Answer:
True
Explanation:
Research misconduct can be defined as falsification, plagiarism and fabrication in research. Fabrication means making up results or data and reporting and recording them.
Inquiry is the first main phase in response to a research misconduct allegation. It is followed by investigation phase. Investigation occurs if there is sufficient evidence that indicates that misconduct has taken place.
Members of Congress have frequently proposed a constitutional amendment to make flag burning a crime because ______.
Answer:
The only way to overturn the Supreme Court's ruling that flag burning is protected speech is through a constitutional amendment.
Explanation:
Flag Desecration Amendment was brought proposed in June 27, 2006 but it failed. It is a proposed law to amend the Bill of Rights that would allow the U.S congress to prohibit dishonouring of the of the flag of the US and punish those who are involved in any such act.
The debate over protecting it as a national symbol and considering its physical desecration as the freedom of speech is still going on. If the amendment gets ratified it would prohibit all forms o flag dishonouring.
The supreme court has ruled in several cases that due to the First Amendment of the US constitution flag desecration cannot be prohibited by federal,municipal or state government.
If one lives in the eastern U.S., the Theory of Littoral Rights will typically govern the rights of a property owner to use the water of a lake or navigable river bordering his or her property.
True-False
Answer:
TRUE
Explanation:
The littoral right, is one given to the person that owns a land that borders large lakes and oceans one can navigate. The right allows them to use the water as much as they can insofar as it does not cause harm to the neighbors that live upstream and downstream. When the owner of this property chooses to sell it, the new owner would have this right and the seller would lose the littoral rights.
what information is required in section l of the solicitation for an oral presentation
Answer:
Information on areas such as offeror's capability, Past performance, work plans, staffing resources, transition plans
Explanation:
The information required for an oral presentation are found in Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR). The oral presentation process are put together as a source-selection method in which the capability and the qualification of the offeror are being evaluated to know if they understand what is required of them to perform. The offeror’s technical team would also be observed by the evaluation team to know how they work together. The offeror’s work plans and their transition plans are also looked at.
Stare Decisisis the Latin for "let the decision stay," and serves as a basis for the doctrine that precedents should be given great weight in rendering decisions.1) True2) False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The phrase "stare decisis" expresses a legal idea that exists at the core of most common law systems. This is the idea of a legal precedent. Such a doctrine encourages law makers to follow historical precedents when making rulings in cases that have similar facts. Following precedents ensures that law remains predictable and fair through different times and when dealing with different people.
In the death penalty law of the Puritans of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, each capital crime, except conspiracy and rebellion, was accompanied by an appropriate biblical quotation as justification.A. TrueB. False
Answer:
The answer is A: true
Explanation:
It is said that Puritan law was extremely strict; men and women who did not act in accordance with the Bible were severely punished for their actions. Puritans were very religious people. They believed they were on earth to do God's work. Those who did not do "God's work" received harsh punishment.
Every time Puritans administered punishment, they felt no remorse at all because according to their beliefs, they were complying with the Old Testament, and therefore, they followed the methods of punishment the Old Testament proposed.
In the legal system, compliance is the action of following applicable laws and rules and regulations. Which of the following processes would not be used to demonstrate compliance:
a. allowing employees in an organization to create policies for self-governance documents to comply with legal or regulatory requirements at the employees' discretion
b. comparing compliance requirements against an organization's daily practices, and modifying those practices as needed
c. developing and implementing monitoring systems in computer systems to alert the organization if security measures required by law or regulation are compromised
d. creating training and awareness activities that educate employees about compliance requirements
Answer:
a. allowing employees in an organization to create policies for self-governance documents to comply with legal or regulatory requirements at the employees' discretion
Explanation:
Of the options provided, a. is the one that sticks out as non-compliant. Compliance has to do with the establishment of rules and regulations by an organisation or a government on how to operate.
Allowing employees to create self-governance documents to comply with legal or regulatory requirements at their own discretion would lead to a system of non-uniformity and people would act as they please. That would not be recommended in a system that wants to demonstrate compliance.
What is a basic power of every government that allows it to interpret laws?
Answer: "Judicial Power" is a basic power of every government that allows it to interpret laws.
Explanation:
The "judicial powers" are understood as the power of the U.S. government's judicial branch to listen cases and interpret, nullify laws, enforce and statutes with a view to provide judgement.
The Judicial Powers are categorized in different ways some examples are like Appellate Jurisdiction performed when appealing of case take place and heared by another court, Diversity Jurisdiction involve different states cases which are heared by federal court, Original Jurisdiction given by the court which very first hear a case etc.
A defendant going to trial for the felony of aggravated battery filed a motion to have the court seat a jury with only five members. He stated that five was his lucky number and that he would be willing to sign any release to ensure a jury of five. Should the judge grant the defendant’s motion to impanel a jury of five members?
Answer:
No.
Explanation:
Felony of aggravated battery is a criminal offence. Aggravated battery is a second degree felony. Aggravated battery is someone causing physical harm or injury to another person. The defendant, according to law has the right to call for a jury trial and the right to ask for jurors of his or her(defendant) peers.
For ages, the numbers of Jurors in criminal cases and civil cases trial are normally twelve and six Respectively.
For a criminal case jury trial if a member of the twelve jurors are not available, the judge might allow eleven jurors. And if the same thing happens in a civil case, the Judge can allow five jurors.
Because the U.S. Constitution is vague or silent about many of the roles of state and local governments, many of the complex relationships in American federalism are governed by _____. pols 2306
The correct answer is; Judicial review.
Further Explanation:
The United States Supreme Court has to help determine the rules of the constitution since they are very vague and many times complex. Since the states rights in the constitution are vague or doesn't even mention many of them, the Supreme Court must rule on these matters. The Supreme Court must rule on the scope and limits of both the federal and state laws and/or authority.
The Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S and they can actually overturn any action by the government as unconstitutional if they find it to be so. In addition to state and federal laws, the Supreme Court can rule on local laws if the case makes it to the court.
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In 1791, John was committed to an asylum in the United States. Which treatment was he likely to experience there?
Answer: Option B -- Bloodletting
Explanation:
Bloodletting has been in existence since over two thousand years ago. It's the widely known and used procedure by surgeon and physician as at then. It can be defined as the method of removing or withdrawing blood from patient's body in order to prevent/cure him/her from any illness or disease.
Many of the results of the National Crime Victimization Survey are found in the Publications and Products section. There you will find the report titled Race and Hispanic Origin of Victims and Offenders. Read the summary page to review the most recent results. What group is least likely to be attacked by someone of a different race?
Answer:
White people are least prone to being targeted by someone of another race. I believe the figures for perpetrators and victims of the same race are so high, since people of the same ethnicity tend to live closer together. For example, in Northwest, Ohio the majority of the population is white, while in Southern California the population is mostly Hispanic.
Amicus curiae briefs: A. help experts testifying in court get their point across. B. provide a way to influence the court when expert testimony is not allowed. C. summarize the questions raised by the jury during deliberation of a verdict. D. reflect scientists' lack of interest in the legal system.
Answer:
B. Provides a way to influence the court when expert testimony is not allowed
Explanation:
Amicus Curiae briefs are filed by the people who have interest in the subject matter of the lawsuit but they are not party to the litigation. Amicus curae means "friend of the court" briefs. It helps to provide sympathetic advocate to address policy issues and expand the effects of a potentially important prior court opinion
Filing of amicus brief signals the court that the case is important and related to many issues apart form the litigants interests. e.g An amicus curae about public health speaks a lot about the health significance of the policies at stake.
Procedural due process requires that any taking of a person's life, liberty, or property by government must be made equitasbly, or fairly.
true or false
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Due process clause means that the legal matters must be resolved according to established rules and principles and the individuals must be treated fairly, it applies in both criminal and civil matters.
In US it is outlined in both fifth and fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution, each of these amendment have due process clause that prohibits the government form taking any action that can take away a person's liberty, property or life without due process of law. It provides various types of protection.
The Supreme Court's interpretation of the existing laws _______ clear. A. was B. are C. were D. have been
The correct answer is 'was' due to the singular nature of the subject 'The Supreme Court's interpretation of the existing laws'. Hence, 'The Supreme Court's interpretation of the existing laws was clear' is the correct completion of the sentence.
Explanation:In the sentence, 'The Supreme Court's interpretation of the existing laws' is the subject. It is singular in nature, therefore, it agrees with a singular verb for proper subject-verb agreement. Hence, the correct choice is 'was'. The completed sentence should read, 'The Supreme Court's interpretation of the existing laws was clear.'
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AMF Systems uses certain standards to judge the rightness or wrongness of its businesses and its personnel relations to others. These standards are called ________.
Answer: Business ethics
Explanation:
Business ethics deals with policies and practices related to the controversies associated with the practices involved in business like trading, discrimination, detection of fraud, public relations, bribery and discrimination.
Thus AMF system must understand the policies and terms of business ethics to deals and judge the rightness or wrongness of personal relations in business.
From the following, please choose which branch of government may have made the following examples of law, and whether each would be federal, state, or local law:1.An agreement between Mexico, Canada, and the United States to protect migratory birds. Executive-Federal2.The Compassionate Use Act. Legislative-State3.The necessity of giving the Miranda Warning to persons being arrested.Judicial-Federal4.An ordinance making it illegal to plant Mulberry trees. Legislative-Local5.The right to abortion. Judicial-Federal
Answer:
An agreement between Mexico, Canada and USA would be made by the Executive because it's the President who sings this kind of agreements. The Compassionate Use would be legislative because the FDA needs to approve and the are autorized to make laws.The necessity of giving the Miranda Warning to persons being arrested, it's Judicial because is the "reading" of their rights.An ordinance making it illegal to plant Mulberry trees, would be made by a Local.The right to abortion, would be made by a Judicial power because that would mean that it won't be penalized.Explanation:
It'd be a Federal law. It'd be a Federal law.It'd be a Federal law.It'd be local because there is no Federal or State law who bans such tree.It'd be a State law. [Each state has the power to decide over this]3. Do you believe that training is a necessity in the implementation of new policies? Please support your answers.
Answer: Yes I believe training is important
Explanation: training in any given situation, be it social, economic or political when change a policy you need to implement training, because training help in understanding more about the new structure which is be brought in. As the question rarely state new. New policies may be different from the current policies they are use to, so it is vital to impact new skill that will attribute to the new framework.
"Did the appellate court agree with the trial court's order that Case Western must issue a diploma to Amir Al-Dabagh
Answer:
NO
Explanation:
Al-Dabagh, a dermatologist, was said to have completed all the academic requirements at Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) for him to become a medical doctor. They school did not give him the required certificate with series of cases brought against him for being unprofessional in his conducts.
Many times, he was found late, and that delayed the classes on several occasions. There are also times he was said to have put up inappropriate acts with some girls in his class and in another incidence, it was said that he rode on a cab and refused to pay afterwards. Though he denied all these, but that did not convince the university to shift ground.
There was a trial court judgment that he should be given the certificate he merited. CWRU decided to appeal the case further and the supreme court reversed the judgement made by the trial court, reaffirming the stance of the university.
2. What is the importance of aligning security policies, controls and procedures with regulations?
Answer:
TO ENSURE THAT ORGANIZATIONS AND INDIVIDUALS OPERATE WITHIN THE LAW.
TO GUARANTEE THE SAFETY OF INDIVIDUALS AND ORGANIZATIONS.
TO PROMOTE UNITY IN EXECUTION OF WORK.
Explanation: laws are meant to be obeyed and enforced, organizations and individuals operating in a given Country, State or County are expected to work within the ambit of the law. When the security policies, procedures, controls are aligned with regulations it helps to guarantee easy understanding and facilitates its compliance.
The safety Management program also involves the Law of the land,the alignment of policies, procedures, controls and regulations will help organisations and individuals to work or operate safely by practising the Law. It will help to prevent ACCIDENTS,SECURITY BREACH,and other possibilities which can lead to THEFT,FRAUD,LOSS OF LIFE etc.
Aligning policies, procedures, controls and regulations will ensure that every organization and individuals execute their jobs following the same set standards according to the laws guiding it, through this systems can be predictable and compliance can be achieved easily.
What is the main reason that a state wants to attract businesses?
Answer: To benefit its economy and provide employment for its residents
The Tanzimat Reforms, from which this decree is a part of, are most similar to what other governmental reform in what other country? a. The Bill of Rights in the United States of America b. The Self-Strengthening Movement of Qing China c. The Meiji Restoration in Japan d. The Napoleonic Code in France
Answer:
c. The Meiji Restoration in Japan
Explanation:
The Tanzimat Reform is a reform that was started in 1839 in the ottoman empire, it was designed to allow the people in ottoman to have the skills to run their economy and society in a modern way and also to develope technologies they will need to develope their armies.
The Meiji Restoration in Japan was started in October 23, 1868 it brought about the modernization in Japan and also their rise as one of the world's most powerful countries. The similarity between The Tanzimat Reform and The Meiji Restoration in Japan is that both brought about modernization and economy development.
The Tanzimat Reforms are most similar to the Meiji Restoration in Japan, as both sought comprehensive modernization of the state, including changes in government, education, military, and societal norms.
Explanation:The Tanzimat Reforms in the Ottoman Empire were comprehensive efforts aiming at the modernization of the state, much like several other reform movements across different nations during the 19th century. While there are aspects of the Tanzimat that may resemble the legalistic and civil nature of the Napoleonic Code in France, and the liberties enshrined in the Bill of Rights in the United States, the closest parallel in terms of overall scope and intent is the Meiji Restoration in Japan. Like the Tanzimat Reforms, the Meiji Restoration represented a period of rapid modernization and an attempt to consolidate state power, industrialize, and compete with Western powers. Both sets of reforms included changes in government structure, education systems, military organization, and societal norms.
________ must be included in an affidavit to support an allegation in order to justify a warrant.
a. verdicts
b. witnesses
c. exhibits
d. subpoenas
Answer:
exhibits
Explanation:
Affidavit is simply known as a written sworn statement made by an individual known as affiant. When there is a certain type of criminal case or case involving the public, the legal practitioner prosecuting the case might ask an individual to submit an affidavit.
It is the duty of that person to write the affidavit which would contain the evidence required to back the allegations for a warrant to be issued. The affidavit must be authenticated under a sworn oat, clearly stating that the information it contains is nothing but the truth as required.
In which of the following areas of the workplace is an employee most likely to have a reasonable expectation of privacy?
employee lounge
Internet use
e-mail and instant message
conference room
Answer:
INTERNET USE
Explanation:
The __________ has held that obscenity should be determined by applying contemporary community standards rather than national standards.
A) Supreme Court of the United States.
B) British Parliament
C) Communications Decency Act of 1996
D) British Board of Film Classification
Answer:
A) Supreme Court of the United States
Explanation:
The Supreme Court of the United States has held that obscenity should be determined by applying contemporary community standards rather than national standards and Miller test was developed in a landmark case of Miller v. California to ascertain the matter in the light of contemporary community adult standards.
_______________ governs the prosecution of those charged with serious offenses against public order, such as murder.
Answer:
Criminal law
Explanation:
Criminal law may be defined as that system of law which deals with the punishment of lawbreakers who are known as "offenders". Criminal law is that branch of law that also considers the rehabilitation of those individuals who violate the law. This system of law basically relates to crime. It is the purpose of criminal law to define criminal offenses and regulate the charging and trial of suspected individuals, and fix a penalty for the offense/crime committed.
As chief justice of the United States, John Marshall helped to ensure that A) states' rights were protected. B) the programs of Alexander Hamilton were overturned. C) the political and economic systems were based on a strong central government. D) both the Supreme Court and the president could rule a law unconstitutional. E) Aaron Burr was convicted of treason.
Answer:
C) the political and economic systems were based on a strong central government.
Explanation:
As chief justice of the United States, John Marshall helped to ensure that the political and economic systems were based on a strong central government.
Limits on the power of judges to make decisions include all of the following except _________.
A. the doctrine of standing.
B. maxims.
C. political factors.
D. precedents.
E. statutes.
Answer:
political factors
Explanation:
Judges do not make decisions based on political factors. The law is blind and sees no one's face, Decisions are made based on precedents, statutes , maxims etc and must be seen to be fair/just. Judges are not empowered to make decisions/judgement on political grounds. This is a dangerous factor that can lead to wide spread demonstration among citizens; thus must be avoided.
Final answer:
Judges are restricted by formal constraints such as the doctrine of standing, precedents, and statutes, but not by political factors which are not considered formal limits on judicial power.
Explanation:
Limits on the power of judges to make decisions include all of the following except political factors. Judges are bound by various formal constraints including the doctrine of standing, which requires that there must be a real controversy between adversaries, and that parties must have suffered harm. They are also guided by legal precedents, where past judicial decisions inform the current case law, stare decisis, which commands adherence to precedent, and statutes, which are laws passed by the legislature that judges must apply.
Maxims, or generally accepted principles or rules, can inform judicial reasoning but are not formal constraints like the others listed. Precedents may offer interpretive flexibility, and courts sometimes may set new ones, especially if previous ones are deemed unworkable or unjust. However, this is different from political factors, which are not formal constraints on judicial decision-making but can informally influence the larger legal and judicial landscape.
Arbitration and litigation are considered much more consensual actions on the ADR.
true/false
Answer: True
Explanation:
Except for the two ADR (Alternative Dispute Resolution) methods above mediation also come in handy so one need to study the best method that suits the client.
The statement that "a new computer class forms roughly each decade establishing a new industry" is recognized as _______ Law.
Final answer:
Moore's Law, named after Intel co-founder Gordon Moore, predicts that the capabilities of electronics double approximately every 18 months to two years, driving technological progress and shaping new industries.
Explanation:
The statement that "a new computer class forms roughly each decade establishing a new industry" is recognized as Moore's Law. This law, named after Gordon Moore, one of the cofounders of Intel, describes the phenomenon that the capabilities of electronics have essentially doubled every eighteen months to two years. Moore's Law has played a crucial role in the rapid evolution of the computer into today's powerful desktop and laptop machines, influencing not just technological advancements but also societal norms and economic realities.
5. Political economy involves the study of the relationship between states and markets. a. Define globalization. b. Define economic liberalization. c. Describe the actions governments take in pursuing a policy of economic liberalization regarding TWO of the following: i. Subsidies ii. Tariffs iii. Ownership of companies and firms iv. Foreign direct investment d. Identify one international organization that promotes economic liberalization.
Answer: Globalisation is the method that firm employ to gain international footing or spread.
Economic Liberation in a market is such that the government or state reduces their influence or control on the market activities so as to give a measure of control to the private firms
C)Tarrif: Government or the state reduces Tarrif on imported raw materials so as to enable the private firms especially start up.
Ownership of companies and firm: deregulation of all state owned firms , privatisation of public corporation tends to give economic Liberation to the people and firm.
D) International labour organisation ILO play major role in economic liberation
Explanation
Globalisation is a process by which firms spread their business wings abroad ,this may involve buying into shares of company operating in similar line of business or setting up a branch of their business abroad.it allows for organic growth and improves FDI for the state.
Economic liberation involves government relaxing Control on market apparatus under their control,this is to provide a connection business environment for current and prospective firms who wishes to invest in the company ,sometime it may involve economic integration at regional level e.g the European Union,which relaxes trading between countries situated within the europe,this may involve slashing drastically tariffs such as tax paid on goods movement within member nationd or completely eradicating the tariff.this allow companies to operate or open branches in as many member countries as possible ,this reduces unemployment across member countries and promote the common currency the Euro relative to other world currency.
The government also privatised public corporation giving larger share of control to the public or citizen,this allow. Government to focus on governance while handing over business to private entities ,this enhances transparency and improve the number of entrepreneurs in the country