The mass murder of a group of people on the basis of their race, beliefs, or culture is known as...?

The Reformation and the rise of Protestantism broke the stranglehold of the Roman Church, while scientific revolution acted as boon for the movements, and gave rise to secularism and individualism.Renaissance and Reformation was considered to be an extension of the idea of Enlightenment.  

Further Explanation:

Renaissance was an era in European History that spanned somewhat between the 14th century and 17th century that advanced European middle age to modernity. The conceptual basis of the theory of Renaissance was its genre of Humanism obtained from the Roman concepts of Humanitas and classical greek philosophy Protagoras. Protagoras stated that “man Is the measure of all thing” which became apparent in science, literate, politics and art and architecture. While Reformation was a European movement that challenged the Papal and Roman Catholic authority.

The end of the Renaissance was marked as the beginning of the Scientific Revolution, which influenced Enlightenment a lot. It was an era that marked the rise of modern science with development in biology, astronomy, chemistry mathematics and physics that played a key role in the transformation of societal views about nature and continued to influence the social movements. They were the reasons behind the insurgence of  Secularism and Individualism among the Europeans.The movement is considered to have been started after the Publication of ” Ninety- Five Theses” of Martin Luther in 1517 for which Luther was condemned for propagating his ideas.

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Grade: High School

Subject: History

Chapter: Renaissance

Keywords: Renaissance, modernity, Humanism, Humanitas, Protagoras, science, literate, politics, art, architecture, Papal, Roman Catholic authority, Enlightenment

The Renaissance, Reformation, and Scientific Revolution promoted individualism and secularism by challenging traditional beliefs and empowering individuals to rely on reason, observation, and inquiry over religious doctrine, which led to new political and philosophical ideas that prioritized human rights and secular governance.

The Renaissance, the Reformation, and the Scientific Revolution were pivotal in fostering individualism and secularism by challenging traditional beliefs and authorities. These movements emphasized human intellect, the ability to reason, and the pursuit of knowledge based on observation and inquiry rather than merely accepting religious doctrine.

The Renaissance reawakened interest in classical knowledge and independent thought, allowing people to view themselves as individuals capable of great achievement. The Reformation disrupted the religious uniformity of Europe by introducing diverse Protestant beliefs and practices, which in turn encouraged people to interpret religious texts for themselves. The Scientific Revolution, with figures like Copernicus and Galileo, defied the geocentric model of the universe, championing the use of reason and scientific methods. This transformation empowered individuals to question traditional dogmas and contributed to a more secular understanding of the world, characterized by a focus on the here and now rather than the afterlife.

Moreover, thinkers like John Locke and Montesquieu introduced ideas about natural rights and political representation that would influence modern democratic governments, further asserting the value of the individual and the importance of secular governance over divine-right monarchies.

B. Puts public safety at immediate risk.

Medieval society viewed women as having a subordinate role with limited rights and responsibilities primarily focused on the domestic sphere, despite the occasional religious or economic autonomy achieved by some women such as abbesses.

During the medieval period, society held a patriarchal view towards women, who had limited rights and were often confined to roles within the domestic sphere. Medieval society structured social, political, and economic life in a way that was steeply hierarchical. Women of lower classes such as peasants and laborers bore the burden of running households, farming work, and could engage in trades such as nursing and laundry but faced exclusion from the official guild system. By contrast, some women found influence and autonomy in religious life, becoming abbesses of monasteries, a role that challenged the typical domestic expectations placed on them. Nonetheless, the overall view of women was one where they were subordinate to men and had limited access to property and political rights, fitting into a narrative crafted by the influential upper classes, despite the presence of powerful female figures like Queen Victoria.

Final answer:

In medieval society, women had limited rights and opportunities. They had few property, income, and political rights, and their roles were largely determined by their social class.

Explanation:

In medieval society, women were generally viewed as having limited rights and opportunities. They had few property, income, and political rights, and had little control over their own bodies, particularly if they were married. Women from the working class often worked in domestic or light-industry factory jobs, while those from the higher classes were expected to fulfill traditional gender roles.

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The correct answer is option (d). Mission San Francisco de los Tejas was the first spanish mission in east texas .

d) Mission San Francisco de los Tejas

Mission San Francisco de los Tejas was the first Spanish mission established in East Texas.

Incorrect Options Explained:

a) Mission San José:

b) Mission San Francisco de la Espada:

c) Mission Concepción:

The complete question is :

What was the first Spanish mission in East Texas?

a) Mission San José

b) Mission San Francisco de la Espada

c) Mission Concepción

d) Mission San Francisco de los Tejas

Final answer:

Toussaint L'Ouverture was a leading figure in the Haitian Revolution, fighting against French colonial rule and slavery. He was instrumental in the abolition of slavery in Haiti and in laying the groundwork for the country's independence, although he died before seeing the fulfillment of these efforts.

Explanation:

Toussaint L'Ouverture was a prominent leader of the Haitian Revolution, the first and only successful slave revolt in history, which led to the formation of the independent nation of Haiti. Born a slave in Saint-Domingue (the colonial name for Haiti), L'Ouverture gained his freedom and rose to become a skillful military commander.

In 1791, he led an uprising against colonial French rule which persisted for over a decade. L'Ouverture's leadership was instrumental in securing the abolition of slavery and establishing the foundations for Haiti's independence, although it was his lieutenant, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, who eventually declared Haiti's independence in 1804, a year after L'Ouverture died in French captivity.

Despite the French Revolution's principles of liberty and equality, Napoleon Bonaparte saw L'Ouverture as a threat to French imperial interests and reasserted control over Saint-Domingue. Napoleon's forces eventually captured L'Ouverture in 1802 and transported him to a French prison where he spent the remaining days of his life. During this time, L'Ouverture wrote his memoirs, defending his integrity and detailing his vision for a free and autonomous Haiti.

The correct answer is C) 80,000, spread out over an area twenty time the size of the English colonies.

Approximately, 80,000 french settlers were in North America at the time of the war between the English and the French (1754-1763).

The French and Indian War were armed conflicts for power and control. Yes, both, French and English waged war just to see who would be the ones to control the colonies in North America. They wanted to become a powerful nation in control of these territories. That is why France and its Indian allies fought England and its Indian allies. French and English claimed the same territories.

The correct answers are B) The Church eliminated the outright sale of indulgences and C) The Church created a list of Forbidden Books to stop the spread of Protestant ideas.

The statements that describe ways in which the Catholic Church responded to the Reformation are the following: The Church eliminated the outright sale of indulgences and the Church created a list of Forbidden Books to stop the spread of Protestant ideas.

The Church also established guidelines for educating priests and the pope encouraged the faithful to become monks and nuns and devote their lives to caring for the sick and helping the poor.

Catholic Church had to react to the Reformation movement and launched was is known as the "Counter-Reformation." It started in 1545 with the Council of Trent. Catholic Church wanted to maintain the presence and dominion it had before the Reformation. It expulsed Protestants and presented new documents for ecclesiastical reconfiguration, confiscated Protestant land, and started heresy trials.

It was a union of different tribes or groups.

Answer:

C. The Hindu gods are all aspects of the god Brahma. They represent the main principles of Hindu religious beliefs, such as creation and prosperity.

Explanation:

Hinduism is a polytheistic religion and the dominant religion in India since at least 5 millennia. As a polytheistic religion, Hinduism believes in a great variety of gods, each one of them having different attributes and representing different aspects and forces of nature. For example, Lakshmi is the goddess of beauty, and Ganesha is the god of abundance. However, all of the gods are manifestations of the one and supreme god Brahma, which is the unique and absolute cosmic principle, the ultimate reality, the eternal source from which not only the gods but the entire universe emanates.

Answer:

The answer is Italy.

Explanation:

I know this because I picked Poland and got it wrong and it said Italy is the answer.

The Ninth amendment protects any rights which aren't emphasized within the constitution.

This is defined as the basic principles and laws of a country or group in which the powers and duty of the government is spelt out together with the rights of the people.

In the Ninth amendment of the US constitution, rights which aren't specifically mentioned are protected which is why option C was chosen.

Read more about Constitution here https://brainly.com/question/16385413

Correct answer choices are :

Feudalism was a mixture of legal and military systems in ancient Europe that prospered between the 9th and 15th centuries. Broadly described, it was a way of structuring society around connections received from the holding of land in a transaction for service or labor. Feudal society is a military government in which a ruler or lord gives mounted fighters a fief profitable, a unit of land to control in trade for a military service.

Tone is the author's attitude towards the subject or audience, reflected through word choice and narrative style, while mood is the overall emotional atmosphere experienced by the reader, created by setting and pacing.

Differences between Tone and Mood

The concepts of tone and mood are integral to understanding and analyzing literature and narrative works, but they refer to different aspects of the writing and reading experiences.

Tone refers to the author's or speaker's attitude towards the subject matter or audience. It is conveyed through their word choice, sentence construction, and can be influenced by the point-of-view employed in the narrative. For instance, a writer's tone can be informal, formal, sarcastic, or playful, and it often reflects the emotional state of the narrator. It is critical to be attentive to changes in tone, as it can shift within a text to enhance meaning or reflect varying perspectives.

Conversely, mood pertains to the overall feeling or atmosphere that a reader experiences while reading a text. The writer's choice of words, setting, and pacing all contribute to the creation of mood. This can range from gloomy and suspenseful to joyous and relaxed, and it is meant to evoke certain emotions in the reader.

While tone is specific to the narrative voice and may vary from paragraph to paragraph, mood tends to be more consistent throughout the work, setting the emotional backdrop that encompasses the reader's experience with the text.

Final answer:

Chandragupta Maurya founded the Maurya Empire in ancient India.

Explanation:

The military leader who founded the Maurya Empire was Chandragupta Maurya. He established the empire in 322 B.C.E., after conquering various regions disrupted by the expansion of Alexander the Great's armies. The Maurya Empire was one of the most extensive and powerful political and military empires in ancient India, dominating the region between 322 B.C.E. and 185 B.C.E.

Final answer:

Socrates, facing the charges of corruption of the youth and impiety, stood trial in ancient Athens where he proposed penalties for his 'crimes' with sincerity, rooted in his philosophical beliefs. He was ultimately sentenced to death after rejecting the notion that he committed any wrongdoing and remained faithful to his principles to the end.

Explanation:

During the trial of Socrates, as recorded by Plato, Socrates was given the opportunity to propose a penalty for the crimes he was alleged to have committed. Despite being asked to suggest a penalty, Socrates did not believe he had committed any crime, making the task difficult for him.

He initially suggested he should be rewarded with free room and board, which angered many of the jurors, leading to a proposal of a fine instead, with the money collected by his friends. Ultimately, the jury voted for his death by a larger margin than the vote that found him guilty, indicating that some jurors who initially found him not guilty later voted for his execution.

Socrates accepted this verdict as part of his commitment to the oaths he swore to the gods and the Athenian legal system, and he refrained from fleeing before his death sentence.

The charges of corruption of the young and impiety were central to the trial of Socrates. The charge of corrupting the youth was brought forth with no solid evidence or identification of individuals he had supposedly corrupted.

As for the charge of impiety, Socrates challenged the accusation by clarifying that he was not an atheist and believed in spiritual matters, compelling the accuser to admit that if Socrates taught about spirits, he must believe in gods. This philosophical stance of Socrates led to his defense of the philosophical life, a central theme throughout the trial.

Ultimately, Socrates was sentenced to death in 399 BCE. His defense, though earnest and rooted in his dedication to philosophy and adherence to truth, did not sway the jury. Socrates’s execution marked a pivotal moment in ancient philosophy and Athenian history, as he chose to obey the laws of his city rather than escape into exile, illustrating his deep commitment to his principles and his city.

Answer:

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Explanation:

Answer:

Europe in the 1600 saw an eruption of mathematical and scientific discoveries. The scholars use mathematics to support the claims in the scientific revolution era because it helped the scientist to gasp the result accurately and to give an undeniable proof with the facts not with the believes and the ideas. Notably, Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo, Johannes Kepler, Sir Isaac Newton were the famous scientist who made discoveries with the use of mathematics.  

The scramble for Africa was the occupation and colonization of African territory by the European monarchies between 1881 and 1914. The settlement of boundaries among colonized African territories was somewhat achieved with the Berlin Conference of 1884. This treaty regulated further colonization and trade in the African continent. Among the most sought territories were the ones which had large reserves of gold, as the metal was already highly valued in the global market. This led to further conflicts between monarchies.

Answer:

The causes of the American revolution are such as:

The answer you are looking for is Rome and Constantinople

The correct answers are "raised tariffs" and "raised taxes".

Because of the Great Depression, the government was eager to recover economically and set these two things as a manner to do so. But instead, the purchasing power has diminished and many entrepreneurs felt discouraged to start a business and beget more job opportunities for the population.

Answer:    B) A series of actions by the Catholic Church intended to spread and defend the Catholic faith

Explanation:  The counter-reformation was the Catholic Church's response to the growing influence of Protestantism in an effort to strengthen the Church's existing influence and further the spread of Catholicism. It is considered that counter-reformation began with the Council of Trent (1545–1563), and included a series of documents of apologetic content, wars, political actions, expulsion of Protestants, various trials of heretics, etc.

The correct answer is B) Anglo-Saxon women had similar power; they retained control over their property after marriage.

The role of women in Anglo-Saxon society compared to today is similar. Anglo-Saxon women had similar power; they retained control over their property after marriage.

Men dominated the Anglo-Saxon society.  Their main role was to protect and feed their family. Women married to make peace between two tribes that were confronting each other. They were called the "peace weavers". Women also served the men and supported him in his endeavors. Women took care of the children, were housewives, and endured so much pressure when the husband was killed in battle.