Final answer:
The gravitational force on Planet 2, which is four times more massive but orbits at three times the distance from a star compared to Planet 1, would be 4/9 of the gravitational force on Planet 1, according to Newton's law of universal gravitation.
Explanation:
The question pertains to the gravitational force exerted by a star on two different planets in orbit. According to the provided scenario, Planet 1 experiences a gravitational force denoted as f1. Planet 2 is four times as massive as Planet 1 and orbits at a distance that is three times larger from the star, resulting in gravitational force f2. To compare f1 and f2, one can use Newton's law of universal gravitation, which states that the force of gravity between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. For Planet 2, which has four times the mass (4M), but is at three times the distance (3d), the force of gravity, f2, can be calculated as follows:
f2 = (G * (4M) * M_star) / (3d)^2 = (4/9) * (G * M * M_star) / d^2
Where:
G represents the gravitational constant
M is the mass of Planet 1
M_star is the mass of the star
d is the original distance between Planet 1 and the star
Comparing f2 with f1, which is (G * M * M_star) / d^2, it becomes clear that f2 = (4/9)f1. Therefore, the gravitational force acting on Planet 2 is 4/9 that of the gravitational force acting on Planet 1.
A bowling ball leaves a bowlers hand. An accelerometer inside the ball reads zero. Which of the following best describes what happens to the ball
Seagulls are often observed dropping clams and other shellfish from a height to the rocks below, as a mean of opening the shells. If a seagull drops a shell from rest at a height of 14.0m, how fast is the shell moving when it hits the rocks?
The shell dropped by the seagull would be moving at a speed of approximately 16.7 m/s when it hits the ground. This calculation is based on the physics concept of final velocity in a free-fall motion.
Explanation:In this scenario, the concept of kinematics, an aspect of Physics, will be employed. Particularly, we'll be focusing on free fall motion. The speed of the shell just before hitting the ground can be calculated using the equation for the final velocity in free fall: v = √(2gs) where v is the final velocity, g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.81 m/s² on Earth), and s is the height from which the object is dropped.
Substituting the given values (s = 14.0m, g = 9.81m/s²) into the equation, the calculation should look like this:
v = √(2*9.81*14.0) ≈ 16.7 m/s
So, the shell should be moving at approximately 16.7 m/s when it hits the rocks below.
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Explain how to identify a starting position on a line.
Sample Response: Pick a reference point on the line to be the zero position. Determine the direction and measure the distance from zero in standard units.
-The reference point is set on the line.
-The distance from that reference point can be used to describe movement.
-Standard units of measurement can be used to identify the distance from the reference point.
The total volume of hydrogen gas needed to fill the hindenburg was 2.09 × 108 l at 1.00 atm and 25.1°
c. how much energy was evolved when it burned?
The energy released from the burning of the Hindenburg's hydrogen can be calculated using Einstein's theory of relativity and the mass of hydrogen converted into helium. However, actual values may vary.
Explanation:To answer your question, we need to calculate the amount of energy produced when hydrogen is converted into helium. From the provided reference, when 1 kilogram of hydrogen is converted into helium, the mass of the helium is only 0.9929 kilogram, and 0.0071 kilogram of material is converted into energy. This conversion is guided by Einstein's theory of relativity, which states that energy equals mass times the speed of light squared. So, the energy released by the conversion of just 1 kilogram of hydrogen into helium can be calculated using the formula E=mc² (where 'm' is mass and 'c' is the speed of light). Therefore, applying the numbers, the energy evolved would be 0.0071 kg * (3 * 10⁸ m/s)². However, please note that real-world values can be different due to various factors like loss of gas, incomplete reaction, etc.
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The energy of [tex]\( 2.45 \times 10^9 \text{ kJ} \)[/tex] is evolved when the hydrogen gas is used to fill the Hindenburg.
To calculate the energy evolved when the hydrogen gas used to fill the Hindenburg burned, we need to know the combustion reaction and the energy released per mole of hydrogen gas.
The combustion reaction of hydrogen gas is:
[tex]\[ 2H_2(g) + O_2(g) \rightarrow 2H_2O(g) \][/tex]
The enthalpy change [tex](\(\Delta H\))[/tex] for this reaction is approximately [tex]\(-286 \text{ kJ/mol}\) of \(H_2\)[/tex].
Using the ideal gas law PV = nRT to find the number of moles (n) of [tex]\(H_2\)[/tex]:
P = 1.00 atm
[tex]\[ V = 2.09 \times 10^8 \text{ L} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ R = 0.0821 \text{ L} \cdot \text{atm} / \text{mol} \cdot \text{K} \][/tex]
T = 298.25 K
[tex]\[ n = \frac{PV}{RT} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ n = \frac{(1.00 \text{ atm})(2.09 \times 10^8 \text{ L})}{(0.0821 \text{ L} \cdot \text{atm} / \text{mol} \cdot \text{K})(298.25 \text{ K})} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ n = \frac{2.09 \times 10^8}{24.45} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ n \approx 8.55 \times 10^6 \text{ moles} \][/tex]
Now, calculate the total energy evolved when this amount of hydrogen burns:
[tex]\[ \text{Energy evolved} = n \times \Delta H \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{Energy evolved} = (8.55 \times 10^6 \text{ moles}) \times (-286 \text{ kJ/mol}) \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{Energy evolved} = -2.45 \times 10^9 \text{ kJ} \][/tex]
The negative sign indicates that energy is released, so the total energy evolved is [tex]\[ 2.45 \times 10^9 \text{ kJ} \][/tex].
A 25 n box is pulled across a frictionless surface by an applied force of 22 n. the coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the surface is 0.3. find the acceleration of the box. use g = 10 m/s2 .
The acceleration of the box is -2.12 m/s^2.
Explanation:To find the acceleration of the box, we need to calculate the net force acting on it. The net force is the difference between the applied force and the force of kinetic friction. The force of kinetic friction can be calculated by multiplying the coefficient of kinetic friction by the normal force, which is the weight of the box. The weight of the box is mass multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity. With this information, we can plug in the given values and calculate the acceleration.
Therefore, the acceleration of the box is -2.12 m/s2.
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To find the acceleration of the box, you subtract the frictional force from the applied force, then divide by the box's mass. In this case, the acceleration is found to be 5.8 m/s².
Explanation:To find the acceleration of the box, we need to apply Newton's second law of motion, which states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. In this case, the net force is the applied force minus the force of friction. Given the normal force (created by the box's weight) is 25 N, the force of friction would be the coefficient of kinetic friction (0.3) multiplied by the normal force. That equals 0.3 * 25 = 7.5N.
Then, the net force is the applied force (22 N) minus this frictional force: 22 - 7.5 = 14.5 N. Since force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma), you can find the acceleration (a) by dividing the net force by the mass. Remember that the mass should be calculated by dividing the weight by gravitational acceleration (m = N/g). The mass is 2.5 kg. Therefore, the acceleration (a) would be F/m = 14.5 N divided by 2.5 kg= 5.8 m/s².
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do all protostars become stars?
A protostar, an early stage of stellar evolution, does not always become a star. It depends on the mass of the protostar. Protostars with enough mass become stars by successfully starting nuclear fusion, while those with lower mass may become brown dwarfs.
Explanation:In the field of Astronomy, a protostar refers to the early stage of stellar evolution, a dense area in a molecular cloud where a star begins to form. Not all protostars successfully become stars. The evolution of a protostar into a star is largely dependent on the mass of the protostar. If the protostar has enough mass, it will continue to condense and heat up until it begins nuclear fusion, and officially becomes a star. If the protostar doesn't have enough mass, it may instead become a brown dwarf - a type of sub-stellar object that is too low in mass to sustain nuclear fusion in its core.
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Not all protostars become stars. Protostars with enough mass ignite nuclear fusion of hydrogen and become main sequence stars, while lower mass protostars that can't sustain hydrogen fusion become brown dwarfs, a category between planets and stars.
Explanation:In the context of stellar evolution, not all protostars necessarily become stars in the traditional sense. Protostars are essentially young stars in the process of formation, a phase that sees impressive contraction and accumulation of dust and gas from their environment. This process notably generates heat and infrared radiation. However, the endpoint of a protostar's journey relies much on its mass.
If the protostar accretes enough matter to increase its core temperature and trigger nuclear fusion of hydrogen, it successfully becomes a main sequence star which is commonly referred to as a 'star'. In fact, our very own Sun went through this stellar development path. Otherwise, if a protostar lacks sufficient mass to instigate hydrogen fusion, it ends up becoming a 'failed star' known as a brown dwarf. Brown dwarfs are objects that straddle the line between planet and star, with some characteristics of both.
To elaborate, as a protostar collapses under its own gravity, it radiates away its heat, shrinking and becoming denser until its core becomes hot enough to trigger nuclear fusion, turning hydrogen into helium. If the mass is there, this fusion process will continue, and a star is born. If the mass isn't sufficient, nuclear fusion won't occur and thus, a brown dwarf is formed.
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A car with a mass of 2500 kg accelerates when the traffic light turns green. If the net force on the car is 5000 Newton’s, what is the car’s acceleration?
Final answer:
The car's acceleration can be calculated using Newton's second law of motion, which states that force is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration. By rearranging the formula, we can find the car's acceleration to be 2 m/s².
Explanation:
The acceleration of a car can be calculated using Newton's second law of motion, which states that force is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration (F = ma). In this case, the net force acting on the car is 5000 N and the mass of the car is 2500 kg. Using the formula, we can rearrange it to solve for acceleration:
a = F / m
Substituting the given values, we have:
a = 5000 N / 2500 kg
Simplifying the equation gives:
a = 2 m/s²
Therefore, the car's acceleration is 2 m/s².
Is the arctic ocean larger than the indian ocean?
Barometer is taken from the base to the top of a 279-m tower. assuming the density of air is 1.29 kg/m3, what is the measured change in pressure?
To determine the change in atmospheric pressure, apply the formula for hydrostatic pressure, p = hdg, where h is height (279m), d is air density (1.29 kg/m³), and g is acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²). The product gives you the change in pressure in Pascals (Pa).
Explanation:The calculation of the change in pressure as the barometer is taken from the base to the top of the 279m tower involves using the formula for hydrostatic pressure. This formula is given by p = hdg, where h is the height of the fluid column, d is the fluid density and g is the acceleration due to gravity. In this case, the fluid is air.
Given that the density (d) of air is approximately 1.29 kg/m³, the height of the tower (h) is 279 m, and g (the acceleration due to gravity) is 9.81 m/s², you would calculate the change in pressure by simply plugging these values into the formula: p = 1.29 kg/m³ * 279 m * 9.81 m/s². Once you have multiplied these numbers together, the answer will give you the change in atmospheric pressure in Pascals (Pa).
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How would a 50 percent increase in earth's albedo impact average surface temperatures?
How long does it take for tylenol to work?
Potential energy
a. transfers motion to matter.
b. is stored energy unavailable to do work.
c. is kinetic energy that has not yet been turned to heat.
d. contains less energy than kinetic energy.
e. is contained in matter placed in certain positions or arrangements.
How long does it take for an obituary to appear?
The refractive index of medium A is 1.54 and that of medium B is 2.12. Which statement is correct about this information?
Answer:
A ray of light passing from medium A to B will bend toward the normal.
Explanation: Plato user
Ryan and Becca are moving a folding table out of the sunlight. A cup of lemonade, with the message 0.44 kg is on the table. Becca lifts her end of the table before Ryan does, as a result, the table makes an angle of 150.0° with the horizontal. Find the components of the cups weight that are parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the table
The components of the cup's weight that are parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the table can be found using trigonometry.
Explanation:The magnitude of the component of the weight parallel to the slope is w|| = w*sin(25°) = mg*sin(25°), and the magnitude of the component of the weight perpendicular to the slope is w1 = w*cos(25°) = mg*cos(25°).
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Think Critically:
A lightbulb converts 10 percent of the electrical energy it uses into radiant energy. Make a hypothesis about the other form of energy produced.
Answer:
When you touch a light bulb, you can notice that the lightbulb is actually really hot. This is because some of the energy that reaches the lightbulb is transformed into heat, if 10% of the electrical energy is used to make radiant energy (light ) then the other 90% is dissipated as heat.
a cannonball with a mass of 1.0 kilogram is fired horizontally from a 500.- kilogram cannon, initially at rest, on a horizontal, frictionless surface. The cannonball is acted on by an average force of 8.0x10^3 newtons for 1.0x10^-1 second. (a) What is the magnitude of the average net force acting on the cannon? (b) Determine the acceleration of the cannon ball.
In this exercise we will use the knowledge of Newton's laws to be able to answer about the force, in this way:
A) opposite direction to the movement.
B) a = 8,000 m/s^2
So, recalling Newton's concept of force, we have:
One newton corresponds to the force exerted on a body of mass equal to 1 kg that induces an acceleration of 1 m/s² in the same direction as the force.
A)The magnitude of a force is linked to its direction, so we will have that force is in the opposite direction to the movement.
B) We solve this using the formula:
[tex]F = m a\\8.0*10^3 N = (1.0 kg) a\\a = 8,000 m/s^2[/tex]
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The mixture you separated was a mixture of iron filings, sand, and salt. Based on your understanding of matter, is this mixture a homogenous mixture or heterogenous mixture? How do you know? Question 1 options: homogenous mixture-the parts are uniformly mixed homogenous mixture-the parts are not uniformly mixed heterogenous mixture-the parts are not uniformly mixed heterogenous mixture-the parts are uniformly mixed
Answer: Heterogeneous mixture - the parts are not uniformly mixed.
A mixture contains components having distinct chemical properties. There are two types of mixtures: homogeneous and heterogeneous. In a homogeneous mixture there is uniform distribution of components. we cannot distinguish one portion of the mixture from another. for example salt mixed in water. In heterogeneous mixture, the components are not uniformly mixed. hence, we are able to distinguish different parts of a mixture, like the mixture of iron, sand and salt given in this question.
In a chemical reaction sodium and chlorine react to form sodium chloride.
Which term names the sodium?
A.an ion
B.an electron
C.a product
D.a reactant
Answer:
The answer is D) A Reactant!
Explanation:
The answer is D because just like water, salt is made up of two different components. Making it a reactant!
How does speed affect the friction between a road and a skidding tire?
A car traveling in a straight line at an initial speed of 8.0 meters per second accelerates uniformly to a speed of 14 meters per second over a distance of 44 meters. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the car?
The equation we can use here is:
v^2 = v0^2 + 2 a d
where v is final velocity, v0 is intial velocity, a is acceleration and d is distance
14^2 = 8^2 + 2 a (44)
a = 1.5 m/s^2
The acceleration of the car travelling in a straight line is [tex]\fbox{\begin\\1.5\,{{\text{m}}\mathord{\left/{\vphantom{{\text{m}}{{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}{{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}}}\end{minispace}}[/tex].
Further Explanation:
A car travelling in a straight line with a constant uniform acceleration will always follow the Newton’s law of motion.
Given:
The initial velocity of the car is [tex]8\,{{\text{m}}\mathord{\left/{\vphantom{{\text{m}}{\text{s}}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}{\text{s}}}[/tex].
The final velocity of the car is [tex]14\,{{\text{m}}\mathord{\left/{\vphantom{{\text{m}}{\text{s}}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}{\text{s}}}[/tex].
The total distance covered by the car is [tex]44\,{\text{m}}[/tex].
Concept:
The car is following the Newton’s law of motion. As per the Newton's laws of motion, the motion of a body is governed by the three equations of motion.
To calculate the uniform acceleration of car when initial velocity, final velocity, and distance covered by car given, the equation of motion we can use here is:
[tex]\fbox{\begin\\v^2 = {u^2} + 2as\end{minispace}}[/tex]
Rearrange the above equation for value of acceleration :
[tex]a=\dfrac{{{v^2}-{u^2}}}{{2s}}[/tex]
Here, [tex]s[/tex] is the distance covered by car, [tex]u[/tex] is the given initial velocity of the car, [tex]v[/tex] is the given final velocity of the car and [tex]a[/tex] is the acceleration of the car.
Substitute [tex]14\,{{\text{m}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\text{m}} {\text{s}}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\text{s}}}[/tex] for [tex]v[/tex], [tex]8\,{{\text{m}} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\text{m}} {\text{s}}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\text{s}}}[/tex] for [tex]u[/tex] and [tex]44\,{\text{m}}[/tex] for [tex]s[/tex] in the above equation.
[tex]\begin{aligned}a&=\dfrac{{{{\left({14\,{{\text{m}}\mathord{\left/{\vphantom{{\text{m}}{\text{s}}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}{\text{s}}}}\right)}^2}-{{\left({8\,{{\text{m}}\mathord{\left/{\vphantom{{\text{m}}{\text{s}}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}{\text{s}}}}\right)}^2}}}{{2\times44}}\\&=1.5\,{{\text{m}}\mathord{\left/{\vphantom{{\text{m}}{{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}{{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]
Thus, the acceleration of the car travelling in a straight line is [tex]\fbox{\begin\\1.5\,{{\text{m}}\mathord{\left/{\vphantom{{\text{m}}{{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace}{{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}}}\end{minispace}}[/tex].
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Physics
Chapter: Kinematics
Keywords:
Initial speed of 8.0 m/s,Newton's law, motion, distance, final speed of 14.0 m/s, car travelling in a straight line, accelerates uniformly and distance of 44 m.
7 km is equal to:
0.7 m
70 m
700 m
7,000 m
An object has a mass of 30 grams and measures 3cmx2cmx1cm. What is the density of the object?
What is the value of work done on an object when a 10–newton force moves it 30 meters and the angle between the force and the displacement is 25°?
The component of force which is parallel to the
path of the motion is 10N * cos25 = 9.06 N
This component is the only "effective" force, and
it is the one doing work.
Work = force * distance
Work = 9.06 N * 30 m
Work = 2.7×10^2 J
Answer:
2.7×10^2 Joules
Explanation:
A solar powered car converts _______________ energy into _________________ energy. A) light, chemical B) light, mechanical C) mechanical, light Eliminate D) electrical, mechanical
A solar-powered car converts light energy into mechanical energy. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
What is a solar-powered car?A solar car is a vehicle running on electricity produced by the conversion of sunlight into useful energy. Solar cars are a combination of aerodynamics, laws of motion, and clean converted energy.
Solar panels help in the conversion of solar power into usable electricity that is stored in batteries. These batteries are used as the fuel which we need to run the vehicles.
A solar car only depends on the photovoltaic cells to absorb the sunlight and transform it into usable energy to power the engine. Photovoltaic cells are based on the principle of solar thermal energy by converting solar energy instead of thermal conversion, directly to usable electricity.
Solar cars have solar panels to be mounted on the surfaces absorbing maximum sun rays, which are generally on the rooftop. The photovoltaic cells comprise Silicon, Galium, Indium, and Nitrogen gas.
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When mars is on the opposite side of the sun from earth, it is about 4.0×108km away. how long does it take a radio signal traveling at the speed of light, c=3.00×105km/s, to go from earth to mars at this time? be sure to give your answer with the appropriate precision?
When Mars and Earth are on opposite sides of the sun, the distance between them is approximately 4.0x108 km. Given that the speed of light is about 3.00x105 km/s, it takes just over 22 minutes (or around 1333.33 seconds) for a radio signal to travel from Earth to Mars.
Explanation:
The speed of light, denoted as c, is approximately 3.00 x 105 km/s. We are given that the distance between Mars and Earth when they are on opposite sides of the Sun is approximately 4.0 x 108 km. Since speed is defined as the distance traveled per unit of time, we can calculate the time it takes for a radio signal to travel from Earth to Mars by dividing the total distance by the speed of light.
Calculating TimeUsing the formula Time = Distance/Speed, replacing the symbols with the values given results in: Time = 4.0x108 km / 3.00x105 km/s. Performing the calculation reveals that it takes approximately 1333.33 seconds for a radio signal to travel from Earth to Mars when they are on opposite sides of the sun.
This answer tells us that even at the speed of light, interplanetary communication experiences considerable delays due to the vast distances involved. For instance, if astronauts on Mars were trying to communicate with their counterparts on Earth, there would be a delay of just over 22 minutes each way.
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What do scientist mean when they use the term inertia?
The word inertia is the resistance of any physical object to any change in it's state of motion. Things like the objects direction, speed, or it's state of rest are all included.
Inertia can also be defined as the tendency of objects to keep moving in a straight line at it's constant velocity.
A certain machine changes a large input force into a smaller output force. how will the machine affect the distance over which the force is applied? explain.
Tracy took a road trip out west where she had a chance to visit both the north and south rims of the Grand Canyon. She observed more wildlife and a greater variety of views from the south rim, but enjoyed a less crowded more peaceful experience at the north rim. She was able to hike several trails at both locations and found the staff to be helpful. What would be the best way for Tracy to categorize her observations? a. Similarities = variety of views, crowds, peaceful Differences = amount of wildlife, hiking trails, staff b. Similarities = helpful staff, ability to hike Differences = variety of views, crowds, peacefulness, wildlife sightings c. Similarities = helpful staff, views, amount of wildlife Differences = difficulty levels of hiking trails, crowds, peacefulness d. Similarities = Both crowded, excellent views, ability to hike Differences = peacefulness, staff availability, amount of wildlife
A passenger with a mass of 140,000 kg flies at a constant velocity of 220 m/s at an altitude of 11,000 meters. What net force acts on the plane?
According to Newton's first and second laws of motion, since the plane is flying at a constant velocity without acceleration, the net force acting on the plane is zero.
Explanation:The question refers to a concept in Physics known as Newton's first law of motion, commonly referred to as the 'law of inertia'. According to this law, an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. The question states that the plane is experiencing constant velocity, indicating there is no acceleration. According to Newton's second law (F = ma), where F is force, m is mass, and a is acceleration, if there is no acceleration (a = 0), there will be no net force acting upon the object. Regardless of the plane's mass or its velocity, due to the absence of acceleration, the net force acting on the plane will be zero.
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The net force acting on a passenger plane with a mass of 140,000 kg flying at a constant velocity of 220 m/s and an altitude of 11,000 meters is zero, due to the forces being balanced as per Newton's first law of motion.
Explanation:A passenger plane with a mass of 140,000 kg flies at a constant velocity of 220 m/s at an altitude of 11,000 meters. The net force acting on the plane is zero. This is because when an object is moving with a constant velocity, it means that there is no net acceleration.
According to Newton's first law of motion, if an object is moving at a constant velocity, the forces acting on the body must be balanced, resulting in no net force acting on the object. In the context of an airplane flying at a constant velocity and altitude, the thrust produced by the engines must be equal to the sum of all drag forces and the gravitational pull, creating a balanced force scenario where the net force equals zero.
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