Answer:
Following are the program in the Python Programming Language.
male_names = {'kay', 'Dev', 'Sam', 'Karan', 'Broly', 'Samuel', 'Jayd', 'Lucifer', 'Amenadiel', 'Anmol'}
female_names = {'Kally', 'Megha', 'Lucy', 'Shally', 'Bailey', 'Jayd', 'Anmol', 'Beth', 'Veronica', 'Sam'}
#initialize the union from male_names and female_names
all_names = male_names.union(female_names)
#Initialize the similar names from male_names and female_names
neutral_names = male_names.intersection(female_names)
#initialize the symmetric_difference from male_names and female_names
specific_names = male_names.symmetric_difference(female_names)
#print the results
print(sorted(all_names))
print(sorted(neutral_names))
print(sorted(specific_names))
Output:
['Amenadiel', 'Anmol', 'Bailey', 'Beth', 'Broly', 'Dev', 'Jayd', 'Kally', 'Karan', 'Lucifer', 'Lucy', 'Megha', 'Sam', 'Samuel', 'Shally', 'Veronica', 'kay']
['Anmol', 'Jayd', 'Sam']
['Amenadiel', 'Bailey', 'Beth', 'Broly', 'Dev', 'Kally', 'Karan', 'Lucifer', 'Lucy', 'Megha', 'Samuel', 'Shally', 'Veronica','kay']
Explanation:
The following are the description of the program.
In the above program, firstly we set two list data type variables 'male_names' and 'female_names' and initialize the male and female names in those variables. Then, we set three variables in which we store union, intersection, and symmetric differences and finally print these three variables in a sorted manner.You need to write a program that reads in the mass of an object (in kg) and output the weight (in N) on the Earth, on the Moon, and on Venus. An object's mass can be measured in kilograms. The weight is measured in newtons. So an object of a specific mass (in kilograms) would have one weight (in newtons) on the earth and a different weight on the moon. Your program will read in the mass (in kilograms) and convert it to newtons for the Earth, the Moon, and Venus. So, on the Earth we can convert kilograms to newtons with the following expression: weight = mass * 9.81 where 9.81 is the acceleration due to gravity on earth (in meters per second squared or m/s^2). On the Moon this formula would be: weight = mass * 1.62 where 1.62 is the acceleration due to gravity on the moon (m/s^2) Finally, for Venus it would be: weight = mass * 8.87
Answer:
#include <iostream>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
double mass,e,m,v;
cout<<"Enter the mass : ";
cin>>mass;
cout<<"The mass is "<<mass<<" kg\n";
if(mass<=0){
cout<<" mass must be greater than zero";
return 0;
}
e= mass * 9.81;
m= mass * 1.62;
v = mass * 8.87;
cout.setf(ios::fixed);
cout<<"Location"<<right<<setw(10)<<"Weight\n";
cout<<"Earth"<<right<<setw(15)<<setprecision(4)<<e<<endl;
cout<<"Moon"<<right<<setw(15)<<setprecision(4)<<m<<endl;
cout<<"Venus"<<right<<setw(15)<<setprecision(4)<<v<<endl;
cout<<endl<<endl;
if(m>=1500)
cout<<"Object is light weight";
else
cout<<"Object is heavy weight";
}
Explanation:
Final answer:
An object's weight is calculated by multiplying its mass by the acceleration due to gravity, which varies by celestial body. On Earth, the weight is the mass times 9.81 m/s², while on the Moon it is mass times 1.62 m/s², and on Venus, the weight is calculated with an acceleration due to gravity of 8.87 m/s².
Explanation:
The mass of an object is a measure of the amount of matter in that object and does not change regardless of the object's location. On the other hand, weight is the force exerted by gravity on an object and is calculated by multiplying the mass (in kilograms) by the acceleration due to gravity (in meters per second squared, m/s²). This acceleration due to gravity varies depending on the celestial body.
On Earth, the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.81 m/s², which means that an object's weight can be calculated as its mass multiplied by 9.81. For example, a mass of 100 kg on Earth would have a weight of 981 Newtons (N).
The Moon's gravitational acceleration is much lower, around 1.62 m/s². Thus, the same 100 kg object would weigh 162 N on the Moon. It's clear that, although mass remains consistent, weight varies significantly depending on the acceleration due to gravity at the location.
Similarly, on Venus, the acceleration due to gravity is 8.87 m/s². To find the weight of an object on Venus, you multiply its mass by this acceleration. So, a 100 kg object would weigh approximately 887 N on Venus.
The distinction between mass and weight is important as it highlights that weight can change locationally due to variations in gravitational pull, while mass is an intrinsic property of an object that does not change with location.
Write a setInterval() function that increases the count by 1 and displays the new count in counterElement every 100 milliseconds. Call clearInterval() to cancel the interval when the count displays 4.
Answer:
var count = 0;
var counterElement = document.getElementById("counter");
counterElement.innerHTML = count;
var interval = setInterval(function () {
count++;
counterElement.innerHTML = count;
if (count === 4) {
clearTimeout(interval);
}
}, 100);
Explanation:
Craig likes to work on his computer at his local coffee shop, but people around him may be able to see what he is doing, including entering passwords for his accounts. This method of gaining confidential information is referred to as ________.
(A) phishing
(B) shoulder surfing
(C) man-in-the-middle attacks
(D) spear phishing
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Craig could of left the coffee shop but instead he could just shoulder surfing so no one could see all the other options are just plain Wrong shoulder surfing can do no harm
Write two functions called permutation() and combination(), where permutation() computes and returns n!/(n-r)!whereas combination() returns. n!/(n-r)!r!A third function called par_input() gets the input values for n and r. An example of correct program behavior follows: Input: 3 2 Output: The permutation is 6, and the combination is 3.
Answer:
Here is the program in C.
#include<stdio.h> // header file used to input output operations
int permutation(int n, int r); // function to computer permutation
int combination(int n, int r); //function to compute combination
int factorial(int number); // function to computer factorial
void par_input(int n, int r); // function take take input value of n and r
int main() //start of main() function body
{
int n,r; // declare n and r variables
par_input(n,r); //calls par_input() function to get values of n and r
}
int permutation(int n, int r) // method to calculate permutation
{
return factorial(n) / factorial(n-r); //formula for permutation
}
int combination(int n, int r) // method to calculate combination
{
return permutation(n, r) / factorial(r); //formula for combination
}
int factorial(int number) // to find factorial of a number
{
int fact = 1;
while(number > 0) //loop continues until value of number gets <=0
{
fact = fact *number;
number--;
}
return fact;
}
void par_input(int n, int r) //function to take input values
{
printf("Enter n: "); //prompts user to enter the value of n
scanf("%d", &n); //reads the value of n from user
printf("Enter r: "); ////prompts user to enter the value of r
scanf("%d", &r); //reads the value of r from user
//calls the combination and permutation methods to display results
printf("The permutation is = %d\n", permutation(n, r));
printf("The Combination is = %d", combination(n, r));
}
Explanation:
The main() function calls par_input() function. This function asks user to enter values of n and r and then calls permutation() and combination() methods to compute the combination and permutation using these input values. Lets say user enters n=3 and r=2The permutation() function computes and returns permutation using the following formula: n! / (n-r)! factorial(n) / factorial(n-r); This function calls factorial method which calculates the factorial of n and n-r.This function then returns the permutation.3! / (3-2)! = 3*2*1 / 1! = 6Next the combination() function computes and returns combination using the following formula: n! / r! * (n - r)!permutation(n, r) / factorial(r)This function calls permutation() and factorial() methods which calculate the combination of n and n-rThis function then returns the combination.3! / 2! * (3-2)! = 3*2*1 / 2*1 * 1 = 6 / 2 = 3 Factorial function computes and returns the factorial of n, r and n-r.Lets take n! When n=3 So this function computes factorial as follows:while loops checks if number>0 It is true as number is 3It multiplies 3 by fact. fact is initialized to 1 So1*3 = 3Then it decreases number=3 by 1 so number=2Now while loops checks if number>0 It is true as number is 2It multiplies 2 by fact. Value of fact is now 3 So3*2 = 6Then it decreases number=2 by 1 so number=1Now while loops checks if number>0 It is true as number is 1It multiplies 1 by fact. Value of fact is now 6 So6*1 = 6Then it decreases number=1 by 1 so number=0Now while loops checks if number>0 It is false as number is 0So the loop breaks and the value of fact is returned.As fact= 6 So factorial of n is 6.The output of the program is attached in the screen shot.
Choose two prime numbers p and q (these are your inputs). Suppose that you need to send a message to your friend, and you implement the RSA algorithm for secure key generation. You need public and private keys (these are your outputs). You are free to choose other parameters or inputs if you need any. Write a program for the RSA algorithm using any programing language you know (such as C++) to generate your public and private key.
Answer:
#include <iostream>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;
int findGcd(int x, int y) {
int t;
while(1) {
t= x%y;
if(t==0)
return y;
x = y;
y= t;
}
}
int main() {
int v1,v2,p,q,flag = 0;
cout<<"Please enter 1st prime number: ";
cin>>p;
v1 = p/2;
cout<<"Please enter 2nd prime number: ";
cin>>q;
v2 = q/2;
for(int i = 2; i <= v1; i++)
{
if(p%i == 0)
{
cout<<"The number is not prime";
flag = 1;
return 0 ;
}
}
for(int i = 2; i <= v1; i++)
{
if(q%i == 0)
{
cout<<"You entered a number which is not prime";
flag = 1;
return 0;
}
}
double n=p*q;
double tr;
double phi= (p-1)*(q-1);
double e=7;
if( flag == 0)
{
while(e<phi) {
tr = findGcd(e,phi);
if(tr==1)
break;
else
e++;
}
cout<<"public key: "<<e<<endl;
double d1=1/e;
double d=fmod(d1,phi);
cout<<"private key: "<<d<<endl;
double message;
cout<<"please enter a message: ";
cin>>message;
double cipher = pow(message,e);
double m = pow(cipher,d);
cipher = fmod(cipher,n);
m = fmod(m,n);
cout<<"Encrypted message: "<<cipher;
}
}
Explanation:
Find n = p*q and calculate phi = (p-1) * (q-1). Select a number e such that 1 < e < phi(n) and findGcd(e, phi(n)) = 1. Find d which is private key as d = e−1 (mod phi(n)).As m is original message so encrypt using, cipher = m*e mod n.Your friend is an intern at the local Department of Health and needs to prepare a report about the recent activity of the influenza virus. She has recorded the number of cases of each type of flu (A, B, and C) over the last several weeks. Write a C program that will calculate the total cases for each week, determine the level of activity for the week (low, moderate, or widespread) and print a report to a file, including a small bar chart for the weekly cases.
Answer:
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main(){
// Defining Variables
int no_of_weeks;
int total_cases = 0;
//Declaring Vector of Pair of Integer and string
std::vector<pair<int,string>> data;
// Taking Input for the Number of Weeks
cout<<"Enter No. of Weeks\n";
cin >> no_of_weeks;
// Running the Loop for no_of_weeks times
for(int i = 0; i < no_of_weeks ; i++){
int A,B,C;
// Taking Input for different types of flus
cout<<"Enter No. of Cases of Flu A, B, C for week" << i + 1 << " seperated by space : \n";
cin >> A >> B >>C;
// Adding all the cases in a week
int cases_in_a_week = A + B + C;
// Updating total cases
total_cases += cases_in_a_week;
// Declaring the level variable
string level;
// Updating the level of the week corresponding to each case
if(cases_in_a_week < 500) level = "Low";
else if(cases_in_a_week >= 500 && cases_in_a_week < 2000) level = "Moderate";
else level = "Widespread";
// Storing the Week's information by using a vector of pairs
// in which pair's first is the number of cases which is of type int
// while the second is the level of the flu which is of the type string
data.push_back(make_pair(cases_in_a_week,level));
}
// Linking the stdoutput to the flu_report.txt file
// this also creates the file with the same name if it doesn't exists
freopen("flu_report.txt", "w", stdout);
// Printing the respective output data with Bar Chart of stars for each level
for(int i = 0;i < no_of_weeks ; i++){
//printing the week no. and number of cases
cout<<i+1<<" "<<data[i].first<<" "<<data[i].second<<" |";
//calculating the number of stars
int stars = data[i].first/250;
//printing the stars of the bar chart
for(int j = 0; j < stars ; j++) cout<<"*";
cout<<endl;
}
//printing the total number of cases
cout<<total_cases;
}
Explanation:
Answer:
C code explained below
Explanation:
I have provided the proper commented code below.
I hope that you find the answer helpful.
CODE:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main(){
// Defining Variables
int no_of_weeks;
int total_cases = 0;
//Declaring Vector of Pair of Integer and string
std::vector<pair<int,string>> data;
// Taking Input for the Number of Weeks
cout<<"Enter No. of Weeks\n";
cin >> no_of_weeks;
// Running the Loop for no_of_weeks times
for(int i = 0; i < no_of_weeks ; i++){
int A,B,C;
// Taking Input for different types of flus
cout<<"Enter No. of Cases of Flu A, B, C for week" << i + 1 << " seperated by space : \n";
cin >> A >> B >>C;
// Adding all the cases in a week
int cases_in_a_week = A + B + C;
// Updating total cases
total_cases += cases_in_a_week;
// Declaring the level variable
string level;
// Updating the level of the week corresponding to each case
if(cases_in_a_week < 500) level = "Low";
else if(cases_in_a_week >= 500 && cases_in_a_week < 2000) level = "Moderate";
else level = "Widespread";
// Storing the Week's information by using a vector of pairs
// in which pair's first is the number of cases which is of type int
// while the second is the level of the flu which is of the type string
data.push_back(make_pair(cases_in_a_week,level));
}
// Linking the stdoutput to the flu_report.txt file
// this also creates the file with the same name if it doesn't exists
freopen("flu_report.txt", "w", stdout);
// Printing the respective output data with Bar Chart of stars for each level
for(int i = 0;i < no_of_weeks ; i++){
//printing the week no. and number of cases
cout<<i+1<<" "<<data[i].first<<" "<<data[i].second<<" |";
//calculating the number of stars
int stars = data[i].first/250;
//printing the stars of the bar chart
for(int j = 0; j < stars ; j++) cout<<"*";
cout<<endl;
}
//printing the total number of cases
cout<<total_cases;
}
A company ABC asked you to design a simple payroll program that calculates and employee's weekly gross pay, including any overtime wages. If employees work over 40 hours in a week, they will get 1.5 times of their regular hourly rate for all hours over 40. Your program asks the user to input hours worked for a week, regular hourly rate, and then display the weekly gross pay. Draw the Raptor flowchart to represent the logic of the problem. Name the Raptor flowchart file as lab5.rap. Output sample Enter weekly hours worked: 35 Enter hourly rate: 30 Weekly gross pay: $ 1050 Output sample Enter weekly hours worked: 50 Enter hourly rate: 30 Weekly gross pay: $ 1650
Answer:
C++.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int main() {
int weekly_hours = 0;
int hourly_rate;
float gross_pay = 0;
cout<<"Enter weekly hours worked: ";
cin>>weekly_hours;
cout<<"Enter hourly rate: ";
cin>>hourly_rate;
cout<<endl;
////////////////////////////////////////////////
if (weekly_hours > 40) {
gross_pay = (weekly_hours*hourly_rate) + ((weekly_hours*hourly_rate)*0.5);
}
else
gross_pay = weekly_hours*hourly_rate;
cout<<"Weekly gross pay: $"<<gross_pay;
////////////////////////////////////////////////
return 0;
}
When it comes to social media technologies and formal learning in the corporate environment, the only social media platform that can be used effectively for teaching and learning purposes is Twitter (Steer, 2015).
Ootions: TRUE OR FALSE
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: According to (Steer,2015) there are many platforms for learning and teaching purposes in corporate Organisations, they include PINTEREST,WIKI,GOOGLE+, LINKEDIN,TWITTER etc, The social media platforms are available for effective and efficient Communication and has been the main driving force for Businesses the world over.
These social media platforms have aided the growth and expansion of product marketing strategies and enhanced the over all business efficiency.
You are designing a write buffer between a write-through L1 cache and a write-back L2 cache. The L2 cache write data bus is 16 B wide and can perform a write to an independent cache address every 4 processor cycles.
a. How many bytes wide should each write buffer entry be?
b. What speedup could be expected in the steady state by using a merging write buffer instead of a non-merging buffer when zeroing memory by the execution of 64-bit stores if all other instructions could be issued in parallel with the stores and the blocks are present in the L2 cache?
c. What would be the effect of possible L1 misses on the number of required write buffer entries for systems with blocking and non-blocking caches?
Answer:
Clock 2.5GHz
L1 I cache 32KB, 8way, 64B line size, 4 cycle access latency
L1 Dcache write-back, write-allocate; MSHR with 0 (lockup
cache), 1, 2, and 64 (unconstrained non-blocking
cache) entries, write-back buffer with 16 entries
L2 cache 256KB, 8way, 64B line size, 10 cycle access latency
L3 cache 2MB per core, 64B line size, 36 cycle access latency
Memory DDR3-1600, 90 cycle access latency
Issue width 4
Instruction window size 36
ROB Size 128
Load Buffer Size 48
Store Buffer Size 32
b)
parallelism took this a step further by providing more parallelism and hence more
latency-hiding opportunities. It is likely that the use of instruction- and threadlevel
parallelism will be the primary tool to combat whatever memory delays are
encountered in modern multilevel cache systems.
that of the lockup cache setup (hit-under-0-miss). For the integer programs: the average performance
(measured as CPI) improvement is 7.08% for hit-under-1-miss, 8.36% for hit-under-2-misses, and 9.02%
for hit-under-64-misses (essentially the unconstraint non-blocking cache), compared to lockup cache. For
the floating point programs, the three numbers are 12.69%, 16.22%, and 17.76%, respectively
c)
Non-blocking caches are an effective technique for tolerating cache-miss latency. They can reduce
miss-induced processor stalls by buffering the misses and continuing to serve other independent access
requests. Previous research on the complexity and performance of non-blocking caches supporting
non-blocking loads showed they could achieve significant performance gains in comparison to blocking
caches. However, those experiments were performed with benchmarks that are now over a decade old.
Furthermore the processor that was simulated was a single-issue processor with unlimited run-ahead
capability, a perfect branch predictor, fixed 16-cycle memory latency, single-cycle latency for floating
point operations, and write-through and write-no-allocate caches. These assumptions are very different
from today's high performance out-of-order processors such as the Intel Nehalem. Thus, it is time to
re-evaluate the performance impact of non-blocking caches on practical out-of-order processors using
up-to-date benchmarks. In this study, we evaluate the impacts of non-blocking data caches using the latest
SPECCPU2006 benchmark suite on practical high performance out-of-order (OOO) processors.
Simulations show that a data cache that supports hit-under-2-misses can provide a 17.76% performance
gain for a typical high performance OOO processor running the SPECCPU 2006 benchmarks in
comparison to a similar machine with a blocking cache.
Explanation:
Chapter 4 is called Claimed Spaces: ""Preparatory Privilege"" and High School Computer Science. Explain two concepts from chapter 4 that create ‘claimed spaces’ (2-3 sentences). Describe an example from your own experience of a claimed space (2-3 sentences)
Answer: isolation, predominant gender.
Explanation:
Isolation some students felt they were not as smart as their peers and as such were afraid to make contributions because they didn't want to be rediculed by Their peers or tutors.
Predominant gender most calsses are dominated by a certain gender which makes the other gender harbour fears and insecurity
I had difficulty in maths in high school, was always afraid when in class to make contributions because i was insecure, if i had spoken up or met my tutors maybe i would have being better at it
Consider a point to point link 50 km in length. At what speed would propagation delay (at a speed 2 x 108 meters/second) equal transmit delay for 100 byte packets.
Answer:
The bandwidth is 3200 Kbps
Explanation:
Given:
The length of the point to point link = 50 km = 50×10³ = 50000 m
Speed of transmission = 2 × 10⁸ m/s
Therefore the propagation delay is the ratio of the length of the link to speed of transmission
Therefore, [tex]t_{prop} = \frac{distance}{speed}[/tex]
[tex]t_{prop} = \frac{50000}{2*10^{8} }=2.5*10^{-4}[/tex]
Therefore the propagation delay in 25 ms
100 byte = (100 × 8) bits
Transmission delay = [tex]\frac{(100*8)bits }{(x)bits/sec}[/tex]
If propagation delay is equal to transmission delay;
[tex]\frac{(100*8)bits }{(x)bits/sec}= \frac{50000}{2*10^{8} }[/tex]
[tex]x=\frac{100*8*2*10^{8} }{50000}[/tex]
[tex]x=\frac{100*8}{2.5*10 ^-4}=3200000[/tex]
x = 3200 Kbps
Answer:
The complete question is here:
Consider a point-to-point link 2 km in length. At what bandwidth would propagation delay (at a speed of 2 x 108 m/s) equal transmission delay for
(a) 100-byte packets?
(b) 512-byte packets?
Explanation:
Given:
Length of the link = 50 km
Propagation delay = distance/speed = d/s
To find:
At what speed would propagation delay (at a speed 2 x 10^8 meters/second) equal transmit delay for 100 byte packets?
Solution:
Propagation Delay = t prop
= 50 * 10^3 / 2 * 10^8
= 50000 / 200000000
= 0.00025
= 25 ms
(a) When propagation delay is equal to transmission delay for 100 packets:
Transmission Delay = packet length / data rate = L / R
So when,
Transmission Delay = Propagation Delay
100 * 8 / bits/sec = 50 * 10^3 / 2 * 10^8
Let y denotes the data rate in bit / sec
speed = bandwidth = y bits/sec
100 * 8 / y bits/sec = 50 * 10^3 / 2 * 10^8
y bit/sec = 100 * 8 / 25 * 10^ -5
= 800 / 0.00025
y = 3200000 bit/sec
y = 3200 Kbps
(b) 512-byte packets
512 * 8 / y bits/sec = 50 * 10^3 / 2 * 10^8
y bit/sec = 512 * 8 / 25 * 10^ -5
= 4096 / 0.00025
y = 16384000 bit/sec
y = 16384 Kbps
Define the body of the function read_data(filename). If filename is None, return the sentence (already defined for your), otherwise return the contents of the file (whose name is in the parameter filename). If there is any error during the opening or reading of the file, print out a warning and return sentence. If you haven't completed the lesson on Python local I/O, do so now.
Answer:
Answer explained
Explanation:
The main difference between parse_text_into_words( v1 and v2) is I have used splitlines also in v1 so the escape sequence '\n' will not be present in the list of words. while in v2 only split function is used so it will have '\n' present in words list.
Code:
def read_file(fileName = None):
try:
File = open(fileName,"r") # opening file in read mode
for row in File: # for each line in File
print(row,end="")
except IOError: # handling exception of file opening
print("Could not read file:",fileName)
def parse_text_into_words_v1(text):
list_words = []
list_lines = text.splitlines()
for i in list_lines:
list_words.extend(i.split(' '))
return list_words
def parse_text_into_words_v2(text):
list_words = []
list_words.extend(text.split(' '))
return list_words
def determine_difference(a_list,b_list):
print("first list:",a_list)
print("second list:",b_list)
a_set = set(a_list)
b_set = set(b_list)
diff = a_set - b_set
diff = list(diff)
print("\nDifference between 2 sets: ",diff)
if __name__ == '__main__':
print("Reading file using function read_file() to read \"data.txt\" :")
read_file("data.txt")
print("\n\n")
t = '''vhfhyh ghgggj ghchvjhvj'''
print("\nDemonstrating implementation of parse_text_into_words_v1:")
l = parse_text_into_words_v1(t) # calling function with text parameter
print("list of words:")
print(l)
print("\nDemonstrating implementation of parse_text_into_words_v2:")
b = parse_text_into_words_v2(t) # calling function with text parameter
print("list of words:")
print(b)
print("\nDemonstrating difference between two lists")
a_list = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
b_list = [2,4,6,8,10]
determine_difference(a_list,b_list) # passing two list to take difference
Write a function called name_facts that will take a firstname (string) as an input parameter, and print out various facts about the name, including:
1) its length, 2) whether it starts with the letter A, and 3) whether it contains a Z or X.
To gain full credit for this exercise, you must use string formatting to print out the result. Hints: You will probably want to convert the string to lowercase when checking conditions 2 and 3. You can get by without it, but you'll have to make sure you check both lower and uppercase versions of the letters. You will have to use the in operator for condition 3. You will also probably want to make a separate message for conditions 2 and 3 (depending on the answer) and use string formatting to join them into the final message.
Answer:
def name_facts(firstname):
print("Your name is",len(firstname),"letters long",end=", ")
if(firstname[0] == 'A'):
print("does start with the letter A",end=", ")
else:
print("does not start with the letter A", end=", ")
if(firstname.count('Z')>0 or firstname.count('X')>0):
print("and does not contain a Z or X")
else:
print("and does not contain a Z or X")
#Testing
name_facts("Allegra")
name_facts("Xander")
Explanation:
Answer:
// Comments are used for explanatory purpose
// Program starts here
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// Declare firstname
string firstname;
//Prompt to enter firstname
cout<<"What's your first name: ";
// Accept input
cin>>firstname;
// A. Get string's length
int length = firstname.length();
// Print length
cout<<"Length = "<<length<<endl;
// Copy string to chat array
char char_array[length + 1];
// copying the contents of the string to char array
strcpy(char_array, firstname.c_str());
// B. Check if it starts with letter A
if(char_array[0] == 'A')
{
cout<<"Your Firstname begins with letter A"<<endl;
}
else
{
cout<<"Your Firstname doesn't begin with letter A"<<endl;
}
// Check if it contains X or Z
int k = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if(char_array[i] == 'Z' || char_array[i] == 'X')
{
k++;
}
if(k == 0)
{cout<<"Your Firstname doesn't contain Z or X";}
else
{cout<<"Your Firstname contains Z or X";}
}
return 0;
}
Using a while loop, write a code that will continue to calculate the following equation until the solution gets to be above 100, x will start at zero. What is the final solution and how many iterations does it take to complete (prob05) as a row vector.
Answer:
prob05.m
clc
x=0;
sum=0;
iteration=0;
while (sum<100)
x=2*x+1;
sum=sum+x;
x=x+1;
iteration=iteration+1;
end
fprintf('total iteraton take to sum greater than 100 is %d and sum becomes %d\n',iteration,sum);
Explanation:
Once sales are forecasted, ________ must be generated to estimate required raw materials. A. a pro forma statement B. a production plan C. a cash budget
Answer:
Option B i.e., a production plan.
Explanation:
While sales are estimated, the manufacturing schedule for estimating the necessary raw materials should be produced.
So when the revenue is already estimated then at that time the manufacturing schedule should be produced approximately that raw material which is needed, so the following option is correct according to the scenario.
Option a is incorrect because it is not related to the following scenario.Option B is incorrect because in the above statement, it is not mentioned or related to the budget plan.Using the following code, answer the following questions
1. #pragma omp parallel
2.{
3. id-omp-get thread num();
4. numThreads- omp_get num threads0
5, printf("Hello from thread %d of %din", id, numThreads);
6.}
a. What is the output of the above program in PI 3 B+? .
b. What does the statement at line 1 mean?
c. How to compile the following code (executable should not be /a out)?
d. What does the statement at line 4 (after the equal sign) mean?
Answer:
Answer explained
Explanation:
as PI 3 B+ is quadcore processor(i.e. 4 cores)
omp_get_thread_num() is used for getting thread number.(i.e. 0,1,2,3)
omp_get_num_threads() is used for getting number of threads.(i.e. 4)
1. Output should be,
Hello from thread 0 of 4
Hello from thread 1 of 4
Hello from thread 2 of 4
Hello from thread 3 of 4
2. #pragma omp parallel is used to fork(create child) additional threads to carry out the work enclosed in the construct in parallel.
3. We can Compile this code using,
gcc -o omp_helloc -fopenmp hello.c
4. We can Run this code using,
./hello
5.omp_get_num_threads() is used for getting number of threads.(i.e. 4)
Write a test program that creates two Rectangle objects—one with width 4 and height 40 and the other with width 3.5 and height 35.7. Display the width, height, area, and perimeter of each rectangle in this order.
Answer:
public class Rectangle {
private double width;
private double heigth;
public Rectangle(double width, double heigth) {
this.width = width;
this.heigth = heigth;
}
public double getWidth() {
return width;
}
public void setWidth(double width) {
this.width = width;
}
public double getHeigth() {
return heigth;
}
public void setHeigth(double heigth) {
this.heigth = heigth;
}
public double perimeter(double width, double heigth){
double peri = 2*(width+heigth);
return peri;
}
public double area(double width, double heigth){
double area = width*heigth;
return area;
}
}
class RectangleTest{
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Creating two Rectangle objects
Rectangle rectangle1 = new Rectangle(4,40);
Rectangle rectangle2 = new Rectangle(3.5, 35.7);
//Calling methods on the first Rectangel objects
System.out.println("The Height of Rectangle 1 is: "+rectangle1.getHeigth());
System.out.println("The Width of Rectangle 1 is: "+rectangle1.getWidth());
System.out.println("The Perimeter of Rectangle 1 is: "+rectangle1.perimeter(4,40));
System.out.println("The Area of Rectangle 1 is: "+rectangle1.area(4,40));
// Second Rectangle object
System.out.println("The Height of Rectangle 2 is: "+rectangle2.getHeigth());
System.out.println("The Width of Rectangle 2 is: "+rectangle2.getWidth());
System.out.println("The Perimeter of Rectangle 2 is: "+rectangle2.perimeter(4,40));
System.out.println("The Area of Rectangle 2 is: "+rectangle2.area(4,40));
}
}
Explanation:
Firstly A Rectangle class is created with two fields for width and heigth, a constructor and getters and setters the class also has methods for finding area and perimetersThen a RectangleTest class containing a main method is created and two Rectangle objects are created (Follow teh comments in the code)Methods to get height, width, area and perimeter are called on each rectangle object to print the appropriate valueg The machine in the problem has a byte-addressable memory of 216 bytes. The direct-mapped cache consists of 32 cache blocks, and the cache block size is 8 bytes. Question 1 How is the 16-bit memory address divided into byte offset, cache index, and tag? Question 2 What is the capacity of the cache in bytes? Question 3 Why tag is also stored in the cache? Question 4 For the following four memory addresses, what cache block would each be mapped to? 0001 0001 0001 1011 1100 0011 0011 0100 1101 0000 0001 1101 1010 1010 1010 1010
Final answer:
The 16-bit memory address is divided into 3 bits for byte offset, 5 bits for cache index, and 8 bits for tag. The direct-mapped cache has a capacity of 256 bytes. Tags in the cache help in verifying the data's integrity for proper retrieval, and the specific block each address maps to has been calculated based on the cache index.
Explanation:
Direct-Mapped Cache Addressing
To answer your questions regarding the direct-mapped cache and addressing, we must first divide the 16-bit memory address into three parts: byte offset, cache index, and tag.
Question 1: The memory address is divided as follows:
Byte offset (needed to select one byte from the 8-byte cache block): 3 bits
Cache index (to select one cache block from the 32 blocks): 5 bits
Tag (remaining bits after removing index and offset): 8 bits
Question 2: The capacity of the cache is the product of the number of cache blocks and the size of each block, which is 32 blocks × 8 bytes/block = 256 bytes.
Question 3: The tag is stored in the cache to identify which block of memory is currently stored in a cache line. It ensures the correct data is retrieved.
For the given memory addresses, the cache block they would be mapped to is as follows:
0001 0001 0001 1011 - Cache Block: 3
1100 0011 0011 0100 - Cache Block: 20
1101 0000 0001 1101 - Cache Block: 29
1010 1010 1010 1010 - Cache Block: 10
Note that we are using block numbers starting from 0.
The ______ network became functional in 1969, linking scientific and academic researchers across the United States. Group of answer choices ARPANET NETAMERICA INTRANET AMERINET
Answer:
The ARPANET network became functional in 1969, linking scientific and academic researchers across the United States.
Explanation:
ARPA Net is the network that has become functional in 1969 in united States. The basic purpose of this network is to link all the researchers and scientists across united states. The full form of ARPANet is Advanced Research Project Agency Network.
The importance of this network is increase because small chunks of data that are called packets has been proposed for data transmission in the network. The data is divided into small packets and send it over the network, at destination point these packets are combined together and become orignal information.
Create a C# GUI Windows Form application named JobDemo that declares and uses Job objects. The Job class holds job information for a home repair service. The class has five properties that include a job number, customer name, job description, estimated hours, and price for the job. Create a constructor that requires parameters for all the data except price. Include auto-implemented properties for the job number, customer name, and job description, but not for hours or price; the price field value is calculated as estimated hours times $45.00 whenever the hours value is set.
Also create the following for the class:
An Equals() method that determines two Jobs are equal if they have the same job number A ToString() method that returns a string containing all job information
The JobDemo Windows Form declares a few Job objects, sets their values, and demonstrates that all the methods work as expected.
Using the Job class you created in (a), write a new application named JobDemo2 that creates an array of five Job objects. Prompt the user for values for each Job. Do not allow duplicate job numbers; force the user to reenter the job when a duplicate job number is entered. When five valid objects have been entered (use List), display them all, plus a total of all prices.
Create a RushJob class that derives from Job. A RushJob has a $150.00 premium that is added to the normal price of the job. Override any methods in the parent class as necessary. Create a new Windows Form named JobDemo3 that creates an a List of five RushJobs. Prompt the user for values for each, and do not allow duplicates
Create a RushJob class that derives from Job. A RushJob has a $150.00 premium that is added to the normal price of the job. Override any methods in the parent class as necessary. Write a new Windows Form named JobDemo3 that creates a List of five RushJobs. Prompt the user for values for each, and do not allow duplicate job numbers. When five valid RushJob objects have been entered, display them all, plus a total of all prices. Make any necessary modifications to the RushJob class so that it can be sorted by job number.
Here's the implementation for the requested tasks:
### Job Class
```csharp
using System;
public class Job
{
private static int nextJobNumber = 1;
public int JobNumber { get; }
public string CustomerName { get; set; }
public string JobDescription { get; set; }
public double EstimatedHours { get; set; }
public double Price => EstimatedHours * 45.00;
public Job(string customerName, string jobDescription, double estimatedHours)
{
JobNumber = nextJobNumber++;
CustomerName = customerName;
JobDescription = jobDescription;
EstimatedHours = estimatedHours;
}
public override bool Equals(object obj)
{
if (obj == null || GetType() != obj.GetType())
{
return false;
}
Job otherJob = (Job)obj;
return JobNumber == otherJob.JobNumber;
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return JobNumber.GetHashCode();
}
public override string ToString()
{
return $"Job Number: {JobNumber}, Customer Name: {CustomerName}, Job Description: {JobDescription}, Estimated Hours: {EstimatedHours}, Price: {Price:C}";
}
}
```
### JobDemo Form
```csharp
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace JobDemo
{
public partial class JobDemoForm : Form
{
private List<Job> jobs = new List<Job>();
public JobDemoForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void addButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string customerName = customerNameTextBox.Text;
string jobDescription = jobDescriptionTextBox.Text;
double estimatedHours;
if (double.TryParse(estimatedHoursTextBox.Text, out estimatedHours))
{
Job job = new Job(customerName, jobDescription, estimatedHours);
if (!jobs.Contains(job))
{
jobs.Add(job);
outputListBox.Items.Add(job.ToString());
totalLabel.Text = $"Total: {CalculateTotal():C}";
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("Duplicate job number. Please enter a unique job number.");
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("Invalid estimated hours. Please enter a valid number.");
}
}
private double CalculateTotal()
{
double total = 0;
foreach (var job in jobs)
{
total += job.Price;
}
return total;
}
}
}
```
### RushJob Class
```csharp
public class RushJob : Job, IComparable<RushJob>
{
private const double RushJobPremium = 150.00;
public RushJob(string customerName, string jobDescription, double estimatedHours)
: base(customerName, jobDescription, estimatedHours)
{
}
public override double Price => base.Price + RushJobPremium;
public int CompareTo(RushJob other)
{
return JobNumber.CompareTo(other.JobNumber);
}
}
```
### JobDemo3 Form
```csharp
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace JobDemo
{
public partial class JobDemo3Form : Form
{
private List<RushJob> rushJobs = new List<RushJob>();
public JobDemo3Form()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void addButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string customerName = customerNameTextBox.Text;
string jobDescription = jobDescriptionTextBox.Text;
double estimatedHours;
if (double.TryParse(estimatedHoursTextBox.Text, out estimatedHours))
{
RushJob rushJob = new RushJob(customerName, jobDescription, estimatedHours);
if (!rushJobs.Any(rj => rj.JobNumber == rushJob.JobNumber))
{
rushJobs.Add(rushJob);
outputListBox.Items.Add(rushJob.ToString());
totalLabel.Text = $"Total: {CalculateTotal():C}";
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("Duplicate job number. Please enter a unique job number.");
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("Invalid estimated hours. Please enter a valid number.");
}
}
private double CalculateTotal()
{
double total = 0;
foreach (var rushJob in rushJobs)
{
total += rushJob.Price;
}
return total;
}
}
}
This code should fulfill the requirements you've specified. Let me know if you need further assistance!
What term is defined as a private data placed in a packet with a header containing routing information that allows the data to travel across a network, such as the Internet?
Answer:
Data encapsulation
Explanation:
When we send data to someone else across another network, this data travels down a stack of layers of the TCP/IP model. Each layer of the TCP/IP layer encapsulates data or hides the data by adding headers and sometimes trailers. This packaging is what is known as data encapsulation. The data starts at the application layer and trickles down beneath. As it moves down the layers, it is encoded or compressed to a standard format and sometimes encrypted for security purposes.
Which of the following statement is true?
a. the MAC address cannot be spoofed
b. the IP address can be spoofed, so if you want to read response from the deceived party, you can use
c. IP spoofing to hide yourself IP spoofing can be used for denial of service attack
d. IP spoofing can be prevented or detected by switches
Answer:
b. the IP address can be spoofed, so if you want to read response from the deceived party, you can use IP spoofing to hide yourself.
Explanation:
Write a for loop to print all elements in courseGrades, following each element with a space (including the last). Print forwards, then backwards. End each loop with a newline. Ex: If courseGrades = {7, 9, 11, 10}, print:
7 9 11 10
10 11 9 7
Hint: Use two for loops. Second loop starts with i = NUM_VALS - 1.
Note: These activities may test code with different test values. This activity will perform two tests, the first with a 4-element array (int courseGrades[4]), the second with a 2-element array (int courseGrades[2]). See How to Use zyBooks.
Also note: If the submitted code tries to access an invalid array element, such as courseGrades[9] for a 4-element array, the test may generate strange results. Or the test may crash and report "Program end never reached", in which case the system doesn't print the test case that caused the reported message.
code:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class CourseGradePrinter {
public static void main (String [] args) {
final int NUM_VALS = 4;
int[] courseGrades = new int[NUM_VALS];
int i = 0;
courseGrades[0] = 7;
courseGrades[1] = 9;
courseGrades[2] = 11;
courseGrades[3] = 10;
return;
}
}
Answer:
Java code explained below
Explanation:
CourseGradePrinter.java
import java.util.Scanner;
public class CourseGradePrinter {
public static void main (String [] args) {
final int NUM_VALS = 4;
int[] courseGrades = new int[NUM_VALS];
int i = 0;
courseGrades[0] = 7;
courseGrades[1] = 9;
courseGrades[2] = 11;
courseGrades[3] = 10;
for(i=0; i<NUM_VALS; i++){
System.out.print(courseGrades[i]+" ");
}
System.out.println();
for(i=NUM_VALS-1; i>=0; i--){
System.out.print(courseGrades[i]+" ");
}
return;
}
}
Output:
7 9 11 10
10 11 9 7
Write a SELECT statement that returns two columns based on the Vendors table. The first column, Contact, is the vendor contact name in this format: first name followed by last initial (for example, "John S.") The second column, Phone, is the VendorPhone column without the area code. Only return rows for those vendors in the 559 area code. Sort the result set by first name, then last name.
The answer & explanation for this question is given in the attachment below.
The SQL query selects vendor contacts' first names followed by last initials and phone numbers without area codes from the Vendors table. It filters vendors with the 559 area code and sorts results alphabetically by first name and last name.
Below is the SQL SELECT statement that fulfills your requirements:
```sql
SELECT
CONCAT(SUBSTRING_INDEX(ContactName, ' ', 1), ' ', LEFT(SUBSTRING_INDEX(ContactName, ' ', -1), 1), '.') AS Contact,
SUBSTRING(VendorPhone, 5) AS Phone
FROM
Vendors
WHERE
VendorPhone LIKE '559%'
ORDER BY
SUBSTRING_INDEX(ContactName, ' ', 1),
SUBSTRING_INDEX(ContactName, ' ', -1);
```
This query selects the ContactName column from the Vendors table, concatenates the first name and the first letter of the last name, followed by a period, to create the Contact column.
It then extracts the phone number without the area code from the VendorPhone column and stores it in the Phone column.
Finally, it filters the results to include only vendors with the 559 area code and sorts the result set by first name and last name.
Design the logic and write the Java code that will use assignment statements to: Calculate the profit (profit) as the retail price minus the wholesale price Calculate the sale price (salePrice) as 25 percent deducted from the retail price Calculate the sale profit (saleProfit) as the sale price minus the wholesale price.
Answer:
Logic:
profit = retailPrice - wholeSalePrice
salePrice = retailPrice - (0.25 * retailPrice)
saleProfit = salePrice - wholeSalePrice
Java code:
double retailPrice, wholeSalePrice;
double profit = retailPrice - wholeSalePrice;
double salePrice = retailPrice - (0.25 * retailPrice);
double saleProfit = salePrice - wholeSalePrice;
Explanation:
The logic just represented the words in equation format. That is, profit is retailPrice minus wholesaleprice.
SalePrice is 25% deducted from retail price.
SaleProfit is saleprice minus wholesaleprice.
The whole logic is then represented in Java assignment statement using type double.
Consider the following code: // Linked Lists: TRAVERSE
struct ListNode { int data; struct ListNode *next; };
Assume that a linked list has been created and head points to a sentinel node. A sentinel node is an empty data node in the beginning of the list. It sometimes holds a sentinel value. The use of sentinel nodes is a popular trick to simplify the insert and delete operations.
You may also assume that the list is not empty. Each node in the list contains an integer representing a digit in a number. The data in the sentinel node is -1.
For instance, n = 234 will be stored as {-1, 4, 3, 2} in the linked list.
Write a function based on the list traversal named computeNumFromList that is passed the pointer to the first node in the list, it prints the digits in the list one per line, and it returns a long integer, the number calculated from its digits in the list (234 see the above example). You may assume that long int will hold the converted number (no need to check for numeric overflow).
Answer:
See attached file for detailed code.
Explanation:
See attached file.
Write a Python program to: ask the user to enter the price of an item. Note: use a while loop to check the validity of the price and, if the user enters a price less than or equal to zero, to prompt for a valid price. Prompt the user for the quantity being purchased. If the quantity is ten or greater, apply a discount of 5 percent. (.95*price*quantity).
Answer:
Hi there Tonyhh! Please find the implementation below.
Explanation:
You can save the below code in a file called "price_discount.py". The code is implemented in python 2.0+. To make it work in Python 3.0+, simply update the code to use "input" rather than "raw_input".
price_discount.py
def calculate_discount(price, quantity):
total = 0.95 * price * quantity;
return total;
price = raw_input("Enter a price: ");
try:
price = int(price);
while price <= 0:
print("Input a valid number: ")
price = raw_input("Enter a price: ");
quantity = raw_input("Enter a quantity: ");
try:
quantity = int(quantity);
if quantity >= 10:
print(calculate_discount(price, quantity));
except ValueError:
print("Invalid quantity!")
except ValueError:
print("Invalid input!");
price = -1;
Write a program that declares constants to represent the number of inches, feet, and yards in a mile. Name the constants INCHES_IN_MILE, FEET_IN_MILE, and YARDS_IN_MILE respectively. Also declare a variable named miles to represent a number of miles. Compute and display, with explanatory text, the value in inches, feet, and yards—for example: 4.0 miles is 253440.0 inches, or 21120.0 feet, or 7040.0 yards
Answer:
The cpp program for conversion is given below.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
// declaring and initializing constant variables with standard values
const double INCHES_IN_MILE=63360;
const double FEET_IN_MILE=5280;
const double YARDS_IN_MILE=1760;
// declaring and initializing miles with a random value
double miles=4.0;
// declaring and computing inches in miles
double inch = INCHES_IN_MILE*miles;
// declaring and computing feet in miles
double feet = FEET_IN_MILE*miles;
// declaring and computing yards in miles
double yard = YARDS_IN_MILE*miles;
// displaying all the calculated values
std::cout<<miles<<" miles is "<<inch<<" inches"<<std::endl;
std::cout<<miles<<" miles is "<<feet<<" feet"<<std::endl;
std::cout<<miles<<" miles is "<<yard<<" yards"<<std::endl;
return 0;
}
OUTPUT
4 miles is 253440 inches
4 miles is 21120 feet
4 miles is 7040 yards
Explanation:
The steps in the program are as described.
1. All the three constant variables, mentioned in the question, are declared as double and initialized. These variables hold the fixed conversion values for inches, feet and yards in one mile.
2. The variables are declared constant using the keyword, const.
3. The variable to hold value for mile, miles, is declared as double and initialized with a random value.
4. Next, three more variables are declared as double. These variables will hold the calculated values for inches, feet and yards in the given value of mile.
5. The values are calculated for inches, feet and yards for the given value of variable, miles and stored in the variables mentioned in step 3.
6. These values are displayed to the console along with explanations.
7. The program ends with the return statement.
8. The value of variable, miles, is hard coded in the program and not taken from the user.
9. There is no interaction with the user in this program as this is not mentioned in the question.
10. The program works for all numeric value of the variable, miles, since double accepts integers also.
11. The program can be tested by changing the value of variable, miles.
Write a Python function powerSet() that takes in a finite list object A and returns P(A), the power set of A. The output should be only in the form of list objects. Note: Make sure you are familiar with some of Python's basic built-in list functions and operators, as they will make completing this problem far easier. For example:
Answer:
#Code segment is written in Python Programming Language
#define Powerset(A)
def Powerset(A):
#Calculate length
Length = len(A)
#iterate through A
masks = [1 << count for count in range(A)]
for count in range(1 << Length):
yield [xy for mask, xy in zip(masks, A) if count & mask]
#Print Powerset
print(list(powerset([1,2,3])))
Explanation:
Line 1 defines the powerset
Line 2 calculates the length
Line 3 gets a range of the power set from 1 to the last
Line 4 checks if the iteration variable is still within range
Line 5 generates the Powerset
The essence of using the yield keyword is to ensure that one do not need to calculate all results in a single piece of memory.
Line 6 is to do the test code.
convert the following c code to mips. assume the address of base array is associated with $s0, n is associated with $s1, position is associated with $t0, c is associated with $t1, d is associated with $t2, and swap is associated with $t3 for (c
Answer:
Explanation:
hello we will follow a step by step process for this code, i hope you find it easy.
Mips Equivalent code:
sw $0,0($fp)
.L7:
lw $2,12($fp)
addiu $2,$2,-1
lw $3,0($fp)
slt $2,$3,$2
beq $2,$0,.L2
nop
lw $2,0($fp)
sw $2,8($fp)
lw $2,0($fp)
addiu $2,$2,1
sw $2,4($fp)
.L5:
lw $3,4($fp)
lw $2,12($fp)
slt $2,$3,$2
beq $2,$0,.L3
nop
lw $2,8($fp)
dsll $2,$2,2
daddu $2,$fp,$2
lw $3,24($2)
lw $2,4($fp)
dsll $2,$2,2
daddu $2,$fp,$2
lw $2,24($2)
slt $2,$2,$3
beq $2,$0,.L4
nop
lw $2,4($fp)
sw $2,8($fp)
.L4:
lw $2,4($fp)
addiu $2,$2,1
sw $2,4($fp)
b .L5
nop
.L3:
lw $3,8($fp)
lw $2,0($fp)
beq $3,$2,.L6
nop
lw $2,0($fp)
dsll $2,$2,2
daddu $2,$fp,$2
lw $2,24($2)
sw $2,16($fp)
lw $2,8($fp)
dsll $2,$2,2
daddu $2,$fp,$2
lw $3,24($2)
lw $2,0($fp)
dsll $2,$2,2
daddu $2,$fp,$2
sw $3,24($2)
lw $2,8($fp)
dsll $2,$2,2
daddu $2,$fp,$2
lw $3,16($fp)
sw $3,24($2)
.L6:
lw $2,0($fp)
addiu $2,$2,1
sw $2,0($fp)
b .L7
nop
cheers i hope this helps
Convert C code to MIPS assembly using registers for array operations and loops, implementing selection sort for efficient sorting of array elements.
To convert the given C code snippet to MIPS assembly, we need to translate each part of the algorithm into MIPS instructions while considering the provided register assignments.
1. Initialization:
-Registers: `$s0` holds the base address of the array, `$s1` holds `n`, `$t0` holds `position`, `$t1` holds `c`, `$t2` holds `d`, and `$t3` holds `swap`.
2. Outer Loop (`for c`):
- Use a label (`outer_loop`) to mark the start of the outer loop.
- Initialize `c` to `0` and check if `c < n - 1`.
- Increment `c` after each iteration.
3. Inner Loop (`for d`):
- Inside the outer loop, set `position` to `c`.
- Use another label (`inner_loop`) to mark the start of the inner loop.
- Initialize `d` to `c + 1` and check if `d < n`.
- Compare `array[position]` with `array[d]` and update `position` if `array[d]` is smaller.
4.Swap Condition:
- After the inner loop, check if `position` is not equal to `c`.
- If true, swap `array[c]` and `array[position]` using `$t3` (`swap`) as a temporary register.
5. Assembly Code:
assembly
# Register assignments:
# $s0 - base address of array
# $s1 - n
# $t0 - position
# $t1 - c
# $t2 - d
# $t3 - swap
# Outer loop (for c)
li $t1, 0 # c = 0
outer_loop:
blt $t1, $s1, end_outer_loop # if c >= n, exit outer loop
# Inner loop (for d)
move $t0, $t1 # position = c
addi $t2, $t1, 1 # d = c + 1
inner_loop:
blt $t2, $s1, end_inner_loop # if d >= n, exit inner loop
# Load array[position] and array[d]
lw $t4, 0($s0) # $t4 = array[position]
lw $t5, 0($s0)($t2) # $t5 = array[d]
# Compare array[position] > array[d]
bgt $t4, $t5, update_position
j next_iteration_inner_loop
update_position:
move $t0, $t2 # position = d
next_iteration_inner_loop:
addi $t2, $t2, 1 # d++
j inner_loop
end_inner_loop:
# Swap if position != c
bne $t0, $t1, swap_elements
j next_iteration_outer_loop
swap_elements:
lw $t3, 0($s0)($t1) # $t3 = array[c]
lw $t4, 0($s0)($t0) # $t4 = array[position]
# Swap array[c] and array[position]
sw $t4, 0($s0)($t1) # array[c] = array[position]
sw $t3, 0($s0)($t0) # array[position] = swap
next_iteration_outer_loop:
addi $t1, $t1, 1 # c++
j outer_loop
end_outer_loop:
- Explanation: The MIPS assembly code mirrors the logic of the C code by using load (`lw`) and store (`sw`) instructions to access array elements, branches (`bgt`, `bne`, `blt`) for conditional logic, and loops (`j`) to control flow. It effectively implements the selection sort algorithm to sort the array in ascending order.
- Efficiency: This implementation efficiently sorts the array in-place using O(n^2) time complexity, suitable for moderately sized arrays given the constraints of MIPS architecture.
Complete Question;
convert the following c code to mips. assume the address of base array is associated with $s0, n is associated with $s1, position is associated with $t0, c is associated with $t1, d is associated with $t2, and swap is associated with $t3 for
for ( c = 0 c < (n - 1) c++)
{
position = c
for ( d = c + 1 d < n d ++)
{ if (array[position] > array[d])
position = d
}
if (position != c)
{
swap array[c];
array[c] = array[position];
array[position] = swap;
}
}