Answer: A voluntary response sample
Explanation: this is a case in which listeners to the show who cared enough about the issue to make the effort to call in were chosen.
Talk show presenter "Bull" Loney invited his listeners to call in and share their thoughts on a topic he had just spent the majority of his broadcast screaming about. The station received 384 calls.This is an example of convenience sample.
A convenience sample is a non-probability sampling method where the selection of participants is based on convenience or availability. In this case, the host asked listeners of his show to call in and share their opinions on a topic. The individuals who chose to call in and participate in the discussion constituted the sample.
The main characteristic of a convenience sample is that it may not represent the entire population accurately because it relies on the individuals who are easily accessible or willing to participate.
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Among the reasons socialism never developed into a political movement in the United States was that trade unions _________.
secured workers’ rights
guaranteed health care
broke up monopolies
diversified the workforce
Answer: the correct answer is secured worker's rights.
Explanation: Among the reasons socialism never developed into a political movement in the United States was that trade unions secured workers’ rights .
Final answer:
Trade unions in the United States were successful in securing workers' rights, which diminished the need for a socialist movement. They provided protection and collective bargaining, leading to improved working conditions within a capitalist framework, reducing the appeal for a shift towards socialism.
Explanation:
Among the reasons socialism never developed into a significant political movement in the United States is that the success of trade unions and the government in securing workers' rights reduced the perceived need for socialism. Unions provided protection and bargaining power for workers, leading to improved conditions and wages without the necessity of a socialist framework. The passage of laws improving workers' rights made many workers feel less need for unions, and thus less need for the socialist ideologies that were often associated with union organization and activism.
As unions grew in strength, especially during periods like the Progressive Era and under the administration of Franklin Roosevelt, they were able to achieve many of the goals that would be similar to a socialist agenda, such as better pay and safer working conditions. This process diminished the appeal of socialism as a separate political movement, because the workforce was already experiencing improvements within a capitalist framework.
The measure that compares the number of men to women in a population is ______.
cohort
sex ratio
baby boomer
disengagement
Answer: Sex ratio
Explanation: The sex ratio or the gender ratio, as some argue, because according to some scientists these two terms are not interchangeable, is the ratio between the number of men and the number of women in the population. This ratio varies and depends on the type of society, i.e. it depends on economic, social, cultural, biological and technological conditions. The ratio of genders in the population, that is, the number of men and women can be affected by migration, higher mortality in some of the gender, as well as the average length of the life of the genders.
The measure comparing the number of men to women in a population is the sex ratio, a key demographic statistic that reflects the balance between males and females, influenced by various biological, social, and economic factors.
The measure that compares the number of men to women in a population is the sex ratio. The sex ratio is a demographic statistic used to describe the balance between males and females in a given population, typically expressed as the number of males for every 100 females. A low sex ratio indicates there are fewer than 100 males for every 100 females, while a high sex ratio suggests there are more than 100 males for every 100 females. This ratio helps understand population dynamics, influences of gender roles, economic decisions, and even the impacts of government policies on population compositions. Globally, more males are born than females, but due to higher mortality rates among males, the ratio can vary significantly across different regions. Factors affecting the sex ratio include infant mortality rates, males' higher exposure to risky behaviors, and the natural longevity of females in comparison to males.
Key predictors for student success include ____________.
how many school-age siblings the student has
socioeconomic status and family background
the age of the student when she or he enters kindergarten
how many students attend the school
Key predictors for student success include socioeconomic status and family background.
Answer:
socioeconomic status and family background
Explanation:
Key predictors of student success include socioeconomic status and family background. This is because students in precarious socioeconomic situations cannot devote themselves solely to their academic activities, because they often need to help the family survive economically, many of these students even have to drop out of school to help the family. The same is not true of students of good socioeconomic status, as they have the privilege of devoting themselves solely to studies.
Similarly, family background is also considered a key predictor of student success, since once only the elite of society had access to education, this elite encouraged their descendants to study with great dedication and become influential family antecedents to this day. Those who do not have this elite as a family background came from a family that always had to fight to survive and ended up leaving their studies.
Which country serves as an example of convergence?
Singapore
North Korea
England
Canada
Singapore serves as an example of convergence.
Singapore is used as a model for convergence. Thus option (A) is correct
What is convergence?The process of convergent movement, particularly toward union or homogeneity. the point where the three rivers converge. in particular: coordinated movement of the two eyes to generate the image of a single point on comparable retinal regions
The convergence thesis contends that as product and financial markets become more integrated globally, national economies become more homogenized, or less dispersed or variable. Two methods are hypothesized to produce convergence as a result of product market integration.
Like the convergence of plum and apricot DNA in the plucot, convergence is the joining of two or more things to create a new whole. Convergence is derived from the verb verge, which means to turn toward, and the prefix con-, which means together.
Therefore, Thus option (A) is correct.
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Characteristics considered typical of a “difficult” child vary from one culture to another. For example, Nanta of the Masai tribe would consider a quiet and shy infant “difficult” to care for in her society. In Japan, Akiko considers her demanding, highly energetic, son “difficult.” This cultural difference can best be explained by which of the following? a.heritability b. cultural character c. goodness-of-fit d. adaptability
The correct answer is C. Goodness-of-fit
Explanation:
In psychology and culture, the concept "goodness-of-fit" refers to the compatibility or lack of compatibility between the values, expectations or features of an environment or culture and an individual personality or temperament. This also determines the adaptation of the individual to its context and affects the emotional aspects of an individual because if the individual behavior and traits differ from the one expected in his context rejection occurs. This concept is the one that explains the situation presented because in this each child is not compatible with its context and therefore does not fit but if they could change their context they would fit. Also, goodness-of-fit explains this situation because it shows in each environment there are values and behaviors and individuals can fit into them and adapt to their context or on the opposite experience rejection.
The concept of goodness-of-fit explains cultural differences in what is considered a 'difficult' child. It refers to the match between a child's temperament and cultural expectations. Therefore, option c, goodness-of-fit, is correct.
Goodness-of-fit refers to how well a child's temperament matches the expectations and norms of their cultural environment.Nanta of the Masai tribe finds a quiet and shy infant difficult because these traits do not align well with her community's expectations, where more active engagement is valued.Conversely, in Japan, Akiko considers her highly energetic and demanding son difficult because Japanese culture may value calmness and restraint in children.Thus, what is considered "difficult" varies significantly based on cultural norms and values.Complete Question:
Characteristics considered typical of a “difficult” child vary from one culture to another. For example, Nanta of the Masai tribe would consider a quiet and shy infant “difficult” to care for in her society. In Japan, Akiko considers her demanding, highly energetic son “difficult.” This cultural difference can best be explained by which of the following?
a. heritability
b. cultural character
c. goodness-of-fit
d. adaptability
Which of the following policies is an example of a command-and-control policy? a. subsidies to education b. maximum levels of pollution that factories may emit c. tradable pollution permits d. None of the above is an example of a command-and-control policy.
Answer:
B. maximum levels of pollution that factories may emit
Explanation:
Command and control policy refers to a type of policy that create some sort of limitation to a certain action in order to avoid negative consequences on national level.
Creating maximum levels of pollution WILL LIMIT the amount of waste that the companies could produce and force them to actually make effort to manage their waste and protect the environment.
Final answer:
The command-and-control policy example among the options is b. maximum levels of pollution that factories may emit, which involves setting specific limits for pollution emissions and mandates on pollution-control technologies.
Explanation:
Of the options given, b. maximum levels of pollution that factories may emit is an example of a command-and-control policy. These types of policies set specific limits for pollution emissions and require specific pollution-control technologies to be used by firms. They are designed to protect the environment by directly regulating the amount and type of pollution that is allowed.
Command-and-control approaches to pollution specify how much pollution a particular polluter can emit, or particular pollution-abatement technologies firms must adopt. For example, regulations around Nitrous Oxide (NOx) emissions prescribe how much NOx vehicles can emit. This direct regulatory approach is a form of command-and-control policy.
Other examples of command-and-control regulation include laws that require the installation of certain equipment on automobile tailpipes or on smokestacks to reduce pollution, and government requirements like those for auto companies to improve car emissions by a certain date.
Let’s consider the effects of inflation in an economy composed of only two people: Bob, a bean farmer, and Rita, a rice farmer. Bob and Rita both always consume equal amounts of rice and beans. In 2016, the price of beans was $1 and the price of rice was $3.
Answer:
100% better off worsw off -12.5 better of worse off the relative price of rice and beans
Hello. This question is incomplete. The complete question would be:
"Let's consider the effects of inflation in an economy composed of only two people: Bob, a bean farmer, and Rita, a rice farmer. Bob and Rita both always consume equal amounts of rice and beans. In 2013, the price of beans was $1, and the price of rice was $3.
Suppose that in 2014 the price of beans was $2 and the price of rice was $6.
Inflation was ..."
Answer:
Inflation was 100%
Explanation:
Inflation is the persistent and widespread increase in price value. When inflation reaches zero we say that there has been price stability.
In other words, we can say that inflation is the rise in the prices of goods and services. It implies a decrease in the purchasing power of money. Inflation is measured by price indices, so we can say that if in 2013 the price of beans was $ 1 and the price of rice was $ 3, but in 2014 the price of beans increased to $ 4 and the price rice increased to $ 6, we can say that there was inflation of 100% of the price indices of these products.
Should an incident begin to escalate, the CSIRT team leader continues to add resources and skill sets as necessary to attempt to contain and terminate the incident. The resulting team is called the ____ for this particular incident. a. response unit b. reaction force c. IR unit d. forensic team
Answer:
B. Reaction force
Explanation:
Reaction force is a team that consist of a group of people who are assigned to deal with unexpected situation in a certain area.
Since the problem that appear in the area of incident tend to be unknown, this team deal with a lot of uncertainty during the planning part of their operation. Because of this, it is important for the team to take a lot of members with different variety of skill sets in order to be able to handle unique types of incidents on a short period of time.
What method did researchers John Mihelich and John Papineau use to study Parrotheads?
Survey
Experiment
Web Ethnography
Case study
Answer:Web Ethnography
Explanation:
According to the researchers, John Mihelich and also John Papineau use to study Parrotheads
Web EthnographyWhen Cyber-ethnography, also known as virtual ethnography or web ethnography, digital ethnography, and also most commonly online ethnography, is an online research method that adapts ethnographic methods to the study of the communities and also cultures created through computer-mediated social interaction.
Thus, As modifications of the term ethnography, cyber-ethnography, online ethnography, and also virtual ethnography.
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The state entity responsible for enacting laws regarding state revenue sources and consequently passing bills amending and augmenting their state’s taxing code is called the: a. judicial agency b. state legislature c. state tax commission d. administrative body
Answer:
A. Judical- relating to a system that administer justice
Which of the following do the functionalist and conflict perspectives share?
Position that religion relates to social control, enforcing social norms
Emphasis on religion as providing social support
Belief that religion helps explain the mysteries of life
None of the above
Position that religion relates to social control, enforcing social norms.
The functionalist and conflict perspectives share the position that religion relates to social control, enforcing social norms. Option A is correct.
Social norms are defined as the group-wide standards of acceptable behavior. Social norms may be both informal understandings that guide the conduct of society members and formalized into regulations and laws.
Religion, according to the functionalist and conflict perspectives, is related to social control, enforcing social norms. The religion is a conservative force that serves a constructive role for society and people. It contributes to the formation of social order and the maintenance of value consensus.
Therefore, option A is correct.
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In her research for The Second Shift, Arlie Hochschild interviewed married couples to find out how they dealt with changing family roles as more women entered the workforce. What advantages came from her decision to use interviews as a research method?
A. It ensured that the respondents were always honest and forthcoming about their family lives and marital roles.
B. It allowed her to gather direct quotations and construct an intimate portrait of married couples.
C. It allowed for a large group of people to be included in the study.
D. It created both a control group and an experimental group and allowed Hochschild to compare them.
Final answer:
The advantage of using interviews in Hochschild's research was that it enabled her to construct detailed portraits of couples' domestic lives, through direct quotations and nuanced understanding of experiences. The correct answer is B.
Explanation:
The advantages that came from Arlie Hochschild's decision to use interviews as a research method in her study 'The Second Shift' include the ability to gather direct quotations, construct an intimate portrait of married couples, and capture the nuances of their experiences. Among the options provided, the correct answer is B. It allowed her to gather direct quotations and construct an intimate portrait of married couples. Interviews provided a detailed understanding of how couples perceived and divided their domestic labor, and enabled Hochschild to explore the complexities and discrepancies between couples' reports and their actual practices. However, it is important to note that the use of interviews does not ensure that respondents are always honest and forthcoming (A), does not necessarily include a large group of participants (C), and does not create control and experimental groups (D).
What is the most important commodity in a postindustrial society?
Electricity
Money
Information
Computers
Answer:
The correct answer to the question: What is the most important commodity in a postindustrial society, would be: Information.
Explanation:
Now that the economic systems have evolved from the Industrial Revolution, and given the advancement in mechanization and technology, it is possible to find that information is the most valuable asset and access to it, to communication systems, categorizes a country into one of the four groups, depending on on what their economy focuses, and produces. As such, countries whose economies are still based on agriculture, and mining, are called primary, those who start to focus on manufacturing, more than agriculture, are called secondary. Those nations that specialize in the offering of services, are called tertiary, and those focused on learning, and research, as well as technological and scientific advancement, are part of the quaternary group. It is thus, well known, that those countries whose economies are within the third and fourth categories produce information, gather information, and distribute it, and have the power over communications systems, thus making them the most advanced, and powerful, in the world.
The most important commodity in a postindustrial society is information. Postindustrial societies, which rely more on service jobs than manufacturing, often use technologies that generate and distribute information. Therefore, the acquisition and control of information often determines social, economic, and political power.
Explanation:In a postindustrial society, the most important commodity is often considered to be information. A postindustrial society is a term used to describe a stage of society's development in which the service sector generates more wealth than the industrial sector. This is often marked by a shift from manufacturing jobs to service jobs, and a reliance on a variety of technologies that facilitate the generation and distribution of information. As a result, information has taken on the role of a commodity, and its acquisition, control, and application often determine social, economic, and political power. For example, fields such as information technology, computer science, and digital marketing, all involve the manipulation and control of information.
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In the United States, life expectancy rates in recent decades have ______.
continued to gradually rise
gone up and down due to global issues such as military conflicts
lowered as healthcare improves
stayed the same since the mid-1960s
The correct answer is A. Continued to gradually rise
Explanation:
In demographics, life expectancy refers to the average people in a zone or a country lives and that is directly linked to infant mortality, wards, epidemics, health systems, among others. Because of this, life expectancy varies according to the country and also according to time. In the case of U.S., it has been estimated nowadays life expectancy is around 79 years but this was lower in previous decades, for example during the World Wars life expectancy was around 60 years which means in general terms it has continued to gradually rise in the last decades.
An individual experiences sexual dysfunction and blames it on a partner by calling the person unattractive and unromantic. Which defense mechanism is evident? a. Rationalization b. Compensation c. Introjection d. Regression
Answer:
a. Rationalization.
An individual experiences sexual dysfunction and blames it on a partner by calling the person unattractive and unromantic. Rationalization defense mechanism is evident. Option (a) is correct.
What do you mean by Evident?Evident means straightforward or obvious to the senses or intellect.
Making justifications for one's actions, deficiencies, or emotions occurs unconsciously during rationalization. Regression is when a behavior from a previous stage of emotional development is unconsciously used. Compensation is the process of overcoming deficiencies in one area by achieving success in another. An unconscious, strong identification with another person is called introjection.
Therefore, Option (a) is correct.
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According to the World Health Organization, what was the most frequent cause of death for children under five in low-income countries?Starvation
Thirst
Pneumonia and diarrheal diseases
All of the above
One flaw in modernization theory is the unwillingness to recognize _________.
that semi-peripheral nations are incapable of industrializing
that peripheral nations prevent semi-peripheral nations from entering the global market
its inherent ethnocentric bias
the importance of semi-peripheral nations industrializing
its inherent ethnocentric bias
The correct answer is C. Its inherent ethnocentric bias
Explanation:
In the modernization theory proposed by sociologists such as Talcott Parsons, nations that are classified as underdeveloped can become develop or high-income nations if these grow industrially because this implies economic growth and changes in society. This means this theory states countries can progress if they follow a specific path.
The main issue with this is that it implies an ethnocentric bias because progress in this theory is only defined by the progress of big and developed nations most authors of the theory lived in. This is bias because nations might not need to grow industrially to improve their conditions or might not have the conditions to follow the path proposed for modernization.
What theoretical perspective views society as having a system of interdependent inherently connected parts?
Sociobiology
Functionalism
Conflict theory
Ethnocentrism
Answer:
Functionalism
Which sociologist is not associated with conflict theory?
C. Wright Mills
G. William Domhoff
Karl Marx
George H. Mead
The correct answer is D. George H. Mead
Explanation:
In sociology, the Conflict Theory is one of the main theories designed to explain relationships in society this theory states society prompts inequality and inequality leads to change, this was first proposed by Karl Marx during the 19th century and then elaborated by multiple sociologists including C. Wright Mills that made some of the concepts of Marx more complex during the 20th century and Willam Domhoff who is a contemporary sociologist that work in the ideas of Conflict Theory in the last decade. On the other hand, Geroge H. Mead is a sociologist that proposed Symbolic interaction which is a different theoretical perspective and therefore he is the one that is not associated with conflict theory.
Describe how a cyberfeminist might address the fact that powerful female politicians are often demonized in traditional media.
Answer:
Using social networks
Explanation:
Social networks are powerful platforms that connect people, serving as the stage for the debate of ideas. These platforms are used as the main tool of cyber works. A cyberfeminist may use them to expose her social patterns, for example, by denouncing her perception of demonizing women by traditional media.
An example: Suppose the cover of a magazine about a woman leader has a pejorative bias, treating her as if she were a harsh, nervous manager. A cyberfeminist can use social networks to question what the journal's treatment would be if the manager were a man whose cover would probably treat him as an efficient manager.
A cyberfeminist would use digital platforms to counteract biased portrayals of female politicians in traditional media, arguing that these platforms offer a way to share more balanced and equitable narratives.
They would argue that the traditional media often portray female politicians through a lens of gender bias, focusing on their appearance, clothing, and family life rather than their policies and achievements.
For example, as observed by political scientists Erika Falk and Elisabeth Gidengil, stories about women in politics frequently mention their appearance and instances of combative behavior, reinforcing traditional gender stereotypes.
A cyberfeminist would advocate for using social media and other online tools to provide a more balanced and equitable portrayal of female leaders.
By leveraging these digital spaces, female politicians can share their own stories and perspectives directly with the public, bypassing traditional media filters and biases. This strategy empowers women and helps reshape the narrative to focus on their professional capabilities and contributions rather than superficial or negative attributes.
In E. C. Tolman's experiment, some rats were trained to run through mazes for standard food goals, while other rats were allowed to explore the mazes for 10 days without food goals or other rewards. Later, when food rewards were placed in a box at the far end of the maze, the previously unrewarded rats reached the food box as quickly as the rewarded rats after only one or two trials. This experiment demonstrated that the rats had the ability to form ________ of their surroundings.
Answer:
cognitive maps
Explanation:
Cognitive maps refers to the representation of our surroundings or phenomenons that we store in our memory.
From the experiment above, the rats that explore the maze without reward remembers the path of the mazes just as well as the rats that explore it with reward. So, when they are tested together, their cognitive maps allow them to reach the destination at similar speed.
Which factor does not influence voting practices?
Race
Social class
Ethnicity
Voting booths
Answer:
Voting boots
Explanation:
A voting booth is a room or a cabin in a poling station where voters can cast their votes in privacy. A voting boot does not influence voting, it is merely a place where a vote can be cast.
Race, social class and ethnicity all influence voting practices as they all influence the voters' decision for whom to vote. People from different races vote for different candidates, and it is proven that belonging to a specific social class can change the voters' perspective. Ethnicity plays a role as well and so does cultural background, it influences the voters' needs and makes them vote for the candidate truest to their values and beliefs.
In the past, Southern states discouraged African Americans from voting by requiring them to take a _____________________ test.
blood
literacy
lie detector
citizenship
Southern states used literacy tests as a means to discourage African Americans from voting, which were often administered unfairly to disenfranchise them.
In the past, Southern states discouraged African Americans from voting by requiring them to take a literacy test. Literacy tests called on the prospective voter to read a passage of text and depending on the discretion of voting officials, the difficulty of these tests could vary significantly. Officials often chose more challenging passages for African American individuals, while white individuals received easier ones. This selective difficulty was a deliberate attempt to disenfranchise African American voters. In conjunction with understanding tests and other voter suppression tactics like poll taxes and good character clauses, literacy tests were a significant barrier for African American voters, especially considering that prior to the Civil War, it was illegal in many Southern states to teach enslaved individuals to read and write, leading to low literacy rates among African Americans.
Sociologists associate sexuality with _______.
heterosexuality
homosexuality
biological factors
a person’s capacity for sexual feelings
Sociologists associate sexuality with a person’s capacity for sexual feelings.
Sexuality, according to sociologists, is linked with an individual's capacity for sexual feelings. It includes a broader scope than just biological factors, encompassing expression, identity, and interactions with societal norms and institutions.
Explanation:Sociologists associate sexuality with a person's capacity for sexual feelings. This involves understanding sexuality not just as a biological construct or a reflection of individual sexual orientations such as heterosexuality or homosexuality, but as a social construct too. It includes an individual's experiences, expressions, identities, and the social institutions and social norms that influence them. Therefore, sociologists view sexuality as broader than just biological factors and encompassing the full range of human sexual experiences and expressions.
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Which of the main theoretical perspectives would approach religion from the micro-level, studying how religion impacts an individual’s sense of support and well-being?
Functionalism
Symbolic interactionism
Conflict theory
Feminism
The correct answer is B. Symbolic interactionism
Explanation:
In societies, religion plays an important role and because of this, in sociology there are different perspectives that aim at explaining the role of religion, this includes the Functionalist perspective that explains religion is necessary for social stability; the Conflict theory that states religion and religious institutions create inequality that leads to conflict and the symbolic interactionism in which the importance of religion relies on the impact it has on each individual especially in terms of symbols and interaction that affect the perception of religion and its impact on well-being in each individual. Therefore, the theoretical perspective that would approach religion from a micro-level and study the impact of it in an individual's sense of support and well-being is the Symbolic interactionism.
Symbolic interactionism is the main theoretical perspective that would approach religion from the micro-level, studying how religion impacts an individual's support and well-being.
Explanation:The main theoretical perspective that would approach religion from the micro-level is Symbolic interactionism. Symbolic interactionism focuses on how individuals interpret and create meaning in their interactions with others. In the study of religion, symbolic interactionism would examine how religious symbols, rituals, and interactions shape an individual's sense of support and well-being.
For example, a symbolic interactionist might study how participating in religious ceremonies and engaging in religious conversations with others in their community influences an individual's perception of their social support network and their overall well-being.
While functionalism, conflict theory, and feminism can also offer insights into the study of religion, they tend to focus more on macro-level societal structures and power dynamics, rather than individual experiences and interpretations.
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"When parents are _________, their children are likely to react in a concerned way to the distress of others. warm and sensitive permissive authoritarian attentive, but discourage emotional expressiveness"
Answer:
when they go our they go to a casino or a public place
When parents are warm and sensitive, their children are more likely to react in a concerned way to others' distress. This comes from their learned empathy and emotional response. Other parenting styles like permissiveness, authoritarianism, or discouraging emotional expressiveness might not foster the same empathy in children.
Explanation:When parents are warm and sensitive, their children are likely to react in a concerned way to the distress of others. This is because children learn empathy and emotional response by observing and imitating their parents. Parents who are engaged, supportive, and responsive to their own and their children's feelings facilitate the development of empathy in their children. Children exposed to this parenting style are likely to be more sensitive to others' distress. This sensitive and responsive parenting approach fosters children's emotional development and influences their social behaviors and interpersonal relationships. In contrast, parental permissiveness, authoritarianism, or discouraging emotional expressiveness may not provide the same basis for children to develop empathy and concern for others' distress.
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Which of the following statements is true of ethical cultures? a. Workplace ethical cultures have no impact on decision making.b. Subordinates are expected not to act unless directed by superior authorities.c. Decisions are expected to be taken based on laws and not on ethical values.d. Employees are expected to act in responsible ways, even if the law does not require it.
Hello There!
Your answer would be "D"
Employees are expected to act in responsible ways, even if the law does not require it.
Which of the following is true? Multiple Choice A regressive tax rate structure imposes an increasing marginal tax rate as the tax base increases. Regressive tax structures are the most common tax rate structure. An example of a regressive tax is an excise tax. In terms of effective tax rates, a sales tax can be viewed as a regressive tax.
An example of a regressive tax is an excise tax, and in terms of effective tax rates, a sales tax can be viewed as a regressive tax. The statements regarding regressive tax structures imposing increasing marginal tax rates and being the most common structure are incorrect. The option (C) is correct.
When the average tax rate decreases as the taxable amount increases, a regressive tax structure is present. This type of tax is detrimental to lower-income earners because it takes a larger percentage of their income compared to those with higher incomes.
Moreover, the claim that regressive tax structures are the most common tax rate structure is also incorrect, as progressive taxes are more commonly implemented, particularly in income tax systems.
This question is not complete, Here I am attaching the complete question:
Which of the following is true? Multiple Choice:
(A) A regressive tax rate structure imposes an increasing marginal tax rate as the tax base increases.
(B) Regressive tax structures are the most common tax rate structure.
(C) An example of a regressive tax is an excise tax.
(D) In terms of effective tax rates, a sales tax can be viewed as a regressive tax.
The correct statements are: An example of a regressive tax is an excise tax and In terms of effective tax rates, a sales tax can be viewed as a regressive tax.
A regressive tax is characterized by its tendency to impose a higher burden on lower-income individuals, as they pay a larger percentage of their income compared to those with higher incomes. This type of tax structure is often exemplified by excise taxes, which are specific taxes levied on certain goods, such as tobacco or alcohol.
Additionally, sales taxes are frequently viewed as regressive as well. Since lower-income individuals typically allocate a greater proportion of their income towards purchasing goods subject to sales tax, they end up paying a larger share of their income in taxes compared to wealthier individuals.
If a sociologist points out that core nations dominate the global economy, in part by creating global interest rates and international tariffs that will inevitably favor high-income nations over low-income nations, he is a:
functionalist
dependency theorist
modernization theorist
symbolic interactionist
The correct answer is B. Dependency theorist
Explanation:
The dependency theory is an economical and social theory that was developed during the 1960s and 1970s to explain the economic situation of underdeveloped nations. According to this theory global economy is controlled by certain wealthy states that use undeveloped nation, its resources and different economic strategies such as tariffs and interest rates to keep economy of developed or high-income nations which implies high-income nations benefit and low-income or undeveloped nations cannot progress and its economy depends on those nations that control the global economy. Therefore, if a sociologist states core nations control the global economy and use different strategies that favor high-income nations over low-income nations he is a dependency theorist as it is in dependency theory high-income nations dominate the economy and benefit from low-income nations.
Stereotypes about one's own group are called _____, whereas stereotypes about other groups are called _____. (a) autostereotypes; heterostereotypes (b) heterostereotypes; autostereotypes (c) sociotypes; autostereotypes (d) heterostereotypes; sociotypes
Answer:
autostereotypes and heterostereotype
Explanation:
Stereotypes about one's own group are called Autostereotypes , whereas stereotypes about other groups are called Heterostereotypes. Option (a) is correct.
What do you mean by Stereotypes?Stereotypes is a widespread, frequently unjustified, and unfounded assumption about all individuals or things that share a certain trait.
According to sociology, there are "autostereotypes" and "heterostereotypes" (conceptions about others) (conceptions of oneself). Autostereotypes create preconceived notions about a group, moderating the integration of members based on preexisting traits. Lack of critical thought causes beliefs about the group or country we belong to to be overwhelmingly favorable since we tend to define ourselves against "others," giving ourselves superior traits. On the other side, our perceptions of others are typically unfavorable: "others" are demonized. Prejudices are basic terms for autostereotypes and heterostereotypes.
Therefore, Option (a) is correct. Stereotypes about one's own group are called Autostereotypes , whereas stereotypes about other groups are called Heterostereotypes.
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