Suppose a group of volunteers is planning to build a park near a local lake. The lake is known to contain low levels of arsenic (As). Therefore, prior to starting construction, the group decides to measure the current level of arsenic in the lake.A) If a 15.7 cm3 sample of lake water is found to have 164.5 ng As, what is the concentration of arsenic in the sample in parts per billion (ppb), assuming that the density of the lake water is 1.00 g/cm3?
B) Calculate the total mass (in kg) of arsenic in the lake that the company will have to remove if the total volume of water in the lake is 0.710 km3?
C) Based on the company\'s claim and the concentration of arsenic in the lake, how many years will it take to remove all of the arsenic from the lake, assuming that there are always 365 days in a year?

Objects with higher temperatures emit more electromagnetic energy than cooler objects and do so at shorter wavelengths. This results in hotter objects emitting a larger fraction of their energy as shortwave radiation compared to cooler objects.

The question asks how objects with higher temperatures behave in terms of radiation. Based on the principles of physics, objects with higher temperatures emit more electromagnetic energy and do so at shorter wavelengths compared to cooler objects. This is because a higher temperature results in more vigorous atomic collisions, releasing energy across a spectrum but more intensely at shorter wavelengths. For instance, as a metal heats up, its color changes from dull red to bright orange-red and, at even higher temperatures, to brilliant yellow or blue-white, indicating emissions at shorter wavelengths. Similarly, the sun, being much hotter than the Earth, emits most of its energy in the shortwave end of the electromagnetic spectrum, whereas the Earth emits in the longwave end.

Hence, the correct statement is: Objects with higher temperatures emit more shortwave radiation than cooler objects do. This is aligned with the scientific understanding that hotter bodies not only radiate more energy across all wavelengths compared to cooler ones but also shift their peak emission towards shorter wavelengths, thereby emitting a larger fraction of their energy at these higher frequencies and energies.

Answer:

The answer to your question is 11460 years

Explanation:

Data

Carbon-14 activity  10 cpm

half-life = 5730 yr

Real carbon-14 activity 40 cpm

Process

1.- Write a chart to solve this problem

                    Real carbon-14      40 cpm       Time  0 years

                    After a half-life      20 cpm        Time  5730 years

                    After a half-life      10 cpm        Time 5730 years

    Total time                                                            11460 years          

2.- Conclusion

The wooden object is 11460 years old.                    

Answer : The amount gas still in the tank is, 9 gallons

Explanation : Given,

Volume of tank of a car = 24 gallons

Total gasoline gauge shows the tank is 3/8 full.

Now we have to calculate the amount gas still in the tank.

The amount gas still in the tank = [tex]24\text{ gallons}\times frac{3}{8}[/tex]

The amount gas still in the tank = [tex]9\text{ gallons}[/tex]

Thus, the amount gas still in the tank is, 9 gallons

The car's gas tank, which holds 24 gallons, is ⅓ full, equating to 9 gallons of gas remaining in the tank.

The car's gas tank holds 24 gallons, and the gasoline gauge shows that the tank is ⅓ full. To find out how much gas is still in the tank, you should multiply the total capacity of the tank by the fraction that represents how full it is. In this case, you would calculate:

24 gallons × ⅓ = 24 gallons × 3/8 = 9 gallons.

So, there are 9 gallons of gasoline still in the tank.

Answer:

0.93 g of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is required.

Explanation:

Molarity of a solution = (Number of moles of solute in solution)/(Volume of solution in liter)

Here, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is the solute.

Volume of solution = 0.250 L

Molarity of solution to be prepared = 0.010 M

So, number of moles of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate required = [tex](0.250\times 0.010)[/tex] moles = 0.0025 moles

We know, number of moles = (mass)/(molar mass)

So, mass of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate required = [tex](372.24\times 0.0025)g[/tex] = 0.93 g

Hence, 0.93 g of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is required.

Final answer:

To prepare a 0.010 M solution of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, multiply the molarity (0.010 M) by the volume (0.250 L) and the molar mass (372.24 g/mol), resulting in 0.9306 g of the compound, rounded to four significant figures.

Explanation:

To calculate the mass of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate needed to prepare a 0.010 M solution, we use the formula mass = molarity (M) × volume (L) × molar mass (g/mol). Here, we have a molarity (M) of 0.010 and a volume (V) of 250 mL, which is equivalent to 0.250 L. The molar mass (Mm) is given as 372.24 g/mol. The calculation is as follows:

Mass = 0.010 M × 0.250 L × 372.24 g/mol

Mass = 0.9306 g of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate

This value is rounded to four significant figures because the molarity is given to two decimal places and the volume is given to three significant figures, making the least number of significant figures two (for the molarity).

Answer:

A.

A chemical reaction was producing a new substance.

Explanation:

Equation of the reaction

NaOH + HCl --> NaCl + H2O

Heat of neutralization is the amount of heat evolved when one mole of acid reacts with one mole of an alkaline to form one mole of water.

When a neutralisation reaction is carried out, there is an exothermic change; energy released into the surroundings therefore since heat is given out which is what is felt.

Answer:

(b) 50 mL = 0.50 L

Explanation:

Metric system is a measurement system that uses decimalized in all their factor, which mean every rank difference can be expressed as a factor of 10(deci=10). The decimalized number makes it easier to convert the unit, make the metric system easier to be learned and used.  

The Metric system will use a prefix to determine the factor, a kilo is 1000, mili is 1/1000, centi is 1/100, pico is 1/10^12.

(a) 1 km = 1000 m  

True, kilo is 1000

(b) 50 mL = 0.50 L

This option is false. mili is 1/1000, so 50/1000= 0.05 L

(c) 125 mm = 12.5 cm  

True, mili is 1/1000 while centi is 1/100.  

So 125mm will be: 125mm * 100mm/1000cm= 12.5cm

(d) 23 pm = 0.000  000  000  023 m

True, pico is 10^-12

Final answer:

The incorrect metric system conversions are option (b), 50 mL = 0.50 L (it should be 0.05 L), and option (c) is correct, with 125 mm actually equaling 12.5 cm. The other options (a) and (d) are correctly converted.

Explanation:

The incorrect conversions in the metric system from the options provided are:

The correct conversions are:

To clarify option (b), it is important to remember that 1 liter (L) equals 1000 milliliters (mL). Therefore, 50 mL should be divided by 1000 to convert to liters, which results in 0.05 L, not 0.50 L.

The First 2 statements stated above were false whereas the third one is a true statement.

Explanation:

Reason - The viscosity of bitumen is about not 100 times greater than the viscosity of water, it is actually 100, 000 times greater.

Reason- Oil from oil sand deposits is not obtained by first heating the sands at high temperatures but by using steams

Explanation:

It is given that total energy is -443 kJ/mol and formula to calculate the lattice energy is as follows.

       Total energy = heat of sublimation + bond dissociation energies + ionization energy for Cs + EA of [tex]Cl^{-}[/tex] + lattice energy

       -443 kJ/mol = 76 + 121 + 376 - 349 + Lattice energy

   Lattice energy = (-443 - 76 -121 - 376 + 349) kJ

       Lattice energy = -667 kJ

Therefore, we can conclude that -667 kJ is the magnitude of the lattice energy for CsCl.

Answer: polar solvent

Explanation:

Polarity can be said to mean, charge separation. Thus, polar solvents are solvents that have charge separation and the ability to solvate i.e dissolve ions.

A polar solvent molecule has slight electrical charge as a result of its shape. A typical and most common example is water, with an oxygen and two hydrogen atoms. The two hydrogen atoms are at an angle to the single oxygen atom. Water is the classic polar solvent. The oxygen atom tends to polarize electron density to itself.

Answer:

The specific heat of the object [tex]C_{obj}[/tex] = 0.457 [tex]\frac{KJ}{kg K}[/tex]

Explanation:

Mass of the object [tex]m_{obj}[/tex] = 23.2 gm

Initial temperature [tex]T_{obj}[/tex] = 97 ° c

Mass of the water [tex]m_{w}[/tex] = 90 gm

Initial temperature of water [tex]T_{w}[/tex] = 20.5 ° c

Final temperature of both water & object [tex]T_{f}[/tex] = 22.6 ° c

It is given that heat lost by the object = heat gain by the water

⇒ [tex]m_{obj}[/tex] [tex]C_{obj}[/tex] ( [tex]T_{obj}[/tex] - [tex]T_{f}[/tex] ) =  [tex]m_{w}[/tex] [tex]C_{w}[/tex] ( [tex]T_{f}[/tex] - [tex]T_{w}[/tex])

Put all the values in above formula we get

⇒ 23.2 × [tex]C_{obj}[/tex] ( 97 - 22.6 ) = 90 × 4.18 × ( 22.6 - 20.5 )

⇒ [tex]C_{obj}[/tex] = 0.457 [tex]\frac{KJ}{kg K}[/tex]

This is the specific heat of the object.

Answer:A. Increases

Explanation:

Heating or an increase in temperature increases the kinetic energy of particles thereby increasing their motion and how they relate and react with one another.

Increase in the temperature of the solvent is directly proportional to the rate of dissolution. The rate of dissolution increases due to the increase in kinetic energy. This makes the solvent particles interact faster with the solute particles thereby increasing the dissolution rate.

Answer:

a basic solution has [OH-] > [H3O+]

Answer:

Be more constrained in structure

Explanation:

This is because double bonds confer unsaturation on an organic molecules. The molecules are more ordered as they have lesser number of hydrogen atoms in them.

Having same number of carbon atoms means they are corresponding molecules.

For example. Ethyne is corresponding to ethane. Since ethyne has less number of hydrogen atoms than ethane, it will be more constrained in structure than ethane.

A hydrocarbon chain with the same number of carbon atoms, but with one or more double bonds, will be more constrained in structure.

A hydrocarbon is any of a class of organic chemicals made up of only the elements carbon (C) and hydrogen (H).

This is because double bonds unsaturation on an organic molecules. The molecules are more ordered as they have lesser number of hydrogen atoms in them.

Having same number of carbon atoms means they are corresponding molecules.

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The mass of barium iodide in 188 ml of a 0.532M solution is calculated to be approximately 39.11 grams using concepts of molarity, moles, and molar mass.

The question is asking to find out the mass of barium iodide in a solution, given a certain volume and a concentration. The question is a standard calculation involving molarity and volume. Molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. Therefore, you can calculate the number of moles of solute first using the formula M = n/V, where n is the number of moles and V is the volume in liters. We can convert 188 mL to liters (0.188 L) and we know the molarity is 0.532M, so the number of moles in the solution is 0.532M * 0.188 L = 0.10 moles of iodide ions. To find the mass of barium iodide, we multiply this number by the molar mass of barium iodide, which is roughly 391.136 g/mol (from barium's molar mass of 137.327 g/mol and iodine's molar mass of 253.809 g/mol). Thus, the mass of barium iodide is 0.10 moles * 391.136 g/mol = 39.11 g.

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The correct answer would be....

1s^2 2s^2 2p^6

Two or more than two atoms with different physical or chemical properties can not combine together to form an element. Therefore, the electronic configuration of Neon is 1s²2s²2p⁶.

Element generally consist of atoms or we can atoms combine to form element. Atoms of an element is always same, means all the properties of all atoms of one type of element is same.

The systematic distribution of electrons in the various atomic orbitals is called its electronic configuration. The atomic number of neon is 10. The electronic configuration of neon is 1s²2s²2p⁶. 1,2,3 represents the number of shells and s and represents the orbitals. The superscripts represents the number of electrons in each orbitals.

Therefore, the electronic configuration of Neon is 1s²2s²2p⁶.

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Answer:

Explanation:

In CF4 and NF3, the valence electron groups on the central C and N atoms have a tetrahedral arrangement. The shapes of the molecules are determined by the number of bonding and nonbonding of electrons: since CF4 has four bonded atom(s) and zero lone pair(s) of electrons, the shape is tetrahedral.

CF4 and NF3 have electron groups which are arranged tetrahedrally. CF4, having four bonded atoms and no lone pairs, has a tetrahedral shape. NF3, having three bonded atoms and a lone pair of electrons, has a trigonal pyramidal shape.

In CF4 (Carbon Tetrafluoride) and NF3 (Nitrogen Trifluoride), the electron groups on the central carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) atoms have a tetrahedral arrangement. The shapes of these molecules are determined by the number of lone pairs of electrons.

In CF4, there are four bonded atoms and no lone pair of electrons, thus, the shape is tetrahedral. On the other hand, in NF3, nitrogen is bonded to three fluorine atoms and has one lone pair of electrons, so it has a trigonal pyramidal shape.

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Answer:

The molarity of a MnO4- solution

= 0.0342 M

Explanation:

Equation of reaction:

5Fe2 (aq) MnO4-(aq) 8H (aq) ---> 5Fe3 (aq) Mn2 (aq) 4H2O(l)

This is an example of redox titration.

Using titration formula:

CAVA/CBVA = NA/NB

where CA is the molarity of Fe2+ = (0.134 M)

CB is the molarity of MnO4- = (?????)

VA is the volume of Fe2+ = (30mL)

VB is the volume of MnO4- =(23.5mL)

NA is the numeric coefficient of Fe2+ in the equation of reaction = ( 5 )

NB is the numeric coefficient of MnO4- in the equation of reaction =(1)

Substituting the values into the formula;

0.134×30/CB×23.5 = 5/1

Therefore CB = 0.134×30/23.5×5

= 0.0342 M

Answer:

Reverse; since the value of Q is greater than the value of K

Explanation:

The equation for the reaction can be expressed as:

[tex]HCN + H_2 O[/tex]     ⇄    [tex]H_3O^+ +CN^{-}[/tex]                [tex]k_a = 6.2 * 10^ {-10[/tex]

[tex]Q = \frac{[H_3O^+][CN^-]}{[HCN]}[/tex]  

[tex]Q = \frac{(0.1)(0.1)}{(0.1)}[/tex]

Q = 0.1

[tex]k_a = 6.2 * 10^ {-10[/tex]

Q > [tex]K_{a}[/tex]

If the value of Q is greater than [tex]K_{a}[/tex] Value; the reaction will definitely shift to reverse direction.

Answer:

b

Explanation:

Answer:

35Cl = 75.9 %

37Cl = 24.1 %

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

The relative atomic mass of Chlorine = 35.45 amu

Mass of the isotopes:

35Cl = 34.96885269 amu

37Cl = 36.96590258 amu

Step 2: Calculate percentage abundance

35.45 = x*34.96885269 + y*36.96590258

x+y = 1  x = 1-y

35.45 = (1-y)*34.96885269 + y*36.96590258

35.45 = 34.96885269 - 34.96885269y +36.96590258y

0.48114731 = 1,99704989‬y

y = 0.241 = 24.1 %

35Cl = 34.96885269 amu = 75.9 %

37Cl = 36.96590258 amu = 24.1 %

The turnover number refers to the number of substrate molecules converted to product per unit time by a single enzyme molecule at saturation. The Michaelis constant (Km) indicates substrate concentration for half-maximal enzyme activity, and the maximum velocity (Vmax) is reached when enzyme active sites are saturated.

The number of substrate molecules converted to product in a given unit of time by a single enzyme molecule at saturation is referred to as the turnover number, also known as kcat. This measure of enzymatic activity provides a direct indication of the active site's catalytic efficiency within the enzyme's turnover rate.

In contrast, the Michaelis constant (Km) represents the substrate concentration at which the enzyme achieves half of its maximum reaction rate, or Vmax/2. This constant is used to determine the enzyme's affinity for a substrate, with a low Km indicating a high affinity, and vice versa.

When an enzyme operates in an environment with a high concentration of substrate, it will eventually reach a point where every active site is saturated with substrate -- this is the maximum velocity (Vmax) of the reaction. The Vmax is dependent on both the speed of the enzyme and the total number of enzyme molecules available.

The relationship between Vmax, Km, and substrate concentration ([S]) is described by the Michaelis-Menten equation, which is fundamental in the study of enzyme kinetics.

Final answer:

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) consists of two oxygen atoms bonded to a central carbon atom. Each oxygen atom forms a double bond with the carbon atom. The double bond consists of two bonding pairs of electrons. Therefore, carbon dioxide has 2 bonding pairs and 0 lone pairs of electrons.

Explanation:

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) consists of two oxygen atoms bonded to a central carbon atom. Each oxygen atom forms a double bond with the carbon atom. The double bond consists of two bonding pairs of electrons. Therefore, carbon dioxide has 2 bonding pairs and 0 lone pairs of electrons. The correct option is d) 2 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs.

The correct option is b. 4 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs.

To determine the number of bonding pairs and lone pairs in carbon dioxide (CO2), we need to consider the Lewis structure of the molecule. Carbon dioxide has a total of 16 valence electrons, 4 from the carbon atom and 6 from each of the two oxygen atoms.

 In the Lewis structure of CO2, the carbon atom is double-bonded to each oxygen atom. Each double bond consists of one sigma (σ) bond and one pi (Ï€) bond. Since there are two double bonds, there are a total of 4 bonding pairs of electrons (2 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds).

The Lewis structure of CO2 is as follows:

O=C=O

 Here, the carbon atom has no lone pairs, as it forms double bonds with both oxygen atoms. Each oxygen atom has 2 lone pairs of electrons, but since we are asked about the entire CO2 molecule, we consider the lone pairs on both oxygen atoms together. Therefore, there are 2 lone pairs in total for the CO2 molecule.

 In summary, carbon dioxide has 4 bonding pairs of electrons (from the 2 double bonds) and 2 lone pairs of electrons (1 on each oxygen atom). This matches option b.

Matter are anything that is made up of atoms. The quantity of matter can be observed only on the basis of mass and volume calculation. Therefore,  all of the given choices are correct.

Matter is a substance that has some mass and can occupy some volume. The matter is mainly used in science. Matter can be solid, liquid or gas.

Matter is anything that is made up of atoms. Anything around us that can be physically seen and touched are matter. Ice, water and water vapors are example of matter. Mass can also be represented as number of molecules. Volume is measured only in liter.

CO[tex]_2[/tex] plays a vital role in maintaining Earth's temperature. CO[tex]_2[/tex] can be produced by natural and man-made processes. CO[tex]_2[/tex] is released as a product of respiration. CO[tex]_2[/tex]  is a greenhouse gas.

Therefore,  all of the given choices are correct.

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Answer:

[tex]\large \boxed{\text{86.8 L}}[/tex]

Explanation:

The temperature and amount of gas are constant, so we can use Boyle’s Law.

[tex]p_{1}V_{1} = p_{2}V_{2}[/tex]

Data:

[tex]\begin{array}{rclrcl}p_{1}& =& \text{0.579 atm}\qquad & V_{1} &= & \text{150 L} \\p_{2}& =& \text{1.00 atm}\qquad & V_{2} &= & ?\\\end{array}[/tex]

Calculations:  

[tex]\begin{array}{rcl}0.579 \times 150 & =& 1.00V_{2}\\86.85 & = & 1.00V_{2}\\V_{2} & = &\dfrac{86.85}{1.00}\\\\& = &\textbf{86.8}\\\end{array}\\\text{The new volume of the gas is } \large \boxed{\textbf{86.8 L}}[/tex]

Answer:

55.75g

Explanation:

From

m/M = CV

Where

m= required mass of solute

M= molar mass of solute

C= concentration of solution

V= volume of solution=675ml

Molar mass of solute= 3(23) + 31 + 4(16)= 69+31+64=164gmol-1

Number of moles of sodium ions present= 1.5× 675/1000= 1.01 moles

Since 1 mole of Na3PO4 contains 3 moles of Na+

It implies that 1.01/3 moles of Na3PO4 are present in solution= 0.34moles

mass of Na3PO4= number of moles × molar mass= 0.34 × 164 =55.75g

Answer: iron (II) Chloride can be used instead of AlCl3

Explanation:

Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction involves the introduction of alkyl group in  an aromatic ring with an alkyl halide using a strong Lewis acid, such as aluminium chloride, ferric chloride, or other MXn reagent, as catalyst.

The function of AlCl3​ or fecl3 in Friedel-Craft reaction, is to produce electrophile, which later adds to benzene ring. This electrophilic aromatic substitution allows the synthesis of monoacylated products from the reaction between arenes and acyl chlorides or anhydrides. The products are deactivated and do not undergo a second substitution. Normally, a stoichiometric amount of the Lewis acid catalyst is required for both the substrate and the product form complexes.

AlCl3​ or fecl3 (and other Lewis acids like it) will coordinate to halogens, and facilitate the breaking of these bonds. In doing so, it increases the electrophilic nature of its binding partner, making it much more reactive as to complete the reaction.

Answer:

The answer to your question is below

Explanation:

Data

mass of Sr(NO₃)₂ = 6.67 g       Final volume = 0.750 L

Sample  0.100 L

[Na₃PO₄] = 0.046 M

a) [Sr(NO₃)₂

MM = 211.64 g

                          211.64 g ---------------------- 1 mol

                             6.67 g ---------------------- x

                             x = (6.67 x 1) / 211.64

                             x = 0.032 mol

Molarity = 0.032 / 0.75

Molarity = 0.042

b)

             3Sr(NO₃)₂  +  2Na₃PO₄  ⇒  Sr₃(PO₄)₂  +  6NaNO₃

              Reactants             Elements         Products

                    3                           Sr                      3

                    6                            N                      6

                    6                            Na                    6

                    2                            P                       2

                  24                           O                     24

c)

Calculate the moles of Sr(NO₃)₂ in 100 ml or 0.1 L

Molarity = moles / volume

Moles = Molarity x volume

Moles = 0.042 x 0.1

Moles = 0.0042

                  3 moles of Sr(NO₃)₂ --------------- 2 moles of Na₃PO₄

                  0.0042 moles of Sr(NO₃)₂ -------- x

                  x = (0.0042 x 2) / 3

                  x = 0.0028 moles of Na₃PO₄

Molarity = moles / volume

Volume = moles / Molarity

Volume = 0.0028 / 0.046

Volume = 0.060 L or 60.9 mL

Answer:

a) atoms/cell =  8 atoms

b) FE = 0.3876

Explanation:

You have the following data:

ao=0.45258 nm

bo=0.45186 nm

co=0.76570 nm

density=p=5.904 g/cm^3

atomic weight=69.72 g/mol

Avogadro number = 6.02x10^23 atom/mol

a) The number of atoms per cell is calculated by clearing it from the density formula:

atoms/cell = (px(cell volume)x(Avogadro number))/atomic weight

cell volume = aoxboxco = (0.45258x10^-7cm)x(0.45186x10^-7cm)x(0.76570x10^-7cm) = 1.5659x10^-22 cm^3

replacing values:

atoms/cell = ((5.904 g/cm^3)x(1.5659x10^-22 cm^3)(6.02x10^23 atoms/cell))/69.72 g/mol = 7.9 atoms = 8 atoms

b)the packing factor is calculated by:

FE = ((atoms/cell)x(atom volume))/cell volume

atom volume = 4pixr^3/3 = 4pix(0.1219x10^-7 cm)^3/3 = 7.5875x10^-24 cm^3

FE = (8x7.5875x10^-24)/(1.5659^-22 cm^3) = 0.3876

The number of atoms in each unit cell and the packing factor in the unit cell are;

a) Number of atoms in each unit cell = 8 atoms

b) Atomic packing factor = 0.3876

We are given;

a_o = 0.45258 nm ≈ 0.45258 × 10⁻⁷ cm

b_o = 0.45186 nm = 0.45186 × 10⁻⁷ cm

c_o = 0.76570 nm = 0.7657 × 10⁻⁷ cm

Atomic radius; r = 0.1218 nm = 0.1218 × 10⁻⁷

density; ρ = 5.904 g/cm³

Atomic weight = 69.72 g/mol

Avogadro's number = 6.02 × 10²³ atom/mol

a) The number of atoms per cell is calculated by clearing it from the equation;

Number of atoms per cell = (ρ × cell volume × Avogadro number)/atomic weight

Where;

cell volume = a_o × b_o × c_o

Cell volume = 0.45258 × 10⁻⁷ × 0.45186 × 10⁻⁷ × 0.7657 × 10⁻⁷

Cell volume = 1.5659 × 10¯²² cm³

Thus;

Number of atoms per cell = (5.904 × 1.5659 × 10¯²² × 6.02 × 10²³)/69.72

Number of atoms per cell = 7.9 atoms

Number of atoms per cell ≈ 8 atoms

B) Formula for the packing factor is calculated from the formula:

Packing Factor = (number of atoms per cell x atom volume)/cell volume

Formula for atom volume is;

Atom volume = 4πr³/3

Atom volume = (4π × 0.1218 × 10⁻⁷)³/3

Atom volume = 7.5875 × 10¯²⁴ cm³

Thus;

Packing Factor = (8 x 7.5875 x 10¯²⁴)/(1.5659¯²²)

Packing Factor = 0.3876

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A chemical equation is said to be balanced if the quantity of each type of atom in the reaction is the same on both the reactant and product sides. In a balanced chemical equation, the mass and the charge are both equal. Here the given equation is C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O.

This means that new products are formed due to the change in the chemical composition of the reactants.

Hence, the equation shows a chemical reaction - the breaking and forming of chemical bonds that leads to a change in the composition of matter.

1. The equation is C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O.

2. And, in the given equation CO₂ is a product.

3. In the equation, C₆H₁₂O₆ is a reactant.

4. In O₂, the type of bond that holds the two oxygen atoms together is a non-polar covalent bond.

5. In H₂O, the type of bond that holds one of the hydrogen atoms to the oxygen atom is a polar covalent bond.

6. The number of oxygen atoms on the left side of the equation is equal to the number of oxygen atoms on the right side.

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Answer:

C.  CO2 exists in relatively high concentrations.  

Explanation:

From the available options:

A.  CO2 molecules are highly symmetrical.  

B.  CO2 has a low molar mass.  

C.  CO2 exists in relatively high concentrations.  

D.  CO2 is formed in the combustion of fossil fuels.  

The focus on CO2 as far as global warming is concerned is not because It has a high global warming potential but because of its relatively high concentration in the atmosphere as a result of both natural and anthropological activities.

The correct option is C.