Option B: Mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from small prokaryotes living within larger cells support the theory of endosymbiosis.
Explanation:
Endosymbiotic theory is based on the theory that eukaryotic cell organelles like mitochondria and plastids like chloroplasts were originally structured as independent free-living prokaryotic cells.
This theory stated that prokaryotic cells were either producing energy through aerobic respiration, or can undergo photosynthesis, or cannot undergo respiration or photosynthesis but just engulf other cells.
These free-living cells ended up staying in host cells through endosymbiosis.
Endosymbiosis is a mutual relationship which is beneficial to both the host and the associated organism.
For example, the relationship between termite and the microbes present in its gut is an endosymbiotic relationship.
Answer:
B. Mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from small prokaryotes living within larger cells
Explanation:
Which layer of the atmosphere is most strongly affected by conditions on Earth's surface?
A) Thermosphere
B) Troposphere
C) Stratosphere
D) Mesosphere
The Troposphere, extending up to 12 km above sea level and encompassing about 80% of the Earth's atmosphere, is directly influenced by Earth's surface conditions. This is because it generates weather events due to convection currents formed by the heated air rising from Earth's surface and cooler air descending, which equally affects the wind and cloud formations in this layer.
Explanation:The layer of the atmosphere most strongly affected by the conditions on the Earth's surface is the Troposphere, option B. The troposphere extends up to 12 km above sea level and contains nearly 80% of the Earth's atmosphere by mass. It is the layer where most weather events originate owing to the hot air rising from the Earth's surface and colder air descending. Hence, conditions on Earth's surface predominantly influence this layer of the atmosphere.
For example, the convection currents in the troposphere are directly impacted by the heating of the Earth's surface, generating wind and cloud formations. This dynamic nature of the troposphere is the reason for its direct susceptibility to the surface conditions of the Earth.
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The troposphere is the layer most strongly affected by conditions on Earth's surface. So option (b) is correct.
The troposphere is the layer of the Earth's atmosphere closest to its surface, extending from the surface up to about 10-15 kilometers (6-9 miles) high.
It is where weather occurs and where most of Earth's clouds and precipitation are found. The conditions in the troposphere, such as temperature, humidity, and air pressure, are directly influenced by conditions on Earth's surface.
For example, during the day, the surface heats up, causing air near the surface to warm and rise, leading to convection currents and the formation of clouds and storms. At night, the surface cools, causing the air to sink, which can result in calm and clear conditions.
Therefore, the troposphere is the layer most strongly affected by conditions on Earth's surface. Other layers like the stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere are less directly influenced by surface conditions.
How does starch react with iodine?
Answer:
When iodine and starch are dissolved together in water, gooey starch molecules instantly trap iodine ions close together to create a dark, blueish-black color. (Dripping liquid iodine onto a potato will turn it the same color, due to all of the spud's starch.)
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How do slime molds get their food?
Answer:
Slime molds, decompose decaying matter. The animal-like protists must "eat" or ingest food.
Explanation:
Slime molds, being fungus-like protists, feed on decaying organic matter by moving slowly over it and engulfing it directly when nutrients are abundant and forming a collective slug to release spores when food is scarce.
How Slime Molds Obtain Food:
Slime molds are fungus-like protists that can be found in environments such as rotting logs and compost piles, where they feed on decaying organic matter. These organisms adjust their feeding behavior based on the availability of food. When nutrients are plentiful, cellular slime molds exist as individual amoeboid cells that absorb food by phagocytosis. However, during scarce food conditions, they form a collective mass, a behavior exemplified by the dog vomit slime mold, which glides along on secretions to engulf food.
More specifically, when food resources are depleted, the independent amoeboid cells conglomerate into a slug-like structure. Within this slug, certain cells create a 2-3 millimeter stalk, sacrificing themselves in the process. Others form a fruiting body that releases haploid spores. These spores then have the opportunity to germinate in moist environments, potentially starting the cycle over again. A typical genus representing cellular slime molds is Dictyostelium, generally found in damp forest soil.
Two types of stressors that learners are likely to experience in a post school destination as a college or university or the workplace
Answer:
financial stress and family stress
Explanation:
When learners go to college or a university, their family expects a lot from them especially when the parents are the ones who brought the learner to study. This causes stress on the learners. Choosing the major can also be stressful, especially when the family intercedes in the learner's decision. This also creates a financial burden on the learner, especially when the learner supports himself. So, he has to balance studying while working. If he has a scholarship, he has to maintain his grades in order to keep up.
In the same way, a person who goes to the workplace is also expected by his family to provide them financially. This creates a financial stress on his end. Besides this, he is also expected to make commitments especially when he has children. He needs to balance working while taking care of his kids and attending to their needs at home and in school. This is how family stress can affect him.
Final answer:
In a post-school destination such as college, university, or the workplace, learners may encounter various stressors that can affect their well-being and performance. Two types of stressors commonly experienced in these environments include:
Explanation:
Academic or Workload Stress:
Academic stressors in college or university settings can include heavy workloads, challenging assignments, exams, and academic pressure to perform well.
Workplace stressors may involve high workloads, tight deadlines, demanding projects, and the pressure to meet job expectations and deliver results.
These stressors can lead to feelings of overwhelm, anxiety, and pressure to succeed academically or professionally.
Social or Interpersonal Stress:
Social stressors in college or university settings may include difficulties in forming social connections, homesickness, conflicts with roommates or classmates, and feeling socially isolated.
Workplace stressors may involve interpersonal conflicts with colleagues or supervisors, difficulties in communication, workplace harassment or discrimination, and feeling disconnected from the workplace culture.
These stressors can impact individuals' sense of belonging, self-esteem, and overall emotional well-being.
Both academic/workload stress and social/interpersonal stress can have significant effects on learners' mental health, physical health, and academic or professional performance. Educational institutions and workplaces need to provide adequate support systems, resources, and strategies to help learners effectively cope with and manage these stressors. This may include access to counseling services, stress management workshops, mentorship programs, and creating a supportive and inclusive environment that promotes well-being and resilience.
Running wather and groundewater:
What are five factors that determine the velocity of a stream?
The velocity of a stream is influenced by the stream gradient, sediment size, discharge volume, channel geometry, and obstructions or channel roughness, which all contribute to the stream's overall flow characteristics.
Explanation:Factors Determining the Velocity of a Stream
Several factors contribute to the velocity of a stream, which is the speed at which water moves through a cross-section of the stream. Here are five key factors:
Stream Gradient: The slope or steepness of the stream's course affects velocity. A steeper gradient generally leads to a faster flowing stream.
Sediment Size: Large sediments on the stream bed offer more resistance compared to smaller particles, thus affecting the stream's velocity.
Discharge Volume: The amount of water passing through the stream also impacts its velocity. More discharge typically means higher velocity.
Channel Shape and Size: The geometry of the stream channel influences how water flows, with narrower or shallower channels often leading to faster flows.
Obstructions and Channel Roughness: Presence of vegetation, rocks, and variations in channel smoothness create friction, altering the velocity.
Different aspects such as ground-water movement, stream erosion, and deposition also play a role in water flow dynamics. Understanding these variables is essential for managing water resources and studying ecological systems.
Do almonds (the nuts themselves) contain chloroplasts?
Does any part of the almond plant (including seedling) contain chloroplasts?
Is the almond plant classified as a gymnosperm? If not, what category would it fall under?
Explanation:
Yes , the almonds contain Chloroplasts.Chloroplasts are cell organelles that conduct photosynthesis.
The photosynthetic pigment known as chlorophyll present in chloroplast captures the energy from sunlight.
and convert it into ATP and NADPH and free oxygen from water in plants.
The green leaves of the almond tree contains Chloroplasts.No, the almond plant is not classified as a Gymnosperm.Almonds come under the category of Angiosperm.
Angiosperms, are flowering plants.
They contains seeds that are enclosed within an ovary which is usually a fruit.
Which is an example of a living thing?
O A) air
OB) fire
O C) fish
OD) water
Answer:
C fish
Explanation:
Fish are alive
1. What are the 4 things that must be occurring in a population for natural selection to occur? (These are Darwin's 4 postulates, use your
notes!)
Darwins u postulates
Final answer:
Natural selection occurs when there is a variation of traits, the heritability of these traits, competition for limited resources, and differential survival and reproduction (fitness) which leads to evolutionary changes in a population.
Explanation:
To understand Darwin's theory of natural selection and what must be occurring in a population for it to take place, we must consider Darwin's four postulates. These factors are essential for the mechanism of evolution through natural selection.
Variation of traits among individuals in a population. This genetic variation is crucial because, without it, there would be no differences upon which natural selection could act.These variations must be heritable, meaning that they can be passed down through generations. This allows for the favorable traits to be accumulated over time.There must be competition for resources. Since resources are limited, not all individuals can survive and reproduce, leading to a 'struggle for existence.'Individuals with traits that give them an advantage in their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. This differential survival and reproduction is known as fitness, and over time, this can lead to changes in the population.These principles form the basis of Darwin's theory of natural selection, illustrating how populations change over time and how new species can evolve.
In what structure is protein synthesized?
1
2
3
4
Answer:
Ribosomes 2
Explanation:
Answer:
2
Explanation:
got it right on my test.
Word bank: (Thermosphere) (Aurora boreal is) ( Large-scale air turbulence and mixing at this layer) ( Stratosphere) (The coldest temperatures in the atmosphere occur at the junction) (Maximum ozone)
Explanation:
Atmosphere is formed by mixing of gases. The layers of atmosphere is given below.
1. Troposphere -
The first layer of the atmosphere.Weather occurs in this layer.2.Stratosphere -
The second layer of Earth's atmosphere. Contains Ozone layer.3. Mesosphere -
The third layer above the stratosphere. Coldest layer.4. Thermosphere -
The fourth layer of the atmosphere. Warmest layer.Ionosphere - lowest level of thermosphere above mesosphere. Aurora Borealis, Northern and Southern lights are seen in this layer.Exosphere - outermost layer of thermosphere.Satellites are in this layer.Outer space with no gravity.waste products in the blood are filtered out by the kidneys. In the past, kidney failures also led to death because of the buildup of poisonous waste in the blood. Today, however, doctors use dialysis machines to filter wastes out of the blood. Dialysis machines use artificial membranes. Are the membranes and a dialysis machine permeable or selectively permeable? Explain.
The membranes of dialysis machine are semi permeable membrane.
Explanation:Dailysis is the process of artificial separation of blood from the waste products and excretory substances. This process uses the process of osmotic separation of the blood from the excretory substances by using a fluid which also contains the materials of blood but in small amounts to prepare a osmotic gradient through which when the blood passes, can filter it off. The membrane separating the blood from the fluid is a semi permeable membrane which allows the water to go out along with urea and other excretory products slowly as the blood passes through Dyalysis machine.
Which of these wind factors do NOT influence ocean waves?
A velocity (kinetic energy) of the wind
B temperature of wind
C the smell of the air
D duration and direction of the wind Which of these wind factors do NOT influence ocean waves?
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The velocity of wind is the magnitude and direction so it definitely influences the waves. Temperature does based on molecular energy increasing as the temperature increases. Since direction is part of velocity, it gives that answer away.
What question did Hardy and Weinberg want to answer?
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ate
SON
RE
ES
O
A. Are all traits in plants controlled by genes?
O
. Is it possible to breed a plant to have certain traits?
O
C. How does allele frequency change between generations?
O
D. How large is the gene pool for a given organism?
SUBMIT
Answer:
The correct option is C) How does allele frequency change between generations?
Explanation:
Hardy and Weinberg brought forward the Hardy- Weinberg theorem or principle to explain that the allele frequencies in a population change due to certain evolutionary events. If these events do not take place, then the allele frequencies of a population will remain the same. Their theorem explains how evolutionary conditions such as mutations, genetic drift, natural selection cause the allele frequency to change in generations of a population. Hence, option C is correct.
A subatomic particle is removed from an atom to form an ion. A student wants to draw a
diagram of this process. From which part of the atom should the student show the subatomic
particle being removed?
A. from the nucleus of the atom
B. from the inner part of the atom
C. from the innermost energy level of the atom
D. from the outermost energy level of the atom
Answer:
The part of the atom from which a subatomic particle is being removed, to become an ion, and that the student should show is from the outermost energy level of the atom (option D).
Explanation:
Ions are atoms with an electric charge, caused by the gain or loss of electrons. The most external atomic orbital, or energy level, is the one that has the property to acquire or lose electrons so that an atom becomes an ion.
Whereas an electron has a negative charge, two things can happen:
When a given atom gains electrons in its outermost energy level, it acquires a negative charge, and is called an anion. Cations are atoms that lose electrons from the external orbital.In this case, the student must make a scheme that shows the subatomic particle -electron- the atom is losing comes from its outermost orbital.
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What happens when potassium ions continue to enter into the neuron after generation of an action potential?
Please solve this thank tou
Answer:
Option D
Explanation:
The chemical formula of epinephrine is [tex]C_{6} H_2(OH)_3C_3H_6NH[/tex] which contain
Carbon number=9
and Hydrogen number=12
To calculate this, we have to add the valency of the given element.
With regard to metabolic reactions, what does it mean when someone says a molecule has been "reduced"
Example is conversion of NAD+ to NADH+ is an example of reduced in metabolism.
Explanation:
Oxidation and reduction or redox reaction means transfer of electron from one atom to another in a compound.
In photosynthesis and respiration redox reaction are seen.
The substance that gain the electrons in metabolic reaction is said to be reduced.
In respiration process oxygen is being reduced. The NAD+ accepts hydrogen ion and 2 e- to become NADH+H+. These are electron carriers.
The reactions can be seen in glycolysis, Kreb's cycle.
When do new species develop
Answer:
When do new species develop?
New species develop after fertilization has occurred which brought about a new organism or specie callled a zygote. Such new species inherit traits from parents
Explanation:
For a future settlement on the moon, about how long will each period of daylight for the settlers last?
The day on the Moon for any future settlers will last roughly around 29.5 days.
Explanation:
The Moon, as all the space objects that are not bright themselves, have day and night. Every space body though has its own specific duration of the day, and that depends on the speed of rotation around its axis, as well as the position of the other space bodies and do they interfere in any manner. In the case of the Moon, it rotates around its own axis, but also around the Earth, and together with the Earth around the Sun.
One Moon day, if we take its rotation around its axis, lasts 27.3 Earth days. The rotation around the Sun though, and the interference of the Earth actually prolong the day on the Moon, and it is 29.5 Earth days. This mean that any future settlers on the Moon will have a day lasting almost as a whole month on Earth, and that can prove to be a big problem, as such drastic difference can cause lot of psychological and physical problems at organisms evolved for a totally different patterns of day and night.
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Chromosomes contain genes, and genes determine an organism's characteristics. Sometimes mutations occur in which the sequence of nucleotides within a gene becomes altered. Which of the following describes how a gene mutation would most likely affect an organism?
The gene mutation is a permanent adjustment in the DNA sequence that can replicate but differ from another.
Explanation:
There is a constant change of DNA in the process of gene mutation, the gene mutation is a permanent adjustment in the DNA sequence that can replicate but differ from another.
Mutations can take the form of anatomy and deletions, creating a wide variety of lengths known as indels. This insertion and deletion in the sequence of nucleotide is called frame shift mutation.
This result comes out as a complete alteration of amino acid sequence. The who mRNA sequence would be read differently and produce a different kind of amino acid which produces polypeptide chain.
It would cause different proteins to be produced during translation. plzz give me brainliest!!
. Individuals with the following two genotypes are crossed: Aa;Bb;Cc;Dd X AA;Bb;cc;Dd. Which of the following genotypes will be the rarest to observe among the progeny?
a. Aa;Bb;Cc;Dd
b. Aa;BB;Cc;Dd
c. AA;Bb;cc;DD
d. AA;BB;cc;dd
d) AA;BB;cc;dd genotypes will be rarest to observe among the progeny.
Explanation:
Let us cross the given alleles of the gene
Aa X AA Bb X Bb Cc X cc Dd X Dd
A a B b C c D d
A AA Aa B BB Bb c Cc cc D DD Dd
A AA Aa b Bb bb c Cc cc d Dd dd
From the above results of crosses, it can be concluded which of the genotypes is rarest among the progeny. The genotype ratios in:
In the first case it can be both as they are in the ratio of 2:2
In the second case 1:2:1
in the third case 2:2
in the fourth case 1:2:1
So least occurring genotypes are
AA;BB;cc;dd
AA;BB;cc;dd genotypes will be the rarest to observe among the progeny
d. AA;BB;cc;dd
Explanation:
AaBbCcDd X AABbccDd
Aa X AA - AA, AA, Aa, Aa - Genotypic ratio = 1:1
Bb X Bb - BB, Bb, Bb, bb - Genotypic ratio = 1:2:1
Cc X cc - Cc, Cc, cc, cc - Genotypic ratio = 1:1
Dd X Dd - DD, Dd, Dd, dd - Genotypic ratio = 1:2:1
We can see that the heterozygous combinations occur more in number.
Whereas, Homozygous recessive appears the least.
Therefore, the rarest to observe among the proge is AABBccdd as is has two recessive combination.
2. Which body system secretes hormones that help maintain balance?
Answer:
Endocrine Gland
Explanation:
Endocrine gland is also known as ductless gland because it secrets hormones directly into the blood stream rather than passing through a duct or vein.Hormones associated with growth, development, metabolism and reproduction are produced by endocrine glands.Endocrine glands have a feedback system in the body to maintain equilibrium in human body.Endocrine gland controls the functions of other glands so it is also called as Master Gland.What are 2 things you find on a phylogenic tree? Thank you
Phylogenetic tree enriches our understanding of how genes, genomes, species (and molecular sequences more generally) evolve.
Explanation:
A phylogeny, or developmental tree, speaks to the transformative connections among a lot of life forms or gatherings of living beings, called taxa (particular: taxon). A phylogenetic tree can help follow an animal groups back through transformative history, down the parts of the tree, and find their normal family en route.
The foundation of a phylogenetic tree shows that a tribal heredity offered ascend to all life forms on the tree. A branch point demonstrates were two genealogies separated. A genealogy that advanced early and stays unbranched is a basal taxon. At the point when two heredities come from a similar branch point, they are sister taxa.
How do you capture energy from the moon?
Answer:
Twice a day, variations in the Moon's gravitational pull interact with the Earth's gravity and rotation to make tides rise and fall along coastlines and near the mouths of rivers. The kinetic energy in the moving water can be captures and converted into a usable form of energy and water flows through turbines.
Explanation:
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DNA. We have heard that we are a product of our DNA. But where is it? How do we "get" our DNA? It is passed to us, from our parents, but in what form? Review the diagram and then match the labels with the correct locations, A - G.
Answer:
All of the cells in the body expect red blood cells has a copy of our dna. At conception the person receives dna from both their father and their mother. We each have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Each pair one was from the father nd one from the mother. The chromosomes are passed from parents to offspring via sperm and eggs. The specific kind of chromosome that contains a gene determines how that gene is inherited. When a sperm fertilizes an egg the embryo now contains two copies of each autosome one form father and one from the mothe
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Explanation:
All objects anywhere on or near the Earth are
A
pushed away from Earth by the force of repulsion
B. held in place by several forces pushing and pulling on them
C
pulled toward Earth by the force of gravity
D.
Spun in a counterclockwise direction by magnetic forces
Answer:
it's C
Explanation:
I've just finished it
the best way to break the accident chain is to prevent the accident.
true or false?
Answer: True
Explanation:
2. The name given to energy stored in food is
A. glycolysis.
B. a matrix.
C. a calorie.
D. fermentation.
The name given to energy stored in food is called calorie.
Food is a biochemical substance known to supply energy for the body when ingested. Classes of food ingested include carbohydrate, protein, lipid etc. The chemical energy is stored in the bonds that hold the constituent molecules of the food together. Calorie is used to refer to the amount energy present in food molecules. The energy (calories) is broken down and assessed via the process of cellular respiration. Therefore, the name given to energy stored in food is called calorie.Learn more at: https://brainly.com/question/22374134?referrer=searchResults
A cell has 38 chromosomes. After mitosis and cell division, one daughter cell has 39 chromosomes and the other has 37. What might have caused these abnormal chromosome numbers? What effects do you suppose this might have on cell function? Why?
Aneuploidy is the condition that occurs when daughter cells are formed with unequal or abnormal number of chromosomes after mitosis and cell division.
Explanation:
Aneuploidy occurs when homologous chromosomes fail to segregate or rearrange leading to chromosomal nondisjunction. This condition leads to genetic mutations, giving rise to abnormal number chromosomes in the daughter cells, where (2n+1) or (2n-1) haploid daughter cells are formed instead of 2n chromosomes.
Trisomy is the aneuploidic condition caused when there is a third chromosomal (2n+1) copy instead of two copies, which has occurred in the given case leading to formation of daughter cells with 39 chromosomes instead of 38.
Aneuploidy disrupts cell function and can lead to organ malformation as in Down's syndrome, cell multiplication leading to cancers, etc due to disturbance of protein homeostasis.
How do you show the probability of the genotype for a male and a female if they decide to have children?
Answer: The genotype of a female is XX while that of a male is XY. The probability of them having a male child is 1/2 while the probability of having a female child is 1/2.
Explanation: Normally, females have two X chromosomes (XX) while males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome (XY). In a cross between a man and a woman, there is fifty percent chances of having a female child and also fifty percent chances of having a male child. Therefore, the probability of having a female child is 1/2 while the probability of having a male child is also 1/2.
See the punnett square attached