Read the excerpt from The Odyssey.
But when he knew he heard
Odysseus' voice nearby, he did his best
to wag his tail, nose down, with flattened ears,
having no strength to move nearer his master.
And the man looked away,
wiping a salt tear from his cheek:

What does the dog, Argus, represent in this excerpt?
A)loyalty
B)sadness
C)illness
D)ignorance

Answers

Answer 1
A. Loyalty

As through illness or sadness the dog remains loyal to Odysseus
Answer 2

A)loyalty

In the passage the dog is not well enough to run to Odysseus and show his excitement. However, it does say he "did his best to wag his tail." This shows Argus' love and loyalty to his master. It is also clear that Odysseus feels love and loyalty to his dog when he must look away "wiping a salt tear from his cheek." Seeing Argus in distress also causes an emotional reaction from Odysseus.


Related Questions

Question 1 of 20 5.0 points speech delivery is concerned with:
a. presenting the message to the audience.
b. delivering the speech to the speaker.
c. writing the speech to be delivered.
d. brainstorming ideas.

Answers

The correct option is option A.

Answer:

The answer is A.

Explanation:

Which of the following has a singular subject matching with a singular verb?

Question 2 options:

We are all enjoying the vacation.


The volleyball team plays well together.


Holly and Amber are writing papers together tonight.


The puppies are so cute and cuddly.

Answers

The answer is: 
_______________
The volleyball team plays well together.
________________________
Note: All of the other answer choices given are "plural subjects" or "a collective noun" that "functions as a plural subject" with a plural verb.

Read the description.
This type of informational text gives the reader a very limited amount of information about a topic or an event.

Which best identifies the type of informational text that is described?
A. poster
B. manual
C. brochure
D. menu

Answers

A. poster

hope this works

Decide whether the underlined word below is a preposition, interjection or conjunction. during the day’s work.

Answers

preposition 

the preposition is during
it will be a conjunction i think

Has anybody read gift of magi

Answers

I have read the gift of the magi

Answer:

i have very interesting I recommend

Identify the third term in the expansion of (7x – 2y)^3 ...?

Answers

The solution to the problem is as follows:


The third row of Pascal's triange = 1 ... 3 ... 3 ... 1 

(7x - 2y)^3 = 

1(7x)^3 + 3(7x)^2 ( (-2y)^1 )+ 3(7x)^2 ( (-2y)^2 ) + 1( (-2y)^3 ) 

= 343 x^3 + 588 x^2 y^2 - 294 x^2 y - 8y^3


I hope my answer has come to your help. Thank you for posting your question here in Brainly. We hope to answer more of your questions and inquiries soon. Have a nice day ahead!


Which verb form correctly completes the sentence?

Who __________ the last slice of pizza?









A.
eaten







B.
ate







C.
eated







D.
eating

Answers

The answer is B. ate.

What is one way to brainstorm compare-and-contrast topic ideas?

A.
outlining

B.
revising

C.
listing

D.
drafting

Answers

im gonna say it is c listing

correct me if wrong


Listing. All is correct.

What are the themes of the excerpts of H.G Wells' Time machine?

Answers

some major themes may be community, technology and modernization, and change 
1. So, in the end, above ground you must have
the Haves, pursuing pleasure and comfort and beauty,
and below ground the Have-nots,
the Workers getting continually adapted
to the conditions of their labour. - the theme is society and class, because it talks about various workers and their responsibilities

2. We improve our favourite plants and
animals—and how few they are—gradually
by selective breeding; now a new and better peach,
now a seedless grape, now a sweeter and larger flower,
now a more convenient breed of cattle. - the theme is humankind and nature, and our interaction with it and its modification to suit our needs

3. Plainly, this second species of Man was subterranean.
There were three circumstances in particular
which made me think that its rare emergence
above ground was the outcome of a long-continued
underground habit. In the first place,
there was the bleached look common
in most animals that live largely
in the dark—the white fish of the Kentucky caves, for instance - the theme is evolution, and how both animals and humans evolved and changed over time

when does the rising action begin in the story in the white heron

Answers

Final answer:

The rising action in 'A White Heron' begins with the introduction of finger spelling, which serves to build the plot and develop the characters towards the story's climax.

Explanation:

In the story 'A White Heron', the rising action starts with the introduction of finger spelling. This is the point in the narrative where the conflict begins to build, leading towards the climax. Rising action is a critical part of any story's structure, serving to further the plot and develop the characters. In this context, the introduction of finger spelling becomes a key mechanism to move the plot forward, leading the reader towards the story's climax and its eventual resolution.

Learn more about Rising Action in a Story here:

https://brainly.com/question/29841777

#SPJ12

The rising action in "A White Heron" begins when Sylvia meets the young ornithologist searching for the white heron. It involves Sylvia's internal and external conflicts as she decides whether to help him or protect the bird.

In Sarah Orne Jewett's "A White Heron," the rising action starts when Sylvia meets the young ornithologist who is searching for the white heron.

Sylvia's internal and external conflicts begin as she decides whether to help the stranger find the bird for a reward or protect the heron and its habitat.

This part of the story builds tension and suspense as Sylvia’s choices and actions lead her toward the ultimate decision she must make.

The rising action includes sequences where the reader learns about Sylvia’s connection with nature and the growing complexity of her feelings about the ornithologist and the heron. This stage increases intensity through Sylvia's exploratory and contemplative moments, leading up to the climax.

How does Grendel respond to the realization that Beowulf will challenge his fighting skills? a. joyously c. fearfully b. excitedly d. indifferently How does Grendel respond to the realization that Beowulf will challenge his fighting skills? Answer: Fearfully. He has never had to defend himself before.

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

The correct option is c. fearfully. Grendel responds fearfully to the realization that Beowulf will challenge his fighting skills. This fear stems from the fact that he has never before had to defend himself against someone as formidable as Beowulf, a warrior renowned across the lands for his strength and heroism.

The essence of the epic poem Beowulf revolves around heroic deeds and the struggle between the protagonists and antagonists. When Grendel, who had terrorized Heorot and its inhabitants, learns that Beowulf has come to challenge him, he is gripped by fear. This emotion is unprecedented for him as he had previously encountered no resistance commensurate with his own might. In the texts, when Beowulf prepares for this confrontation, he boasts of his past triumphs and is full of confidence. This juxtaposition of confidence and fear among the warriors illuminates the underlying theme of the poem, where strength and valor are tested against formidable foes. Grendel's fearful reaction emphasizes the magnitude of Beowulf's reputation and hints at the inevitable climax of their confrontation, where only one will emerge victorious.

What is it called when you judge the quality of something, such as a literary piece?

A. Aesthetic impact
B. Poetic device
C. Evaluation
D. Comparison

Answers

Answer:

C. Evaluation

Explanation:

who knows facts about colors

Answers

1) Colors are a reflection of light 2) There are primary, secondary, and intermediate colors. 3) Blue + red= Purple 4) Colors can form the mood and tone.
Final answer:

Color perception involves the eye-brain system's recognition of true colors under varying light, described by theories such as color constancy and the visual spectrum. Art, culture, and language can influence our interpretation of colors, highlighting the complex interaction of light reflection, cone cells in the eyes, and cultural context on color perception.

Explanation:Understanding Color Perception

Color perception is a sophisticated sense involving both the physical properties of light and the interpretative power of our neurology. A key aspect of this is color constancy, which is our eye-brain system's ability to determine the true color of an object under varying lighting conditions. The visual spectrum


includes hues from red to violet, distinguished by humans through different combinations of three primary colors—red, blue, and green—which correspond to the types of cones in our eyes. Our remarkable color vision can distinguish roughly 2 million distinct colors.

In the world of art, color is created slightly differently than in nature, but our perception remains the same. An object's color is the result of the light it reflects; in different light, the same object may appear different due to color reflection. This phenomenon is essential to understanding how we perceive color in various contexts and conditions.

Research shows that our language can also influence how we perceive color. Different cultures may perceive color boundaries differently based on the terms they have for each color, supporting both the ideas of linguistic universals and linguistic relativity. These insights underscore the complexity of color perception, which blends physics, biology, and even linguistics.

The doctor says he can cure Lady Macbeth.

Answers

The doctor tells Macbeth that his wife is very ill, and he cannot cure her. Macbeth reacts angrily, telling the doctor he cannot be bothered by such matters. This is so different than the start of the play when Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are shown as a close, loving couple. We know when Macbeth no longer cares about his wife that he is headed for tragedy

In "Macbeth," the doctor says he can cure Lady Macbeth of her condition, which is implied to be related to her psychological distress, but he sets a particular condition which is: a) He can cure her of guilt, but only if she confesses her crimes.

In Act 5, Scene 1, the doctor observes Lady Macbeth sleepwalking and talking in her sleep, revealing her deep-seated guilt over the murders she and Macbeth have committed. The doctor realizes that her condition is beyond his medical abilities, noting that she needs "the divine" more than a physician. He says, "More needs she the divine than the physician. / God, God forgive us all!" implying that her mental turmoil and guilt are spiritual and moral issues that require confession and divine intervention, rather than a medical cure.

Complete Question:

In Macbeth, what does the doctor say he can cure Lady Macbeth of, and what condition does he set? a) He can cure her of guilt, but only if she confesses her crimes. b) He can cure her sleepwalking, but only if Macbeth pays him. c) He can cure her of madness, but only if Macbeth provides him with gold. d) He can cure her of a mysterious illness, but only if she leaves Macbeth.

Which of the following is NOT a key element of plot? A) resolution B) climax C) exposition D) purpose

Answers

D
Purpose is not a key component in a plot.

Which of the following is NOT a key element of plot?

D) Purpose.

The common key elements of a plot are: exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. All of these features structure a plot and form the essential parts that a story usually follows.  

Purpose is not a key element of the plot due to it is not related to the structure but to the story's intention.

The text says that one of the most important aspects of preparation for effectively delivering a speech is practice.
True
False

Answers

your answer is: true
Yes, that's true. Practice makes perfect! :)

who knowns how to type fast

Answers

Well know how to type pretty fast but I'm not.on a computer.

What does Telemachus leave out of his true story when he talks to Penelope

Answers

I am sorry to answer. But can you be more specific.

In "To His Excellency, General Washington," Columbia is used as a symbol for _____ .

Answers

A symbol of American Colonies

All of the following are processes used for designing a research question except __________.



A.

carefully observing behaviors


B.

researching known information


C.

collecting data for the study

D.

establishing questions to guide research



Answers

All of the following are processes used for designing a research question except C. collecting data for the study.

The processes involved in designing a research question typically include carefully observing behaviors, which can help identify areas of interest or gaps in knowledge. Researching known information is also crucial as it allows the researcher to understand the current state of knowledge on the topic and identify what is already known and what requires further investigation. Establishing questions to guide research is the essence of formulating a research question, as it directs the focus of the study and sets the stage for the investigation.  On the other hand, collecting data for the study is a step that comes after the research question has been designed.

In 500-word
Explore the character development of both Jem and Scout in Part I of To Kill a Mockingbird. Be sure to back up your points with direct quotations from the book.

this should be from To kill a mockingbird.

Answers

The theme that I chose was relationships. To Kill A Mockingbird is filled with many different themes but I chose this one because there was so much of it in chapters 1-5, such as Scout and Atticus, Scout and Jem, Scout and Calpurnia, and Boo and Scout and Jem.Scout and Atticus have a very interesting relationship, it is unlike a normal father daughter relationship. The relationship between them does not feel like a father-daughter relationship but more as a teacher-student relationship. It is said that Atticus treats them “with courteous detachment.” Scout states that her and Jem found Atticus “satisfactory.” Scout is a very bright little girl and often asks questions about everything and Atticus is one of the only people that responds to her thoughtfully.Scout and Jem also have a very interesting relationship. He is four years older than her, she is 6 and he is 10. Scout is very naive and often asks questions which Jem can find annoying at times. However, he always answers them, most of the time incorrectly. For example when Scout asks Jem what and entailment is he tells her it is when your tail gets stuck in a crack. Because Scout doesn’t know any better she goes along with it. They are very close, but in Chapter 5 you can see Jem and Dill maturing and not wanting to spend time with Scout because she is a girl.Scout and Calpurnia also have a very interesting relationship. Calpurnia is the hired help and Scout is the “rich” child. However, Calpurnia still disciplines Scout and does not seem to like her much during the first chapter. When Walter Cunningham comes to dinner with Scout and her family Scout says something rude to Walter when he pours syrup over his food. This leads to Calpurnia smacking her and lecturing her. During this time period it was very uncommon for an African-American woman to be disciplining a white child. However, Calpurnia seems to have a soft spot for Scout. When Scout comes home from her first day of school she gives her crackling bread, let her watch her make supper, and kisses her. She even tells her that even though she is loud and always causing trouble the house wasn’t the same without her. This is her way of telling Scout the she missed her and acknowledging the fact that she had been very hard on her in the past.Another interesting relationship is the one between Boo Radley and Scout and Jem. At the beginning of the book when Jem slaps his hand on the side of the house they see the shutters flick, indicating that Boo was watching them from inside. Also, when Jem, Scout, and Dill are “playing Radley” Scout hears a low chuckle from inside the house which again shows that someone was watching them. Scout and Jem also receive gifts from inside a knothole in a tree by the Radley yard. The reader can infer that Boo has been leaving them these gifts.There are so many examples of relationships in chapters 1-5 and I only touched on a few. I think that many people that have siblings can relate to Scout and Jem’s relationship. I think that is one of the reasons this novel is so timeless and considered a Great American Novel.
Final answer:

In 'To Kill a Mockingbird', Jem enters the adolescent phase detaching from Scout and mimicking adults, while Scout grows in understanding societal norms yet maintains her innocence. This reflects the diverging paths of their development.

Explanation:

In Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird, the character development of both Jem and Scout throughout Part I is significant to the progression of the narrative. Jem, growing older, starts detaching himself from Scout and attempts to mimic the adult world – a sign of his impending adolescence. One instance of this is evidenced in the quote, 'I'm big enough to fit in these days and besides I never got in a fight you started somehow.'

On the other hand, Scout, our young protagonist, exhibits growth in understanding the intricate societal norms prevalent in Maycomb and shows a nascent sense of justice, evidenced in her discussion with Atticus on the Tom Robinson case. However, her innocence and naivety are still intact, as in when she is taken aback by the harsh reality of her school where 'The only good thing was that Miss Caroline told me to tell my father not to teach me any more, it would interfere with my reading.'

These instances show the diverging paths into adulthood for these two characters, making it evident that their development plays an instrumental role in the novel.

Learn more about Jem and Scout's development here:

https://brainly.com/question/10037720

#SPJ6


In Morte d’Arthur by Sir Thomas Malory, which element of medieval literature does the disappearance of the Excalibur into the lake represent?

a memorable deed
a quest
an adventure story
the supernatural

Answers

The correct answer is The Supernatural.

Answer:

the supernatural

Explanation:

When King Arthur tossed the sword into the lake, he did as such so no one else could use it, on the grounds that the winged serpent who produced it disclosed to him that he could be the main individual to utilize the sword.

The sword vanished in the lake, as the Lady of the Lake took it to guard it. These components appear sort of supernatural, so I'd state that is the component that the vanishing of the Excalibur into the lake represents.

In a drama, what is the actor’s main responsibility?

Answers

to interrupt how a character feels and acts 

Answer:

The actor’s main responsibility is live in the characters being portrayed

What does Washington Irving introduce first in "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow"? A. The legend of the headless horseman B. The region C. Ichabod Crane's teaching style D. The character of Ichabod Crane

Answers

I think it's B but I'm not a 100% sure

Final answer:

The first element introduced in Washington Irving's 'The Legend of Sleepy Hollow' is the region of Sleepy Hollow, which sets the backdrop for the supernatural and legendary aspects of the story, including the headless horseman and the character of Ichabod Crane.

Explanation:

In Washington Irving's "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow", the author introduces B. The region first. The story commences with a rich description of the setting, providing the backdrop for the legends and characters that inhabit Sleepy Hollow. The region, with its dreamy atmosphere and local superstitions, sets the stage for the supernatural elements that follow. Irving's evocative prose paints a vivid picture of the setting before delving into the specific tales of the headless horseman and the characters such as Ichabod Crane.

The opening paragraphs lay the groundwork for the folklore and context in which the characters operate, mentioning the contagion in the air from the haunted region, which breeds the legendary superstitions. Notably, the introduction of the character of Ichabod Crane and his peculiarities comes after establishing the setting. Likewise, the legend of the headless horseman and Ichabod Crane's teaching style are introduced subsequent to the initial focus on Sleepy Hollow's eerie environment.

What is the meaning of “Barter”? How does the author’s word choice, figurative language, and use of poetic devices convey the meaning and the tone? Use evidence from the text to support your response. Your response should be one or two complete paragraphs. Please Help Me!

Answers

Barter means to trade or exchange goods or services without money. The poem uses word choice, figurative language and poetic devices to convey the meaning of the poem by using imagery, metaphors and connotation. Some examples of this are when the author says

“Music like a curve of gold,

Scent of pine trees in the rain”

in paragraph two. This is an example of imagery.


Which word best describes the author's tone in this excerpt from "That Spot" by Jack London?

I don’t think much of Stephen Mackaye any more, though I used to swear by him. I know that in those days I loved him more than my own brother. If ever I meet Stephen Mackaye again, I shall not be responsible for my actions. It passes beyond me that a man with whom I shared food and blanket, and with whom I mushed over the Chilcoot Trail, should turn out the way he did. I always sized Steve up as a square man, a kindly comrade, without an iota of anything vindictive or malicious in his nature. I shall never trust my judgment in men again. Why, I nursed that man through typhoid fever; we starved together on the headwaters of the Stewart; and he saved my life on the Little Salmon. And now, after the years we were together, all I can say of Stephen Mackaye is that he is the meanest man I ever knew.

excited

ironic

indignant

playful

Answers

indignant

It is clear that the narrator is disappointed and angered by the character he is describing.

The right answer is "indignant "

The text makes it very clear that the author is disappointed with some action taken by Stephen Mackaye who was someone to whom he had great consideration that turned into indignation.

The passage in the text that makes this indignation more evident is : " I always sized Steve up as a square man, a kindly comrade, without an iota of anything vindictive or malicious in his nature. I shall never trust my judgment in men again. Why, I nursed that man through typhoid fever; we starved together on the headwaters of the Stewart; and he saved my life on the Little Salmon. And now, after the years we were together, all I can say of Stephen Mackaye is that he is the meanest man I ever knew. "

Read these lines from Macbeth:
The west yet glimmers with some streaks of day:
Now spurs the lated traveller apace,
To gain the timely inn; and near approaches
The subject of our watch.

Which of the following correctly describes how the word gain is used here?

It suggests an increase of some value.
It suggests earning something.
It suggests reaching a place.
It suggests something owned.

Answers

It suggests reaching a place. 

The answer is "It suggests a reaching place" It you look at the lines it says: To gain the timely inn; and near approaches" Near approaches is a big clue. I hoped i helped. Let me know :)

Read the passage from "The Secret Life of Walter Mitty."

"Not so fast! You're driving too fast!" said Mrs. Mitty. "What are you driving so fast for?"

"Hmm?" said Walter Mitty. He looked at his wife, in the seat beside him, with shocked astonishment.



Which best identifies the mood of this passage?






wrath

contentment

despair

sympathy

Answers

I would think sympathy

itssssssssssssssssss sympathy

I need help with Lesson 9: The Forces of Nature: Unit Test.
For questions 1-5 choose the answer that best matches the word in parenthesis.
1. The (magnitude) of the disaster is hard to imagine.
A. size
B. pain.
C. debris
D. ripple effect
2.) The police officers blocked off the road until all of the (debris) from the accident was cleared.
A. danger
B. evidence
C. rubbish
D. traffic
3.) The oil spill (dispersed) throughout the river, killing hundreds of fish.
A. combusted
B. leaked
C. spread
D. waded

Answers

1. The (magnitude) of the disaster is hard to imagine. A. size: magnitude refers to something big, so size should be the correct answer
2. The police officers blocked off the road until all of the (debris) from the accident was cleared. C. rubbish: all of the remains from the accident
3. The oil spill (dispersed) throughout the river, killing hundreds of fish. C. spread: it went all over the river

1. The answer is A: size. Magnitute means large size or great importance. Ripple effect means one event producing effects that produce further effects.

2. The answer is C: rubbish. Debris means broken or torn pieces of something larger.

3. The answer is C: spread. Dispersed means to scatter or move away over a large area, or to cause this to happen.

To combust: to start to burn.

To wade: to walk through water

To leak: to allow liquid or gas to escape.

English has __________ main tenses and __________ forms of each.

four . . . three
three . . . four
five . . . four
four . . . five

Answers

3 or 4 would the answer

Hey there! This is how the question is written.


English has three main tenses and four forms of each.



Other Questions
That package was sent -to Paris identify the phrase A. Adverb phrase B.appositive phrase C. Adjective phrase D. Infinitive phrase Clancy is bitten by a wild animal. he is at risk of contracting: typhus tuberculosis scarlet fever rabies What characteristic distinguishes the five groups of fungi? 12 is what percent of 30 Determine the unit price to the nearest tenth of a cent, and then determine the better buy. Option A: 12 eggs for $2:30 or Option B: 18 eggs for $3.25 what is sap from a plant. What does sap do to plants Which of the following describes the general relationship between genes and personality? a.A genetic predisposition does not necessarily imply genetic inevitability. b.Personality problems that have a genetic component will inevitably occur if a person has the particular gene(s). c.In spite of genetic dispositions and temperament, we can transform our personality completely. d.Individual personality traits are likely to depend on a single gene. Read this excerpt from act III, scene II, of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet:NURSE: There's no trust,No faith, no honesty in men; all perjured,All forsworn, all naught, all dissemblers. Ah, where's my man? give me some aqua vitae:These griefs, these woes, these sorrows make me old.Shame come to Romeo!JULIET: Blister'd be thy tongueFor such a wish! he was not born to shame: Upon his brow shame is ashamed to sit;For 'tis a throne where honour may be crown'dSole monarch of the universal earth.O, what a beast was I to chide at him!Amy is writing a literary analysis essay about how the dialogue in Romeo and Juliet reveals the personalities of the characters. Which sentence best explains Shakespeare's choice of language in Juliet's lines?A. It shows how calmly Juliet accepts the news of Romeos disappearance.B. It shows how Juliet puts on a brave face upon hearing about Romeo's banishment.C. It shows how Juliet is forcefully determined to defend her husband's honor.D. It shows how Juliet curses the nurse for shaming Romeo.E. It shows how Juliet possesses a wide range of emotions. A story in which things represent parts of a doctrine or theme is an a. allegory b. epic c. allusion. First one to answer these science questions will get brainliest/5 star/ thanks7. Which is most like a glacier changing Earth's land?A. a bird lapping water from a puddleB. a boy raking leaves into a pileC. a stream rushing down a hillD. a bulldozer pushing and piling anything in its path8. Which of the following weather events can help nature?A. floodsB. tornadoesC. hurricanesD. landslides9. Which of the following describes how sediment (weathered rock and soil) moves from one place to another?A. Flying insects and birds carry itB. it is carried through the roots of plantsC. It is carried by rapidly moving waterD. it is carried in the waste products of animals10. Gravity pulls rainwater downhill and the flowing water erodes the landscape by _______.A. forming sand dunesB. washing away soilC. forming a desertD. moving rocks and boulders11. What is one way that scientist learn about Earth's interior?A. by comparing soil samplesB. by studying seismograms recorded during earthquakesC. by using telescopesD. by taking x-rays12. What parts of Earth did glaciers cover during the Ice Age?A. all of earthB. only areas near the north pole and south poleC. much of earth, including parts that are much warmer toadyD. only oceans, not land I need help on number 2 pls A plan for saving and spending money is called a(n) The American Heart Association recommends a diet with a maximum of A. 30 percent of Calories from unsaturated fat, in addition to 10 percent from saturated fats. B. 50 percent of Calories from saturated fats. C. 30 percent of Calories from fat, of which only 7 percent should be from saturated fats and 1 percent from trans fats. D. 40 percent of Calories from fat, of which only 20 percent should be from unsaturated fats. the church's interpretation of the bible was ridiculed in what work ? Which loan type isn't secured with collateral?a. None of the answers are correctb. Auto loansc. Mortgages (home loans)d. Subsidized student loanse. All of the answers are correctf. Small business loansSubmit A department store has a discount on shoes based on a percentage of the price suppose one pair of shoes is marked down from $70 to $49 what is the price for a $100 pair of shoes after the discount is applied Factor the expression.x squared-25 Toilet readiness can occur as early as? Complete the following statement: today, the standard unit of time is defined in terms of How would you decide whether 3/5 or 59% is greater? Steam Workshop Downloader