Answer: Racial Profiling
Explanation: Racial Profiling is the act of suspecting a certain race based on assumptions and the jungle view that certain crimes belongs to a particular race or are often perpetuated by a particular race. This is a direct opposite of psychological profiling where crime scene evidence and behavioural pattern are used to get to a criminal.
For example; Racial Profiling is when you make a conclusion that all Arabs are terrorist or all Nigerians are internet scammers. All these are baseless and only supported by assumptions.
This type of profiling only brings disunity as well as distrusted among the citizens and the security forces in such areas.
A professor hands out an examination. According to the syllabus, the exam was supposed to cover Chapters 11 and 12. The students are shocked to see that the exam is covering Chapters 13 and 14 instead. This examination clearly lacks:_______.
Answer:
Validity
Explanation:
Validity in psychology describes when a test is a true representation of what it was meant to be. It is a function of a good reliability and consistency. If the true examination which was supposed to cover a particular chapter now covers a different ones then the examination lacks validity
There are various types of validity which includes face validity, content validity, criterion validity and discriminant validity
Early visual language systems were complex and required knowledge of hundreds of signs and symbols, whereas an alphabet, a set of visual symbols or characters that represent the elementary ______ of a spoken language, require only twenty to thirty easily learned signs.
Answer:
...an alphabet, a set of visual symbols or characters that represent the elementary sounds of a spoken language, require only twenty to thirty easily learned signs.
Explanation:
An alphabet is comprised of graphemes or letters, which represent a sound unit or phoneme in the spoken language. The letters in an alphabet usually present a specific order. Unlike visual language that uses signs and symbols, alphabets are simpler to remember and to learn. Instead of memorizing hundreds, sometimes even thousands of symbols, countries that have adopted an alphabet can use a small amount of letters to represent all the words used in their languages.
Language systems consist of symbols representing sounds, with alphabets being a set of visual symbols for spoken language elements. The English alphabet, comprising twenty-six letters, simplifies communication compared to early complex visual language systems.
Which burden of proof is used in civil matters? "Beyond a reasonable doubt" "Preponderance of evidence" "Clear and present danger" "The average person"
Answer:
Beyond a reasonable doubt
Burden of proof is a form of obligation to prove one's assertion.
In civil cases, the plaintiff has the burden of proving his case by a preponderance of the evidence.
Burden of proof often connotes the last point that a party seeking to prove a fact in court must reach in order to have that fact legally established.In civil cases, the plaintiff has the burden of proving his case by a preponderance on the proofs that was presented in court.We can say that Burden of proof is simply the last resort or point in any cases.
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Tamara is deathly afraid of coming in contact with germs. So, her therapist gradually exposes Tamara to "unclean" things, such as touching dirt or taking a bite of an unwashed piece of fruit, while in a calm, relaxed, and supportive environment. This technique is known as:______.
a. systematic desensitization.
b. vicarious conditioning.
c. spontaneous recovery.
d. modeling.
Answer:
a. systematic desensitization.
Explanation:
Systematic desensitization: In psychology, the term "systematic desensitization" is described as one of the 'behavioral techniques" that is being generally used by different psychologists to treat phobias, fear, and anxiety disorders.
A psychologist who uses systematic desensitization on his or her clients engages the client in a few relaxation exercises and then eventually expose the client to a distinct "anxiety-provoking stimulus" such as place, object, etc.
Goal: It is considered as one of the therapeutic interventions that help in eliminating anxiety or fearful situations.
In the question above, the given technique is known as systematic desensitization.
A broker was accused of violating antitrust laws. The violations of which she was accused is most likely a. not having an equal housing opportunity sign in her office window. b. undisclosed dual agencies. c. allocation of customers and price fixing. d. dealing in unlicensed exchange services.
Option C
The violations of which she was accused is most likely allocation of customers and price fixing.
Explanation:
Brokers have been implicated in fixing fees among them. Undisclosed dual agency is a crime of state license law; appropriate housing laws conclude whether an equivalent opportunity notice should be presented. "Price fixing" covers any agreement by bidding vendors that sets an accepted price or contrarily decides how the price will be fixed among those vendors.
The contract to fix the price may transpire at the comprehensive or the retail level. Agreements among opponents that set bounds for pricing, such as fixing a minimum or maximum price, are also forbidden.
Researchers have found that despite the number of color names in a language, the basic abilities to perceive color are unchanged. This finding would be troublesome for the theory of __________.
Answer:
Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf
Explanation:
Their theory states that the structure of a language determines or greatly influences the modes of thought and behavior characteristic of the culture in which it is spoken.
The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is the theory that an individual's thoughts and actions are determined by the language or languages that individual speaks. It goes further to say that language shapes our thinking and behavior. Based on what researcher found out about perception of color remaining unchanged despite their names in different language is something that tend to pull down the theory of Sapir and Whorf.
The United States has considered a national health care system that would guarantee medical care to all citizens as a basic human right. The government's involvement in providing health care for all citizens is characteristic of which type of economic system
Answer:
A command economic system.
Explanation:
A command economic system is the type whereby the a large part of the economic system is controlled by a central power which often happens to be the federal government.
This type of government tends to develop when the country has a large resources leading to the government stepping in to control and regulates the resources which involves ownership of things ranging from industrial process to medical healthcare facilities.
The government involvement in providing health care for all citizens is a characteristics of a command economic system.
2. Define motivation and identify the two important effects it has on our behavior. Describe at least three ways in which motivation and emotion are very similar to each other (almost interchangeable concepts). (5 pts.)
Answer: Motivation is seen as a drive or push for success
Explanation:
Motivation could be defined as a drive or push to do a task and do it well or till the end. It may be born out of a price or an aim to meet a target.
Emotion and motivation are similar against each other by the following;
i) If you're not emotional stable you can't be motivational or driven my motivation
ii) The vehicle in which motivation is driven is emotions. Emotion and motivation work very well together
iii) Motivation's are also built from emotional event, Maybe out of failure, somebody failed and due to the pain, they promise themselves to do very well the next time, that's motivation born out of emotions.
Which of the following will decrease the aggregate quantity of output supplied? Group of answer choices A decrease in the labor force A decrease in net exports A decrease in the price level A decrease in wages
Answer:
Decrease in labour force
Explanation:
Aggregate quantity of output supplied can only be negatively imacted by a decrease in labour force or the number of workers able and willing to put in the work required to meet production targets.
A decrease in net exportscan be caused by any number of issues which may not impact output levels. downward price fluctuations or wage reduction do not have a direct relationship with output levels.
Throughout the ancient and medieval periods in India’s history, the region of the world most important for developments in the subcontinent was________________________
Throughout the ancient and medieval periods in India’s history, the region of the world most important for developments in the subcontinent was central Asia.
Explanation:
Central Asia is rich in hydro carbon resources. Central Asian hydrocarbons would improve Europe’s energy security. Central Asia is a land bridge between Europe and China. In recent years China has became increasingly interested in the region as a trading route to Europe.
Central Asian nations are important because of their close ties to Turkey.Central Asian countries are rich in oil, natural gas, and other resources, and therefore, it makes sense for the Chinese to extend their economic muscle to that part of the world.
Bruce wants to be a loving husband but at the same time wants to express his disgust for some of his wife's habits. According to Freud, Bruce's ego might enable him to partially satisfy both desires. True or false?
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Bruce wants to be a loving husband but at the same time wants to express his disgust for some of his wife's habits. According to Freud, Bruce's ego might enable him to partially satisfy both desires. This is true because while he's trying to act as a loving husband he also wants to show to his wife that he detests some of her habits hence a partial satisfaction of both desires.
True. According to Freudian psychoanalytic theory, the ego acts as a mediator between the id (the instinctual desires) and the superego (the moral and societal standards).
In this scenario, Bruce's desire to be a loving husband represents his superego, while his disgust for his wife's habits represents his id. The ego's function is to find a compromise between these conflicting desires and to satisfy them to some extent.
Therefore, Bruce's ego might enable him to partially satisfy both desires by finding ways to express his concerns about his wife's habits while still maintaining a loving and respectful attitude toward her.
This could involve open and honest communication, setting boundaries, or seeking compromises in their relationship.
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__________ is a common law doctrine by which federal and state governments historically have been immune from liability for harm suffered from the torturous conduct of employees.
Answer:
Sovereign immunity
Explanation:
Sovereign immunity otherwise known as crown immunity is the law protecting a federal or state from being sued or criminally prosecuted without the consent of the sovereign state.
Sovereign immunity is a function of jurisdiction; a state may not be prosecuted outside its jurisdiction. This sovereign immunity also be referred to as jurisdiction immunity
Answer:
Sovereign immunity
Explanation:
Sovereign immunity is the way in which Federal and State Governments has immunity, whereby they cannot commit a legal wrong and criminal prosecution . In another case a sovereign state or government cannot be sued before the court of another sovereign state or government without its consent .
Sovereign immunity are often use to protect these individuals and to allow them to perform their job without fear of legal action against them.
Harold Garfinkel conducted experiments in which students were encouraged to pursue the precise meaning of general or casual comments. The intent was to uncover the ________ that people use to structure and organize everyday conversation.
Answer:
Background expectancies
Explanation:
Harold Garfinkel conducted experiments in which students were encouraged to pursue the precise meaning of general or casual comments. The intent was to uncover the backgroung expectancies that people use to structure and organize everyday conversation
According to Garfinkel, the most efficient way to explore how ordinary members of the society produce and recognize the commonly known world of daily affairs is a deliberate breaching of background expectancies we rely on in everyday life. It is background expectancies that provides for the recognizability of routine situations as natural, unproblematic, taken-for-granted. These expectancies constitute what is known as “common sense,” and offer to what is happening its character of reality “known in common with others”. If these expectations are not met (as a result of a special procedure), people begin to make efforts to normalize what is happening, which suggest the sociologist how the daily life in society is organized. Through such breaching experiments Garfinkel shows what are the structural grounds of persons’ common understandings in communication and of systematic manifestations of social affects.
Answer:
The correct answer is: Background expectancies.
Explanation:
Backgroung expectancies is a term used in sociology that can be understood as norms that are implicit and preconditioned in everyday social interactions. Background expectancies are implicit norms that are in the background of daily situations such as going to the doctor's office and how one expects to be treated there and the conversations that one should expect in a doctor's office, and so on.
Harold Garfinkel conducted multiple experiments in which he evaluated this implicit norms and background expectancies.
In conclusion, the intent of his experiments was to uncover the background expectancies that people use to structure and organize everyday conversation.
To study interaction between prison guards and inmates, a sociologist lived at a prison for several months. Only the warden and a few other administrators knew he had not been convicted of a crime. This is an example of
Answer:
participant observation
Explanation:
Participant observation: In psychology, sociology, & anthropology, the term "participant observation" is described as one of the research techniques which is distinguished as the tendency of a researcher or an experimenter to observe the interested participants or subjects in their natural environment as being one of the members in the specific population of interest.
In the question above, the given statement is an example of participant observation.
As they are playing Ring Around the Rosie, some children are spinning around and around. When they stop they still feel as though they are spinning because their semicircular canals and _____ receptors have not returned to their neutral state.
Final answer:
Children feel like they are still spinning after playing Ring Around the Rosie because their semicircular canals, which are involved in balance and spatial orientation, haven't stabilized yet. Fluid movement within these canals sends signals to the brain regarding head rotation.
Explanation:
As they are playing Ring Around the Rosie, some children may feel as though they are still spinning even after they stop because their semicircular canals and the receptors within them have not returned to their neutral state. The semicircular canals are fluid-filled tubular loops set at oblique angles, arranged in three spatial planes, and play a crucial role in our vestibular sense, which governs balance and spatial orientation. When the head turns, the fluid in the canals moves, which bends the stereocilia of the hair cells and sends neural signals to the brain about head rotation. This mechanism explains why sudden acceleration or deceleration, rather than constant velocity, stimulates these receptors. The sensation that the children experience is similar to holding a glass of water that splashes when moving, but not while still. The semicircular canals detect changes in velocity, not the velocity itself.
In his research on fraud, Cressey found that the ________ view allowed professionals to excuse their criminal behavior since, "all people steal when they get in a tight spot."
Answer:
Rationalization is defined as excuses and justification for deviant behavior.
Explanation:
Neutralization/Rationalization refers to a criminal theory in which a person is allowed to justify a criminal act. this technique is generally used by criminals to justify their actions. This concept is used by white collar offenders, which prohibit them from carrying out such acts. the offender denies/rejects to recognize its action.
Which form of entertainment gives brands the ability to use the social entertainment zone without the expenses of paid media space or content production?
Branded form of entertainment gives brands the ability to use the social entertainment zone without the expenses of paid media space or content production.
Explanation:
Digital movies, novels, comics or books, digital games, music, etc is known as the branded content often regarded a umbrella term. Some also respond to it as a more advanced version of product placement, in which customers receive indirect or non-interruptive advertised messaging. Branded content or branded entertainment is marketing activity through the production of content that is sponsored or created outright by an advertiser. Many movie launch, trailer launch, book launch, etc are very keen to use advertising sectors for the promotion of the respective work.
The state of the union address requires the president to update the on what is going on in the country. What kind of address then is used for local governments?
Answer:
The State of the City Address
Explanation:
The State of the City Address or State of the City Speech is a speech typically given once every year by the mayors of many cities in the United States and commonly called as State of the City Address (SOCA). The State of the City Address is delivered to the city council of the city. In another parlance, the State of the City Address is synonyms to the address given by the President of the United States, which is known as the State of the Union address and the address given by a Governor of a US state, also known as the State of the State address.
Answer:
state of the city address
Explanation:
The state of the city address is a speech given by the Majors of the the various local governments in the united states of America and this speech is usually given once in a year by each major of every local government.
It is used to update the council of what the city is doing which includes the various projects been undertaken by the local government, areas of the city that requires improvements and the level at which each project is currently at and also the policy agenda of the next year is also discussed in the speech by the Mayor.
Burger and Pavelich (1994) found that voters were more likely to attribute the outcome of an election to the candidate's personal traits and positions the day after a presidential election, and to the nation's economy a year after the election. This represents which of the following explanations for the fundamental attribution error? a. actor-observed difference. b. camera perspective bias. c. changing perspectives trend. d. self-awareness phenomenon.
Answer: c. changing perspectives trend.
Explanation: This means our perspective follow a certain direction over time, which seems to be common in most people .
"attribute the outcome of an election to the candidate's personal traits and positions the day after a presidential election, and to the nation's economy a year after the election. " This shows a trend of our perspective , a direction it goes from.
When Beatrice was a baby, her first word was mama. When she was 10 years old and capable of more complex thinking, Beatrice was able to solve a puzzle by picturing the solution in her mind. In this example, the word mama is a(n) ______________ representation, and the visualized solution is a(n) ______________ representation.
Question options:
-abstract; concrete
-concrete; abstract
-symbolic; analogical
-analogical; symbolic
Answer:
symbolic; analogical
Explanation:
Mental maps are based on symbolic and analogical representations. Symbolic representations mentally map or associate objects/physical properties with symbols; expression of mental processes with symbols such as texts or sounds as illustrated by Beatrice when she associates "mama" to her mother.
Analogical representations are expression of mental processes in the form of mental pictures so that it captures the physical properties of the object as Beatrice shows when she is 10 years old.
A student is anxious about an upcoming examination but is able to study intently and does not become distracted by a roommate's talking and loud music. What level of anxiety is demonstrated by the student's ability to shut out the distractions?
Answer: Mild Anxiety
Explanation: Anxiety is a certain feeling of restlessness, unease, worries etc. It could be mild or severe, the seriousness or level of this feelings can term it to either be severe or just mild.
The student was able to study for his upcoming examination without distractions, this shows that the anxiety level of the student was mild, it was just a little bit of worries but was put under control and the student didn't allow it run his life.
When Joe arrives at the library, he can choose from any of several strategies that might help him find the book he needs. He could examine all the books on every shelf, and be certain that he would eventually find the book he wants, but this strategy would take too long. Joe decides instead to ask a librarian to direct him to the appropriate section of the library. Joe is using
Answer:
A heuristic
Explanation:
Heuristic can be likened to a mental shortcut aimed at easing the cognitive load of making a choice or decision. It is expressed in trial and error, profiling, rule of thumb, an educated guess and common sense.
It is a rule or method that helps you solve problems faster than you would if you did all the colouring.
Joe asking the Librarian to help him is typical of a heuristic approach.
Joe is using strategies for gathering reliable information by consulting a reference librarian, which helps him to efficiently locate relevant resources in the library.
When Joe decides to ask a librarian to direct him to the appropriate section of the library, he is utilizing strategies for gathering reliable information. This approach is far more efficient than examining all the books on every shelf, and it ensures that Joe is directed to relevant resources without having to sift through the entire library collection. By consulting with a reference librarian, Joe is taking advantage of the librarian's knowledge and the organizing systems of the library to streamline his search process.
Librarians can provide invaluable assistance, giving tips on how to use search tools and offering strategies to locate and identify the best sources for a particular project. Moreover, the library's online catalog is a key resource that can help locate books in the library stacks efficiently. It can also indicate related books that are shelved nearby, which can be discovered through shelf-reading, enhancing the breadth of accessible information on the subject matter.
Finally, the process where librarians search other libraries to locate a book is an additional strategy to ensure comprehensive research. This multi-step search approach, with guidance from the knowledgeable staff, makes the task of finding specific books much more manageable and effective.
The local chapter of the American Red Cross has expressed concern because blood donations are down. It has received a report from the national American Red Cross, which shows why people are reluctant to donate blood. This report is an example of _____ data.
Answer:
Secondary data
Explanation:
Secondary data is the data collected by the researcher for investigation previously. This data can be assessed by the researcher. The secondary data is opposite or contrast to the primary data. Primary data is like the data collected directly.
The secondary is the data which increases the sampling data. It is the source of a large research project. The big source of secondary data is government libraries, internet, departments. Social media is the largest source of research. It is is the interest source for investigators.
Final answer:
The American Red Cross report on why people are reluctant to donate blood is an example of secondary data, which is information collected by someone else. Using it alongside local statistics can help develop targeted strategies for increasing donations.
Explanation:
The report from the national American Red Cross detailing why people are reluctant to donate blood is an example of secondary data. Secondary data refers to information that has been collected by someone else and is being used by the local chapter for their analysis. It is important to use this data to understand broader trends and factors that might be influencing blood donation rates. However, it's also vital to consider local characteristics which might not be fully represented in national data.
By combining this secondary data with local statistics, more targeted strategies to increase blood donations could be developed. In this case, the report provides information about the concerns and reasons behind the decrease in blood donations, based on data collected by the national American Red Cross.
The critical difference between social structure theory and structuralism is that social structure uses castes and ranking in society to arrive at generalizations about society, while structuralism uses public opinions to form qualitative analyses.True / False.
Answer:
TrueExplanation:
The patterned social arrangements in the society that emerge form the actions of the individuals is called social structure.
Karl Mark presented one of the earliest theories of social structure, he related religious cultural and political life with the mode of production.The three sub type social structure theory are: culture conflict theory, strain theory and disorganisation theory.
While structuralism is a methodology according to which human culture needs to be understood by their relationship to an overarching structure or system. Structuralism tries to reveal the structure that is under all the things humans do, such as perception, feeling and thinking.
The major difference between them is the approach. Social structure use the observational methods to arrive at conclusions about society while structuralism used qualitative, interpretive and subjective analysis.
Gloria is 85 years old and having trouble with her hearing. She worked in a factory for many years at a time when there were no regulations against too-high sound levels. The most likely reasons for her sensorineural hearing loss are normal aging and:
Answer: Prolonged exposure to loud noise
Explanation: Hearing loss or impairment could be explained as the damage or impairment of the inner ear resulting in deafness.
It could be caused by injury, aging, excessive exposure to loud noise and infections among others.
However From Gloria's history or details , which identified her to have worked in a factory at a time when there was no regulation on the tether of sound level for many years.
Gloria's sensorineural hearing loss is likely due to normal aging and her long-term exposure to high levels of noise at her workplace, which can damage the inner ear or nerve pathways, often resulting in permanent hearing loss.
Explanation:The most likely reasons for Gloria's sensorineural hearing loss apart from normal aging could be the long-term exposure to loud noise at her workplace. Sensorineural hearing loss is the result of damage to the inner ear or the nerve pathways that connect the inner ear to the brain. High levels of noise, especially over a long duration of time, can lead to this kind of damage, often resulting in permanent hearing loss. It's important to note that repeated exposure to loud noise over a period of time significantly increases the risk of sensorineural hearing loss.
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Shawn is reviewing a performance appraisal instrument with a scale of 1-10. Each number has a descriptive statement next to it, from 1 (rarely explains expectations or gives direction when assigning work) to 10 (makes expectations clear, asks questions when giving direction, listens to employees' questions). This is an example of a(n):
Answer: Behavior-based appraisal instrument
Explanation:
Behavior-based appraisal instrument is the instrument that describe about performance of a person through evaluating an analyzing behavior of that person on a certain scale.This scale ranges from poor to excellent type of ratings.
According to the question, example of behavior-based appraisal instrument is depicted through scenario as scale instrument used for describing performance is based on behavior evaluation of people from rare expectation explanation to most clear expectation explanation.
Nicole's parents are often inconsistent in terms of their behaviors and what they say. For example, they often tell Nicole how important it is to be polite, but are not very polite themselves when it comes to letting other people off airplanes or giving up seats in public buses. How would one expect this contradiction to impact Nicole's behavior
Answer:
She would unconsciously be rude in her behavior but always talk about the importance of being polite
Explanation:
The actions of her parents doesn't match with the word they say often to her, over time she inculcate the way her parents does things and she herself will begin to exhibit such behavior with verbal affirmation for politeness.
What did Descartes discover in the 2nd Meditation that he cannot doubt? Explain why he cannot doubt this. What is the latin expression for his famous claim?
Descartes discovers that the physical world does not exist, but because he can doubt the physicality of the world, he must exist.
Explanation:
In the second Meditation Descartes discovers that the Physical world is not real, or does not exist as it is believed to exist in its permanence. This would imply that Descartes himself does not exist in himself, as he is part of the physical world too.
This leads him to think about his doubts too. The fact that he is able to doubt this existence means that he can see that his existence cannot be doubted.
His existence is thus different from his physical existence.
Then the Latin phrase was come up with that is 'cogito ergo sum' or meaning 'I think, therefore I am.'
Trey is studying for a science exam and needs to remember the eight planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Trey comes up with the following mnemonic to help him remember: My Very Excited Mother Just Served Us Nectarines. Trey's strategy is an example of _____
Trey's strategy is an example of meta-memory.
Explanation:
Meta-memory is a strategy that involves in self-monitoring of memory power. Meta-memory generally refers to knowledge and awareness of our own memory processes.
Meta-memory strategy will be commonly followed by students for memorizing their answers. They usually follow some tricks, clue words or cues to memorize the answers strongly.
In the above scenario, Trey follows meta-memory strategy to memorize the planets name for his science exam. He uses mnemonic technique to remember the planets name.
Trey used a mnemonic device, specifically an acrostic, to remember the order of the planets. Mnemonic devices help in transferring information to long-term memory and include various types such as acronyms and acrostics. Such techniques make it easier to recall information and improve academic performance.
Explanation:Trey's strategy of remembering the eight planets is an example of a mnemonic device. Mnemonic devices are powerful tools for aiding in the retention of information and transitioning that information from short-term to long-term memory. These methods are versatile and can be tailored to various types of content, including mathematical operations, scientific concepts, or historical facts.
One common form of mnemonic device is an acronym, where each letter in a word stands for another word, as seen in HOMES for the Great Lakes. Another type is an acrostic, which is a sentence where the first letters of each word indicate the sequence of items to remember, like "Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally" for the order of operations in math. Trey utilized an acrostic for the planetary order in our solar system: My Very Excited Mother Just Served Us Nectarines (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune).
The effectiveness of a mnemonic device often depends on its vividness and uniqueness. Not only do these strategies make recalling information easier, but they also make the learning process more engaging and enjoyable. By using mnemonic devices, students can enhance their memory and improve their performance in various academic fields.
The level of an organization's external environment that contains components having broad long-term implications for managing the organization is the ________.
Answer: General Environment
Explanation:
General environment is defined as environment r space that is present outside of organization.It contains various factors that impacts organization operation and functioning through forces and task environment.
Forces such as demographic forces,technological force,macroeconomic forces, global segment,political force and sociocultural force are included in general environment.