Phosgene (carbonyl chloride), COCl2, is an extremely toxic gas that is used in manufacturing certain dyes and plastics. Phosgene can be produced by reacting carbon monoxide and chlorine gas at high temperatures: CO(g)+Cl2(g)⇌COCl2(g) Carbon monoxide and chlorine gas are allowed to react in a sealed vessel at 479 ∘C . At equilibrium, the concentrations were measured and the following results obtained: Gas Partial Pressure (atm) CO 0.720 Cl2 1.17 COCl2 0.170 What is the equilibrium constant, Kp, of this reaction?

Answer:

B. Both electrons of Mg should be transferred to one O.

Explanation:

Metals react by loosing electrons while non metals react by gaining electrons.

Reactions occur as each element strives to attain an octet electron configuration in the outer energy level.

It is easier for magnesium to loose 2 electrons than to gain six because loosing the two requires less energy.

Oxygen on the other hand reacts by gaining the two electrons lost by magnesium since it is easier to gain the two than to loose the six. Gaining the two electrons for oxygen requires less energy than loosing the six.

In summary, magnesium looses two electrons that are transferred to oxygen.

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Isotopes are variants of an element that have a different number of neutrons. Essentially, their only different is that their weight varies from the original element.

Therefore, they are similar in that they have the same number of protons, same number of electrons, and overall, the properties (apart from weight) are the same.

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Answer:

Explanation:

1) Data:

a) M = ?

b) % mass = 18.2%

c) Solute: CaCl₂

d) d = 1.18 g/ml

2) Formulae:

a) Molarity

M = n/V, where M is molarity, n is number of moles of solute, and V is the volumen of solution in liters.

b) Density

d = m/V, where d is the density of the solution, m is the mass in grams, V is the volume in liters.

c) Number of moles

n = mass in grams / molar mass, where n is the number of moles.

d) % mass

% = (mass of solute / mass of solution) × 100

3) Solution:

a) Start by assuming a base amount: 100 g of solution.

b) Calcualte the volume (V) of the solution:

                            V = 100 g / 1.18 g/ml = 84.75 ml

                            V = 0.08475 liter

c) Calculate the mass of solute:

        ⇒ mass of solute = % × mass of solution / 100 = 18.2 × 100 g / 100

            mass of soiute = 18.2 g

d) Calculate the number of moles of solute (n)

e) Calculate the molarity (M) of the solution

The answer is reported with 3 significant figures, since the data have 3 significant figures.

Answer:

The Molarity of the aqueous solution that is 18.2% by mass calcium chloride is 1.94 moles/liter.

Key points:

                      = (mass of solute/mass of the solution)×100%.

Step by Step Explanation:

Step 1: Calculate the mass of the solute.

Percentage of solute by mass is 18.2%.

Assuming the mass of the solution to be 100g, then;

percentage by mass =  (mass of solute/mass of the solution)×100%.

                  = 18.2 % = (x/100) × 100

                  = 0.182 = x/100

                         x = 18.2 g

Thus, mass of solute = 18.2 g

Step 2: Calculating the volume of the solution.

Density of the solution is 1.18 g/ml

But, density = mass/volume

Thus, Volume = mass/density

Mass of the solution is 100 g

Therefore;

Volume = 100 g/ 1.18 g/ml

             = 84.75 mL or 0.08475 L

Step 3: Calculating the number of moles of the solute, Calcium chloride,

Number of moles = mass of solute/ molecular mass of solute

Mass of solute = 18.2 g

Molecular mass of Calcium chloride is 110.98 g/mol

Thus;

Number of moles = 18.2 g/110.98 g/mol

                             = 0.164 mole

Step 4: Calculating the molarity of the solution;

Molarity = number of moles/ volume in L

       number of moles = 0.164 mole

       Volume in L = 0.08475 L

Therefore;

Molarity = 0.164 mole/0.08475 L

              = 1.94 moles/L or 1.94 M

Answer:

Keq = [C]^c[D]^d/[A]ᵃ[B]ᵇ

Explanation:

Keq = [C]^c[D]^d/[A]ᵃ[B]ᵇ

Considering the definition of Kc, the equilibrium constant of aA + bB ⇄ cC + cD is

[tex]Kc=\frac{[C]^{c} [D]^{d} }{[A]^{a} [B]^{b} }[/tex]

Equilibrium is a state of a reactant system in which no changes are observed as time passes, despite the fact that the substances present continue to react with each other. In other words, reactants become products and products become reactants and they do so at the same rate.

In other words, chemical equilibrium is established when there are two opposite reactions that take place simultaneously at the same speed.

The concentration of reactants and products at equilibrium is related by the equilibrium constant Kc. Its value in a chemical reaction depends on the temperature.

Considering the expression of a generic reaction aA + bB ⇄ cC + cD, the value of Kc is

[tex]Kc=\frac{[C]^{c} [D]^{d} }{[A]^{a} [B]^{b} }[/tex]

That is, the constant Kc is equal to the multiplication of the concentrations of the products raised to their stoichiometric coefficients by the multiplication of the concentrations of the reactants also raised to their stoichiometric coefficients.

In summary, the equilibrium constant of aA + bB ⇄ cC + cD is

[tex]Kc=\frac{[C]^{c} [D]^{d} }{[A]^{a} [B]^{b} }[/tex]

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Gold is Au on the periodic table

Answer:

False

Explanation:

The force of gravity is not only determined by the mass of the two objects but also the distance.

The law of universal gravitation states the product of the masses is directly proportional to the gravitational force, but it is also indirectly proportional to the square of the distance between them.

In other words, the greater the masses of each the greater the gravitational force, but the greater the distance between the two, the weaker the gravitational force.

By space travel.

Or aeroplanes.

Whichever one is in your choices

Answer:

1. Sodium hydrogen  - Base

2. Barium hydroxide solution  - Acid

3. Carbonate solution - Base

Explanation:

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Answer:A pseudo-noble gas configuration is: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10. Cu^+ has this electron configuration.  The answer is C)

Explanation:

[tex]\bold{Cu^+}[/tex] ions have a "pseudo-noble-gas" electron configuration.

The ion with the [tex](n-1) d^{10}[/tex] electron configuration is known as Nobel gas. The nature of noble gas is that the cations in this electron configuration are stable.

The Pseudo-noble gas has the electron configuration as:

[tex]1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 3d^{10}[/tex]

Since, [tex]Cu^+[/tex] ion has the same configuration. The example of Nobel gas is, both [tex]InCl[/tex] and [tex]InCl_3[/tex] are stable compounds. To form [tex]In^+[/tex] only the [tex]5p^1[/tex] electron is removed leaving the [tex][Kr] 5s^2 4d^{10}[/tex] electronic configuration.

Answer:

the answer is 74.03%

Explanation:

Add all the masses together, M of C = 120.1, M of  H = 14.4 and M of N = 28.02. Adding all those together will give you the mass of the compound, then u divide the mass of carbon by the mass of compound and multiply by 100 to get the percent by mass.

120.1 + 14.4 + 28.02 = 162.26

120.1/162.26 x 100 = 74.03%

The percent by mass of carbon in C₁₀H₁₄N₂ is calculated by dividing the total mass of carbon in one mole of the compound by the molar mass of the entire compound and then converting to a percentage, which is approximately 74.03%.

The percent by mass of carbon in C₁₀H₁₄N₂, we need to determine the mass of carbon in one mole of the compound and then divide this by the molar mass of the entire compound.

The molar mass of carbon (C) is 12.01 g/mol. Since there are 10 carbon atoms in the compound, the total mass of carbon is 10 times 12.01 g/mol = 120.1 g/mol.

Next, let's find the molar mass of the entire compound:

Carbon (C): 10 times 12.01 g/mol = 120.1 g/mol

Hydrogen (H): 14 times 1.01 g/mol = 14.14 g/mol

Nitrogen (N): 2 times 14.01 g/mol = 28.02 g/mol

Adding these together, we get the molar mass of C₁₀H₁₄N₂:

120.1 g/mol (C) + 14.14 g/mol (H) + 28.02 g/mol (N) = 162.26 g/mol

The percent by mass of carbon is then calculated by:

(mass of C / molar mass of compound) times 100% = (120.1 g/mol / 162.26 g/mol)  imes 100% = 74.03%

Therefore, the percent by mass of carbon in C₁₀H₁₄N₂ is approximately 74.03%.

Answer:

Moist and warm temperatures

Explanation:

Temperature and rainfall are the two main factors that speed up chemical reactions and weathering in rocks and soils. Higher temperatures increase the rate of reactions while more rainfall means more water for chemical weathering, resulting in a higher weathering rate.

The two factors that speed up rates of chemical reaction and weathering in rocks and soils are the temperature and the amount of rainfall. A higher temperature increases the rate of chemical reactions, with the rate potentially doubling for every 10°C increase. This is because higher temperatures enhance the thermal agitation of atoms and molecules, leading to more frequent collisions and reactions. In addition, increased rainfall provides more water, an essential medium for chemical weathering reactions. More rainfall leads to more chemical reactions with the particles in soils, increasing the weathering rate.

Mechanical weathering also plays a role by breaking down rocks into smaller pieces, thus increasing the surface area available for chemical weathering. Together, mechanical and chemical weathering contribute to the deterioration of rocks and the formation of soil, which is crucial for ecosystems. The combination of climate factors, such as high temperature and heavy rainfall, typically results in nutrient-poor soils unsuitable for agriculture but rich in iron and aluminum oxides.

The numerical value of n corresponding to '3p' is 3. The 3 denotes the energy level of an electron within an atom, while 'p' signifies the shape of the orbital the electron resides in.

The numerical value of n corresponding to 3p in this context represents the principal quantum number in atomic theory, which is indicative of the energy level or shell of an atom in which an electron resides. For a 3p electron, the principal quantum number n = 3.

Just a little more context, the letter 'p' denotes the shape of the electron cloud, also known as the orbital. Orbital shapes are designated as s, p, d, and f. The '3p' specifically means that the electron is in the 3rd energy level (n = 3) and in a 'p' type orbital.

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Answer:

It's an oxygen atom

Explanation:

Answer:

6

Explanation:

I took the question and got it right

Answer:

0.131 mol

Explanation:

there are 22.4 liters in a mol at STP so divide 2.94 by 22.4

Final answer:

To find the moles of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in 2.94 L at STP, one divides the volume of the gas by the molar volume of a gas at STP, which is 22.4 L/mol.

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles of carbon dioxide gas (CO₂) at standard temperature and pressure (STP), we use the information that at STP, one mole of a gas occupies 22.4 liters. Thus, we can convert the given volume of carbon dioxide to moles using the following relationship:

Number of moles = Volume of gas at STP / Molar volume of gas at STP

The molar volume at STP is 22.4 L/mol. So for 2.94 L of CO₂, the calculation would be as follows:

Number of moles of CO₂ = 2.94 L / 22.4 L/mol

= 0.131 Moles

After performing the division, we will arrive at the 0.131 of moles, which represents the amount of carbon dioxide in the given volume at STP.

Answer: Option (C) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Charged particles are the particles that contain either a positive or a negative charge.

For example, [tex]Na^{+}[/tex], [tex]Ca^{2+}[/tex], [tex]Cl^{-}[/tex], [tex]Al^{3+}[/tex] are all charged species.

When charged species flow from one point to another in a conducting material then the energy produced is known as electrical energy.

Whereas energy produced due to splitting or combining of two atomic nuclei is known as nuclear energy.

Chemical energy is the energy present within the bonds of a chemical compound or substance.

When an energy is produced due to the sum of potential and kinetic energy then it is known as mechanical energy.

Thus, we can conclude that electrical energy is the type of energy that is generated due to the movement of charged particles.

The answer is B as activation energy is the least possible amount of energy (minimum) which is required to start a reaction or the amount of energy available in a chemical system for a reaction to take place.

Activation energy of a chemical reaction is the amount of energy required for a reaction to occur. Thus, option B is correct.

Thus, the minimum amount of energy called activation energy is required to initiate a chemical reaction.

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These are four questions and four answers.

Answers:

1) activation energy of the reverse reaction

     b. Decreased

2) Rate of the forward reaction

    a. Increased

3) Rate of the reverse reaction

    a. Increased

4) Activation energy of the forward reaction

    b. decreased

Explanation:

Activarion energy is the energy required by the reactants to form the intermediate transition state and become products.

Catalysts are substances that change the path of the chemical reactions, lowering the activation energy, and thus speeding up the rate of the reactions, since the products can reach the new lower activation energy faster.

The equilibrium reactions are the chemical process in which two reactions, the forward and the reverese reactions, occur simultaneously and at the same rate.  The equlibrium reactions may be represented by:

Where A → B is the direct or forward reaction, and A ← B is the reverse reaction (note the inversed arrow, from right to left).

For the direct reaction A represents the reactants and B represents the products. On the other hand, B represents the reactants and A represents the reactants of the reverse reaction and A. This, is A is the reactant of the forward reaction and the product of the reverse reaction, while B is the reactant of the reverse reaction and the product of the forward reaction.

Since, the addition of a catalyst lowers the activation energy of the process, the new activation energy is lower for both the forward and the reverse reaction, meaning that:

1. The activation energy of the reverse reaction is decreased (option b. of the first question)

2. The rate of the forward reaction is increased (option a. of the second question)

3. The rate of the reverse reaction is increased (option a. of the third question).

4. Activation energy of the forward reaction is decreased (option b. of the fourth question).

In summary, the addition of a catalyst decreases the activation energy for both forward and reverse reactions, and increases the rate of both forward and reverse reactions.

The following aspects of a reaction affected by the addition of a catalyst are

The following aspects of a reaction affected by the addition of a catalyst (it is  a substance that enables a chemical reaction to proceed at a usually faster rate or under different conditions (as at a lower temperature) than otherwise possible) are

1) activation energy of the reverse reaction: b. Decreased

Energy of activation is the energy that must be provided to a chemical or nuclear system with potential reactants to result in: a chemical reaction, nuclear reaction, or other physical phenomena.

2) Rate of the forward reaction: a. Increased

Forward reaction is the reaction that products are produced from reactants and it goes from left to right in a reversible reaction.

3) Rate of the reverse reaction: a. Increased

A reversible reaction is a reaction in which the reactants form products react together to give the reactants back.

4) Activation energy of the forward reaction: b. decreased

The activation energy for the forward reaction is the free energy amount that must be added to go from the energy level of the reactants to the energy level of the transition state

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Answer:

When you lower the temperature, the molecules are slower and collide less.

Explanation:

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Explanation:

Molar mass of C2H6= 2×12+6=30

30 g of C2H6 gives 1 mol of C2H6

10.0 g of C2H6 gives 1/30 ×10= 1/3 mol of C2H6

1 mol of C2H6 has 2 mol of Carbon

1/3 mol of C2H6 has 1/3 ×2 = 2/3 Molly of Carbon.

No. of atoms = 2/3× 6.023×10^23

=4.01×10^23

To determine the number of carbon atoms in 10.0 g of C2H6, calculate the number of moles from the mass and molar mass, and then multiply by Avogadro's number and the number of carbon atoms per molecule of ethane. This results in approximately 4.015 × 1023 carbon atoms.

To find out how many carbon atoms are in 10.0g of C2H6, we first need to calculate the molar mass of ethane (C2H6). The molar mass is the sum of the masses of all the atoms in a molecule. Carbon has a molar mass of approximately 12 g/mol, and hydrogen has a molar mass of about 1 g/mol. Therefore, the molar mass of C2H6 is (2 × 12 g/mol) + (6 × 1 g/mol) = 30 g/mol.

Next, we calculate how many moles of C2H6 are in 10.0 g of the substance using the molar mass:

Number of moles of C2H6 = mass ÷ molar mass = 10.0 g ÷ 30 g/mol

This gives us approximately 0.333 moles of C2H6. Since each molecule of ethane contains 2 carbon atoms, we can find the total number of carbon atoms:

Total number of carbon atoms = number of moles of C2H6 × Avogadro's number × number of carbon atoms per molecule = 0.333 moles × 6.022 × 1023 atoms/mol × 2

Finally, this calculation will give us the total number of carbon atoms in 10.0 g of C2H6, which is approximately 4.015 × 1023 carbon atoms.

Answer:

Minerals, Rocks

Explanation:

c. talc

Answer:true

Explanation:because its true

Answer:

Here is the full sentence: Enzymes affect the reaction in living cells by changing the SPEED OF THE REACTION.

Explanation:

The options attached to the question are given below:

A. Products of the reaction  

B. Speed of the reaction  

C. Temperature of the reaction  

D. pH of the reaction

Enzymes are chemical substances, that affect the rate of biochemical reactions by speeding up the rates at which the reactions occur. Enzymes are found in all living cells and they are formed mostly from proteins. Enzymes speed up the rate of biochemical reaction by lowering the activation energy of the reaction. Each enzymes catalyses only specific reactions and work best under specific conditions.

Enzymes change the activation energy required for biochemical reactions in cells, thereby controlling the rate at which these reactions occur. Specific environmental factors and the presence of cofactors or coenzymes can further regulate enzyme activity.

Enzymes affect reactions in living cells by altering activation energy, which is the energy required to initiate a chemical reaction. Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rate of biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy, thus making it easier for the reaction to take place. These protein-based molecules are highly specific to their substrates and can aid in a variety of reactions including breakdown, rearrangement, or synthesis processes.

Furthermore, the activity of enzymes is influenced by environmental factors such as pH, temperature, and salt concentration. In some cases, enzymes require cofactors or coenzymes, which are non-protein molecules that assist in the catalytic process. The precise control of enzyme function in a cell ensures that metabolic reactions occur at the necessary rate for proper cellular function.

Answer:

A chemical formula is an expression that shows the elements in a compound and the relative proportions of those elements.

Explanation:

If only one atom of a specific type is present, no subscript is used. For atoms that have two or more of a specific type of atom present, a subscript is written after the symbol for that atom

Answer:

Compounds and elements

Explanation:

Castle learning

Answer:

2CO₂ ⇄ 2CO + O₂.

Explanation:

So, for Keq = [CO]²[O₂]/[CO₂]²,

It is clear that the products are CO and O₂, while the reactant is CO₂.

So, the reaction for this is:

2CO₂ ⇄ 2CO + O₂.

Wax will be dissolved by nonpolar solvents: (a) hexane, (b) benzene and (d) carbon tetrachloride

Wax will not be dissolved by polar solvent such as (c)  acetone and (e) water

Answer:

The Ring of Fire is also called the Circum-Pacific Belt and refers to a path along the Pacific Ocean which is characterized by frequent earthquakes and active volcanoes.

Explanation:

The Ring of Fire is also called the Circum-Pacific Belt and refers to a path along the Pacific Ocean which is characterized by frequent earthquakes and active volcanoes.

The majority of Earth’s earthquakes and volcanoes usually occur along the Ring of Fire.