Hello, I believe your answer should be alleles.
Alleles are alterenate forms of genes.
Can anybody help me with this? A single egg is a(n): It's not ovary. ovary ova ovum yolk
In a series of experiments, Griffith infected mice with nonvirulent R-strain bacteria and highly virulent S-strain bacteria. Heat-killed S bacteria were nonvirulent. However, the nonvirulent heat-killed S bacteria and the nonvirulent R bacteria together produced a virulent mixture. What did this demonstrate?
A. The molecules present on the outside of bacteria determine whether it's virulent or nonvirulent.
B. A transforming principle in the S bacteria allowed the nonvirulent R strain to become virulent.
C. The translation of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and DNA is important in determining bacterial virulence.
D. The S-strain bacteria had not been killed completely.
Answer:
The correct answer is B.A transforming principle in the S bacteria allowed the nonvirulent R strain to become virulent.
Explanation:
In the transformation experiments, conducted by Fredrick Griffith in 1928, he observed that heat-killed S-strain bacteria injected into mice did not kill them. When he injected a mixture of heat-killed S and live R-bacteria, the mice died. He concluded that the R-strain bacteria had somehow been transformed by the heat-killed S-strain bacteria. This occurred perhaps due to absorption of some transforming principal or substance by rough type bacteria from heat killed smooth bacteria. It had enabled the R-strain to synthesize a smooth polysaccharide coat and become virulent. This must be due to the transfer of the genetic material. However, the biochemical nature of genetic material was defined not from his experiments.
Answer:
the correct answer is :
B. ( A transforming principle in the S bacteria allowed the nonvirulent R strain to become virulent.)
Explanation:
According to Griffith's experiment, he used two strains of (Streptococcus pneumoniae ) which is bacteria infect mice causing pneumonia.
First strain: type |||-S (Smooth) bacteria, this bacteria is virulent, it has the ability to kill mice because it covers itself with smooth polysaccharide capsule that resist the immune system of mice, and this ability is according to the genetic traits inside its DNA.
Second strain: type ||-R (Rough) bacteria, this bacteria is non-virulent, it doesn't have this protective capsule so the immune system can resist it and it can't kill the mice on their own.
Steps of experiment :
Griffith killed the |||-S. by heat The remains of killed |||-S where added to the ||-R. bacteria He injected the mice with this mixture of ( heat-killed |||-S and ||-R )Observation:
The mice all died, However the virulent |||-S strain bacteria killed by heat
Conclusion:
The DNA of the |||-S strain bacteria survived the heat and transformed to ||-R, this means somehow, type |||-S bacteria still alive inside the type ||-R.This process called transforming principle, that allowed the nonvirulent R strain to become virulent.Animals have a variety of adaptations,including trachea and gills, which allow this key process to occur. Which provides the molecules necessary for cellular respiration and efficient ATP synthesis?
Answer:
Gas exchange
Explanation:
Trachea and gills are part of the respiratory system in organisms. These structures serve in gas exchange. The process of gas exchange removes carbon dioxide and allows oxygen gas to enter the body.
Aerobic cellular respiration is the efficient process of ATP synthesis as it produces the maximum number of ATPs by complete oxidation of nutrients. The process of aerobic cellular respiration needs the presence of oxygen.
Hence, Animals have a variety of adaptations, including trachea and gills, which allow gas exchange to occur. Gas exchange provides the oxygen necessary for cellular respiration and efficient ATP synthesis.
When Mendel crossed true–breeding pea plants that have inflated pods (PP) with those that have constricted pods (pp), it was observed that F1 offspring had a genotype of Pp. What would their phenotype be?
Answer:
constricted pods
Explanation:
the genotype would have the dominant phenotype with PP even though the recessive is included. The recessive is controlled or taken over by the dominant allele.
Answer:
What are the two phases of speciation?
(A) geographic isolation and variation
(B) adaptation and reproductive isolation
(C) adaptation and variation
(D) geographic isolation and reproductive isolation
ANSWER (D) geographic isolation and reproductive isolation
Explanation:
The scientific term for chewing food is
a. micturition
b. mightymorphin
c. mastication
d. inelatonin
the answer is c. mastication
The scientific term for chewing food is mastication.
Option C
Explanation:
The food splits into the smaller pieces during mastication. As the food is broken down its surface area increases as the size decreases due to which many other enzymes can also act on the masticated food. Mixing of enzymes occur both during mastication and after mastication the food is passed down through oesophagus into the stomach where other enzymes and acids are mixed to breakdown the food into further smaller molecules.
A wombat is a marsupial native to which country?
Answer:
Australia
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Put the following steps of the convection process in the correct order.
1. Gravity pulls cooler matter downward.
2. The matter expands and decreases in density.
3. An up-and-down flow of matter produces a convection current.
4. Matter is heated.
5. Warmed matter is forced upward.
Question 2 options:
a)
4, 2, 5, 1, 3
b)
2, 4, 3, 1, 5
c)
3, 2, 5, 4, 1
d)
1, 4, 2, 5, 3
Answer: Option (A)
Explanation:
At the initial stage, the heat produced from the earth's core heats up the matter present in the lower mantle and due to this continuous heating the matter gets expand and looses its density, thereby forces the matter to move upward.
This warmer matters then rises up and temperature decreases, as a result of which the magma/matter becomes denser and again falls back under the action of gravity.
This continuous process is called the convection current.
Hence the correct option is (A)
The steps in the convection process follow the order of 4, 2, 5, 1, 3, representing heating of matter, its expansion and decrease in density, upwards movement, then downwards due to gravity, and finally forming convection currents.
Explanation:The correct order of the steps in the convection process is given by option (a) 4, 2, 5, 1, 3. This corresponds to the following sequence: first, matter is heated increasing its energy (4). As a result, it expands leading to a decrease in its density (2). Because of the reduced density, the warmed matter is forced upward (5). As it rises, it cools down, and its density increases, which allows gravity to pull it downward (1). This creates an up-and-down flow known as a convection current (3).
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Where does glycolysis take place in eukaryotic cells
Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of nearly all living cells. It's an anaerobic process that breaks down glucose to extract energy for cellular metabolism. Glucose enters the cell through secondary active transport and facilitated diffusion via GLUT proteins.
Explanation:Glycolysis, which is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cellular metabolism, occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. This process is a key component of cellular metabolism in nearly all living organisms, including both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Glycolysis does not use oxygen directly and is therefore termed anaerobic. In eukaryotic cells, the cytoplasm, the region outside the organelles but within the cell membrane, is where glycolysis occurs.
Glucose, which provides most of the energy for living cells, enters these cells in two main ways. One is via secondary active transport, which occurs against the glucose concentration gradient. The other involves a group of integral proteins known as GLUT proteins, or glucose transporter proteins. These transport proteins enable facilitated diffusion of glucose into the cells.
The near universal occurrence of glycolysis in life forms — from simple bacteria to complex human cells — hints that this biochemical process appeared early in the evolution of life and has been preserved due to its fundamental role in cellular energy production.
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PLEASE HELP! Dolphins and porpoises are closely related species. Name three pieces of evidence for evolution you could look at that would support this claim:
Answer:
Both the porpoise and dolphins are categorized in similar mammalian order Cetacea. Both exhibit streamlined body, their hindlimbs are vestigial, forelimbs got modified into flippers, and both primarily eat fish.
The porpoises and dolphins are evolutionarily closely associated as both are toothed whales, in comparison to another group of Baleen whales. All the individuals of Cetacea are the progenies of terrestrial ungulates. The primitive ancestors first originated into the sea about fifty million years ago, and about 35 million years ago, there took a partition in the two distinct lines, of these the toothed whales established a strong sense of echolocation.
Answer:
They have very similar anatomy. Which statement most accurately describes smooth ER?
A.
Series of membrane-enclosed sacs that detoxify substances and synthesize lipids and carbohydrates
B.
Stack of flattened sacs that modify and sort proteins
C.
Contain(s) digestive enzymes
D.
Series of membrane-enclosed sacs with ribosomes on the surface
Answer:
I just need the points
Explanation:
Ya thats right!!!
Series of membrane-enclosed sacs that detoxify substances and synthesize lipids and carbohydrates - this statement most accurately describes smooth ER.
What is smooth ER?The smooth endoplasmic reticulum, or smooth ER, is an organelle found in both animal cells and plant cells. An organelle is a sub-unit within a cell that has a specialized function. The main function of the smooth ER is to make cellular products like hormones and lipids.
The smooth ER is involved in the synthesis of lipids, including cholesterol and phospholipids, which are used in the production of new cellular membrane. Organelle, any of the specialized structures within a cell that perform a specific function.
The interior of the smooth ER is called the lumen, which is enclosed by a phospholipid membrane, just like the membrane that encloses the entire cell. The number of smooth ER units in a cell depends on the type of cell and what its manufacturing needs are.
The correct answer is option A.
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What compound provides the reducing power for the calvin cycle reactions?
The compound NADPH provides the reducing power for the Calvin cycle reactions in photosynthesis. It facilitates the conversion of the three-carbon compound, 3-PGA, into another similar compound called G3P. ATP in conjunction with NADPH helps in conversion of atmospheric carbon dioxide into carbohydrates.
Explanation:The compound that provides the reducing power for the Calvin cycle reactions is NADPH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate). During the Calvin cycle, NADPH uses its stored energy to convert the three-carbon compound, 3-PGA, into another three-carbon compound called G3P which is reduction reaction. In the various stages of the Calvin cycle namely fixation, reduction, and regeneration, NADPH plays a pivotal role in helping these reactions to proceed by providing the necessary electrons.
Easy to understand yet detailed example would be the energy input required for six turns of the Calvin cycle, this includes 12 ATP and 12 NADPH molecules in the reduction step and 6 additional ATP molecules in the regeneration step. This dataset explains how important NADPH is for the functioning of the Calvin cycle.
Another significant compound involved is ATP. Together ATP and NADPH convert carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into carbohydrates using their energy and reducing power.
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Which of the following describes the difference in stimuli required to detect a difference between the stimuli?A. just noticeableB. signal detectionC. subliminalD. top down
Answer:
A. Just noticeable
Explanation:
examines our psychological experiences of physical stimuli. ... the just noticeable difference between two stimuli - the minimum amount of change required for a person to detect a difference. The louder or heavier or more of something that is occuring, the bigger the difference will need to be in order to detect it.
Embryology provides evidence for evolution because
A. studying organisms during their early development provides clues as to how the adult functions.
B. studying organisms during their early development gives insights as to the organism's diet and how it has changed over many generations.
C. during their development, embryos experience genetic mutations, some of which allow the embryo a better chance of survival.
D. during their development, many organisms look similar, suggesting that very different organisms may have a common ancestor
Answer:
Option (D).
Explanation:
Embryology may be defined as the branch of biology that mainly deals with the study and development of embryo. Embryological evidence is helpful to explain the evolutionary history of the organisms.
Embryo structure of different organisms looks similar and contains structure like tails and gill slits. The different organisms share a similar developmental and structural organisation at embryo level.
Thus, the correct answer is option (D).
Biological, it is very important that liquid water is ______ dense than frozen water
Answer:
less dense than frozen water..
Explanation:
frozen h2o is heavier, weighs more...
what is the tern used to describe an individual that of a recessive allele that causes disease,but is otherwise healthy?
A.carrier
B.polycite
C.target
D.afflicted
The term for an individual who carries a recessive allele causing a disease but is otherwise healthy is a) 'carrier'. They do not show symptoms but can pass the allele to their offspring. Examples include sickle cell anemia and cystic fibrosis.
The term used to describe an individual who carries a recessive allele that causes disease but is otherwise healthy is a) carrier. Recessive alleles, such as those for cystic fibrosis, cause the disease only when an individual inherits two copies. Those who inherit just one copy are carriers and can pass it to the next generation.
Carrier: An individual who has one copy of a recessive allele that can cause a disease but does not show symptoms of the disease. They can pass this allele to their offspring.Polycite: This is not a standard biological term related to genetics.Target: This generally refers to the focus of an action or goal, not used in genetics in this context.Afflicted: This refers to someone who is suffering from a disease or condition, which is not the case here.For example, a person who has one copy of the sickle cell anemia allele (heterozygous) is a carrier. They can pass the allele to their children, but they do not suffer from the disease themselves.
What force draws the matter in an interstellar cloud together to form a star?
Question 4 options:
electric
gravity
magnetism
friction
Answer:
Gravity draws the matter in an interstellar cloud together to form a star.
Answer:
Option B, Gravity
Explanation:
Due to gravity, the matter with in the interstellar cloud collate together to form star.
A star form when the interstellar gas or dust (molecular dust) comes closer to form dense part under the influence of their own gravity. The core of a gas cloud is dense and hence it collapse first to form clump and then the outer gas collide to form more clumps. These clumps then get collate and get converted into protostars and later turn into fully developed star.
Hence, option B is correct
An earthworm lives and reproduce is in the soil it aerates the soil and adds organic material to it the earthworm is a source of food for other organisms all of these statements together best describe
Answer:
Decomposer.
Explanation:
Learning that is not directly and immediately observable is called __________
Explain three primary ways in which organisms depend on each other (symbiotic relationships)
Which type of leukocyte produces antibodies
Answer:
Lymphocyte, specifically, B-lymphocytes
Explanation:
Lymphocytes are a kind of white blood cells, or leukocytes. They are divided into two categories, which are B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes.
B-lymphocytes are the ones that produce antibodies and each b-lymphocyte produce a specific antibody. They are triggered by antigens that are specific to them, which stimulates the production of plasma cells, which are responsible for producing antibodies.
The type of leukocyte that produces antibodies is called a B-lymphocyte or B cell.
B cells are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune response. When the body is exposed to foreign substances, such as pathogens or antigens, B cells can recognize these molecules and produce antibodies to neutralize them.
When a B cell encounters an antigen that matches its specific receptor on its surface, it becomes activated. The activated B cell undergoes a process called clonal expansion, where it divides and produces many identical daughter cells called plasma cells. Plasma cells are responsible for the production and secretion of antibodies.
Therefore, B cells produce antibodies.
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why does carbon bond well with itself and make a stable compound?
A.the number of electrons present in carbon
B.carbon only bonds with other carbon atoms
C.carbon does not easily bond with itself
Answer:
B. carbon only bonds with other carbon atoms
Explanation:
A carbon bonds well with itself and make a stable compound because it only bonds with other carbon atoms.
The study and manipulation of DNA on a molecular level is known as
a. biochemistry.
b. molecular genetics.
c. evolution.
d. genomes.
The study and manipulation of DNA on a molecuLar level is known as MolecuLar genetics. Thus the answer is C, Molecular genetics.In the field of biology and genetics, molecular genetics focuses on the study of the structure and function of genes at a molecular level.
What type of bonds link individual amino acids together?
Answer:
peptide bonds
Explanation:
Amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds. A peptide bond is formed in a condensation reaction between the amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) groups of two amino acids, releasing a molecule of water. This process repeats to form a protein.
Explanation:Amino acids are linked together through particular types of bonds known as peptide bonds. In the process of protein formation, each amino acid is brought together with the next through a successive series of these bonds. Essentially, the amine group (-NH2) of one amino acid and the carboxyl group (-COOH) of a second amino acid gets connected in a condensation reaction and forms a peptide bond. In this process, a molecule of water is released.
Example
For example, if you are trying to link the amino acid glycine with another amino acid, like alanine, a peptide bond would form between the carboxyl group of glycine and the amine group of alanine. This results in the creation of a short protein chain or peptide.
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There is a liquid capsule inside a cup full of liquid. The cup full of liquid has salt in it and the liquid capsule has no salt in it. In which direction will the solvent flow? A. The salt does not have to move B. From the capsule to the larger cup C. Equally between the capsule and the cup D. From the larger cup to the capsule
Because of permeation, the salt will flow equally between the capsule and the larger cup in its quantity.
Hope this helps!
Answer:
The correct answer will be option- D.
Explanation:
The movement of solute, as well as solvent particles, depends on the concentration gradient of solute particles. The permeability of the membrane allows the movement of solute particles from higher concentration to lower concentration through osmosis.
In the given question, the capsule contains low solute concentration while cup water contains high solute concentration. As the solute particles move from the low concentration (capsule) to high concentration (cup water) therefore the water will move from the cup water to the capsule.
Thus, option-D is the correct answer.
Why is a mushroom considered a heterotroph
Answer:
D.) It obtains nutrients from it's environment.
Explanation:
Answer:
A mushroom is considered a heterotroph because it gets it's nutrients from the outside environment.
Explanation:
hope it helped!
Using the graph, determine the half-life of thorium-232.
Question 12 options:
7 billion years
14 billion years
28 billion years
35 billion years
Answer:
14 billion years
Explanation:
Because the percentage of parent isotope remaining decreases by 50% at 14 billion years.
Thorium is used as an alloying agent to enhance magnesium strength at high temperatures. It is also used to coat tungsten filaments which is used in electronic devices for example television sets. Thus, the correct option is B.
What are the other forms of thorium?When thorium is bombarded with neutrons, thorium-232 transformed into thorium-233, which due course decays into uranium-233 through a series of beta decays. Uranium-233 is a fissionable and can be used as a nuclear fuel.
Because the percentage of parent isotope of thorium remaining reduced by 50% at 14 billion years.
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Which example best describes a reflex action?
A.
eating food when hungry
B.
coughing when the throat is irritated
C.
bending down to lift a heavy object
D.
going for a walk outside
Answer:
Which example best describes a reflex action?
A.
going for a walk outside
B.
eating food when hungry
C.
bending down to lift a heavy object
D.
coughing when the throat is irritated
the correct answer is D
Explanation:
coughing is a reflexive action that occurs when harmful irritants and dust particles enter.
Best describes a reflex action B. Coughing when the throat is irritated. Therefore , B. coughing when the throat is irritated is correct .
A reflex action is an involuntary, quick, and automatic response to a specific stimulus.
In this case, when the throat is irritated, the body responds by triggering a coughing reflex.
This reflex helps clear the irritant, such as dust or mucus, from the throat and airways to prevent potential harm.
It doesn't involve conscious thought or decision-making, making it a classic example of a reflex.
The other options:
A. Eating food when hungry is a voluntary action that is consciously initiated in response to hunger.
C. Bending down to lift a heavy object is a voluntary action that requires conscious thought and decision.
D. Going for a walk outside is also a voluntary action that one decides to do.
In summary, a reflex action, as in the case of coughing when the throat is irritated, occurs without conscious control and is an automatic response to a specific stimulus to protect the body from harm.
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The function of the ciliary escalator is to
The ciliary escalator removes foreign particles and mucus from the respiratory system.
It is a respiratory tract process that aids in the removal of inhaled particles and mucus from the airways.
The ciliary escalator is made up of cilia, which are small hair-like structures that line the respiratory epithelium.
The cilia beat in unison, resulting in a wave-like action. Mucus, trapped particles, and bacteria are moved upward, away from the lungs, by this action.
Thus, by promoting the evacuation of undesirable particles and mucus, the ciliary escalator plays an important function in maintaining the cleanliness and health of the respiratory system.
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DNA and RNA share a number of similarities,but they also differ in certain aspects of their structure. Wich nitrogenous base is found in RNA but is not found in DNA
Answer:
Uracil
Explanation:
Instead of Thymine, there's Uracil.
8. What's the waste product of electrons and pyruvate combining in fermentation? A. Sulfuric acid B. Oxalic acid C. Citric acid D. Lactic acid
Answer:
Lactic acid
Explanation:
Fermentation may be defined as the breakdown of glucose molecule in the limited supply of oxygen with the help of microorganisms.
Pyruvate molecules and electrons waste product combine together in fermentation to yield lactic acid and two molecules of ATP. The transfer of electron from NADH to pyruvate molecule generates the lactic acid.
Thus, the correct answer is option (D).
Answer:
D. Lactic acid
Explanation: