Need help with chemistry questions

Write the balanced chemical equation.

Convert the units of the given substance (A) to moles.

Use the mole ratio to calculate the moles of wanted substance (B).

Convert moles of the wanted substance to the desired units.

Final answer:

Diamonds are considered a metamorphic rock because they are formed through intense heat and pressure deep within the Earth's mantle, which transforms carbon into a crystalline structure. Unlike other metamorphic rocks that show foliation, diamonds are non-foliated as they consist of a single mineral.

Explanation:

We consider diamonds a kind of metamorphic rock because they are formed deep within Earth's mantle through a process of intense heat and pressure. This process transforms the carbon atoms into a crystal structure known as a diamond. Metamorphism involves the recrystallization of minerals and can lead to the formation of new minerals, the reorientation of minerals due to pressure, and sometimes the migration of ions within crystal structures due to heat. While most metamorphic rocks are found in mountain belts or ancient mountain belts due to the conditions conducive to metamorphism, diamonds are actually formed at much greater depths and require unique conditions including temperatures around 900 to 1,300 degrees Celsius, and pressures over 45 kilobars.

The formation of metamorphic rocks, including diamonds, is a facet of the rock cycle, and these transformations allow rocks to become stable under new environmental conditions. Unlike most metamorphic rocks that exhibit foliation due to the reorientation of minerals, diamonds do not show foliation as they are a single mineral rock, thus they are considered non-foliated. They are created from a single element, carbon, and although they have a different formation process compared to foliated metamorphic rocks, the principles of temperature and pressure still apply in their creation.

The role of a spark plug is to supply some of the energy of activation for the combustion reaction.

Explanation:

The correct answer is (C) The spark supplies some of the energy of activation for the combustion reaction, is  best describes the role of the spark from the spark plug in an automobile engine.

In an automobile engine, the spark from the spark plug plays a crucial role in initiating the combustion process. The combustion reaction involves the rapid oxidation of a fuel, typically a volatile hydrocarbon, which releases a significant amount of energy. However, this reaction requires an initial input of energy to overcome the energy barrier known as the activation energy.

The spark from the spark plug provides this necessary energy of activation. When the spark plug ignites, it creates a small, high-energy spark that is hot enough to initiate the combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the engine's cylinder. This spark raises the temperature of a small portion of the fuel-air mixture to a point where the molecules have enough kinetic energy to react with each other, thus starting the combustion reaction.

Once the reaction starts, it releases enough energy to sustain itself and continue the combustion process without additional input from the spark plug. The energy released by the combustion reaction is what powers the engine by pushing the pistons down, which in turn rotates the crankshaft and ultimately drives the vehicle's wheels.

To summarize, the spark from the spark plug is essential because it:

- Provides the energy of activation needed to initiate the combustion reaction.

- Does not decrease the energy of activation (option A).

- Does not significantly increase the concentration of the volatile reactant (option B).

- Does not alter the activated complex (option D), as the activated complex is a theoretical state in the reaction pathway, not something that can be provided or altered by external means.

- Does not provide the heat of vaporization (option E) for the hydrocarbon, as the spark's role is to initiate combustion, not to vaporize the fuel, although vaporization of the fuel is a necessary step before combustion.

Therefore, the spark's role is to supply some of the energy of activation for the combustion reaction, making option (C) the correct description.

Answer:

The same mass divided by a larger volume results in a smaller value for density. Therefore, liquid silver is less dense than solid silver. Temperature and solid density The density of solids usually decreases slightly as temperature increases because solids expand when heated.

Explanation:

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Liquid silver is less dense than solid silver due to the density between these two species.

It is defined as the ratio of mass over volume. The same mass divided by a larger volume results in a smaller value for density. Therefore, liquid silver is less dense than solid silver. The density of solids usually decreases slightly as temperature increases because solids expand when heated. The vibrations of the molecules increases, and it is easier for the molecules to slide past each other.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

Answer:

D. It will not have a nucleoid.

Explanation:

Cells with a nucleus are eukaryotic cells. This means they will have membrane-bound organelles. The nucleus is an example of a membrane bound organelle that houses the DNA.

A. It will not have nuclear membrane. - this is false, the nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear membrane

B. It will not have a nucleolus - this is false, the nucleolus is a part of the nucleus, usually where ribosomal RNAs are made

C. It will not have ribosomes - this is false, proteins are made in ribosomes and they are present in all cells

D. It will not have a nucleoid - this is true. The nucleoid is a space in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells that houses the DNA. It is not membrane bound, and is distinct from the nucleus.

Answer:

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Explanation:

The molecular formula of the compound is C4H8O4.

The molecular formula of Compound X can be determined by calculating the empirical formula and then obtaining the molecular formula based on the molar mass. First, we calculate the empirical formula using the mass percentages of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the compound. From the given information, the empirical formula is CH2O. To obtain the molecular formula, we need to calculate the empirical formula mass by summing the atomic masses of its elements. The empirical formula mass of CH2O is 30.03 g/mol. To find the molecular formula, we divide the molecular molar mass (128 g/mol) by the empirical formula mass (30.03 g/mol). The result is approximately 4.27, which indicates that the molecular formula of Compound X is 4.27 times the empirical formula. Multiplying the subscripts of the empirical formula (CH2O) by 4.27, we get the molecular formula of Compound X as C4H8O4.

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Answer: clouds and precipitation to form

Explanation: In a low pressure system warm air rises into the atmosphere and cools down and forms cloud. In low air pressure the humidity is high since there is enough space for water vapor to occupy causing precipitation.

Answer:

Virtual images.

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Answer:

option A

Explanation:

Electromagnetic waves are those waves which is produced by oscillation or vibration between the magnetic field and electric field. For example radio waves, visible radiation, ultraviolet, infrared, microwaves etc

In electromagnetic waves higher the frequency means higher the energies and higher the energy means lower the wavelength.

Like gamma rays have highest frequencies with highest energy and shortest wavelength.

The correct answer is B) The water molecules separate the crystals into molecules.

The smallest particle of a substance that has all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance. Molecules are made up of one or greater atoms.

Water dissolves in salt because the terrible part of a water molecule, the oxygen part is interested in the wonderful sodium ion of the salt. also, the effective part of the water molecule, the hydrogen component is drawn to the terrible chloride ion of the salt. Water molecules pull the sodium and chloride ions aside, breaking the ionic bond that held them together. After the salt compounds are pulled apart, the sodium and chloride atoms are surrounded via water molecules. once this occurs, the salt is dissolved, ensuing in a homogeneous solution.

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Answer:

it’s C

Explanation:

Answer:

See the answer below, please.

Explanation:

The bonds formed between metals and nonmetals are called ionics. These occur between atoms with electronegativity difference. Example: NaCl (Sodium Chloride)

Instead, covalent bonds are formed between two nonmetals (one or more electron pairs are shared). Example: H202 (hydrogen peroxide).

In the case of metal formed bonds, they are called metallic.

Answer:

9.4×10⁴J

Explanation:

The specific heat capacity (SHC) of water, which is the amount of energy (J) that it takes to warm 1mL (1mL = 1g) of water by 1°C is 4.184 J/g×°C.

Q = mcΔT relates energy to mass, SHC, and change in temperature.

The mass of water is 300g, and will not change because no water will evaporate until it reaches 100°C.

The change in temperature is 75°C:

100°C - 25°C = 75°C

(Desired temp. - initial temp. = change in temp.)

Subbing these values into Q=mcΔT:

Q = 300g × 4.184J/g×°C × 75°C

Q = 94140J

Scientific notation tells us that we have two significant figures, so:

Q = 9.4 × 10⁴J

The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:

How many grams of zinc would be required to produce 9.65g of zinc hydroxide

Zn+2MnO₂+H₂O→Zn(OH)₂+Mn₂O₃

Answer: The mass of zinc required is 6.35 grams

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex]     .....(1)

Given mass of zinc hydroxide = 9.65 g

Molar mass of zinc hydroxide = 99.4 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

[tex]\text{Moles of zinc hydroxide}=\frac{9.65g}{99.4g/mol}=0.0971mol[/tex]

The given chemical equation follows:

[tex]Zn+2MnO_2+H_2O\rightarrow Zn(OH)_2+Mn_2O_3[/tex]

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of zinc hydroxide is produced from 1 mole of zinc

So, 0.0971 moles of zinc hydroxide will be produced from = [tex]\frac{1}{1}\times 0.0971=0.0971mol[/tex] of zinc

Now, calculating the mass of zinc from equation 1, we get:

Molar mass of zinc = 65.4 g/mol

Moles of zinc = 0.0971 moles

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

[tex]0.0971mol=\frac{\text{Mass of zinc}}{65.4g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of zinc}=(0.0971mol\times 65.4g/mol)=6.35g[/tex]

Hence, the mass of zinc required is 6.35 grams

The correct image is option A

What happens when we add NaCl to water?

The process of dissolving table salt (NaCl) in water is known as dissolution. The salt separates into sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl⁻) ions, which are its component ions. These ions, which are charged positively or negatively, interact with the molecules of water to surround and disseminate themselves.

A homogenous mixture known as saltwater is created as a result. The ionic connections holding the salt crystal lattice together are broken during the physical process of NaCl dissolving in water, distributing the ions uniformly throughout the solution.

The diagram  that best ilustrates the ion-molecule attractions that occur when the ions of NaCl(s) are added to water is option B)

When sodium chloride (NaCl) is added to water, it dissolves and dissociates into Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions are then surrounded by water molecules due to ion-dipole attractions. Water molecules are polar, with a partially negative oxygen atom and partially positive hydrogen atoms.

The positive sodium ions are attracted to the negative oxygen atoms in the water molecules, and the negative chloride ions are attracted to the positive hydrogen atoms. This results in the formation of a hydrated lattice, where the ions are surrounded by water molecules.

Answer:

                      1.602 L (or) 1602 mL

Explanation:

             Molarity is the amount of solute dissolved per unit volume of solution. It is expressed as,

                         Molarity  =  Moles / Volume of Solution    ----- (1)

Rearranging above equation for volume,

                         Volume of solution  =  Moles / Molarity    -------(2)

Data Given;

                  Molarity  =  0.00813 mol.L⁻¹

                  Mass  =  1.55 g

First calculate Moles for given mass as,

                   Moles  =  Mass / M.mass

                   Moles  =  1.55 g / 119.002 g.mol⁻¹

                   Moles  =  0.0130 mol

Now, putting value of Moles and Molarity in eq. 2,

                         Volume of solution  =  0.0130 mol / 0.00813 mol.L⁻¹

                         Volume of solution  = 1.60 L

or,

                         Volume of solution  =  1602 mL

Answer:

The first choice, [tex]-205.7\; \rm kJ[/tex].

Explanation:

Let the three reactions, where the enthalpy change were known, be called (1), (2), and (3).

The goal is to find the enthalpy change of the fourth equation. Assume that this equation can be written as [tex]x \times (1) + y \times (2) + z \times (3)[/tex] for some [tex]x[/tex], [tex]y[/tex], and [tex]z[/tex] (might not be whole numbers or take positive values.) Then, by Hess's Law, the enthalpy change of that reaction would be [tex]x \cdot \Delta H_1 + y \cdot \Delta H_2 + z \cdot \Delta H_3[/tex].

To find these [tex]x[/tex], [tex]y[/tex], and [tex]z[/tex], consider: what combination of reaction (1), (2), and (3) would give the fourth reaction?

Imagine that the coefficients are positive for all the reactants, and negative for all the products.

For example: in (1), [tex]\rm H_2\; (g)[/tex] has a coefficient of [tex]2[/tex]. However, since it is on the the product side of (1), its value should be [tex]-2[/tex]. Also, in (3)

Since there is no [tex]\rm H_2\; (g)[/tex] in the desired equation, the value of [tex]x[/tex], [tex]y[/tex], and [tex]z[/tex] should ensure that [tex]-2x + z = 0[/tex].

Another example: [tex]\rm CH_4\; (g)[/tex] is on the reactant side of the first reaction. Its coefficient in the equation is [tex]1[/tex], so that corresponds to [tex]+1[/tex]. Since [tex]\rm CH_4[/tex] is neither in (2) nor in (3), the value of

In the desired equation, [tex]\rm CH_4\; (g)[/tex] is on the reactant side with a coefficient of [tex]1[/tex]. As a result, the value of [tex]x[/tex], [tex]y[/tex], and [tex]z[/tex] should ensure that [tex]x = 1[/tex].

One such equation can be found for each species in the reactions.

[tex]\displaystyle \begin{cases}x = 1 & \left(\text{For $\mathrm{CH_4\; (g)}$}\right) \\ -x - y= 0 & \left(\text{For $\mathrm{C\; (s)}$}\right) \\ -2\, x + z = 0 & \left(\text{For $\mathrm{H_2\; (g)}$}\right) \\ y = -1 & \left(\text{For $\mathrm{CCl_4\; (g)}$}\right) \\ -2\, y + z= 4 & \left(\text{For $\mathrm{Cl_2\; (g)}$}\right) \\ -2\, z = -4 & \left(\text{For $\mathrm{HCl\; (g)}$}\right)\end{cases}[/tex].

Solve this system of equations for [tex]x[/tex], [tex]y[/tex], and [tex]z[/tex] (this approach works only if at least one solution exists.) In this case,

[tex]\displaystyle \begin{cases}x = 1 \\ y = -1 \\ z = 2\end{cases}[/tex].

Calculate the enthalpy change of the desired reaction:

[tex]\begin{aligned}\Delta H &= x\times \Delta H_1 + y \times \Delta H_2 + z \times \Delta H_3 \\ &= 1 \times 74.6 + (-1) \times 95.7 + 2 \times (-92.3) \\ &= -205.7\; \rm kJ\end{aligned}[/tex].

the atmosphere,the terrestrial biosphere, the oceans and the sediments

Law of conservation of mass for a chemical reaction can be expressed  by all of the above.

According to law of conservation of mass, it is evident that mass is neither created nor destroyed rather it is restored at the end of a chemical reaction .

Law of conservation of mass and energy are related as mass and energy are directly proportional which is indicated by the equation E=mc².Concept of conservation of mass is widely used in field of chemistry, fluid dynamics.

Law needs to be modified in accordance with laws of quantum mechanics under the principle of mass and energy equivalence.This law was proposed by Antoine Lavoisier in the year 1789.For a reaction to obey law of conservation of mass it must be balanced.

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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was,the law of conservation of mass tells us, in part, that matter is neither created nor destroyed.How can the law of conservation of mass for a chemical reaction be expressed? A. By using using coefficients coefficients in in a chemical equation B. By  writing a a balanced balanced chemical  equation C. By counting  the  atoms  present on each  side of the equation D. All of of the the above

The law of conservation of mass states that in a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed, meaning the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products. Introduced by Antoine Lavoisier in 1789, this principle highlights that matter can change forms but the total mass is conserved.

The law of conservation of mass states that matter is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction. This means that the total mass of the reactants (substances that undergo the changes) must be equal to the total mass of the products (substances formed as a result of the reaction). For example, when burning charcoal in oxygen, the mass of the charcoal and oxygen before the reaction is the same as the mass of the carbon dioxide, water vapor, and ash produced. Antoine Lavoisier, a French chemist, introduced this concept in 1789, emphasizing that although matter can change forms (e.g., from a solid to a gas), the total mass remains constant before and after the reaction. The rearrangement of atoms during reactions ensures the conservation of mass.

Answer:

The chemical element bromine is classed as a halogen and a nonmetal.

Explanation:

Answer:

3.5

Explanation:

The gas in the reaction is considered as the ideal gas. The new volume of the gas with heating was 2.77 L.

The ideal gas law can be given as:

[tex]PV=nRT[/tex]

For a gas with the change in pressure and temperature, the change in volume is given as:

[tex]\dfrac{P_1V_1}{T_1}=\dfrac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex]

Substituting the initial pressure ([tex]P_1[/tex]), initial volume ([tex]V_1[/tex]), initial temperature ([tex]T_1[/tex]), final pressure ([tex]P_1[/tex]) final temperature ([tex]T_2[/tex]), and the final volume ([tex]V_2[/tex]) can be given as;

[tex]\rm \dfrac{1.4\;atm\;\times\;4\;L}{298\;K} = \dfrac{2.1\;atm\;\times\;\textit V_2}{310\;K}\\\\ \textit V_2=2.77\;L[/tex]

The new volume of the gas is 2.77 L.

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

Answer: option C

Explanation:

A chlorine atom can form ionic bonds by accepting an electron and covalent bonds by sharing electrons

Answer:

They change the rate of reaction.

Explanation:

Temperature increases the rate of reaction as particles move faster.

(Temperature is the average kinetic energy of particles)

Reducing the particle size increases the surface area to volume ratio, which increases the rate of reaction.

Answer:

Format: What are the effects of X and Y on Z?

Independent variable 1: temperature

Independent variable 2: particle size

Dependent variable: reaction rate

Explanation:

i just answered it on e2020

Answer:

17.85moles

Explanation:

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Answer:

16.56g.

Explanation:

You need to compare the number of coefficient of the reaction product to find how much water produced. The reaction formula will produce 6 carbon dioxide(CO2) and 6 water (H2O).

If the reaction produces 0.92 moles of carbon dioxide, then the amount of water produced in moles will be: 0.92 moles * (6/6)= 0.92 moles

The molar mass of water is 18g/mol, so the calculation of moles to mass will be: 0.92 moles * (18g/mol)= 16.56g.

Answer:

The particles of the solid vibrate faster and faster. After a while, they can start to move around

Explanation: Solid particles movement are restricted due to the strong force of attraction between the molecules,Solid phase will only change to liquid phase if the forces of attraction holding the molecules together are broken down by heat, when this happens the solid particles movement will become more mobile as the substance is moving from solid phase and liquid phase

Final answer:

Copper can lend one or two electrons per atom in chemical reactions, commonly two for the reduction of Cu²⁺ ions, and has free conduction electrons that make it an excellent electrical conductor.

Explanation:

Copper can lend different numbers of electrons depending on the chemical process involved. For instance, in a redox reaction where copper ions are being reduced, two electrons are typically required to reduce a single Cu²⁺ ion to metallic copper (Cu). Since the atomic structure of copper allows for an outermost electron to be loosely bound, copper can conduct electricity well due to the movement of these conduction electrons.

In a typical copper wire or sheet, there is one free electron per atom that can be transferred. However, the number of electrons a copper atom can lend is not unlimited; it is restricted by the reaction conditions and the valence of the copper involved in the reaction.

As the ions present on a magnet and a superconductor are oppositely charged, it would help a superconductor to float over a magnet.

An ion is defined as an atom or a molecule which has a net electrical charge. There are 2 types of ions :1) cation 2) anion . The cation is the positively charged ion and anion is the negatively charged ion . As they are oppositely charged they attract each resulting in the formation of ionic bond.

Ions consisting of single atom are mono-atomic ions while which consists of two or more ions are called as poly-atomic ions . They are created by chemical interactions . They are very reactive in their gaseous state and rapidly react with oppositely charged ions resulting in neutral molecules.Ions of opposite charges attract in an ionic bond.

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Answer: an experiment is an empirical procedure that arbitrates competing models or hypotheses. Researchers also use experimentation to test existing theories or new hypotheses to support or disprove them.

Explanation: I don't know if this helps but if it does let me know.

Final answer:

Scientists perform experiments primarily to test hypotheses, gather data, and validate or disprove their proposed explanations for phenomena. These experiments are essential for the advancement of scientific knowledge and are often peer-reviewed and published if the results are significant.

Explanation:

The main reason scientists perform experiments is to test a hypothesis which is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon, and to answer specific research questions. Experiments are carefully designed to collect data and analyze results objectively. If the results support the hypothesis, further experiments may be conducted to test related hypotheses, or if the results are inconsistent with the hypothesis, it may be discarded for a new alternative hypothesis.

By performing experiments, scientists aim to ensure repeatability and to explore underlying causes for observed phenomena. Experiments are a critical aspect of the scientific method, enabling researchers to extend their knowledge of the natural universe through empirical evidence. The design of an experiment is guided by the goal to make measurements that test the hypothesis, and often involves statistical, mathematical, or graphical analysis of the data collected.

Significant results get published in scientific journals, which serve to communicate the findings and contribute to the body of scientific knowledge. With the advent of open access and electronic journal availability, the dissemination of scientific knowledge has become more accessible.