Answer:
67.3 s
Explanation:
The equation for the reaction can be represented as:
N₂O₅ ⇄ NO₂ + O₂
Rate (k) = [tex]5.89 * 10^{-3[/tex]
Rate law for first order is expressed as:
In [A] = -kt + In [A]₀
Given that:
[A] = Final Concentration = 1.85 M
[A]₀ = Initial Concentration = 2.75 M
time-taken = ???
substituting our given data; we have:
In[1.85] = -[5.89 × 10⁻³](t) + In [2.75]
t = [tex]\frac{In(2.75)-In(1.85)}{(5.89*10^{-3}}[/tex]
t = [tex]\frac{0.3964}{5.89*10^{-3}}[/tex]
t = 67.3 s
When one pair of electrons is shared between two atoms, a ______ bond is formed.
Answer: covalent bond
Explanation:
An ionic bond is formed when an element completely transfers its valence electron to another element. The element which donates the electron is known as electropositive element or the metal and the element which accepts the electrons is known as electronegative element or non metal. Example: [tex]NaCl[/tex]
A covalent bond is formed when an element shares its valence electron with another element. This bond is formed between two non metals. Example: [tex]F_2[/tex] which is formed by sharing of one electron each from flourine atom.
A covalent bond is formed when one pair of electrons is shared between two atoms. This bond helps the atoms to complete their valence shell. Multiple pairs of electrons can also be shared, resulting in double and triple bonds.
When one pair of electrons is shared between two atoms, a covalent bond is formed. This type of bond is a strong one that can be formed between two atoms of the same or different elements. The sharing of electrons fulfills each atom's need to complete its valence shell, or outer ring of electrons.
For example, hydrogen gas (H-H) is an instance of a single covalent bond where two atoms of hydrogen each share their solitary electron.
Further, it is important to note that more than one pair of electrons can be shared between a pair of atoms, leading to what we call double and triple bonds. For instance, in formaldehyde (CH₂O), a double bond forms as two pairs of electrons are shared between the carbon and oxygen atoms.
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Aromatic compounds, also known as arenes or aromatics, are chemical compounds that contain conjugated planar ring systems with delocalized pi electron clouds instead of discrete alternating single and double bonds.True / False.
Answer:True
Explanation:
please help me with this chemistry question, image attached.
Draw the major organic product formed when the compound shown below undergoes a reaction with hno3 and h2so4.
Answer:
The solution is shown in the attached image to this answer.
Explanation:
The first attached image is the complete question.
The second attached image is the solution to the question.
The major organic product formed when the compound undergoes a reaction with HNO3 and H2SO4 is the corresponding nitro compound, specifically 2-nitrobenzoic acid.
When the given compound reacts with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) and concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4), it undergoes a nitration reaction. This reaction results in the substitution of a nitro group (-NO2) at the meta position (position 2) of the benzene ring, yielding 2-nitrobenzoic acid as the major product.
The concentrated sulfuric acid serves as a catalyst and helps in the generation of the nitronium ion (NO2+), which is the electrophile responsible for attacking the benzene ring. The nitro group is introduced as a substituent on the aromatic ring, and the carboxylic acid group (-COOH) remains intact. Overall, this reaction is a common method for introducing nitro groups onto aromatic rings and is widely used in organic synthesis for the preparation of various nitroaromatic compounds.
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“A student in your class claims that chemical bonds and intermolecular forces are the same thing. Is this student correct? Justify your answer”
Answer:
The answer to your question is below
Explanation:
This student is wrong.
Chemical bonds are forces that hold atoms together to form a molecule or compound. These interactions are inside the molecule. Example
Ionic bond: NaCl (sodium and chlorine).
Intermolecular forces are weaker than chemical bonds and they are forces between atoms or molecules. These interactions are among different molecules.
Example
Two molecules of water interact forming hydrogen bridges.
A piece of metal is heated by placing it in hot oil. It is removed from the hot oil and dropped into a beaker of cold water. The water heats up due to the transfer of heat from the metal. What happens to the temperature of the beaker? How is the heat that causes the temperature of the glass to rise accounted for in calorimetry
Answer:
a) The temperature of the beaker rises as this transfer of heat goes on.
b) Check Explanation.
Explanation:
a) The heat lost by the piece of metal is normally gained by the all the components that it comes in contact with after the heating procedure.
(Heat lost by piece of metal) = (Heat gained by the cold water) + (Heat gained by the beaker).
So, since heat is also gained by the Beaker, its temperature should rise under normal conditions.
That is essentially what the zeroth law of thermodynamics about thermal equilibrium talks about.
If two bodies are at thermal equilibrium with reach other and body 2 is in thermal equilibrium with a third body, then body 1 and body 3 are also in thermal equilibrium
Temperature of the piece of metal decreases, temperature of water rises and the temperature of the beaker rises as they all try to attain thermal equilibrium.
b) In calorimetry, the aim is usually for the water (in this case) to take up all of the heat supplied by the piece of metal. Hence, the calorimeter is usually heavily insulated (or properly called lagged). Thereby, reducing the amount of heat that the calorimeter would gain.
But in cases where the heat lost to the insulated calorimeter isn't negligible, the heat capacity of the calorimeter is usually obtained and included it is included in the heat transfer calculations.
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The temperature of the beaker of cold water will increase due to the transfer of heat from the hot metal. In calorimetry, the heat gained by the water and the beaker is equal to the heat lost by the metal.
When the hot metal is dropped into the beaker of cold water, a heat transfer process occurs. According to the principle of conservation of energy, energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed. In this case, heat energy is transferred from the higher temperature metal to the lower temperature water and beaker.
The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of the substance by one degree Celsius. The heat lost by the metal can be calculated using the formula:
[tex]\[ q_{\text{metal}} = m_{\text{metal}} \cdot c_{\text{metal}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{metal}} \][/tex]
where [tex]\( q_{\text{metal}} \)[/tex]is the heat lost by the metal, [tex]\( m_{\text{metal}} \)[/tex] is the mass of the metal, [tex]\( c_{\text{metal}} \)[/tex] is the specific heat capacity of the metal, and [tex]\( \Delta T_{\text{metal}} \)[/tex] is the change in temperature of the metal.
Similarly, the heat gained by the water can be calculated using the formula:
[tex]\[ q_{\text{water}} = m_{\text{water}} \cdot c_{\text{water}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{water}} \][/tex]
where [tex]\( q_{\text{water}} \)[/tex] is the heat gained by the water, [tex]\( m_{\text{water}} \)[/tex] is the mass of the water,[tex]\( c_{\text{water}} \)[/tex] is the specific heat capacity of water, and [tex]\( \Delta T_{\text{water}} \)[/tex] is the change in temperature of the water.
In calorimetry, assuming no heat is lost to the surroundings, the heat lost by the metal is equal to the heat gained by the water (and the beaker, if its heat capacity is considered):
[tex]\[ q_{\text{metal}} = q_{\text{water}} + q_{\text{beaker}} \][/tex][tex]\[ m_{\text{metal}} \cdot c_{\text{metal}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{metal}} = m_{\text{water}} \cdot c_{\text{water}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{water}} + m_{\text{beaker}} \cdot c_{\text{beaker}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{beaker}} \][/tex]
Here, [tex]\( m_{\text{beaker}} \)[/tex] is the mass of the beaker, [tex]\( c_{\text{beaker}} \)[/tex] is the specific heat capacity of the beaker material, and [tex]\( \Delta T_{\text{beaker}} \)[/tex] is the change in temperature of the beaker. The temperature change of the beaker and the water will be the same if they reach thermal equilibrium.
The temperature of the beaker will rise until thermal equilibrium is reached, at which point the temperature of the metal, water, and beaker will be the same. The heat that causes the temperature of the glass beaker to rise is accounted for in calorimetry by including the beaker's mass and specific heat capacity in the calculations.
Given that 7.25 moles of carbon monoxide gas are present in a container of volume 11.90 L, what is the pressure of the gas (in atm) if the temperature is 87°C?
Answer:17.955atm
Explanation:Pv=nrt
P= nrt/v
P= 7.25*0.08205*360/11.90
P= 214.1505/11.90
P=17.995atm
If 1 10 liter sample of O2 gas at 300 kelvin and 0.5 atmosphere of pressure contains 5.0 x 10^22 molecules ....... how many molecules would a 10 liter sample of H2 have if it was at the same temperature and pressure as the oxygen remember that hydrogens are 1/16th the size of oxygen
Answer:
Explanation:
The detailed steps and calculations is as shown in the attached file.
Answer:
Number of molecules of H2=4.5454375x[tex]10^{21}[/tex]
Explanation
Given:
P1=P2=0.5 atmosphere=0.505x[tex]10^{5}[/tex]pa
T1=T2=300k
V1=10 liters of O2
N=5.0x[tex]10^{22}[/tex] molecules
10 liters of H2
V2=? liters of O2
H2=1/16 of O2
Procedure:
for every liter of H2, there are 16 liters of O2 since H2=1/16 of O2,
Therefore, 10 liters of H2= 160 liters of O2 i.e.
V2=160 liters of O2.
Applying ideal gas equation,
VP=NkT :where P is pressure, V is volume, N is number of molecules, T is temperature in kelvin and k is Boltzman constant=1.38X[tex]10^{-23}[/tex]J/K.
considering change in volume of O2, N can be calculated as follows:
V1P1=N1kT1..................................(1)
V2P2=N2kT2...............................(2)
dividing (2) by (1)
V2P2/V1P1=N2kT2/N1kT1
but P1=P2 and T1=T2 since they remain the same, they cancel out.
∵ V2/V1=N2/N1
substituting values, we have
160/110=N2/5.0x[tex]10^{22}[/tex]
N2=1.4545x5.0x[tex]10^{22}[/tex] =7.2727x[tex]10^{22}[/tex] molecules of O2
Recall that
N2 of H2=1/16 of N2 of O2
∵Number of molecules of H2=1/16 of 7.2727x[tex]10^{22}[/tex]
=4.5454x[tex]10^{21}[/tex]
Number of molecules of H2=4.5454375x[tex]10^{21}[/tex]
Unit mass is measured in...
Answer: The kilogram is the SI unit of mass and it is the almost universally used standard mass unit.
Explanation: When we use kilograms to measure weight, we are actually referring to kgf or kilogram-force.
A solution of permanganate is standardized by titration with oxalic acid (). It required 54.77 mL of the permanganate solution to react completely with 0.3577 g of oxalic acid. The unbalanced equation for the reaction is What is the molarity of the permanganate solution
Answer:
0.1814 M
Explanation:
From the balanced equation of reaction:
[tex]2MnO_4^- + 16H^+ + 5C_2H_4^{2-} --> 2Mn^{2+} + 10CO_2 + 8H_2O[/tex]
2 mole of the permanganate requires 5 moles of oxalic acid.
Mole of 0.3577 g of oxalic acid = [tex]\frac{mass}{molar mass}[/tex]
= 0.3577/90.03
=0.00397 mole
Mole of permangante that will require 0.00397 mole of oxalic acid:
= 5 x 0.00397/2
= 0.00993 mole
Molarity of permanganate = mole/volume
Volume of permanganate = 54.77 mL = 0.05477 L
Molarity = 0.00993/0.05477
= 0.1814 M
The molarity of the permangante solution is 0.1814 M
Answer:
See explanation below
Explanation:
The reaction between permanganate and oxalic acid, is a redox reaction, and this can be balance in acid medium or basic medium.
The reaction (without being balanced) is the following:
MnO₄⁻ + H₂C₂O₄ -------> Mn²⁺ + CO₂ + H₂O
Now, to get the molarity, we need to use the following expression:
M₁V₁ = M₂V₂ (1)
Where:
1: permanganate
2: oxalic acid
And the moles:
n = M*V (2)
However, expression (1) is only valid when the mole ratio between the two species, is the same (or 1:1). In this case, we do not know if the mole ratio is 1:1 because the reaction is unbalanced. Once the reaction is balanced we will see the mole ratio, and then, use the expression (1) to get the concentration.
Balancing the equation using the acid medium:
MnO₄⁻ + 8H⁺ + 5e⁻ -------> Mn²⁺ + 4H₂O Reduction
H₂C₂O₄ ------------> 2CO₂ + 2e⁻ + 2H⁺ Oxidation
Equalling both equations:
(MnO₄⁻ + 8H⁺ + 5e⁻ -------> Mn²⁺ + 4H₂O) *2
(H₂C₂O₄ ------------> 2CO₂ + 2e⁻ + 2H⁺) * 5
___________________________________
2MnO₄⁻ + 16H⁺ + 10e⁻ -------> 2Mn²⁺ + 8H₂O
5H₂C₂O₄ ------------> 10CO₂ + 10e⁻ + 10H⁺
____________________________________
2MnO₄⁻ + 5H₂C₂O₄ + 6H⁺ -------> 2Mn²⁺ + 10CO₂ + 8H₂O
This is the balanced equation. According to this, we can say that the mole ratio is 2:5, therefore expression (1) becomes:
2M₁V₁ = 5M₂V₂ ---> solving for M₁:
M₁ = 5M₂V₂ / 2V₁ (3)
Now that we know the expression, and the volume required, we need to get the concentration and volume of the acid. However, we do not know that, we only know the mass. So, we have to use the moles of oxalic acid to get the concentration. So replacing (2) in (3) we have:
M₁ = 5n₂ / 2V₁ (4)
Now, to get the moles, we need the molecular weight of the oxalic acid which is:
MM = (2*1) + (2*12) + (4*16) = 90 g/mol
The moles would be:
n = 0.3577 / 90 = 0.00397 moles
Finally, the concentration of the permanganate solution:
M₁ = 5*0.00397 / 2*0.05477
M₁ = 0.1812 M
Liquid nitrogen trichloride is heated in a 1.25−L closed reaction vessel until it decomposes completely to gaseous elements. The resulting mixture exerts a pressure of 773 mmHg at 86°C. What is the partial pressure of each gas in the container?
Answer:
N2= 193.25mmHg
Cl2= 579.75mmHg
Explanation:
Total number of moles=4
For N2 mole fraction=1/4
Partial pressure of N2= 1/4× 773= 193.25mmHg
For Cl2, mole fraction= 3/4
Partial pressure of Cl2= 3/4 × 773 = 579.75 mmHg
The correct partial pressures of each gas in the container are:
[tex]\[ P_{\text{N}_2} = \frac{2}{3} \times 773 \text{ mmHg} \] \[ P_{\text{Cl}_2} = \frac{1}{3} \times 773 \text{ mmHg} \][/tex]
To find the partial pressures of each gas, we use Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures, which states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas. The chemical equation for the decomposition of nitrogen trichloride (NCl3) is:
[tex]\[ 2\text{NCl}_3(l) \rightarrow 2\text{N}_2(g) + 3\text{Cl}_2(g) \][/tex]
From the stoichiometry of the balanced equation, we see that 2 moles of NCl3 decompose to form 2 moles of N2 and 3 moles of Cl2. Therefore, for every mole of NCl3 that decomposes, 1 mole of N2 and 1.5 moles of Cl2 are produced. This gives us a molar ratio of N2 to Cl2 of 2:3 or, simplified, 2 parts N2 for every 3 parts Cl2, which corresponds to a ratio of 2/5 for N2 and 3/5 for Cl2 in the mixture.
Since the total pressure of the mixture is 773 mmHg, we can calculate the partial pressure of each gas by multiplying the total pressure by the respective molar ratios:
For nitrogen (N2):
[tex]\[ P_{\text{N}_2} = \frac{2}{5} \times 773 \text{ mmHg} \] \[ P_{\text{N}_2} = \frac{2}{3} \times 773 \text{ mmHg} \][/tex]
For chlorine (Cl2):
[tex]\[ P_{\text{Cl}_2} = \frac{3}{5} \times 773 \text{ mmHg} \] \[ P_{\text{Cl}_2} = \frac{1}{3} \times 773 \text{ mmHg} \][/tex]
Thus, the partial pressure of nitrogen gas (N2) is[tex]\( \frac{2}{3} \times 773 \text{ mmHg} \)[/tex] , and the partial pressure of chlorine gas (Cl2) is [tex]\( \frac{1}{3} \times 773 \text{ mmHg} \)[/tex]. These are the partial pressures of each gas in the container after the decomposition of liquid nitrogen trichloride.
How many milliliters of ammonium sulfate solution having a concentration of 0.218 M are needed to react completely with 62.6 ml of 2.31 M sodium hydroxide solution?
Answer:
330 mL of (NH₄)₂SO₄ are needed
Explanation:
First of all, we determine the reaction:
(NH₄)₂SO₄ + 2NaOH → 2NH₃ + 2H₂O + Na₂SO₄
We determine the moles of base:
(First, we convert the volume from mL to L) → 62.6 mL . 1L/1000 mL = 0.0626L
Molarity . volume (L) = 2.31 mol/L . 0.0626 L = 0.144 moles
Ratio is 2:1. Therefore we make a rule of three:
2 moles of hydroxide react with 1 mol of sulfate
Then, 0.144 moles of NaOH must react with (0.144 .1) /2 = 0.072 moles
If we want to determine the volume → Moles / Molarity
0.072 mol / 0.218 mol/L = 0.330 L
We convert from L to mL → 0.330L . 1000 mL/1L = 330 mL
Suppose a small island is home to two troops of monkeys. Every year, a certain fraction of each troop of monkeys are killed by predators. Every summer, each surviving pair of monkeys has one child. In this simplified model, the monkey population would look something like this:
Troop #1: Troop #2:
Year Season Number of
Monkeys
1 Spring 7
Summer 10
2 Spring 8
Summer 12
3 Spring 9
Summer 13
4 Spring 10
Summer 15
Year Season Number of
Monkeys
1 Spring 7
Summer 10
2 Spring 9
Summer 13
3 Spring 11
Summer 16
4 Spring 14
Summer 21
The first troop spends more time on the ground. The second troop spends more time in the trees.
Compare the sizes of the two monkey troops through time. Which of the following statements about the monkey troops is true?
A.
Because members of the first troop were better able to avoid predators, more of them were able to reproduce.
B.
Because members of the first troop were better able to reproduce, more of them were able to avoid predators.
C.
Because members of the second troop were better able to reproduce, more of them were able to avoid predators.
D.
Because members of the second troop were better able to avoid predators, more of them were able to reproduce.
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Answer:
D) Because members of the second troop were better able to avoid predators, more of them were able to reproduce
In an ecosystem, because members of the second troop were better able to avoid predators, more of them were able to reproduce.
What is an ecosystem?Ecosystem is defined as a system which consists of all living organisms and the physical components with which the living beings interact. The abiotic and biotic components are linked to each other through nutrient cycles and flow of energy.
Energy enters the system through the process of photosynthesis .Animals play an important role in transfer of energy as they feed on each other.As a result of this transfer of matter and energy takes place through the system .Living organisms also influence the quantity of biomass present.By decomposition of dead plants and animals by microbes nutrients are released back in to the soil.
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Objects with higher temperatures:________________.1. emit only shortwave radiation. 2. emit most of their energy in the form of longwave energy. 3. radiate less total energy than cooler objects radiate. 4. emit more shortwave radiation than cooler objects do.
Answer:
the awnser is 20dggrees
Explanation:
Nalorphine (c19h21no3), a relative of morphine, is used to combat withdrawal symptoms in narcotics users. how many grams of a 1.3 x 10-3 m aqueous solution of nalorphine are needed to obtain a dose of 1.5 mg?
Answer:
3.7g
Explanation:
First we calculate the molar mass of the drug. Secondly, we now obtain the mass of the drug solution required at the given concentration to obtain a 1.5 milligram dose of the drug. The substitution is now properly done and the mass is obtained as 3.7g of the nalorphine drug which is a relative or morphine used to combat withdrawal symptoms in narcotic users.
5. Explain in your own words what the author means when he says that “on a molecular level, no one compound is grosser than any other.”
On a molecular level, the author means that no compound is grosser than any other, as all compounds are made up of the same fundamental building blocks: atoms and molecules.
Explanation:The author means that, on a molecular level, no one compound is inherently more disgusting or repulsive than another. This statement suggests that all compounds, regardless of their odor, appearance, or taste, are made up of the same fundamental building blocks: atoms and molecules. For example, two compounds may have different smells, but they are both composed of the same elements and bond together in similar ways. So, while certain compounds may be perceived as gross or unpleasant to our senses, from a molecular standpoint, they are all equally fascinating and interconnected.
Seawater density increases with increasing salinity and decreasing pressure. True or False
Answer:
FALSE
Explanation:
The density of seawater depends on certain factors such as-
Amount of salt present- The density of seawater is directly proportional to the salt concentration in the seawater. More is the amount of salt, more is the water density. Pressure- The seawater density increases with the increasing pressure. Pressure thus plays a significant role in controlling the density of seawater. The temperature of the seawater- The temperature also plays an important role, as both temperature and density of seawater are inversely proportional to each other.Thus, the above-given statement is False.
A common laboratory preparation of oxygen gas is the thermal decomposition of potassium chlorate (KClO3). Assuming complete decomposition, calculate the number of grams of O2 gas that can be obtained from 24.82 g KClO3. (The products are KCl and O2).
Answer:
9.72 g of O₂ are obtained in the decomposition
Explanation:
Reaction of decomposition is:
2KClO₃ → 2KCl + 3O₂
Ratio is 2:3. First, we determine the moles of chlorate
24.82 g. 1mol/ 122.55g = 0.202 moles
2 moles of chlorate can decompose into 3 moles of oxgen
Therefore, 0.202 moles of chlorate will decompose into (0.202 .3)/2 = 0.303 moles of O₂
We determine the mass of formed oxygen:
0.303 mol . 32g / 1mol = 9.72 g
Final answer:
The number of grams of O2 gas that can be obtained from 24.82 g of KClO3 is 9.725 g. This is calculated by converting the mass of KClO3 to moles, using the stoichiometric relationship from the balanced equation, and then converting moles of O2 to grams.
Explanation:
To calculate the number of grams of O2 gas that can be obtained from 24.82 g of KClO3, we need to follow a series of stoichiometric conversions. Initially, we must ensure that we have a balanced chemical equation, which for the decomposition of potassium chlorate to potassium chloride and oxygen gas is:
2 KClO3(s) → 2 KCl(s) + 3 O2(g)
This tells us that from every 2 moles of KClO3 we get 3 moles of O2. We can use the molar masses to convert between grams and moles:
1 mol of KClO3 is 122.55 g/mol1 mol of O2 is 32.00 g/molDividing the total mass of KClO3 by its molar mass gives us:
24.82 g KClO3 × (1 mol KClO3 / 122.55 g) = 0.2026 mol KClO3
Next, we use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to determine the moles of O2:
0.2026 mol KClO3 × (3 mol O2 / 2 mol KClO3) = 0.3039 mol O2
Finally, we convert the moles of oxygen to grams:
0.3039 mol O2 × (32.00 g/mol O2) = 9.725 g O2
Therefore, from 24.82 g of KClO3, we can theoretically obtain 9.725 g of oxygen gas, assuming complete decomposition.
Generally speaking, elements with high electronegativities are 1. nonmetals. 2. likely to form anions (except the noble gases). 3. All of these 4. easily reduced (except the noble gases).
Answer:
1. Nonmetals.
2. Likely to form anions (except the noble gases).
3. All of these
4. Easily reduced (except the noble gases).
Explanation:
Elements with high electronegativities are found towards the upper right corner of the Periodic Table. Thus, they have all the above properties.
Nonmetals.
Likely to form anions (except the noble gases).
All of these
Easily reduced (except the noble gases).
electronegativity can be regarded as chemical property that is been possessed by an element which gives description of the tendency that the atom or a functional group of that elements have to attract electrons toward itself. All electronegative elements posses the tendency which gives the enablement to form anions only although Noble gases are excepted from thisFluorine can be regarded as the most electronegative element electronegative elements are regarded as non-metals , such as Chlorine, Oxygen, Fluorine and otherselectronegative elements can be reduced easily during redox reactionIn the periodic table , Electronegativities of this elements tends to experience increase from left to right across.Therefore, Electronegative elements are known to be non-metals.
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An aqueous potassium carbonate solution is made by dissolving 6.35 moles of K 2 CO 3 in sufficient water so that the final volume of the solution is 4.30 L . Calculate the molarity of the K 2 CO 3 solution.
Answer:
The molarity of the solution is 1,48M
Explanation:
In chemistry, molarity, M, is an unit of concentration that represent the ratio between moles of solute and volume of solvent in liters.
In the problem, the solute is potassium carbonate, K₂CO₃, and the solvent is water.
There are 6.35moles of potassium carbonate and 4.30L of water. That means molarity is:
6,35mol / 4,30L = 1,48M
I hope it helps!
We observe a distant object in space and see that the spectral lines for hydrogen in the object's light appear at a shorter wavelength than normal. What does this tell us about the object
Answer:
This tells us the radial velocity of the object and that the object is approaching or coming towards us.
Explanation:
Certain chemicals radiate with particular wavelengths or colors when their temperature is raised or when they are charged electrically. Also observable are dark strokes separating the spectrum known as absorption lines
These spectral lines of chemicals are well known as stated above and from the phenomenon of Doppler effect, spectroscopy can be used to detect the movement of a distant object by the change of the emitted frequency of the wavelength
The Doppler effect is used in calculating the radial velocity of a distant object due to the fact that an approaching object compresses its emitted signal wavelength while a receding object has a longer wavelength than normal
Consider a culture medium on which only gram-positive organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus colonies can grow due to an elevated NaCl level. A yellow halo surrounds the growth, indicating the bacterium fermented a sugar in the medium, decreasing the pH as a result and changing the color of a pH indicator chemical. This type
Explanation:
Selective media allow specific types of organisms to develop, and inhibit the development of different living beings. The selectivity is cultivated in a few ways.For model, living beings that can use a given sugar are handily screened by making that sugar the main carbon source in the medium. On the other hand,selective hindrance of certain sorts of microorganisms can be accomplished by adding dyes, anti-infection agents, salts or explicit inhibitors which influence the digestion or enzyme systems of the living beingsDifferential media are utilized to separate firmly related life forms or groups of living beings. owing to the pre of specific colors or synthetic compounds in the media, the creatures will deliver trademark changes or development designs that are utilized for ID or separation. An assortment of particular and differential media are utilized in clinical, demonstrative and water contamination research facilities, and in food and dairy laboratoriesSelective media because elevated NaCI level is designed to help grow selective bacteria.differential media because the fermented sugar gives off a yellow halo which allows for differentiate between bacteriaOur best evidence and theoretical calculations indicate that the solar system began with a giant spinning system of gas and dust that scientists call __________.
Answer:
Solar nebula
Explanation:
The theory of the origin of the solar system emanates from the believe that a dense giant spinning cloud of dust condensed to produce our solar system.
This cloud of dust is called the solar nebula.
The solar nebula is a gaseous cloud of dust. It is made up of very tiny particles that were constantly spinning around one another. This cloud was postulated to have formed the solar system we have now.The element that can act like a metal when it is under tremendous pressure and is probably responsible for Jupiter and Saturn's magnetism is:__________. 1. hydrogen 2. water 3. helium 4. unobtanium 5. gold
Answer:
1. Hydrogen
Explanation:
The interior of these planets contains liquid hydrogen (the Earth has liquid iron in it).
When this element is subjected to tremendous pressures (as in Jupiter and Saturn), the electrons of each hydrogen atom can "jump" to other atoms. This property allows liquid hydrogen to behave with a metal.
With the rotation of the planets and the large amount of constant energy emitted by the nucleus, currents are induced in liquid hydrogen, giving rise to magnetic fields that propagate for millions of kilometers in space (Jupiter's magnetic field is fourteen times stronger than Earth's, for example).
How are combustion and cellular respiration different? How are combustion and cellular respiration different? Cellular respiration breaks down sugar, and combustion breaks down octane. Combustion produces heat, but cellular respiration does not. Cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide and water, but combustion does not. Cellular respiration requires oxygen, but combustion does not.
Answer:
Cellular respiration is the process by which the molecules of food are broken down into simple components due to the oxidation process resulting in the release of cellular energy in the form of ATP. Cellular respiration involves the oxidation of fats, carbohydrates (sugars), and proteins which are fuels for the cellular respiration process.
The combustion is also an exothermic reaction just like cellular respiration. Combustion is a process of burning, in this, the reactants are reacted with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide and water. For example, gasoline is octane and it burns to produce water and carbon dioxide as products.
Combustion and cellular respiration are energy-releasing processes with differences in mechanisms and outcomes. Cellular respiration generates ATP and happens in cells, while combustion releases energy as heat and light.
Combustion and cellular respiration are two processes that release energy through the breakdown of substances, but they differ significantly in their mechanisms and outcomes.
Key Differences
Substances Broken Down: Cellular respiration breaks down glucose, while combustion typically breaks down fuels like octane.Energy Release: Combustion produces heat and light, whereas cellular respiration primarily produces ATP, the energy currency of cells, with minimal release of heat.Byproducts: Both processes produce carbon dioxide and water, but cellular respiration focuses on energy conservation through ATP production, not intense heat.Oxygen Requirements: Cellular respiration requires oxygen just as much as combustion does.In summary, cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of cells and converts glucose into ATP using oxygen, whereas combustion breaks down various fuels with oxygen to release energy as heat and light.
Discuss what all the values of w and q should be if a system is exothermic. Then discuss what all the values of w and q should be if a system is endothermic.
Answer:
In an exothermic reaction, q is negative while w is positive.
In an endothermic reaction, q is positive while w is negative
Explanation:
An Exothermic reaction is one in which the heat content of the system is greater than the heat content of the surroundings. As a result of this, heat (measured by Q) is given off into the surroundings and the surroundings is hotter than than the system. The heat emitted does work against the surroundings, hence the value of work done W is positive.
An endothermic reaction is the opposite of an exothermic reaction.
During an endothermic reaction, the heat content of the reactants is lesser than the heat content of the products. The surroundings then does work on the system , resulting in heat (measured by Q) being absorbed from the surroundings into the system, making the system hotter than than the surroundings. The value of work done W in an endothermic reaction is negative because the system does work against the surroundings.
When an electron moves from a higher energy level in an atom to a lower energy level, a. a redshifted spectrum is emitted. b. a photon is absorbed. c. a photon is emitted. d. a continuous spectrum is emitted.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The question asks to know what happens when an electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower energy level.
Firstly, it is important to note that when an electron moves from a lower energy level to a higher energy level, energy is absorbed by the atom. Conversely, when an electron moves from a region of higher energy to a region of lower energy, energy is released by the atom.
Thus we can say that the movement of an electron from a region of higher energy to a region of lower energy can result in the emission of a photon of light as energy is released by the atom
In electron energy transition when an electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower one in an atom, it emits a photon. This is because the electron discards the excess energy it no longer needs when it shifts to a less energetic state. These energy releases as photons create atomic spectral lines that help astronomers identify certain elements in the universe.
This physics-related query pertains to the behavior of electrons in electromagnetic radiation, which can be best understood through photons -- particles of light. When an electron goes from a higher energy level to a lower one within an atom, option (c) - a photon is emitted is accurate. This movement signifies that an electron is transmitting energy, which happens in the form of a photon.
In a higher energy state, the electron has more energy than it requires to maintain its 'orbit' around the nucleus of the atom. Consequently, when it descends to a lower energy level, the reduction in energy gets emitted as a photon. The different energy levels in an atom correspond to certain fixed amounts of energy; as such, the energy difference between the higher and lower levels translates into a photon of a specific frequency. This entire process forms the basis of atomic spectral lines, that aid astronomers in determining the elements present in a celestial body.
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A 19.0 L helium tank is pressurized to 26.0 atm. When connected to this tank, a balloon will inflate because the pressure inside the tank is greater than the atmospheric pressure pushing on the outside of the balloon. Assuming the balloon could expand indefinitely and never burst, the pressure would eventually equalize causing the balloon to stop inflating. What would the volume of the balloon be when this happens
Answer:
The new volume of the balloon when the pressure equalised with the pressure of the atmosphere = 494 L.
The balloon expands by am additional 475 L.
Explanation:
Assuming Helium behaves like an ideal gas and temperature is constant.
According to Boyle's law for ideal gases, at constant temperature,
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
P₁ = 26 atm
V₁ = 19.0 L
P₂ = 1 atm (the balloon is said to expand till the pressure matches the pressure of the atmpsphere; and the pressure of the atmosphere is 1 atm)
V₂ = ?
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
(26 × 19) = 1 × V₂
V₂ = 494 L (it is assumed the balloon never bursts)
The new volume of the balloon when the pressure equalised with the pressure of the atmosphere = 494 L.
The balloon expands by am additional 475 L.
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Using the ideal gas law, the volume of the balloon when it stops inflating and the pressures equalize would be 494.0 L, as calculated from the initial pressure and volume of the tank and the atmospheric pressure.
Explanation:The question concerns the behavior of gases under different conditions and relates to the ideal gas law, which is a fundamental concept in chemistry. When a balloon is filled with helium from a tank with a pressure of 26.0 atm and a volume of 19.0 L, the balloon will inflate until the pressure inside the balloon equals the outside atmospheric pressure. At this point, the volume of the balloon could be derived using the ideal gas law, which states that for a fixed amount of gas at constant temperature, the product of the pressure and volume (P1V1) will be equal to the product of the final pressure and volume (P2V2). In this scenario, assuming the temperature remains constant and the atmospheric pressure is 1 atm, we apply the equation P1V1 = P2V2.
Given that P1 is 26.0 atm and V1 is 19.0 L, and P2 is 1.0 atm (atmospheric pressure), we can solve for V2 as follows: V2 = (P1V1/P2) = (26.0 atm * 19.0 L) / 1.0 atm = 494.0 L. The volume of the balloon when it stops inflating and the pressures equalize would be 494.0 L.
Electrolysis of molten MgCl2 is the final production step in the isolation of magnesium from seawater by the Dow process. Assuming that 38.0 g of Mg metal forms, answer the following questions. (a) How many moles of electrons are required? 2 mol e− (b) How many coulombs are required? 1.93 × 10 5 C Enter your answer in scientific notation. (c) How many amps will produce this amount in 3.50 h? A
For the electrolysis of molten MgCl2, 1.57 moles of electrons (or 3.03 x 10^5 Coulombs) are required to produce 38.0 g of Mg. This would require a current of approximately 24.0 Amperes over 3.5 hours.
Explanation:The electrolysis of molten MgCl2 for the isolation of magnesium from seawater by the Dow process involves a reaction where 1 mole of Mg metal is produced for every 2 moles of electrons involved. Therefore, if 38.0 g of Mg forms, which is approximately 1.57 moles (given magnesium's molar mass is 24.31 g/mol), the number of moles of electrons required is twice this amount, or approximately 3.14 moles of electrons.
Faraday's constant, which is equal to approximately 96485.332 Coulombs per mole of electrons, is used to find the amount of charge required. By multiplying the number of moles of electrons by Faraday's constant, you can find that approximately 3.03 x 10^5 Coulombs are required.
Current, measured in Amperes (A), is a measure of the amount of charge passing a point in a circuit per unit time. Therefore, to find the current necessary to produce this amount in 3.5 hours (or 12600 seconds), divide the total charge required by the time, giving approximately 24.0 A
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Breads and other whole grain foods are composed of very large polysaccharide molecules which contain hydrogen, oxygen, and which other element?A) carbonB) ironC) nitrogenD) water
Final answer:
Bread and whole grain foods contain large polysaccharide molecules which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbon is the element present in carbohydrates and is essential in forming biomolecules found in foods like bread. Glycogen is an example of a complex polysaccharide composed of these elements.
Explanation:
Breads and other whole-grain foods are composed of large polysaccharide molecules which include hydrogen, oxygen, and the other element is carbon. Carbohydrates, which are found in these foods, are made up of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) atoms. Polysaccharides like starch and glycogen are complex carbohydrates, which are made up of many monosaccharide units.
The nutrient that is part of carbohydrates, like bread, also present in proteins and nucleic acids that forms biomolecules, is carbon. The complex carbohydrate glycogen, for example, has a chemical formula of C24H42021, indicating it is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen elements. Glycogen is a polysaccharide, as its name suggests (poly- meaning many and saccharide meaning sugar), and not a monosaccharide because it consists of multiple sugar units.