Mary works full-time at an office downtown while her young children stay at a neighbor’s house. She’s just learned that the childcare provider is leaving the country. Mary has succumbed to pressure to volunteer at her church, plus her ailing mother-in-law will be moving in with her next month. Which of the following is likely to occur as Mary tries to balance her existing and new responsibilities?
Role conflict
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Status conflict
Status strain

A sociologist researching how social media affects mental health may inquire about the larger socioeconomic and structural elements affecting this problem, as well as the social dynamics and cultural norms surrounding social media usage.

To learn about people's experiences with social media and how it affects their mental health, sociologists may employ qualitative techniques including focus groups, participant observation, and interviews.

Additionally, they may use surveys or content analysis to compile quantitative information on the patterns of social media use and the results for various populations' mental health.

Sociologists and psychologists would take different approaches to the research on how social media affects mental health; sociologists would look at societal variables and group dynamics, while psychologists would focus on an individual's cognitive, emotional, and psychological processes.

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Sociologists investigate how social media impacts society with methods like surveys and ethnographies, while psychologists focus on the platform's effects on individuals, employing studies and experiments. They provide complementary insights into the complexities of social and psychological aspects of current issues.

Sociologists and psychologists often study the same issues but through different lenses. Sociologists might look at a current issue like the impact of social media on human interactions. They would ask questions such as how social media alters community involvement or affects family dynamics. Methods that might be employed include surveys, participant observation, ethnography, or secondary data analysis. In contrast, a psychologist studying the same issue would ask questions about how social media use affects individual mental health, cognitive development, or personal relationships. They might use methods like clinical studies, experiments, or psychometric assessments to understand the psychological impact of social media use.

While sociologists might focus on social patterns and structures using a more holistic and external approach, psychologists are more likely to delve into the internal workings of the mind and its influence on behavior. These distinct lenses allow sociologists and psychologists to contribute unique insights into the human experience.

Answer: 2) Athough it was supported by the conference members, the colonial governments rejected it.

Explanation: The true statement regarding the Albany Plan of Union, 1754, is although it was supported by the conference members, the colonial governments rejected it. In 1754 the American colonies were about to enter the French and Indian War. Britain and France were fighting over territories in America. The Albany Plan of Union was meant to establish a plan of defense for the colonies, should they be attacked by France. The delegates supported the plan but the colonial governments rejected it.

Answer:

The correct answer choice to the question: What makes Native Americans unique as a subordinate group in the United States, would be: They are the only group that is indigenous to the United States.

Explanation:

Subordinate groups, are groups of people from a race, origin, language, culture, or ethnic origin that were forced to become inferior to another simply because they were overcome with numbers, or unbalance in power. One example of such a group are the Native Americans, a group of people that used to be quite numerous in the Americas before the arrival of the Europeans, but that with time dwindled and fell as they were overpowered by the higher weaponry, organization, and numbers, of the white settlers. There are other groups also known as subordinate, like African Americans. However, from these groups, the characteristic that makes Native Americans unique is that they were the only ones indigenous to the American lands.

Native Americans are unique as they are the only indigenous group in the U.S. Their distinctive place in America's social hierarchy is due to their early presence and experiences such as forced expulsion from their lands and attempts to undermine their culture and sovereignty.

The uniqueness of Native Americans as a subordinate group in the United States largely arises from their status as the only group indigenous to the U.S. While many other racial and ethnic groups have been marginalized and discriminated against, Native Americans hold a distinctive place in America's social hierarchy due to their early presence and subsequent experiences. Though it's true that other groups have faced racial segregation, enslavement, and other forms of discrimination and violence, the history of Native Americans is characterized by forced expulsion from their ancestral lands and a long history of legal and social attempts to diminish their culture and sovereignty.

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The correct answer is C. The way that various forms of media socialize users

Explanation:

The functionalist theoretical perspective is one of the main perspectives in sociology that aims at explaining multiple aspects such as family, culture, globalization, and technology in terms of function. Indeed in this theory, technology and other elements are necessary for social stability, in the case of technology Functionalist include factors such as the role of technology in information transmission, the role of technology in communication and the socialization of people as this guarantee the stability in society. Considering this, in terms of technology would focus on the way that various forms of media socialize users as functionalists deal with the role of different elements in social stability.

A functionalist would focus on how media and technology socialize users, contributing to societal stability and smooth functioning, making option (c) the correct answer.

When it comes to media and technology, a functionalist perspective would focus on the way that various forms of media socialize users. This perspective is interested in understanding the functions media and technology serve in society, such as facilitating communication, leisure, and education. Functionalism regards technology and media as tools that contribute to the stability and smooth functioning of society, often by encouraging conformity and integration through shared social norms and values. Therefore, the correct answer to the question of what a functionalist would focus on is (c) the way that various forms of media socialize users.

Answer:

Demedicalization

Explanation:

Homosexuality is no longer defined in Psychiatry DSM. They no longer define it in medical terms, therefore they do not consider necessary intervention or medical personnel is not anymore considerated appropiate. When in 1974, the decision by the American Psychiatric Association decided to eliminate this diagnosis , it became a popular example of demedicalization.

The impact then has been measured in the following areas:  changes and tendencys in attitudes towards previous stigmas ,treatment of HIV AIDS policies, social movements seeking furhter rights for inclusion.

The decision made has also stimulated some social practices that would make many others argue that remedicalization, that is, going backwars would target health issues that are related to the practices of homosexuality, but this is highly improbable. We can notice how demedicalization is often a hot debate in social sciences.

The removal of homosexuality from the DSM is an example of demedicalization, which is the process that reclassifies behavior previously labeled as medical conditions to non-pathological status.

The removal of homosexuality from the DSM represents an example of demedicalization. This term refers to the process by which behaviors previously labeled and treated as medical conditions are reclassified as non-pathological and, thus, no longer considered symptoms of a mental disorder. The American Psychological Association (APA) listed homosexuality as a mental disorder until 1973, when it was removed from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), signifying a shift in how the behavior was socially constructed and understood.

Demedicalization is the opposite of medicalization, which is the process where non-medical problems become defined and treated as medical problems. The removal of homosexuality from the DSM reversed its earlier medicalization and underscored the changing perspective towards sexual orientation in society and the mental health profession.

Answer:

Symbolic interactionism is usually considered to use the micro level perspective.  

Explanation:

In sociology, theories and perspectives tend to be divided into macro level and micro level, according to their focus and level of analysis when studying the social world.

The macro level perspective views large-scale social processes, focusing on social change and stability; conflict theory and structural functionalism are examples of this theoretical perspective.

Micro-level sociology tends to study interactions between individuals or small groups, the dynamics and characteristics of these interactions, are the object of study. Interactionism and symbolic interactionism are examples of this level of analysis.

The theory that is most likely to look at the social world on a micro level is Symbolic interactionism.

Symbolic interactions theory is known to be one that  sees or perceive the social world at a micro level.

This theory is one that emanated from the practical views and studies the ways that  people do have a kind of social interaction and they tend to interpret them.

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Final answer:

Students should indeed consider the refund option before the course drop deadline, as financial considerations are a critical part of managing their educational journey effectively.

Explanation:

False: Prior to the deadline, students should take the refund option into account when deciding to drop a course. It is a practical and often necessary consideration that factors into making an informed decision. Dropping a course can have a variety of implications, including financial consequences, which should be weighed carefully. Moreover, students have to manage their educational finances wisely, as the cost of tuition can be burdensome and decisions made can impact financial security after college. The ability to recoup some funds via a refund can sometimes provide the financial flexibility needed to adjust their college plans without incurring additional debt or financial strain.

"The correct answer is False: Prior to the deadline, students should take this refund option into account when deciding to drop the course this statement is false.

When a student is doing poorly in a course, they may consider dropping the course as an option. Universities typically have a refund policy that allows students to receive a refund if they drop a course before a certain deadline. This financial aspect is an important consideration for students, especially those who may be facing financial constraints.

Taking into account the possibility of a refund can influence a student's decision-making process. If a student is eligible for a refund, it may alleviate some of the financial stress associated with paying for a course that they will not complete or that may negatively impact their GPA. Therefore, it is prudent for students to be aware of the refund policy and deadline, and to factor this information into their decision about whether or not to drop a course.

In summary, the availability of a refund is a relevant factor that should be considered by students who are contemplating dropping a course before the refund deadline. It is not advisable to ignore this aspect of the decision-making process, as it can have significant financial implications."

The correct answer is B.  “There are multiple independent intelligences, and each must be defined within the context of a particular culture.”

Explanation:

Howard Gardner is an important American psychologist and professor of Harvard University that proposed the Theory of Multiple Intelligences that states human intelligence is not dominated by just one ability but there are different modalities of intelligence or abilities based on a criteria designed by Howard that led to eight different modalities of intelligence, although more intelligences have been proposed in the last years. Besides, Howard stated all of them are independent and develop or activate in a specific cultural context and that therefore are defined depending on the values of cultures. Considering this, the statement that best characterizes Howard Gardner's view of intelligence is  “There are multiple independent intelligences, and each must be defined within the context of a particular culture.”

The correct answer is "The sample sizes are often small". Socialization is not only important because it helps uphold societies and cultures, but also because it is a key part of individual development. Sociology is more interested in the way that society's influence affects our behavior patterns.

Sociologists must be careful with conclusions drawn from twin studies due to potential differences in upbringing between twins, possible misclassification of twins as identical when they are fraternal, and typically small sample sizes that limit the generalizability of results.

Sociologists must exercise caution when drawing conclusions from twin studies due to several reasons. Firstly, the assumption that identical twins being raised in the same household are influenced equally by their environment may be flawed if they are in fact socialized differently. Twins being raised in different ways can significantly impact their development and the study's findings. Secondly, there can be instances where twins thought to be identical are, in reality, fraternal, which means they do not share the same genetic makeup completely. Such misclassification can lead to incorrect inferences about genetic and environmental influences. Lastly, the sample sizes for twin studies are often small, which can limit the generalizability of the study results to the broader population. It's crucial to consider these factors to avoid overestimating the role of genetics or the environment in shaping individual traits and behaviors.

If we divide social movements according to their positions among all social movements in a society, we are using the resource mobilization theory to understand social movements.

Answer:

give the work back to the people

Explanation:

Giving the work back to the people tend to be considered as a high risk but high reward approach from the management's perspective.

If this style work, the managers will have a much easier time since they can completely trust the workers to make decisions without relying too much of them. But, if this style does not work, it will be really hard for the managers to connect the accountability when something goes wrong.

Final answer:

The primary adaptive leadership behavior being exhibited by the team leader in this scenario is Supporting. By acknowledging the team's understanding of the problem and encouraging them to persist in finding solutions, the leader provides moral support and reinforces the team's collective efficacy.

Explanation:

In adaptive leadership, the leader engages with the team by employing various behaviors suitable for the situation. In this case, the leader uses a supportive approach, which involves acknowledging the work that the team has already accomplished and offering encouragement to continue their efforts. This behavior fosters a positive team environment, enhances motivation, and boosts confidence, assuring team members that they have the capability to overcome the challenges ahead. It is an essential aspect of leadership to not only guide teams through technical problems but also to support them emotionally and motivate them, especially when facing difficult issues. Such behavior helps the team to focus on the problem-solving process, potentially leading to innovative solutions and a stronger, more cohesive team.

Answer:

The sick person can take as long as she wants to get better.( third choice)

Answer:

The sick person can take as long as she wants to get better.

Explanation:

      " Its not my fault you lost! You don't even try to run! " I say walking away from Brian " Seriously! I hate that guy. I trained him so good and he blames me for his defeat!?" Later that day Brian stopped Mia from leaving. "Let me go" Not until I win. "If I say no, he will kill me. I should just say yes. " Fine, yes"

      I ran faster than the winner of the race! I, out of breath managed to reach the teacher and tell my problem to her. She said to make him watch footages of the race. So I did and the next race came. "Brian, remember what Sasha did."

     He ran and ran it was a close but he lost, angered he came to me and pushed but, it was Sasha who made Brian understand that he wasn't a winner if he did this to me. You know this story above is just a memory. It was written by Mia who is know a book writer. Sasha,Mia and I are now friends.

Answer:

push down curriculum

Explanation:

Over the past few decades, observers say, preschool classes and kindergartens have begun to look more like traditional 1st grade classes: young children are expected to sit quietly while they listen to whole-class instruction or fill in worksheets. Concurrently, teachers have been expecting their pupils to know more and more when they first enter their classrooms.

Experts cite many reasons for this trend. The urge to catch up with the Russians after the launching of Sputnik led to “young children doing oodles of sit-still, pencil-and-paper work”—a type of schoolwork inappropriate for 5- to 7-year-olds, says Jim Uphoff, a professor of education at Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio. (Today, the urge to compete with Japan yields the same result, experts say.) Another cause of the pushed-down curriculum is the widespread—yet incorrect—notion that one can teach children anything, at any age, if the content is presented in the right way, says David Elkind, a professor of child study at Tufts University.

Answer:

Early Intervention.

Explanation:

Im not sure if it is what you are looking for, but I hope it helps.

Answer:

C. Modeling

Explanation:

Modeling refers to a learned behavior that is created by imitating the person that we typically held to a high standard (such as parents or idols).

Alec's behavior is most likely formed after he observed Julie's behavior when being in conflict with other person. He later absorb that information that embodied it, resulted in similar actions when he got in conflict with his friends.

The correct answer is C. Children begin to consider what society considers moral and immoral.

Explanation:

Lawrence Kohlberg was an American psychologist born in 1927 mainly known for his theory related to the development of moral according to different stages. In this way, Kohlberg proposed three phases that are the pre-conventional phase, the conventional phase and the post-conventional.

In the pre-conventional individuals and especially children consider direct consequences to develop moral including punishment and self-interest; in the conventional phase social norms or conventions or incorrect/correct or moral/immoral are considered by children, teenagers or adults to take a position and developed morality and finally in the post-conventional phase individual follow their own perspective and establishes the difference between moral and immoral by himself rather than by society.

Considering this, the one that would occur in the conventional level according to Lawrence Kohlberg is "Children begin to consider what society considers moral and immoral" because this phase deals with the parameters, norms or conventions established by the society regarding morality.

In the conventional level of Kohlberg's theory of moral development, children internalize societal norms and base their moral decisions on what is considered right by society, seeking approval from others and to maintain societal order.

During this stage, moral reasoning is based on the expectations of society and the desire to uphold laws and rules for social approval or to maintain societal order. Specifically, in the conventional level, adolescents view morality through the lens of maintaining good relationships and societal order, hence they begin to consider what society deems as moral and immoral. Kohlberg's conventional level includes two stages:

Stage three where individuals seek to live up to the expectations set by others.

Stage four which focuses on upholding laws and social rules to maintain community and societal structure.

The response to the posed question would be that in Kohlberg's conventional level, children begin to consider what society considers moral and immoral. In this level, societal norms are internalized and become a primary guide for determining moral behavior.

The correct answer is A. Rates of violent and nonviolent crimes are decreasing.

Explanation:

All around the world, crimes are understood as actions or behaviors that go against the law and because of this, they are punished by the stator or authorities. Additionally, crimes are often classified in violent crimes such as homicide or assault and non-violent crime such as burglary and crimes rate vary in each context and because of this, crimes tend to be studied in particular zones or countries. In the case of the U.S. studies have shown important changes in crime trends as crime statistics rise during 1960 and 1970, but after this time crime rates have mainly decreased due to an increase in police officers, rising income, laws that attack crimes and other changes in society that allowed crime to decreased by the end of the 20th century and continue decreasing over years including both violent and nonviolent crimes. Therefore, the statement that describes crime trends in the United States in rates of violent and nonviolent crimes are decreasing.

Answer:

The correct answer is; Rates of violent and nonviolent crimes are decreasing.

Explanation:

Crimes refer to any certain act or omission that is committed in violation of the law. In the united states, records about crime has been taken since colonization. According to records, rates of violent and nonviolent crimes are decreasing. There was an increase in crime rate between the 1970s and early 1990s. After then, crime has reduced significantly in the United States, and current crime rates are almost the same as those of the 1960s.

Answer:

Heuristic thinking is the tendency, which is at times quite useful, of relying on highly efficient and generally reliable "Heuristics" Cognitive shortcuts when reaching a decision experts to provide reliable guidance arguments to demonstrate which option is superior sets of written rules to describe the correct approach.

Answer: the correct answer is the growing tendency of Southern slaveholders to use the paternal ethos to justify slavery.

Explanation: James Hammond was a well known pro slavery politician who once said: " In all social systems there must be a class to do the menial duties, to perform the drudgery of life. ... It constitutes the very mudsill of society." He went on to utter the oft-repeated words, "You dare not make war on cotton — no power on earth dares make war upon it. Cotton is king."" For him it was ethical to have a class to do the menial chores as he said.

Hammond's ideas are closely associated with the use of paternalism by Southern slaveholders to justify the institution of slavery.

The ideas of Hammond epitomize the growing tendency of Southern slaveholders to use the paternal ethos to justify slavery. As abolitionists intensified their efforts, including the use of moral arguments, revealing the experiences of individuals like Frederick Douglass, and seeking international support to pressure the US to abolish slavery, Southern defenders of slavery dug in their heels. They increased their reliance on paternalistic arguments, asserting that enslaved people required their care and guidance, similar to that a parent provides to a child. This paternalistic justification sought to rationalize and perpetuate the practice of slavery under the guise of a benevolent and morally responsible system.

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Answer:

The correct answer is A

Explanation:

The term 'graying of the United States' refers to the fact that the U.S. population is getting older and consisting of more elderly citizens than ever before.

People aged 50 and over comprise 24% of the U.S. population today and the number is growing. There are not enough babies being born to reverse the situation, more elderly people means less young people working and paying taxes.

The government sponsored health programs will suffer in the long term as there won't be enough money coming in to cater for all the retired people.

The "graying of the United States" refers to the increasing proportion of individuals aged 65 and older in the population, which impacts social institutions, healthcare demand, and economic policies.

The "graying of the United States" refers to the increasing percentage of the population over sixty-five years old. This demographic change is largely due to an increased life expectancy and the aging of the Baby Boomer generation. As a result, the United States and many other nations are experiencing shifts in social institutions, an increased demand for elder care, and the reshaping of economic policies to accommodate this growing segment of the population. The grayscale demographic shift has significant impacts on various sectors, including healthcare, housing, labor markets, and government programs such as Social Security and Medicare.

Aging is not just a U.S. phenomenon; it is a global issue where different countries are affected differently based on their resources and readiness to handle an elderly population. The disparities in life expectancy between core and peripheral nations highlight these challenges, and worldwide, the population of individuals over the age of 65 is projected to double by 2050, according to the United Nations.

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Answer:

D: mores

Explanation:

 The existence of social norms inform mores which are traditional customs and ways of behavior that are typical of a particular society. They are social norms for behavior and appearance, that are influenced by religion, and society's ethics and values : what kind of clothes, publici alchool consumption, to be honest, to be kind to animals, etc.

Social norms inform social control, a means for encouraging conformity to societal rules. Sanctions, which are rewards or punishments, are used to reinforce these norms and are essential for maintaining order within a society.

The existence of social norms, both formal and informal, is one of the main things that inform social control, otherwise known as a way to encourage social conformity. Societies use rewards, sanctions, and punishments to strive to put their values into action and maintain order. When people conform to societal norms and values, they often anticipate positive sanctions, such as praise or rewards, thereby encouraging conformity.

Conversely, negative sanctions, which could range from social disapproval to legal punishment, discourage behaviors that violate societal norms. Therefore, sanctions are vital tools for enforcing social norms and ensuring that individuals adhere to the shared values of their community.

The correct answer is: "separate but equal"

The "separate but equal" doctrine governed the proliferation of segregated public schools and other facilities under the belief that, if facilities were equal in quality, such system was not violating the equality of rights provision that had been guaranteed for all US citizens by the Reconstruction Amendments to the US Constitution.   

The separate but equal principle was adopted after the decision enacted by the US Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson case  in 1896.

The 'Separate but equal' doctrine justified legal segregation in the South. It was upheld as constitutional by the Supreme Court in the 1896 case Plessy v. Ferguson but overruled by the Supreme Court in 1954.

The doctrine that justified legal segregation in the South was the Separate but equal doctrine, which was a legal doctrine in United States constitutional law that justified systems of segregation. These were upheld as constitutional by the Supreme Court in the 1896 case Plessy v. Ferguson. This doctrine stated that as long as the separate facilities for the separate races were equal, segregation did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment ('equal protection of the laws'). This justification stood for about 60 years until it was finally overruled by the Supreme Court in the case of Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.

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Answer:

Giving names to teams and T-shirts to their members - D.

Answer:

C. Randomly assigning members to teams.

Explanation:

This is one way in which social loafing might be alleviated. Social loafing is a term that refers to a person exerting less effort to achieve a goal when he is part of a group than when he is working alone. The existence of social loafing means that teams are often less efficient when completing a job than individuals. A way to diminish this effect is by randomly assigning members to teams, as people are more likely to contribute fairly if they are collaborating with people they do not know very well.

Answer:

Sheriff

Explanation:

A sheriff is the chief law-enforcement officer in a county in the United States. He is responsible for keeping order in his county and to guarantee its citizens are protected and safe. A sheriff is usually chosen in an election, he is accountable directly to the state's constitution and  ultimately to the United States Constitution.

In some states and counties, sheriffs are also chiefs of police and they manage the county's jails. A sheriff has a deputy who is a regular officer in the sheriff's office.

Of the 50 states in the USA, 48 have sheriffs, with the exception of Alaska and Connecticut.

The Sheriff is usually the chief law enforcement officer in county governments, responsible for maintaining peace and enforcing laws at the county level. Other county officials include the county clerk, the assessor, the treasurer, the coroner, and the engineer. Specific roles can vary from state to state.

The chief law enforcement officer in both county and city governments is usually the Sheriff. The Sheriff's department is responsible for maintaining peace and enforcing laws at the county level. They may also operate the local jail and perform duties such as patrolling and responding to emergency calls. However, their specific roles can vary from state to state depending on local laws and ordinances.

It's worth noting that the specific design of county governments can differ based on the system they have adopted - whether it's the commission system, the council-administrator system, or the council-elected executive system. These systems will affect how various tasks are divided among the county officials, which include, aside from the Sheriff, the county clerk, the assessor, the treasurer, the coroner, and the engineer.

Each of these officials contributes, in their own way, to the smooth running of county operations. But again, it's typically the Sheriff's department that bears the responsibility for law enforcement at this level of government.

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The correct answer is C. Reference groups

Explanation:

In sociology which is the field that studies society and social structures, human groups can be classified into different categories including primary/secondary groups, out/in groups and reference groups. In the case of reference groups, this includes classmates, co-workers and any other peer that mainly works as a reference for the individual in terms of standard of measurements. Indeed individuals in reference groups observe others and behave according to other people in order to fit. This can be seen in the case presented as a student is in a basketball team and she has not received an academic award her peers had, which makes the student measure herself in comparison to others that are a reference and in the same way other students mock at her because she does not fit in the group.

Final answer:

A high school student teased by her basketball team for receiving an academic award deals with competing reference groups, balancing the dynamics between her sports team in-group and the academic achievers out-group.

Explanation:

When a high school student is teased by her basketball team for receiving an academic award, she is dealing with competing reference groups. A reference group can serve as a standard for guiding and evaluating our behavior and attitudes. In this context, the student's basketball team represents one reference group, where the pressure to conform to group norms may come into conflict with her academic achievements, honored by another reference group, those who value academic success.

Primary groups and secondary groups can act as reference groups that provide a standard for guiding our own behavior and attitudes. Sports teams, like the basketball team in this scenario, are often considered in-groups for their members, whereas academic achievers may be seen as an out-group. This division can lead to teasing or conflicts when the values or achievements of one group are viewed in opposition to the other.

Therefore, the student is challenged to navigate the dynamics between these competing reference groups, maintaining her identity and values in the face of peer pressure.

Seeing an african american and right away assuming that they are loud or they only listen to rap music is absurd! We would need to stop saying the first thing that pops up in our head and think before we speak. Also, think about how you would feel if someone stereotyped you based on how you look.

Stereotyping every Muslim citizen of Kashmir as a Pakistani is common in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.

Making prejudices towards a person or a topic without actually knowing the truth or having the experience of it is something which is known as stereotyping.

All the Muslim citizens in Kashmir (India) being prejudiced as Pakistanis can be stopped by providing them proper documents as an evidence of their nationality.

Hence, the significance of stereotyping is aforementioned.

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Answer:

functionalist

Explanation:

Functionalist theory in Sociology seeks to expain social phenomena by the function that institutions extert in society.

If a particular social change promotes equilibrium then it is seen as harmonic, while if it does the contrary it becomes not disfunctional.

Emilie Durkheim ideas were key for forming this school of thought, his purpose was mainly a moral concern on the issues that arose among the young generations where he perceived societies biggest changes.

Emilie Durkheim's work was very much concerned with how societies could maintain their integrity and coherence in the context of modernity, as traditional social and religious ties are no longer assumed, and in which new social institutions happen to form.

Among his main works are:

The Division of Labour in Society (1893)

The Rules of Sociological Method (1895)

On the Normality of Crime (1895)

Suicid.e.  (1897)

Final answer:

Émile Durkheim's ideas about society can best be characterized as functionalist. Durkheim emphasized the interdependence of social elements and the collective conscience as the unifying force, providing the groundwork for societal cohesion and stability.

Explanation:

Émile Durkheim's ideas about society can best be described as functionalist. As a functionalist, Durkheim's perspective emphasized the interconnectivity and interdependence of all elements within a society. This view considers social norms, values, and institutions as integral parts which maintain social order and contribute to a society's stability and functionality. He introduced the concept of collective conscience, referring to the shared beliefs and moral attitudes that operate as a unifying force within society. Durkheim believed that society transitions from mechanical to organic solidarity as it advances, and this is integral to understanding how societies maintain cohesion.

Contrary to the conflict theorist view, which focuses on social inequalities and the resulting tension and strifes, such as those proposed by Karl Marx, Durkheim's functionalism seeks to understand the social order and how societal elements work together. The key difference lies in how society is conceptualized, with functionalists viewing inequalities as reflecting varying levels of benefit to the group, whereas conflict theorists see them as sources of tension and struggles for power.

Answer:

relapse effect is the correct answer

The growth of the urban population will make it necessary to increase the number of residences and consequently increase the size of cities. This will cause stress on the global environment, leading to increased global warming, deforestation, increasing scarcity of water and natural resources, and declining farmland

All these factors will increasingly hamper the possibilities of tackling poverty and inequality, increasing the level of unemployment and consequently increasing crime and violence.

Final answer:

Over the next ten years, the growth in urban populations is expected to significantly affect various dimensions of the world, including environmental, social, and economic aspects. Key issues will encompass resource allocation, infrastructure development, environmental degradation, and an increased need for affordable housing. Transitioning to sustainable city planning and improving efficiency in resource use will be critical to managing these challenges effectively.

Explanation:

The rise in urban populations leads to the expansion of urban areas, often at the expense of natural habitats, causing environmental concerns such as loss of biodiversity and increased greenhouse gas emissions. Population concentration in cities tends to intensify energy consumption and waste production, necessitating innovations in sustainable living practices. Socially, burgeoning urbanization places pressure on housing, healthcare, education, and transportation systems. Economically, while urbanization can drive growth by consolidating labor and resources, it can also exacerbate wealth inequality and increase living costs. In terms of infrastructure, cities will need to invest in resilient and adaptive structures to accommodate the growing populace.

To understand city growth and its implications, one must consider population growth, which is typically exponential due to higher birth rates and lower mortality rates influenced by technological and medical advancements. Expansion of the human population's carrying capacity, through agriculture and urbanization, has facilitated this growth. Consequently, the age structure of populations and their economic development levels are also crucial factors influencing urban landscapes. The long-term implications of unchecked population growth could be dire, with potential resource scarcity and environmental crises. Therefore, sustainable development goals are paramount to mitigate such outcomes and steer urban expansion towards a more manageable future.