Answer:
Content Analysis
A click and a scent are separately paired with a shock, and each conditioned to the maximum associative value. The click and scent are then combined into a compound stimulus and subjected to further pairings with the shock. This is obviously an experiment on the ____ effect.
Answer:
overexpectation
Explanation:
Overexpectation effect: In psychology, the term "overexpectation effect" is defined as the phenomenon that tends to occur when a researcher finds the declination of response to a very well established CS or conditioned stimulus that have been encountered with further reinforcement training with respect to each other. The overexpectation effect has been widely studied by a psychologist named Ivan Pavlov who is responsible for setting up the pattern for studying and then explaining the response loss.
In reference to the question, the given statement represents the overexpectation effect.
Compared with those who perceive an internal locus of control, individuals with an external locus of control are _____ likely to feel depressed and _____ able to delay gratification.
Answer:
more, not
Explanation:
An individual with internal locus of control generally believes that the success or failures they achieve are the result of their own action and is controlled by their own thoughts and factors. While persons with external locus of control focuses on the external factors and they believe the results of their actions are control by external factors such as luck, bias, fate, etc.
Such people feel depressed more often and they are less likely to delay satisfaction or gratitude.
Goran secured three bids for a project at work. He was about to award the job to the lowest bidder when his boss demanded he award the job to the highest bidder—a friend of hers from college. Goran feels torn between his strong sense of fairness and his boss' demand. He is experiencing __________.
Answer:
Cognitive dissonance
Explanation:
In psychology, the term cognitive dissonance refers to the stress that a person experiences when he/she faces contradictory beliefs, ideas or values or when he/she has to act in a way that is contrary to these beliefs, ideas or values.
In this example Goran was about to award the job to the lowest bidder but then his boss demanded he awards the job to a friend of hers from college (the highest bidder). Thus, he feels torn between his sense of fairness and his boss' demand. We can see that Goran is facing contradictory values and he is being asked to act in a way that is contrary to his sense of fairness. Therefore, he is experiencing Cognitive dissonance.
Goran is experiencing role conflict between his sense of fairness and his boss' demand to award the job to a friend.
Explanation:Goran is experiencing role conflict.
Role conflict occurs when a person has to deal with competing demands on two or more roles that they are expected to play. In this case, Goran is torn between his strong sense of fairness and his boss' demand to award the job to the highest bidder, who is a friend of hers from college. Goran's role as a fair and just employee conflicts with his boss' demand to prioritize his friend.
This situation raises ethical concerns and highlights the challenges individuals face when navigating their professional responsibilities and personal relationships.
Jenny is a 15-year-old who is being seen today in the clinic accompanied by her mother. The mother states, "She ignores what we tell her and looks to her friends for answers and support. What should we do?" After talking with Jenny’s mother, which statement by her mother indicates understanding of the basis for Jenny’s behavior?
Answer:
Explanation:
Adolescents her age all do this and it will get better with time. At this particular time of Jenny's life kids are normally at loggerheads with their parents and tend to have a new social life, which are her friends , they tend to have the final say in her life . This is very common with teenagers , they are normally rebellious and believe they know more than their parents. It is usually a phase and must be handled with caution because some problems can have serious consequences.
Nathan was a young man receiving an education during the colonial period. Because the emphasis in his family was business, he was enrolled in private schools that helped prepare him for the world of commerce. His friend Jonathan was attending a night school that would teach him navigation, since one day he hoped to operate his own trading ship. Based on the description above, Nathan and Jonathan most likely attended school in the ________
Answer:
Middle colonies
Explanation:
Middle colony type of education
In those days i an education was mainly because you were rich. It was important to have an education but you could only have one if you were rich. Boys were like apprentices and would live in the homes of others to learn and trade. They would learn necessities for living and would work for free until they could own their own shop. Some girls went to school but others learned from their mothers to cook, clean, and sew. When a Pennsylvania law was passed requiring that all children to be taught to read and write and to be trained in a useful trade. Local religious groups ran the schools in the middle colonies. Boys learned skill and trade, and possibly classical languages, history and literature, math, and natural science. Girls were tutored at home in a variety of household and social skills. In most colonies the church was the school and town hall. Teaching children was very important to the colonist. Children went to school in a one-room schoolhouse. They learned to read and write. The students learned by memorizing their lessons and what the teacher said. Some children did not have schools to go to were taught by thier parentsand they would use the Bible to teach their children how to read and write. Some wealthy families were able to send their boys to private schools or hire tutors. A few of these boys were able to go to college.
Lauren has been chosen to introduce the guest speaker to her economics class. She is worried about how she will look and sound to her classmates, her palms are sweaty, and she can feel her heart beating. She is terrified that she will be negatively judged or scrutinized by those in her class. This is best described as ____."
Answer: Social anxiety
Explanation:
Social anxiety is the scenario where an individual is afraid of addressing an audience based on how they would be viewed. This was Lauren fears and thought.
Which hellenistic philosophy was most strongly influenced by aristotle's emphasis on empirical knowledge?
Answer:
skepticism
Explanation:
The ________ in most states may prosecute any violations of the state law which a superior or district court has jurisdiction when he or she is of the opinion that the law is not being adequately enforced in any county.
Answer:
Attorney General
The Attorney General, in most states may prosecute any violations of the state law which a superior or district court has jurisdiction when he or she is of the opinion that the law is not being adequately enforced in any county.
What is Attorney's general?The term Attorney's general refers to the main legal advisor to the government was the share the thoughts and the information of the higher level of the authority. There was the top into the legal advisor are the represent the legislation and the top authority.
Attorneys general were the highest-ranking legal officers in their state or territory. There was a state legislation where the district court had jurisdiction, and the violations were based on the conclusion that the law was not being sufficiently implemented throughout the country. Based on the higher level of authority, the attorney general was appointed.
As a result, the Attorney General, was the states may prosecute any violations.
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In one study described in the text, a group of participants recorded their feelings of gratitude in a diary each day (Emmons & McCullough, 2003). As compared to participants who did not count their blessings, the members of the diary group were:
Answer:
Not only happier, but also more likely to help or support others.
Explanation:
A five-year-old girl observes a stranger in a store pretending to discipline a stuffed dog. When the stranger moves on to the next aisle, the girl picks up another stuffed animal and does the same thing. Her behavior is similar to findings in studies conducted by
Answer:
Albert Bandura
Explanation:
Albert Bandura was a social psychologist. He was an observer. He proposed a theory named learning theory. According to this theory, Albert Bandura experiments on social learning theory. He believed that learning occurs through imitation, role model and modeling. He was a famous psychologist.
The famous experiment was conducted named the Bobo doll experiment. Through this process Bandura observe that children who were exposed to violent cartoons have shown their anger on the Bobo doll.
The children who were exposed to a non-violent cartoon shows have shown violent behavior for the Bobo doll. According to this theory, Bandura explains that children learn through imitation, role modeling, and observation of their elders.
Answer:
Albert Bandura
Explanation:
Suppose that when you hear a new acquaintance's name, Chris Money, you think about the meaning of the name Money, including both coins and dollar bills, and the importance of money in our culture. The kind of processing you would be using is called:________
a. serial processing.
b. automatic processing.
c. sensory memory.
d. elaboration.
Answer:
d. elaboration.
Explanation:
Suppose that when you hear a new acquaintance's name, Chris Money, you think about the meaning of the name Money, including both coins and dollar bills, and the importance of money in our culture. The kind of processing you would be using is called elaboration.
Elaboration in memory processing is the process of linking new information or stimulus to previously existing stimulus at the time of encoding. This helps the new information to be easily stored in the memory. Linking the name Chris Money to coins and dollars is called elaboration and it will help in the storage and retrieval of that information.
Answer: Elaboration
Explanation: Elaboration in the context above is the process of making series of visual, semantic or acoustic connections or linkage to a particular word, event or occurrence. Elaboration is the technique used in elaborative encoding used in storing information in long term memory by making connection or attachment between that word and a previously existing knowledge in memory. Such that when a word is heard, and all possible meaning of the word, object or statement is brought into view or memory, such process is called elaboration.
Experimental participants were primed for a high-performance goal designed to motivate them to perform well on a puzzle-solving task. The experimental participants, however, were not aware of this priming procedure. Control participants were not primed. The results of the puzzle task showed that compared to control participants, experimental participants ________.
Answer:
performed better even when not aware of the priming procedure
Explanation:
There are two main division of group in experiment i.e. control and experiment group
The control group consists of those participants that are given standard treatment and the experimental group consists of those participants that are given the experimental treatment.
The participant for the control group is selected randomly.
After an alarming event, your temperature, blood pressure, and respiration are high, and you have an outpouring of hormones. Hans Selye would most likely guess that you are in which general adaptation syndrome phase?
A. Exhaustion.
B. Resistance.
C. Immobilization.
D. Collapse.
E. Shock.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Resistance
General adaptation syndrome is a three-stage response that the body has to stress.
The three stages are:
alarm reaction
resistance
exhaustion
What happens within the body during each of these stages is explored below.
Alarm reaction stage
Glucocorticoids is triggered to adrenaline and cortisol, which is a stress hormone. The adrenaline gives a person a boost of energy. Their heart rate increases and their blood pressure rises. Meanwhile, blood sugar levels also go up.
The alarm reaction stage of the GAS prepares a person to respond to the stressor they are experiencing. This is often known as a "fight or flight" response.
Resistance
During the resistance stage, the body tries to counteract the physiological changes that happened during the alarm reaction stage.
The body tries to return to normal by reducing the amount of cortisol produced. The heart rate and blood pressure begin to return to normal.
If the stressful situation comes to an end, during the resistance stage, the body will then return to normal.
However, if the stressor remains, the body will stay in a state of alert, and stress hormones continue to be produced according to Hans Seiye.
This physical response can lead to a person struggling to concentrate and becoming irritable. This is the stage thd question is talking about.
Exhaustion stage
After a long period of stress, the body goes into the final stage known as the exhaustion stage. Once it reaches the exhaustion stage, a person's body is no longer able to fight stress. They may experience: tiredness, depression, anxietyfeeling
The person needs to find a way to manage it, if he does not find ways to manage stress levels at this stage, they are at risk of developing stress-related health conditions.
There is a small group of people who still think that the Earth is flat despite the fact that they are often otherwise normal members of modern society. They are exhibiting:_______
a. intuition.
b. belief perseverance.
c. confirmation bias.
d. the availability heuristic.
Answer:
b. belief perseverance.
Explanation:
Belief perseverance: The term belief perseverance has been widely used in psychology and is defined as a phenomenon that describes an individual's propensity to carry-out his or her beliefs as entirely true even though he or she has been encountered the other information or evidence related to his or her beliefs.
At the time of encountering his or her belief to be wrong, then the person tends to misinterpret, discredit, and dismiss the information being provided.
In the question above, the given statement represents the belief perseverance.
Eduardo is stressed because he aspires to join the full-time faculty at a local university, but the university will only hire him as a temporary instructor because he does not have 5 years of teaching experience. In Eduardo's case, the source of stress is:_______________
a. conflict.
b. stress.
c. distress.
d. frustration.
e. anxiety.
Answer: Frustration
Explanation: Frustration could be explained as a condition of mental or psychological worry resulting being unable to achieve or attain a certain target or goal especially after the individual must have put in so much effort in other to make such accomplishment. Frustration may be related to annoyance, failure, anger, disappointment and other social or emotional factors which could impede an individual from reaching a certain target, goal or milestone. Frustration could manifest in an individual in the form of emotional or psychological stress or weakness or physically by weeping or feeling uneasy.
If you see a woman enter your classroom on the first day of class that is wearing a suit, carrying a briefcase, and is over 40 years old, you might quickly (and possibly erroneously) decide that she is the professor because she fits your prototype of a professor. If so, you've used the mental shortcut known as the _____.
Answer:
The representativeness heuristic.
Explanation:
As shown in the example given, the representativeness heuristic is a process in which an individual compares the similarity of certain objects and organizes them according their category, similitudes, etc. In this case, being a student in a classroom, one would expect that if a person has a certain outfit and age to be a teacher, and enters the classroom, the faster assumption would be to think of her as a teacher.
Answer:
A representativeness heuristic
Explanation:
A representativeness heuristic is a cognitive bias in which an individual categorizes a situation based on a pattern of previous experiences or beliefs about the scenario. It can be useful when trying to make a quick decision but it can also be limiting because it leads to close-mindedness such as in stereotypes. The question is a typical example of a cognitive bias based on the scenario, she fits the prototype of a professor an assumption is taken immediately.
What type of sentence states, summarizes, or forecasts the main point of the paragraph? a transitional sentence a body sentence a topic sentence a coherence sentence
Answer: A topic sentence
Explanation:
A topic sentence is a type of sentence that gives summary to the main concept contained in a paragraph. It is most times the first sentence that starts a paragraph. A topic sentence is also called Focus sentence.
It must be noted that not all paragraph starts with a topic sentence.
Writing a good topic sentence involves.
a. Identifying and stating the main idea in an understandable manner.
b. It must be short and captivating.
c. Opinions must be reasonably presented.
Empress Wu took control of China after her husband, Emperor Taizong, died. She became known as a ruthless ruler of what dynasty?
Answer:
Tang Dynasty.
Explanation:
Empress Wu was the only female ruler to rule in Chinese history. Her full name was Wu Zetian. She ruled the Tang Dynasty in the seventh century AD. She was considered the ruthless and decisive ruler of China. She was a beautiful young girl who became the concubine of Emperor Taizong at the age of 14.
Taizong had a son named Li Zhi, who was attracted to Wu. After the death of Taizong, Li came into power taking the name of Gaozong. Wu, through the means of corruption, became the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, with the purpose to end the Dynasty and establish the Zhou Dynasty; in which she failed.
What concept is defined as an organized collection of individuals and institutions, bounded by space in a coherent territory, subject to the same political authority, and organized through a shared set of cultural expectations and values
Answer:
Society.
Explanation:
Speaking is sociological terms society means a group of people living in a definable environment, and having the same culture. It comprises institutions and peoples who shared collective beliefs, traditions, values and cultural ideas within a confined boundaries. Different sociologist differ in describing societies which have evolved from the primitive hunting-gathering stage to the industrial stage.
In the context of debates over the origins of knowledge, Rene Descartes is to John Locke as ________ is to _______.
Answer:
Nature is to Nurture
Explanation:
Nature refers to all of the genes and hereditary factors that influence who we are from our physical appearance to our personality characteristics While
Nurture refers to all the environmental variables that impact who we are, including our early childhood experiences, how we were raised, our social relationships, and our surrounding culture.
Which of the following is a sample in which each member of the population has some known chance of being included? A. Probability sample B. Representativeness C. Nonprobability sample D. Convenience sample E. Reliability
Answer:
A. Probability sample
Explanation:
A Probability Sampling may be defined as the sampling technique where a sample from the larger population are taken or selected using the method which is based on the theory of probability.
In a probability sample, the probability or the chance of each of the element to be included in the sample is non zero and known. A cluster sample is an example of a probability sample.
Hence the correct option is (A).
Common "people problems" in groups can begin in the formation of the group. Benjamin declares to his fellow group members that "if you are going to be so nosey, I am not staying in this group!". This potentially destructive behavior is an example of a .
a. monopolizer
b. manipulator
c. resister
d. quitter
Answer:
b. manipulator
Cesare Beccaria, in the 1700s, was one of the first scholars to develop a systematic understanding of why people commit crime. Beccaria helped to form the core of what today is referred to as ______________ criminology.
The correct answer is classical
Cesare Beccaria was the precursor of the classical school, he advocated that criminal conduct is based on a purely rational choice of the individual, who comparatively analyzes the benefits and risks inherent in the criminal act, opting for the crime if it is more advantageous to him.
what is the Constitutional principle that the law making, executive, and judicial powers be held by different groups and people.
Answer: Separation of powers.
Explanation: The constitutional principle of separation of power recognized the division of governmental powers into three branches. The legislative, executive and judicial powers. This principle is a representation of governmental power in which the government is divided into three branches, each is saddled with independent , separate responsibilities so that powers of one branch are not in conflict with those of the other branches. It is also known as the trias politica model. Therefore, the principle of separation of power refers to the division of responsibilities into distinct branches of government by limiting any one branch from exercising the core functions of another.
Answer: Separation thee Powers!!!
Explanation:
Separation of powers is a doctrine of constitutional law under which the three branches of government (executive, legislative, and judicial) are kept separate. This is also known as the system of checks and balances, because each branch is given certain powers so as to check and balance the other branches.
Kayla, who has excellent writing and interpersonal skills, has been offered a job as an assistant editor for a publishing company, but also has a job offer as an assistant publicist for a communications firm. She's having difficulty deciding which job to take. This conflict is called a(n)____________.
Answer:
"Approach-approach" conflict.
Explanation:
"Approach-approach" conflict is a kind of conflict in which an individual presented two desirable but incompatible options or goals, is left to make a choice between them. Such conflict can easily be resolved when the individual move towards accepting one of the goals based on several personal factors, or after weighing the options on a scale of importance or preference.
Kayla difficulty in deciding between the two appealing jobs is called the "approach-approach" conflict.
Answer:
"Approach-approach" conflict.
Explanation:
In fighting the Revolutionary War, the Americans on their own could not match what British advantage?
Erikson believed that everyone enters the autonomy versus shame and doubt state at what time in our lives?
Answer:
At the end of infancy, around 18months to 3 years of age
Explanation:
Building of Sigmund Freud's psychosexual theory Eric Erikson proposed 8 stages of psychosocial development in humans. These stages are;
1. Trust vs mistrust: at birth to 12 months of age,
2. Autonomy vs shame/doubt: ages 1-3 years
3. Initiative vs guilt: ages 3-6 years
4. Industry vs inferiority: 6-12 years of age
5. Identity vs role confusion: 12-18 years of age
6. Intimacy vs isolation: ages 20 through early 40s
7. Generativity vs stagnation: 40s to mid 60s
8. Integrity vs despair: mid 60s to the end of life.
Everyone enters the autonomy versus shame and doubt stage at around 1/1.5 to 3 years of age.
To find out whether people's attitudes regarding an issue vary with their ages, Karen distributes the same survey to groups of people in their 20s, 30s, 40s, and 50s. What kind of research is Karen conducting?
Answer:
Cross-sectional
Explanation:
Cross-sectional research: In psychological research, the term cross-sectional research is defined as one of the research methods in which the researcher or the experimenter uses different or distinct groups of participants that differ in the interest (variable) but share a few characteristics, for example, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and educational background, etc. It has been widely used in the field of developmental psychology by various researchers.
In the question above, Karen is conducting cross-sectional research.
Which of the following are true? a.Consequentialism concerns itself with the morality of the actions themselves. b.Utilitarianism judges actions by the morality of the actions and not by usefulness. c.Business ethics reflect elements of both formalism and consequentialism, but tend to focus more heavily on the former. d.None are true. e.All are true.
Answer:
Option E
Explanation:
All are true looking at the elaborate explanation of the options below
1. For option A, consequential-ism talks about the morality of an action is judged based on the consequence of the actions carried out, i.e for you to judge an action, it is based on the consequence of the actions carried out, this makes option A correct.
2. For option B, Utilitarianism judges actions by morality, employing utilitarianism, you are commending that actions are judged based on the morality behind the actions not the usefulness of the actions. This define what utilitarianism defines.
3. For option C Business ethnic is a formal presentation of skill set that makes up the business idea. without good business ethics, you cant have the best idea to work out, thou it is consequential, because there is always going to be a result of every move, it could be good or bad but it focuses more on the ethnics applied into the business.
The school of psychology known as ________ used introspection to study the basic elements of mental experiences.
Answer:
Structuralism.
Explanation:
As the exercise briefly describes, Structuralism used introspection to study the basic elements of mental experiences. This school aims to understand and analyze from the simplest to the hardest mechanism and component of the mind. With the simplest gears they can begin to study and understand more complex parts of the human mind, employing introspection, experiences, emotions and feelings among other things.