Answer:
a. political uncertainty
Explanation:
Political uncertainty -
It refers to the class of economic risk , in which there is uncertainty in the future of any policy of the government , which increases the risk premia and the business , is referred to as political uncertainty.
It is also referred to as regime uncertainty.
Where it could be any uncertainty in the fiscal or any monetary policy.
Hence , from the scenario of the question,
The correct option is a. political uncertainty.
A difference between operations and projects is that operations end when their objectives have been reached, whereas projects do not. True False
Answer:
FALSE
Explanation:
It is False that the difference between operations and projects is that operations end when their objectives have been reached, whereas projects do not.
The reverse is true because projects are time-bound and they come to an end when their objectives have been achieved, but company operations are expected to continue as a going concern.
A project is an activity to meet the creation of a unique product or service, an thereafter terminates while operations are day to day routine activities that are expected to continue
Hilton Hotels has diversified its lodging brands by adding Curio Collection, Tapestry Collection, and Canopy by Hilton, properties that offer stylish, distinctive decors and personalized services that appeal to young professionals seeking distinctive lodging alternatives. Managers can enhance the differentiation of these new brands based on all of these value drivers except
A. pursuing continuous quality improvement.
B. striving for innovation and technological advances.
C. striving to create superior product features, design, and performance.
D. seeking out low-quality inputs.
E. increasing the intensity of marketing, brand building, and sales activities.
Answer:
The correct answer is D
Explanation:
Diversified is the term which is described as diverse or the varied. The hotels wants to have the different or varied brands so that the properties offer the personalized services, stylish and distinctive decors, which attract the professionals seeking the different alternatives.
So, in order to enhance the differentiation of the brands, the hotel should seek out or reach out the inputs which are of low quality.
Hilton can enhance brand differentiation except by seeking out low-quality inputs. Quality improvements, innovation, superior features, and increased marketing are beneficial, while low-quality inputs conflict with the differentiation strategy.
Explanation:Managers can enhance the differentiation of new Hilton Hotel brands such as Curio Collection, Tapestry Collection, and Canopy by Hilton by implementing several value drivers, except for seeking out low-quality inputs. Strategies like pursuing continuous quality improvement, striving for innovation and technological advances, and creating superior product features, design, and performance are effective in differentiating these brands and appealing to target customers like young professionals. Intensifying marketing, brand building, and sales activities are also crucial. However, seeking out low-quality inputs can be detrimental as it conflicts with the goal of providing differentiated and high-quality services that these brands are known for.
These concepts align with Michael Porter’s differentiation strategy where a firm seeks to offer unique attributes valued by customers. On the spectrum of differentiation, quality and variety play pivotal roles in distinguishing products and services in competitive markets. Differentiation can be achieved through vertical dimensions such as quality, where there is a general consensus on superiority, or horizontal dimensions like variety, which depend on personal preferences and do not necessarily imply better quality. Porter cautions against combining cost leadership and differentiation strategies, suggesting that striving for both could leave a firm 'stuck in the middle' with no clear competitive advantage.
Which sequence describes the long-run adjustment process in a competitive market when firms are experiencing short-run economic losses?
a. some firms exit, industry supply decreases, market price falls.b. some firms exit, industry supply decreases, market price rises.c. market price rises, some firms exit, industry demand decreases, market price falls.d. market price falls, some firms exit, industry supply falls.
Answer:
b. some firms exit, industry supply decreases, market price rises.
Explanation:
A perfect competitive industry is characterised by many buyers and sellers of homogenous goods and services. There are no barriers to entry or exit of firms.
If firms are making economic loss is the short run, in the long run, firms leave the industry. This leads to a fall in supply and prices rise as a result. In the long run, firms in a competitive industry earn zero economic profit.
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Electronic surveillance may have only limited value in the investigation of employee frauds and many other white-collar crimes. Why?
Answer:
Concerns regarding employees' privacy in the work place. However, it is also useful in kickback types of schemes where law enforcement is involved. Also organizations have made strict control over electronic surveillance. However, organizations claim the electronic data as their own property and can be use to tap suspicious activities.
With respect to the types of information systems used in organizations, financial, operations, and human resource management is an example of a(n) ________ system.
Answer:
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
Explanation:
ERP is a "business process management(BPM) software" that allows an organization to
use a "system of integrated applications" to handle the business Provide automation to back office operations pertaining to a) technology b) services c) human resources.a "centralized system" that integrates many functionConnect applications related to procurement, sales, HR, planning, finance or analytics, customer relations or any connected application functions.
keep track of "day-to-day business transactions"Some banks offer special accounts designed to attract junior high school students. These kids save in such small amounts that the accounts cost banks more to maintain than they are worth; however, bankers know that consumers are creatures of habit and hope that the young people they serve now will become adult customers. These banks recognize ___________.A. that operational excellence is an important macro strategy.B. the lifetime value of customers.C. that product excellence leads to loyal customers.D. the importance of making decisions based on short-term results.E. that as long as customers bring in some revenue, costs do not matter.
Answer: The lifetime value of customers.
Explanation:
The banks are building a business relationship with the young high school students, based on the overall lifetime customer value they predict to obtain from each student. The life time customer value is the financial benefits a business gains from a customer, as a result of the relationship they share overtime.
Successive waves of globalization include characteristics such as the expansion of trade, the diffusion of technology, extensive migration, and _____.a. improvements in country infrastructureb. increased employee moralec. improved healthcared. financial independencee. cross-fertilization of diverse cultures
Answer:
E) cross-fertilization of diverse cultures
Explanation:
Cross-fertilization of diverse cultures refers to several cultures mixing together and the result of that mix is that the best qualities or characteristics of each culture are absorbed by the other cultures.
This is a similar concept to the melting pot theory in the US, where diverse immigrants interacted together and they were able to get the best out of each other's culture.
The correct completion for the characteristics of globalization would be 'cross-fertilization of diverse cultures'. It reflects how globalization blends different cultural experiences through increased interaction and exchange.
Explanation:The question 'Successive waves of globalization include characteristics such as the expansion of trade, the diffusion of technology, extensive migration, and _____.' asks for an answer that completes the statement. The correct option that represents a characteristic of globalization is the cross-fertilization of diverse cultures.
Globalization not only entails the growth of international trade and the spread of technology but also includes the blending and exchange of different cultural experiences, ideas, and values as people and products move around the globe.
Technological globalization has been propelled by technological diffusion, which has led to greater communication and information sharing, hence fostering cross-cultural interactions.
Additionally, the improvement in transportation and the establishment of international agreements have made it easier for people from different cultural backgrounds to interact and merge their cultural practices, leading to greater cultural diversity and the cross-fertilization of cultures.
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What must a plaintiff show to succeed for employment discrimination on the basis of gender on a disparate-impact theory?
Answer:
In cases of disparate treatment brought under Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act or the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), complainants must claim that their employers viewed them less favorably because of the employee's membership in a protected class, such as race, gender or age.
On July 1, the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar CAD and the US dollar USD is 1 CAD for .80 USD. On August 1, the exchange rate is 1 CAD for 1 USD. Over this period of time, we would say that ___________.
Answer:
Canadian Dollar has appreciated whereas US Dollar has depreciated.
Explanation:
The July 1 exchange rate,
1 USD = 0.80 CAN $
This means to buy 1 USD, we need 0.80 CAN $. This further means, USD is stronger currency and CAN $ IS weaker.
On Aug 1, the exchange rate is 1 USD = 1 CAN$
This means, now to buy 1 CAN $, one is required to pay 1 USD i.e more USDs than before. This means over the period of one month, the CAN $ has appreciated whereas US Dollar has depreciated over the period.
If Trish wants to be the best she can be as a firefighter due to an internal desire to master the skill, she is demonstrating _____ motivation.
Answer:
Trish is demonstrating competence motivation.
Explanation:
Competence motivation is a type of motivation that arises from the need of an individual to master a task. Such an individual is usually involved in self development and uses creativity to overcome obstacles and solve problems.
Trish is therefore demonstrating competence motivation.
"The correct term to fill in the blank is ""intrinsic.""
Intrinsic motivation refers to behavior that is driven by internal rewards. In the context of Trish's desire to master the skill of firefighting, her motivation is intrinsic because it comes from within herself rather than from external pressures or rewards. She is motivated by her own passion for the job and the personal satisfaction she gains from mastering the skills required to be a firefighter. This contrasts with extrinsic motivation, which would involve external factors such as salary, benefits, or recognition from others as the primary drivers of her behavior. Trish's internal desire to excel in her role as a firefighter is a clear example of intrinsic motivation."
An owner of a stable of racehorses has been earning below-average returns for over 15 years. To a colleague, he expressed his determination to stay in horse racing until he died because "racing is in my blood." This individual is probably still racing horses because of: Select one: a. high barriers to exit. b. high switching costs. c. high fixed costs. d. low levels of competitive rivalry.
Answer:
a. high barriers to exit
Explanation:
Barriers to exit in economics are barriers in a firm's path that wants to leave a given market or industry sector. Such obstacles cost the firm to leave the market financially, and may prevent it from doing so altogether.
To differentiate themselves, many companies are moving to a new level in creating value for their customers. Going beyond products and services, they are developing and delivering customer ________.A) feedback
B) experiences
C) brands
D) product lines
E) events
Answer:
(B) experiences
Explanation:
Organizations now go beyond providing products and services to customers while trying to deliver value and differentiate themselves from competitors.
They interact with customers, with the intention to create impressions and deliver to them, pleasant customer experiences.
Fred Hash worked for Van Stavern Construction Co. as a field supervisor in charge of constructing a new plant facility. Hash entered into a contract with Sutton’s Steel & Supply, Inc., to provide steel to the construction site in several installments. Hash gave the name of B. D. Van Stavern, the president and owner of the construction firm, instead of the firm name as the party for whom he was acting. The contract and the subsequent invoices all had B. D. Van Stavern’s name on them. Several loads were delivered by Sutton. All of the invoices were signed by Van Stavern employees, and corporate checks were made out to Sutton. When Sutton Steel later sued Van Stavern personally for unpaid debts totaling $40,437, it claimed that Van Stavern had ratified the acts of his employee, Hash, by allowing payment on previous invoices. Although Van Stavern had had no knowledge of the unauthorized arrangement, had he legally ratified the agreement by his silence? Discuss.
Answer:
Ratification by Principal One of the criteria for enactment is that all material truths involved in the transaction must be known to the Principal. Van Stavern was not aware of Hash's behaviour.
He did not realize that somehow the steel is being shipped under his name, and that the shipments were being billed him directly. Unlike liability through obvious authority, approval by the principal is a positive act by which he or she acknowledges the agent's illegal actions.
Just a principal would ratify; thus, Van Stavern was not directly imputed to information by the invoices and checks signed by Van Stavern's workers.
The court stated that the use of corporate checks was further proof that Van Stavern regarded the expenditures as business, not private. So Van Stavern could not be held personally liable.
Remember that on Sutton Steel that's not excessively harsh. Sutton understood it was working with a building company and did not seek to get the personal approval of the contract from Van Stavern.
Lawfully, Sutton's agreement in this case is called an unaccepted offer which can be withdrawn at any time.
Estimates suggest that tens of thousands of people have died because the FDA withheld beta-blockers from the market while testing to determine whether the drugs were safe and effective. This is an example of:___________.
Answer:
Drug lag
Explanation:
Drug lag is considered to be a delay in the production of the drug for patients that are suffering from serious threat or disease.
it also referred to the lag time of the introduction of new drugs in the market. The market in the US, which once seen a drastic drag lag, has changed or improve because of improved regulatory policies.
The management function of __________ is being perfomed when a retail manager measures daily sales in the women’s apparel department and compares them with daily sales targets.
Answer:
controlling
Explanation:
Controlling can be described as the manager's main functions. To work out expected outcomes from the coworkers a boss must exert administrative control over the subordinates ' actions.
In other terms, the purpose of the role controlling can be interpreted as maintaining that an institution's operations are carried out as per the schedules. Controlling often means that the tools of an entity are used efficiently and effectively to accomplish set objectives.
It is a component that draws the management swing back to the feature of planning. Thus, the controlling feature acts as a mechanism to help to find out how actual performance deviates from standards and also finds the cause of deviations and attempts needed to take corrective actions based on the same thing.
Jennifer is trying to decide between a cup of coffee and a glass of orange juice. The coffee costs $1 and yields 10 units of additional utility. The juice costs $2 and yields 16 units of additional utility. If Jennifer follows the principle of rational choice, she will buy:______________.
Answer:
coffee since it gives her the most marginal utility per dollar
Explanation:
Cost of a cup of coffee = $1 and yield = 10 units of additional utility
Cost of a glass of juice = $2 and yield = 16 units of additional utility
In this case, the decision is based on the per dollar marginal utility.
Per dollar marginal utility for coffee:
= Marginal utility ÷ cost of coffee
= 10 ÷ $1
= 10
Per dollar marginal utility for juice:
= Marginal utility ÷ cost of juice
= 16 ÷ $2
= 8
Therefore, the above calculation states that if Jennifer follows the principle of rational choice then she will buy coffee because it will her the higher marginal utility per dollar.
One of the competitive dimensions that form the competitive position of a company when planning their strategies is making the best trade-off.
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Competitive priorities are those operational dimensions that are crucial in the value chain so that the company is competitive enough. To achieve a large market share, it is necessary to focus on the competitive capabilities that add value to the product or service offered by the company.
When we talk about competitive capabilities we are referring to those key strengths that have a great impact on what you offer, these are the following:
- Cost
- Quality
- Weather
- Flexibility
Each of these key points have competitive priorities or dimensions to which the company must choose the best one that fits according to their needs, taking into account the impact generated by each of them.
oy is taking out a car loan which she will pay back with interest. Which option will require her to pay the lowest amount in interest?
Answer:
Annual Compounding
Explanation:
Compounding Interest or Compound Interest is a means of calculating interest on a loan taken using both the interest accumulated from previous periods and the principal amount taken on the loan at the initial instance.
Compounding Interest's calculation involves the multiplication of the principal amount and the interest rate. The interest rate however unlike simple interest is raised to the number of periods involved in the compound minus one.
Interests can be compounded daily, weekly, monthly or semi-annually, annually or depending on your agreed period.
It is important to note that the lower the number of compounding periods then the lower the interest to be paid. For instance, a daily compounding pays more interest than a monthly one, monthly more than bi-annual and bi-annual more than annual. This is because the calculation takes into consideration all the periods involved and the higher the number of periods the higher the interest.
So an annual compounding will mean Joy will compound less often than daily, weekly or monthly and this will guarantee the payment of the lowest interest.
Pepsodent launched a new product that could whiten teeth, fight decay, and maintain fresh breath. Observing that Pepsodent did not focus on the dental sensitivity aspect, Colgate introduced a toothpaste which did all of the above and also protected sensitive teeth. This is an example of a(n) ________ attack. a. guerrilla b. flank c. frontal d. encirclement
Answer: Flank attack
Explanation:
Flank attack is a strategy in marketing that is adopted by a competing business to take advantage of an area their competitor is weak at or not paying attention to. It is a strategy used against leading business that are performing less than what is expected in certain segment.
The price of one country's currency in terms of another country's currency is known as the _____. A. money exchange B. currency fluctuation C. balance of payment D. dollar rate E. exchange rate
Answer:
E. exchange rate
Explanation:
The exchange rate, also known as foreign exchange, is the price of a country's currency in relation to currencies of other countries. The exchange rate value is expressed in relation to the value of another currency. The exchange rate value fluctuates depending on factors such as the prevailing economic condition in the country, and the demand and supply of the currency in foreign exchange markets.
The exchange rate is a critical factor in international trade. A strong currency symbolizes a healthy economy, but it also makes a country exports expensive. For such reason, governments analyses and manipulates the exchange rate to favor their economic objectives.
Investigator perceptions and interpretations of body language may not be admissible in court; therefore, they are basically worthless as evidence.
Answer:
TRUE
Explanation:
It is true that investigator perceptions and interpretations of body language may not be admissible in court; therefore, they are basically worthless as evidence. Although body language could be suspicious and indicative of 'lying' it does not constitute nor meet the definition of evidence.
For something to be an evidence to be admissible in court, then it must be relevant material value .
Furthermore, it has to be:
Real: This implies that it should be a tangible thing such as a weapon
Demonstrative: This implies that it should be a model of what has happened , with time and place being specific
Documentary: This implies that it should be a letter or other written or posted document.
Testimonial: This implies that it should be the testimony) of the witness
Owens Industries is trying to increase its profile in the community. As part of this effort, Owens sponsors a Little League baseball team. The cost of sponsorship is $850. How should Owens record this transaction in order to maintain a balanced accounting equation (A = L + SE)?
A) They should credit $850 to assets and debit $850 to stockholders' equity.
B) They should debit $850 to assets and debit $850 to stockholders' equity.
C) They should credit $850 to assets and credit $850 to stockholders' equity.
D) They should debit $850 to assets and credit $850 to liabilities.
Answer:
They should credit $850 to assets and debit $850 to stockholders' equity (A)
Explanation:
The cash outflow of $850 will reduce the cash position of the company (i.e cash balance under current assets, hence it should be credited) while the stockholders's equity account needs to be debited because the transaction represents a depletion in the value of the company.
Asset account is reduced by crediting while common stock account is reduced by debiting.
Vaughn Corporation acquires a coal mine at a cost of $460,000. Intangible development costs total $115,000. After extraction has occurred, Vaughn must restore the property (estimated fair value of the obligation is $92,000), after which it can be sold for $184,000. Vaughn estimates that 4,600 tons of coal can be extracted. If 805 tons are extracted the first year, prepare the journal entry to record depletion. (If no entry is required, select "No entry" for the account titles and enter 0 for the amounts. Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)
Answer:
Depletion expense A/c Dr $84,525
To Accumulated depletion A/c
(Being the depletion expense for the first year is recorded)
Explanation:
The journal entry is presented below:
Depletion expense A/c Dr $84,525
To Accumulated depletion A/c
(Being the depletion expense for the first year is recorded)
The computation is shown below
First we have to compute the depletion per ton which is calculated below:
= (Acquired cost of coal mine + Intangible development costs + fair value of the obligation - Sale value) ÷ (Number of estimated tons of coal extracted)
= ($460,000 + $115,000 + $92,000 - $184,000) ÷ (4,600 tons)
= $105
Now if 805 tons are extracted in first year, so the depletion would be
= 805 tons × $105
= $84,525
When the money market is drawn with the value of money on the vertical axis, as the price level increases, the value of money _________.a. decreases, so the quantity of money demanded increases. b. increases, so the quantity of money demanded increases.
Answer:
a. decreases, so the quantity of money demanded increases
Explanation:
When the value of money decreases there will naturally be high demand for money because the opportunity cost of holding cash is very low.
The opportunity cost of holding money is the interest that is forgone, when price level increases, the value of money falls and the demand for money increases.
When the value of money increases as a result of high interest rate, it reduces our liquidity preference and the demand for money will decrease.
An investment of cash by stockholders into the business will
Answer:
Increase shareholder's equity
Explanation:
When investors provide cash(capital) to a business through purchasing the company's shares, this increases the amount of their ownership hence increases the equity. Equity amount is recorded in the balance sheet. Another way a company raises capital is by borrowing debt which increases the amount of its liability.
An investment of cash by stockholders significantly impacts a company by providing essential capital for growth, without the obligation to repay. This method attracts investors looking for high returns but involves various costs and compliance requirements.
Explanation:An investment of cash by stockholders into the business will typically have a significant impact on a company's finances and operations. This action can provide the company with the necessary capital for expansion, operation improvements, or implementing new strategies for growth. By issuing stock, a company can access large amounts of capital without the need to repay the principal amount or make regular interest payments, unlike debt financing. Venture capitalists and other investors often provide this capital injection, attracted by the potential for high returns through dividends or capital gains. However, this method also involves costs such as those for investment bankers, legal fees, and compliance with regulatory bodies like the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Therefore, it plays a crucial role in financing business operations and facilitating future growth, making it a fundamental concept in business studies and finance.
________ refers to the condition under which there is alleged preferential treatment of one group (minority or women) over another group rather than equal opportunity.
Answer:
Reverse discrimination
Explanation:
Reverse discrimination is a condition under which there is alleged preferential treatment of one group (minority or women) over another group rather than equal opportunity.
Which of the following is an example of a financial market?
A. A local coffeehouse where people regularly buy and sell financial instruments.
B. A bank that only accepts deposits and issues loans.
C. An electronic network used for buying and selling textbooks.
D. A central bank used for raising taxes and borrowing on behalf of the government.
Answer:
A. A local coffeehouse where people regularly buy and sell financial instruments.
Explanation:
A local coffeehouse where people regularly buy and sell financial instruments is an example of a financial market because by definition a financial market is a place where people buy and sell financial securities and derivatives at minimal transaction costs.
Although in the scenario above it is strange that the location is a coffee shop, however, what is actually essential is the fact that the activities that defines a financial market is taking place therein.
A financial market is a platform where individuals and institutions can buy and sell financial securities such as stocks, bonds, and derivatives.
Explanation:A. A local coffeehouse where people regularly buy and sell financial instruments is an example of a financial market. Financial markets are platforms where individuals and institutions can buy and sell financial securities such as stocks, bonds, and derivatives.
C. An electronic network used for buying and selling textbooks is not an example of a financial market. It is an example of an online marketplace for goods.
D. A central bank used for raising taxes and borrowing on behalf of the government is not an example of a financial market. Central banks are regulatory bodies that oversee monetary policy and regulate financial institutions.
Therefore, the correct answer is A. A local coffeehouse where people regularly buy and sell financial instruments.
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"Bill thought he had received the best deal on his new car. Shortly after the purchase, Bill started to notice certain disadvantages of his new car as he learned more about other cars available. Bill is experiencing ________."
Answer:
Cognitive dissonance
Explanation:
Cognitive dissonance is the term which occurs or happen when the tension arises among the attitudes or beliefs of the person and the decision that contradicts with those pre- existing thinking modes.
In short, it means that it occurs when a person select among the two equally unappealing or equally attractive options.
So, in this case, Bill thinks that he had received the best deal for the car, but after purchasing, he noticed the disadvantages of the car as he learned regarding the new cars. Therefore, he is experiencing the cognitive dissonance.
Bill is experiencing buyer's remorse, a common phenomenon heightened by imperfect information in the marketplace. Buyers may not be fully informed about the product's quality, like Marvin, who tries to avoid purchasing a 'lemon' by researching but still faces risks.
Explanation:Bill is experiencing what is known as buyer's remorse, which occurs when a new owner has second thoughts or sees disadvantages after a purchase, particularly as they learn more about alternatives. This feeling is compounded by the concept of imperfect information, a situation where buyers, like Marvin in our example, may not have complete knowledge about the product's quality or the existence of better alternatives at the time of purchase. In Marvin's scenario, he might take preventive actions, such as reading Consumer Reports or hiring a mechanic for an inspection, to reduce the risk of buying a lemon, a common term for a defective car. However, due to imperfect information in the market, there is no guarantee against purchasing a poor-quality vehicle. Sellers may have more knowledge about the car's defects and might not disclose all issues, as it would lower the car's selling price.
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A procedure in which a quality control partner periodically tests the application of quality control procedures is most directly related to which quality control element?
Monitoring is a procedure in which a quality control partner periodically tests the application of quality control procedures is most directly related to which quality control element.
Explanation:
Ensuring the quality of any product is important for a business for its success. Every business must ensure the quality of any product and confirm that they meet the requirements and specifications of it. In this quality control process the products will be tested in order to ensure that it meets the specifications, standards and requirements.
It also ensures that the product is safe to use and free from defects. Quality control can be partitioned into three stages like, incoming quality control, in-process quality control and outgoing quality control. Monitoring procedure helps to ensure that these quality controlling procedures are applied to the elements.
Quality Assessment within a Quality Assurance program is the element most directly related to periodically testing the application of quality control procedures, which entails monitoring ongoing performance and ensuring systems remain under statistical control.
Explanation:The procedure in which a quality control partner periodically tests the application of quality control procedures is most directly related to Quality Assessment within a Quality Assurance program. Quality assessment is a critical component that determines if the system is under statistical control and identifies any deviations. It monitors the ongoing performance of the quality control measures in place and determines when a corrective action is required. This ensures that the analysis remains free of bias and maintains predetermined confidence intervals.
Quality assessment relies on tools like control charts to monitor quality control procedures. By adding new quality assessment data and reviewing it regularly, we can affirm whether quality control procedures continue to maintain the desired level of control, and the results are reliable.
Which of the following would not change demand? A. The income of the consumers. B. The price of related products. C. The price of the product. D. Information about the product's health effects.
Answer:
Option (c) is correct.
Explanation:
Option A:
Income of the consumer is related to the normal and inferior goods.
If there is an increase in the income level of the consumer then as a result the demand for normal good increases and there is a rightward shift in the demand curve of normal good.
Option B:
Price of related goods: substitute goods and complimentary goods.
For example,
If there is an increase in the price of one good then as a result the demand for the substitute good increases which will shift the demand curve of substitute goods rightwards.
Option C:
If there is an increase in the price of the product then as a result the quantity demanded for that product decreases. This shows that price of the product would not change the demand but the quantity demand.