it is difficult to evaluate the toxicity of substances what factors can vary how harmful a chemical is dose of exposure age and genetic makeup will affect response to a toxin.

Answer:Deficiency of vitamin D or Magnesium

Explanation:

Hypocalcemia is a condition where the calcium in body fluid such as plasma or blood is lower than the critical level. And this can be caused by a deficiency of vitamin D

Hypocalcemia could be caused by the apoptosis of parathyroid cells, failure of osteoclasts to respond to PTH and malfunction of the parathyroid hormone receptors in kidney tubule cells. Therefore, option D is correct.

The parathyroid glands produce parathyroid hormone (PTH), which plays a crucial role in regulating calcium levels.

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for breaking down bone tissue and releasing calcium into the bloodstream under the influence of PTH.

The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating calcium levels by reabsorbing or excreting calcium in response to PTH.

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Answer:Use the K L M N shell orbit

Explanation: Valence electrons are those electrons on the outermost shell of an atomic nucleus.

The K L M N electron shell is named by a spectroscopist called Charles G. Barkla, who discovered the A X-rays ( high energy rays) and the B X-rays ( low energy rays), he later renamed the A X-rays K X-rays which is the Energy level orbit, and the B X-rays was also renamed to be the L M N and so on.

PLEASE SEE PICTURE ATTACHED

THE PICTURE SHOWS HOW TO DETERMINE VALENCE ELECTRON USING THE As AND B's WHICH ARE THE K L M N SHELL ORBIT, USING SILICON AS AN EXAMPLE.

The maximum number of electron in the K orbit is 2

The maximum number of electron in the L M N shell is 8

Therefore the number of electron found in the outermost shell becomes the number of Valence electron in that element.

Answer:

27oz

Explanation:

Let the volume quantity of the 10% solution = x

The volume quantity of the 15% alcohol solution is known as = 18oz

Therefore the volume of the 12% product = 18oz + x

Therefore

0.10 × x + 0.15 × 18oz = 0.12 × (18oz+x)

0.15×18oz - 0.12×18oz = 0.12×x - 0.10×x

.

0.03*18oz = 0.02x

Dividing both sides by 0.02

x = 27oz

Verifying the answer, we have

0.1 × 27 + 18 × 0.15 = 0.12 × 45

2.7 + 2.7 = 5.4

The given question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows.

The value of Henry's law constant [tex]k_{H}[/tex] for oxygen in water at [tex]25^{o}C[/tex] is [tex]1.66 \times 10^{-6}[/tex] M/torr.

Calculate the solubility of oxygen in water at [tex]25^{o}C[/tex] when the total external pressure is 1 atm and the mole fraction of oxygen in the air is 0.20 atm.

Explanation:

Formula to calculate partial pressure of a gas is as follows.

   Partial pressure of oxygen = mole fraction of oxygen x total pressure

Putting the given values into the above equation as follows.

       = [tex]0.20 \times 760[/tex] = 152 torr

Therefore, solubilty (concentration) of oxygen in water  will be calculated as follows.

        Solubility = Henry's law constant x partial pressure of oxygen

                       = [tex]1.66 \times 10^{-6} M/torr \times 152 torr[/tex]

                       = [tex]2.52 \times 10^{-4}[/tex] M

Thus, we can conclude that solubility of given oxygen is [tex]2.52 \times 10^{-4}[/tex] M.

The solubility of oxygen in water at 25°C, when the total external pressure is 1 atm and the mole fraction of oxygen in the air is 0.2, is approximately [tex]\( 0.000260 \, \text{mol/L} \)[/tex].

The solubility of oxygen in water at 25°C, when the total external pressure is 1 atm and the mole fraction of oxygen in the air is 0.2, can be calculated using Henry's Law. Henry's Law states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid. The relationship can be expressed as:

[tex]\[ C = k \cdot p \][/tex]

where:

- C  is the concentration of the gas in the liquid (solubility of oxygen in water, in this case),

- k  is the Henry's Law constant for oxygen in water at the given temperature,

-  p is the partial pressure of oxygen above the liquid.

Given that the total external pressure is 1 atm and the mole fraction of oxygen is 0.2, the partial pressure of oxygen [tex](\( p_{O_2} \))[/tex] can be calculated as:

[tex]\[ p_{O_2} = \text{total pressure} \times \text{mole fraction of oxygen} \] \[ p_{O_2} = 1 \, \text{atm} \times 0.2 \] \[ p_{O_2} = 0.2 \, \text{atm} \][/tex]

The Henry's Law constant for oxygen in water at 25°C [tex](\( k_{O_2} \)) is approximately \( 769.23 \, \text{L} \cdot \text{atm/mol} \).[/tex]

Now, we can calculate the solubility of oxygen in water:

[tex]\[ C_{O_2} = k_{O_2} \cdot p_{O_2} \]\[ C_{O_2} = 769.23 \, \text{L} \cdot \text{atm/mol} \times 0.2 \, \text{atm} \] \[ C_{O_2} = 153.846 \, \text{L} \cdot \text{atm/mol} \][/tex]

To express the solubility in terms of molarity (mol/L), we divide the partial pressure by the Henry's Law constant:

[tex]\[ C_{O_2} = \frac{p_{O_2}}{k_{O_2}} \]\[ C_{O_2} = \frac{0.2 \, \text{atm}}{769.23 \, \text{L} \cdot \text{atm/mol}} \]\[ C_{O_2} \approx 0.000260 \, \text{mol/L} \][/tex]

The answer is: [tex]0.000260 \, \text{mol/L}.[/tex]

Answer:

508 cm^3

Explanation:

3.99 kg * (1000 g)/(1 kg) = 3990 g

density = mass/volume

density * volume = mass

volume = mass/density

volume = (3990 g)/(7.86 g/cm^3)

volume = 508 cm^3

Answer:

The answer to your question is a) pure substance- compound

Explanation:

a) pure substance-compound.  A pure substance can be an element or compound that is not mixed with another substance, glucose is a compound and also a pure substance.

b) mixture-heterogeneous.  This option is wrong because glucose is not mixed with another substance.

c) pure substance-element.  Glucose is a pure substance but it is a compound because it is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. This option is incorrect.

d) mixture-homogeneous.  Glucose is not a mixture, it is a pure substance. This option is wrong.

e) none of the above. This option is wrong because the first option is correct.

Answer: A. Pure substance - compound

Explanation: Sugars or sacharrides are complex compounds having Carbon,Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms on its composition. Since a combination of two or more different elements forms a compound and compounds are pure substances.

Question: Atoms of iron (Fe) form metallic bonds with other iron atoms. How are the valence electrons of these atoms rearranged to form the bonds?

A) a few valence electrons are shared between the atoms.

B) many valence electrons are shared between the atoms.

C) electrons are transferred from the iron atoms to atoms in the air.

D) electrons are transferred to the iron atoms from atoms in the air

Answer:

"Many valence electrons are shared between the atoms"

Explanation:

Chemical bonds can be broadly classified into 3 categories:

1) Ionic bond

2) Covalent Bond

3) Metallic bond

Metallic bonds are formed due to the attraction among the mobile valence electrons of the metal atom and its positively charged nucleus. In a piece of iron, the metallic bonds among Fe atoms will spread over the whole molecular assembly due to the de- localization of the valence electrons.  

These de-localized electrons are the valence electrons of metal atoms which are shared between them.

Hence, the correct answer from the given options is option B.

Answer: B) many valence electrons are shared between the atoms.

Explanation:

Answer:

B) The metal temperature changed more than the water temperature did, but the metal lost

the same amount of thermal energy as the water gained.

Explanation:

Heat capacity or thermal capacity is defined as the amount of heat required by a given mass of a material to raise its temperature by one unit which means that the heat capacity of the water, that is the quantity of heat required to cause a rise from 22°C to 35°C that is a rise of 13°C is the quantity of heat that caused the drop in temperature of the metal from 100°C to 35°C a change of 65°C

The water has more capacity to absorb heat or a higher heat capacity than the metal

However, the first law of thermodynamics states that energy is neither created nor destroyed, but it changes from one form to another. In this case, the thermal energy lost by the metal is the same as the thermal or heat energy gained by the water

The branch of science which deals with chemicals and bonds is called chemistry.

The correct answer is B

Heat capacity or thermal capacity is defined as the amount of heat required by a given mass of a material to raise its temperature by one unit which means that the heat capacity of the water

The quantity of heat required to cause a rise from 22°C to 35°C that is a rise of 13°C is the quantity of heat that caused the drop in temperature of the metal from 100°C to 35°C a change of 65°C

The water has more capacity to absorb heat or a higher heat capacity than the metal because the water has more space in between the particles.

However, the first law of thermodynamics states that energy is neither created nor destroyed, but it can transform from one material to another material. The heat always flows from the high temperature to the low temperature.

Hence, the correct option is B that is The metal temperature changed more than the water temperature did, but the metal lost the same amount of thermal energy as the water gained.

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Answer:

5

Explanation:

because im a bot :)

The student can use Graham's Law of diffusion to find the molar mass of the unknown hydrocarbon gas. They can then identify plausible molecular formulas that correspond to this molar mass to determine the unknown hydrocarbon gas. The rate of diffusion for the known and unknown gases in the apparatus serves as the initial data for this determination.

The question is about finding the molecular formula of an unknown hydrocarbon gas based on its rate of diffusion compared to HBr gas in a given diffusion apparatus. In general, the lighter a gas molecule, the faster it diffuses, and this rate of diffusion can be related to its molecular mass by Graham's Law of diffusion. This law illustrates that the rate of diffusion or effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.

According to the information given, we can use the formula derived from Graham's law: r1/r2 = sqrt(M2/M1), where r1 and r2 are the rates of diffusion of the two gases, and M1 and M2 are their respective molar masses.

Here, HBr (Hydrobromic acid) gas diffused at a rate of 15.0 mL/min and its molar mass is about 81 g/mol. The unknown gas diffused at a rate of 20.3 mL/min. Plugging these values into the formula, we can solve for the molar mass of the unknown gas. After finding the molar mass, we can then determine plausible hydrocarbon molecular formulas that correspond to this molar mass, thus identifying the unknown hydrocarbon gas.

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Answer:

F = -1.604x10⁻⁸ N

Explanation:

The Coulomb force (F) of repulsion between nearest-neighbor O²⁻ ions in CaO can be calculated using the next equation:    

[tex] F = K frac{(Z_{Ca^{2+}})(Z_{O^{2-}})(e^{-})^{2}}{r^{2}} [/tex]

where K: is the coulomb's constant, Z: is the charge of the Ca²⁺ and O²⁻ ions, e⁻: is the electron's charge, and r: is the distance between the nuclei of the two ions.  

Having that:

The Coulomb force (F) of repulsion is:

[tex] F = 9\cdot 10^{9} N*m^{2}*C^{-2} \frac{(2+)(2-)(1.602\cdot 10^{-19}C)^{2}}{(2.4\cdot 10^{-10} m)^{2}} = -1.604 \cdot 10^{-8} N [/tex]

Hence, the Coulomb force of repulsion between the two ions in CaO is -1.604x10⁻⁸ N.

I hope it helps you!

The coulombic force of repulsion between nearest-neighbour O²⁻ ions in CaO can be calculated using Coulomb's law and the crystal structure of CaO. The formula for calculating the force is F = k(q₁ × q₂)/r₂, where q₁ and q₂ are the charges of the ions, r is the distance between them, and k is a constant.

The coulombic force of repulsion between nearest-neighbor O²⁻ ions in CaO can be calculated using Coulomb's law. The formula for calculating the force of repulsion between two ions with charges q1 and q2, separated by a distance r, is given by:

F = k(q₁ × q₂)/r₂

In this case, the charge of each O²⁻ ion is -2. The distance between the ions can be determined using the crystal structure of CaO, which is rock salt. The nearest-neighbour distance (equilibrium separation distance) in a rock salt crystal is equal to the sum of the ionic radii of the cation and anion.

The value of the constant k in Coulomb's law is 8.99 x 109Nm²/C². The ionic radii of the O²⁻ and Ca²⁺ ions can be obtained from a reference table or provided data. Using the given values, you can calculate the coulombic force of repulsion between the nearest-neighbor O²⁻ ions in CaO.

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Answer:

In 7.80 g of styrene, we have 3.60×10²³ atoms of H

Explanation:

Empirical formula of styrene is CH

Molecular formula of styrene is C₈H₈

So, 1 mol of styrene has 8 moles of C and 8 moles of H and 1 mol weighs 104.14 grams. Let's make a rule of three:

104.14 g (1 mol of C₈H₈) have 8 moles of H

Then 7.80 g would have ( 7.80  .8) / 104.14 = 0.599 moles

As we know, 1 mol of anything has NA particles (Avogadro's Number,  6.02×10²³), so 0.599 moles will have (mol . NA) particles

0.599 mol . 6.02×10²³ atoms / 1 mol = 3.60×10²³ atoms

Answer:

52.0 gof CO2 contains 7.1 *10^23 molecules

1 molecule of CO2 has a mass of 7.3*10^-23 grams

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of CO2 = 52.0 grams

Molar mass of CO2 = 44.01 g/mol

Number of Avogadro = 6.022 * 10^23 / mol

Step 2: Calculate moles of CO2

Moles CO2 = Mass CO2 / molar mass CO2

Moles CO2 = 52.0 grams / 44.01 g/mol

Moles CO2 = 1.18 moles

Step 3: Calculate molecules in 1.18 moles CO2

Number of molecules = 1.18 moles * 6.022*10^23 = 7.1 *10^23 molecules

1 molecule of CO2

Number of moles = 1 / 6.022*10^23

Number of moles = 1.66 *10^-24

Mass CO2 = 1.66*10^-24 moles * 44.01 g/mol

Mass CO2 = 7.3*10^-23 grams

To calculate the mass in grams of one molecule of CO₂, we divide the molar mass of CO₂ (44.01 g/mol) by Avogadro's number (6.022 × 10²³ molecules/mol), resulting in a mass of approximately 7.31 × 10⁻²³ g for one molecule.

To find the mass in grams of one molecule of CO₂, we use the molar mass of carbon dioxide and Avogadro's number. The molar mass of CO₂ is 44.01 g/mol, which means 1 mole (6.022 × 10²³ molecules) of CO₂ has a mass of 44.01 grams. To find the mass of one molecule, divide the molar mass by Avogadro's number:

Molar mass of CO₂ = 44.01 g/mol

Mass of one CO₂ molecule = Molar mass / Avogadro's number

Mass of one CO₂ molecule = 44.01 g/mol ÷ 6.022 × 10²³ molecules/mol

Mass of one CO₂ molecule ≈ 7.31 × 10⁻²³ g

To express this mass in terms of a single molecule of CO₂, we describe it as an extremely small mass because it represents a miniscule fraction of the mass of a mole of CO₂.

Answer:

The answer to your question is  21 g of CO₂  

Explanation:

Balanced Reaction

                               C₃H₈  +  6O₂    ⇒    3CO₂   +   4H₂O

Data

mass of C₃H₈ = 7 g

mass of O₂  = 98 g

Determine the limiting reactant

Molecular mass of C₃H₈ = (12 x3) + (1 x 8) = 36 + 8 = 44 g

Molecular mass of Oxygen = 16 x 12 = 192 g

Theoretical proportion  C₃H₈ / O₂ = 44 / 192 = 0.23

Experimental proportion  C₃H₈ / O₂ = 7 / 98 = 0.07

As the proportion diminishes in the experiment, the excess reagent is the oxygen and the limiting reactant is propane.

- Calculate the mass of CO₂

                     44 g of C₃H₈   ---------------- 3(44) of CO₂

                       7 g of C₃H₈    ---------------   x

                       x = (7 x 3(44)) / 44

                       x = 924 / 44

                       x = 21 g of CO₂                        

Answer:

Al2(SO4)3(aq) + 3BaCl2(aq) → 3BaSO4(s) + 2AlCl3(aq)

Explanation:

The question wants you to use the lowest possible coefficients to balance the equation.

According to the question the reaction is as follows ;

Generally, writing the chemical formula requires one to exchange the charge between the cations and anions involved. Example aluminum sulfate has Al3+ and (SO4)2- . cross multiply the charges to get Al2(SO4)3

aluminum sulfate → Al2(SO4)3

barium chloride → BaCl2

barium sulfate → BaSO4

aluminum chloride → AlCl3

Al2(SO4)3(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → BaSO4(s) + AlCl3(aq)

To balance a chemical equation one have to make sure the number of atom of element on the reactant side(left) is equal to the number of atom of elements on the product side(right).

Now, the equation can be be balance with the lowest coefficient as follows;

Al2(SO4)3(aq) + 3BaCl2(aq) → 3BaSO4(s) + 2AlCl3(aq)

The bold numbers is the coefficient use to balance the equation.

The number of atom on the reactant side is equal to the product side. Using aluminium atom as a case study the number of aluminium atom on the reactant side is 2 and the on the product  side it is also  2.

When aqueous aluminum sulfate and barium chloride are mixed, aluminum chloride forms as a product, while barium sulfate precipitates.

When aqueous solutions of aluminum sulfate and barium chloride are mixed, a double replacement reaction occurs. The aluminum sulfate dissociates into aluminum ions (Al³⁺) and sulfate ions (SO₄²⁻), while the barium chloride separates into barium ions (Ba²⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻).

The aluminum ions react with the chloride ions, forming aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) as a product. The barium ions react with the sulfate ions, resulting in the formation of solid barium sulfate (BaSO₄) as a precipitate. This reaction can be represented by the chemical equation: 3BaCl₂ + Al₂(SO₄) ₃ → 3BaSO₄ + 2AlCl₃.

In this reaction, the aluminum chloride remains in the aqueous solution, while the barium sulfate precipitates and can be separated from the solution.

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Answer:

5.21 g of solute (LiCl)

48.79 g of solvent (water)

Explanation:

This is our information

[LiCl] = 2.40 M → 2.40 moles of salt in 1L of solution

Density of solution: 1.0538 g/mL (solution mass / solution volume)

54 g → solution mass

Let's determine solution volume with density

1.0538 g/mL = solution mass / solution volume

1.0538 g/mL = 54 g / solution volume

Solution volume = 54 g / 1.0538 g/mL → 51.2 mL

Now, we can know the mass of solute, by molarity.

In 1 L of solution (1000 mL) we know that we have 2.40 mol of chloride.

Then, how many moles of chloride, do we have in 51.2mL of solution. We make a rule of three:

1000 mL has 2.40 moles of LiCl

51.2 mL would have (51.2 . 2.40)/1000 = 0.123 moles of solute

We apply molar mass to know the mass ( mol . molar mass)

0.123 moles .  42.39 g/m = 5.21 g of LiCl

Finally solute mass + solvent mass = solution mass

5.21 g LiCl + solvent mass = 54 g

54 g - 5.21 g = solvent mass → 48.79 g

The mass of solute is 5.22 g and the mass of solvent is 48.78 g

Molarity of LiCl = 2.40 M

Therefore, 2.40 moles of salt is present in 1L of solution

Density of solution: 1.0538 g/mL

Mass of solution = 54.0 g

Volume = 54 g / 1.0538 g/mL

Volume of solution = 51.2 mL

1 L or 1000 mL solution contains 2.40 moles

51.2 mL will contain 51.2 * 2.4 mole/1000

Number of moles of LiCl present in 51.2 mL solution = 0.123 moles

Using mass = number of moles * molar mass  

molar mass of LiCl = 42.5 g

mass of LiCl = 0.123 * 42.5 g

mass of LiCl = 5.22 g of LiCl

mass of solvent = solution mass - mass of solute

mass of solvent = 54.0 g - 5.22 g

mass of solvent = 48.78

5.21 g LiCl + solvent mass = 54 g

Therefore, the mass of solute is 5.22 g and the mass of solvent is 48.78 g

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Answer:

Binary molecular compounds are the compounds consisting of two non-metallic elements. Examples of binary molecular compounds include: NO2, HCl, HF, P2O5 e.t.c.

Rules For Naming Binary Molecular Compounds

Naming binary molecular compounds is quite easy,

1. The first element is given its name.

2. The second element is given its root name (such as, hydro, carb,ox, chlor e.t.c.) followed by suffix ide.

Name of N2O4 - Dinitrogen tetraoxide

Chemical Formula of;

 iodic acid: HI

disulfur trioxide: S2O3

dinitrogen monoxide: N2O

hydrofluoric acid: HF

Difference between Binary acid and an oxyacid

An oxyacid is an acid consisting of an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom and at least one other non-metallic element. Examples of oxyacids include HNO3, H2SO4 e.t.c.

Binary acids are the acids consisting of hydrogen atom bonded to a non-metallic element. Examples include HF, HCl, HI  e.t.c.

Answer:

Explanation:Rrules for naming binary compounds.

1. The less electronegative element is written first.This is not always true for all elements.Nonmetals follow this order:C,p,N,H,S,I,Br,Cl,O,F.

2.The right numeric prefix is used example mono for 1 atom,did for 2 atoms,tri for 3 atoms,tetra for 4 atoms.etc

3. The second element is named after the first with the ending of the element's name changed to-ide then the right prefix is used for the second element.

4.Drop the 'a' in a prefix ending in one prior to the one starting with the vowel'o'. Example write tetroxide instead of tetra oxide.

32. A binary compound is a compound that contains two non metals.

33. A binary acid is a compound that contains a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a non metal in its molecule.They are called hydracids.The general formular is H-X.Examples are HCl,H2S, etcwhile oxyacid are compounds that are composed of hydrogen,oxygen and other elements in the molecule. An eample is HClO3.

34. N2O3 will be named dintrogentetroxide.This is because it is a covalent compound and will follow rule 2 by putting the right numeric prefix based on the number of atoms of nitrogen and oxygen in the molecule.The 'a"at the end of tetra dropped because of the vowel 'o'in the next letter.

35. a. Molecular formulae of iodic acid is HIO3

b.Molecular formulae for disulfurtrioxide is

S2O3

c.Molecular formulae for dinirtrogenmonoxide is N2O

d. Hydrogenchloric ice HCl

36. Answer 35

Answer:

See explanation for answer

Explanation:

You are missing some important data, in this case, the mass and temperature of the water.

In order to solve for this and explain to you how to do it, I'm going to assume some values for the mass and temperature for water, and then, you only need to replace these values with the values you have to get an accurate answer.

Let's assume the mass of water we have is 0.150 kg of water at 40 °C.

Now, let's remember that the water and ice are exerting heat and the sum of these heats must be zero always:

Q = Qw + Qi  = 0 (1)

In the case of the heat exerted by the ice, let's remember that the ice is passing through several stages. First, it's temperature changes but not it's phase, it remains solid. Second, it's when the ice begins to melt and ends when it's totally melted. And third, the change of temperature of water when the ice melted. So for these three stages, the heat of ice can be calculated with the following expression:

Qi = (mi * Ci * ΔTi) + (mi * Lf) + (mi * Cw * ΔTm)   (2)

The values of Ci, Lf and Cw are tabulated and reported data, and these are the following:

Ci: Specific heat of ice =  2100 J/kg °C

Cw: Specific heat of water = 4190 J/kg °C

Lf: heat of fusion of water =  3.34x10⁵ J/kg

For the case of heat of water it's just the specific heat of water, it's mass and the difference of temperature and the expression is:

Qw = mw * Cw * ΔT  (3)

Now, let's calculate firt the heat of water:

Qw = 0.150 * 4190 * (27.2 - 40)

Qw = -8044.8 J (a)

We have the heat of water, now, let's calculate heat of ice in function of the mass of ice:

Qi = [mi * 2100 * (0 + 10.9)] + (mi * 3.34x10⁵) + [mi * 4190 * (27.2 - 0)]

Qi = 22,890mi + 3.34x10⁵mi + 113,968mi

Qi = 470,858mi (b)

Finally, replace (a) and (b) in equation (1) to solve for mass of ice:

0 = 470,858mi - 8044.8

8044.8 = 470,858mi

mi = 8044.8 / 470,858

mi = 0.0171 kg or 17.1 g of ice

This is the mass required to drop the temperature of the system to 27.2 °C. Now, remember to replace the value of mass of water and temperature in this procedure to get the real and accuraten answer.

Answer:

a. Convergent boundary

b. Transform boundary

c. Divergent boundary

Explanation:

Convergent boundary are boundary where tectonic plates collide with each other. This kind of boundary might involve a collision between continental and oceanic plates, continental and continental plates and oceanic and oceanic plates. Generally, convergent boundary are regions for mountainous structures . Example of mountain formed through convergence are mountain Everest and Himalayas .

Transform boundary are boundary where tectonic plates move past each other . This kind of boundary is responsible for the creation of Extensive Fault like the San Andrea Fault.

Divergent boundary are boundary where tectonic plates move away from each other.  The diverging movements brings about oceanic ridges. The mid oceanic ridges is where magma rises to the surface to form a new crust. The up welling of this magma causes further separation of this plates.

The picture above illustrate convergent, divergent and transform boundary.

In plate tectonics, boundaries are categorized based on the relative movement of the lithospheric plates. Convergent boundaries occur when plates move toward each other, transform boundaries occur when plates slide past each other, and divergent boundaries occur when plates move away from each other.

In plate tectonics, the boundaries between different lithospheric plates are categorized based on their movement relative to each other.

a) Boundaries where plates move toward each other are known as convergent boundaries. At these boundaries, often one plate is forced under the other and is destroyed in the mantle in a process known as subduction. Examples include the boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate.

b) Boundaries where plates slide past each other are called transform boundaries. These usually cause earthquakes as the plates scrape against each other, the San Andreas Fault in California is a well-known example.

c) Boundaries where plates move away from each other are referred to as divergent boundaries. Here new crust is formed as magma wells up from the mantle, such as at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

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The reaction rate increases by a factor of 6 when the concentration of NO2 is increased by half and the concentration of F2 is increased by four. This is because the reaction is first order with respect to both reactants, meaning the rate is directly proportional to their concentrations.

The chemical reaction is first order in NO2 and first order in F2, meaning the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of these two reactants. If the concentration of NO2 is increased by a factor of 1.5 (or by half), the reaction rate also increases by a factor of 1.5. Likewise, if the concentration of F2 is increased by a factor of 4, the reaction rate also increases by a factor of 4. Therefore, with both these changes, the overall reaction rate would increase by a factor of 1.5 * 4 = 6.

In general, for a reaction that is first order in respect to a certain reactant, doubling the concentration of that reactant would double the rate of the reaction. Therefore, in this case, increasing the concentration of NO2 by half increases the rate by the same factor (1.5), and increasing the concentration of F2 by 4 increases the rate by the same factor (4).

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Final answer:

For a reaction that is first order in both NO₂ and F₂, increasing NO₂ concentration by half and F₂ concentration by four would result in a sixfold increase in the reaction rate.

Explanation:

The reaction being described is first order in NO₂ and first order in F₂. The rate of the reaction would increase in proportion to the changes in concentrations of both reactants, since it is first order with respect to each one. If the concentration of NO₂ was increased by half (a factor of 1.5) and the concentration of F₂ was increased by four (a factor of 4), the overall increase in rate would be calculated by multiplying the individual rate increases due to each reactant. This would give us an overall rate increase by a factor of 1.5 (due to NO₂) × 4 (due to F₂) = 6.

Answer:

Explanation:

The elements of group 17 are called halogens. These are six elements Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Astatine. Halogens are very reactive these elements can not be found free in nature. Their chemical properties are resemble greatly with each other.

Fluorine:

it is flammable gas.

It has pungent smell.

its reactions with all other elements are very vigorous except neon, oxygen, krypton and helium.  

It has adverse effect on human health. It is absorbed and lead to teeth decay.

It effects the nerves, kidney and muscles.

It causes osteoporosis.

Chlorine:

it is greenish-yellow irritating gas.

it is disinfectant and can kill the bacteria.

it is also used in manufacturing of paper, paints and textile industries.

It also have some adverse effect on human health such as it can effect the respiratory system, immune system and heart.

Bromine:

it is present in reddish brown color.

it has pungent odor.

it is very corrosive for human tissues.

Its vapors create irritation in throat and eyes.

In organic form it causes our lungs, gastrointestinal track and stomach.

Iodine:    

It is very corrosive and has pungent odor.  

It is used for thyroid treatment but large exposure to its radiations cause the tissue damage.

Answer:

We have 1.15 *10^23 nitrogen atoms

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of N2O = 4.19 grams

Number of N2O molecules = 5.73 *10^22 molecules

Molar mass = 44.01 g/mol

Step 2: Calculate moles N2O

Moles N2O = mass N2O / molar mass N2O

Moles N2O = 4.19 grams / 44.01 g/mol

Moles N2O = 0.0952 moles

Step 3: Calculate moles nitrogen

For each mol N2O we have 2 moles of Nitrogen

For 0.0952 moles N2O we have 2*0.0952 = 0.1904 moles nitrogen

Step 4: Calculate atoms nitrogen

Number of nitrogen atoms = moles * number of Avogadro

Number of nitrogen atoms = 0.1904 moles * 6.022*10^23

Number of nitrogen atoms = 1.15 *10^23 atoms

We have 1.15 *10^23 nitrogen atoms

For every molecule of Nitrous Oxide, there are two nitrogen atoms. Multiplying the given number of N2O molecules (5.73 x 10^22) by two gives us the total number of nitrogen atoms in the sample, which is approximately 1.146 × 10^23 nitrogen atoms.

To calculate the number of nitrogen atoms in a sample of nitrous oxide (N2O), we must first understand the molecular structure of N2O. This molecule consists of two nitrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom. Thus, for every one molecule of N2O, there are two nitrogen atoms.

The question stated that the sample contained 5.73 × 1022 N2O molecules. By multiplying this number by two (for the two nitrogen atoms per molecule), the total number of nitrogen atoms in the sample can be calculated.

Therefore, 5.73 × 1022 N2O molecules * 2 N atoms per molecule = 1.146 × 1023 nitrogen atoms.

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Answer:

The answer to your question is 432 g of CO₂

Explanation:

Data

CaCO₃  = 983 g

CaO = 551 g

CO₂ = ?

Balanced reaction

                               CaCO₃ (s)   ⇒   CaO (s)   +  CO₂ (g)

This reaction is balanced, to solve this problem just remember the Lavoisier Law of conservation of mass that states that the mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products.

                    Mass of reactants = Mass of products

                    Mass of CaCO₃   = Mass of CaO + Mass of CO₂

Solve for CO₂

                    Mass of CO₂  = Mass of CaCO₃ - Mass of CaO                    

                     Mass of CO₂ = 983 g - 551 g

Simplification

                     Mass of CO₂ = 432 g                        

Answer:

The equation in function notation is:

= [tex]f(q)=\frac{1}{2}s-\frac{3}{2}[/tex]

Explanation:

Given equation:

[tex]6q = 3s-9[/tex]

Where q is the independent variable.

To write the equation in function notation we will do the following:

Step 1 : divide 6 on both sides:

[tex]\frac{6q}{6}=\frac{3s-9}{6}[/tex]

[tex]q=\frac{1}{2}s-\frac{3}{2}[/tex]

The function notation will become:

[tex]f(q)=\frac{1}{2}s-\frac{3}{2}[/tex]

Answer:

D. f(q)=2q+3

Explanation:

The answer should be D. f(q)=2q+3

If you need a explannation, comments below and I will edit the explannation  

Answer: Thus volume in liters is [tex]6.14\times 10^3L[/tex]

Explanation:

Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of the solution.

To calculate the number of moles for given molarity, we use the equation:

[tex]\text{Molarity of the solution}=\frac{\text{Moles of silver oxide}}{\text{Volume of solution in L}}[/tex]     .....(1)

Molarity of silver oxide solution = [tex]7.73\times 10^{-5}mmol/L=7.73\times 10^{-2}\mu mol/L[/tex]      [tex]1mmol=1000\mu mol[/tex]

Moles of silver oxide = [tex]475\mu mol[/tex]      

Volume of solution in L = ?

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

[tex]7.73\times 10^{-2}\mu mol\L=\frac{475\mu mol}{\text{Volume of solution in L}}\\\\\{\text{Volume of solution in L}}=\frac{475\mu mol}{7.73\times 10^{-2}\mu mol\L}=6.14\times 10^3L[/tex]

Thus volume in liters is [tex]6.14\times 10^{3}L[/tex]

Answer:

4 for C in CH4

+4 for C in CO2

-2 for O in all substances

+1 for H in both CH4 and H2O

option 1,2,3 and 4 are correct. Option 5 is not correct

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Oxidation number of H = +1

Oxidation number of O = -2

Step 2: The balanced equation

CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

Step 3: The oxidation numbers

-4 for C in CH4

 ⇒ Oxidation number of H = +1

    ⇒ 4x +1 = +4

C has an oxidation number of -4

This is correct.

+4 for C in CO2

 ⇒ Oxidation number of O = -2

    ⇒ 2x -2 = -4

C has an oxidation number of +4

This is correct.

-2 for O in all substances

⇒ this is correct, the oxidation number of O is always -2 (except in H2O2 and Na2O2)

This is correct.

+1 for H in both CH4 and H2O

⇒ this is correct, the oxidation number of H is always +1 (except in metal hydrides).

This is correct.

+4 for O in H2O

 ⇒ Oxidation number of H = +1

    ⇒ 2x +1 = +2

The oxidation number of O is -2

This is not correct

Final answer:

The correct statements regarding oxidation states in the methane combustion reaction are 4 for C in CH4

+4 for C in CO2

-2 for O in all substances

+1 for H in both CH4 and H2O

Explanation:

The student's question relates to the oxidation states of elements in a chemical reaction, specifically in the combustion of methane represented by the equation CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O. Let's evaluate the statements:

Step 1: Data given

Oxidation number of H = +1

Oxidation number of O = -2

Step 2: The balanced equation

CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

Step 3: The oxidation numbers

-4 for C in CH4

⇒ Oxidation number of H = +1

   ⇒ 4x +1 = +4

C has an oxidation number of -4

This is correct.

+4 for C in CO2

⇒ Oxidation number of O = -2

   ⇒ 2x -2 = -4

C has an oxidation number of +4

This is correct.

-2 for O in all substances

⇒ this is correct, the oxidation number of O is always -2 (except in H2O2 and Na2O2)

This is correct.

+1 for H in both CH4 and H2O

⇒ this is correct, the oxidation number of H is always +1 (except in metal hydrides).

This is correct.

+4 for O in H2O

⇒ Oxidation number of H = +1

   ⇒ 2x +1 = +2

The oxidation number of O is -2

This is not correct

The steps associated with energy entering the system during the dissolution process involve the endothermic separation of solvent molecules and the separation of solute molecules, which require energy to overcome intermolecular forces.

The steps associated with energy entering the system during the dissolution process are:

Both the separation of solvent molecules (step 1) and the separation of solute molecules (step 2) are endothermic processes that require energy input. These processes involve overcoming the intermolecular attractive forces holding the respective particles together. Conversely, the mixing of solute and solvent molecules (step 3) is an exothermic process where energy is released, thus not associated with energy entering the system.

Whether the dissolution process is overall exothermic or endothermic depends on the relative magnitudes of the energy changes during these steps. For example, if the energy released during solvation is greater than the energy required for separating solute and solvent molecules, the overall process is exothermic. Conversely, if more energy is consumed in overcoming the solute-solute and solvent-solvent attractive forces than is released during solvation, the overall process is endothermic.

Final answer:

The concentration after 17.0 minutes will be approximately 0.067 M.

Explanation:

The rate constant for a reaction is a constant that relates the rate of the reaction to the concentration of the reactants. The rate law for a reaction is given by the equation: rate = k[A]^[x][B]^[y], where k is the rate constant, [A] and [B] are the concentrations of the reactants, and x and y are the reaction orders concerning A and B, respectively.

In this case, since the rate constant (k) is given as 5.40 × 10^(-3) s^(-1) and the initial reactant concentration is 0.100 M, we can use the integrated rate law for a first-order reaction to find the concentration after a certain time:

[A] = [A]_0 * e^(-kt)

Substituting the given values, we have:

[A] = (0.100 M) * e^(-5.40 × 10^(-3) s^(-1) * (17.0 * 60 s))

Simplifying this equation gives:

[A] ≈ 0.067 M

The concentration of the reactant after 17.0 minutes is approximately 0.000405 M.

This was determined using the formula for a first-order reaction. Initial concentration, rate constant, and time were given and plugged into the formula for accuracy.

To solve this problem, we need to use the formula for a first-order reaction:

[A] = [A]0 e-kt

Where:

Given:

Plug these values into the formula:

Simplify the exponent:

Using a calculator to find e-5.508:

The concentration of the reactant after 17.0 minutes is approximately 0.000405 M.

Final answer:

The molarity of the KNO3 solution is calculated by first finding the molar mass of KNO3, then determining the number of moles of KNO3 dissolved, and finally dividing the moles by the volume of the solution in liters, resulting in a molarity of 0.4118 M.

Explanation:

To calculate the molarity of a KNO3 solution made by dissolving 76.6 g of KNO3 in a total solution volume of 1.84 L, follow these steps:

Therefore, the molarity of the KNO3 solution is 0.4118 M.

A homogeneous mixture, also known as a solution, is a combination of substances that is uniform throughout. In the given options, the glass of soda is an example of a homogeneous mixture due to its uniform composition, which differs from a heterogeneous mixture where the composition can vary.

In order to identify a homogeneous mixture, we need to understand what it is. A homogeneous mixture is also known as a solution and it's a combination of substances with a composition that is uniform throughout. Each sample of a homogeneous mixture will show the same proportions of its components. This differs from a heterogeneous mixture, where the composition can vary from point to point. Examples of these would be cookies or salad dressing where the individual components can be visibly distinguished. From the list you provided, the glass of soda represents a homogeneous mixture. This is due to its uniform composition, you cannot tell the difference between one part of the soda from the others because the solute (usually a syrup) is completely dissolved in the solvent (carbonated water). Therefore, every part of the soda sample is identical in properties and composition.

Learn more about Homogeneous Mixtures here:

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