Final answer:
In an exploratory study, defining the data is important. Steps to minimize the effects of experimenter bias include random assignment, blinding, and clear criteria for behavior recording.
Explanation:
In an exploratory study, the problem of defining the "data" is important. The data refers to the information that needs to be collected. To minimize the effects of experimenter bias on the outcome of the study, there are certain steps that can be taken.
To minimize bias, researchers can use random assignment of subjects to treatment groups. This helps ensure that any differences in the groups' responses are due to the treatment, not the experimenter's expectations.Researchers can also use blinding, where both the researcher and the subjects are unaware of which treatment group they are in. This helps prevent the researcher's expectations from influencing the study's outcome.Having clear criteria for recording and classifying behaviors can also help minimize experimenter bias. This ensures that observations are objective and consistent.Final answer:
To collect relevant data in an exploratory study, one must identify the underlying concept and ensure the measure varies accordingly with a focus on objective, quantitative data. Minimizing experimenter bias involves random assignment, blinding procedures, and inter-rater reliability to safeguard against observer bias. Transparent debriefing with participants is also essential for ethical reasons and maintaining data integrity.
Explanation:
Identifying the correct data to collect in an exploratory study is crucial to understanding the underlying concepts and measuring them effectively. This process includes determining the operationalization of the concept and ensuring that the chosen measure varies accordingly. The collection of objective, quantitative data is often preferable as it provides concrete evidence for analysis.
To minimize the effects of experimenter bias, several strategies can be employed. Employing a random assignment to treatment groups, including a control group that receives a placebo and ensuring the use of blinding are critical. Further, establishing clear criteria for behaviors recording and using inter-rater reliability tests can protect against observer bias. Blind data mining should be avoided as it leads to irrelevant or useless data and fails to address the research question effectively, thus wasting resources.
Finally, making participants aware of the details of the study, the purpose, expected outcomes, and potential risks during the debriefing phase can strengthen ethical considerations without influencing the subjects' behavior during the study, thus assisting in reducing biases that can affect the outcome of the study.
According to MLA style, on each page of the research paper, precede the page number by the title of the paper. true or false
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
MLA Style, also known as Modern Language Association, is a form of formatting and citation style used in academic writings, especially thesis and other documentation writings. This style is majorly used by most universities in their academic writings.
According to this style, the paper must be written in the Times New Roman font, with the size 12 pt, double spaced. The margins in all sides must be of 1 inch each, with the page numbers on the upper-right hand corner of each page. Each page of the research paper must have a page number and title of the paper on the right hand corner of the page. And in this, the page number must come after the title.
Thus, the statement that the page number preceding the title of the paper is false.
ServProf Inc. is a financial consulting firm that is currently recruiting new employees. One of the policies of the company states that an employee must work in the company for a minimum of one year and sign a contract with the company confirming the acceptance. Employees who accept the job offer agree to this policy, and it does not adversely affect them. However, it is against the law for companies to follow such a policy. In this scenario, ServProf Inc. has engaged in _____ behavior.
Answer:
Illegal yet ethical
Explanation:
In this scenario, ServProf Inc. has engaged in illegal yet ethical behavior.
The reason is that since binding the employees in such kind of contacts is against the law and anything that is against the law is considered illegal.
It is ethical because it is important to bind an employee in a time. They tend to leave the employment as soon as they learn a skill or fins a better job and leave the company stranded. Therefore, companies need security that their operations will run for at least a year.
ServProf Inc, a financial consulting firm, is engaged in unethical behavior by implementing a policy that goes against the law, although employees accepting the job offer don't perceive it to be harmful.
Explanation:In the described scenario, ServProf Inc, a financial consulting firm, has engaged in unethical behavior. Despite the fact that the policy does not adversely affect the employees who accept the job offer and agree to work at the company for a minimum of one year, if such a policy is against the law, it is considered unethical. Companies should always strive to operate within the bounds of the law, irrespective of whether their policies are considered beneficial or non-harmful by their employees.
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Student Version There is a design methodology called rapid prototyping, which has been used successfully in software engineering. Given similarities between software design and instructional design, we argue that rapid prototyping is a viable method for instructional design, especially for computer-based instruction. References: Tripp, S. D.,
The student version represents paraphrasing plagiarism because while it uses different wording, it closely mimics the structure and idea of the source material without sufficient originality or critical analysis.
The student version of the text concerning rapid prototyping in the context of instructional design and computer-based instruction presents a paraphrase of the original source material. The student has rephrased the original text and included a proper citation to the source, indicating that they are referencing ideas by Tripp and Bichelmeyer (1990). The paraphrasing shows an effort to reinterpret the original material in the student's own words while maintaining the original concept, which is that rapid prototyping is a viable method for instructional design.
Complete Question:
Original Source Material
There is a design methodology called rapid prototyping, which has been used successfully in software engineering. Given similarities between software design and instructional design, we argue that rapid prototyping is a viable method for instructional design, especially for computer-based instruction.
References:
Tripp, S. D., & Bichelmeyer, B. A. (1990). Rapid prototyping: An alternative instructional design strategy. Educational Technology Research and Development, 38(1), 31-44.
Student Version
Rapid prototyping could be an advantageous methodology for developing innovative computer-based instruction (Tripp & Bichelmeyer, 1990).
References:
Tripp, S. D., & Bichelmeyer, B. A. (1990). Rapid prototyping: An alternative instructional design strategy. Educational Technology Research and Development, 38(1), 31-44.
Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?
Word-for-Word plagiarism
Paraphrasing plagiarism
This is not plagiarism
What are the messages that the cartoonists want to convey to their audience about the truth behind the election of 1876 in the Keppler cartoon and race relations in the 'New' South in the Nast cartoon?
Cartoons were important in unmasking the truth and what was happening in relation to the 1876 elections. They did many things compared the African American Republican vote of the South to the Irish.
Final answer:
Thomas Nast conveyed the contentious and fraught nature of the election of 1876 and the state of race relations during the Reconstruction era through his political cartoons. Illustrations of the election process indicated possible corruption, while others critiqued the racial violence and white supremacist efforts that hindered Reconstruction progress.
Explanation:
Political cartoonists like Thomas Nast played a significant role in commenting on the issues of their time through imagery and satire. The cartoons from the Reconstruction era reveal the complexities and tensions present during this period in American history.
The election of 1876 was particularly contentious, with allegations of fraud and the eventual compromise that resolved it. Cartoonist Joseph Keppler depicted this election to suggest the underhandedness and possibly the disrespect for the democratic process that occurred. The themes in such cartoons often pertain to the duplicitous nature of politics and the erosion of trust in the electoral system.
With regards to race relations in the 'New' South, Nast's cartoons critiqued the persistent racial violence and attempts by white supremacist groups to undermine Reconstruction efforts. An example of this is Nast's depiction of the White League and the Ku Klux Klan shaking hands, symbolizing their combined efforts to promote white supremacy and subjugate Black individuals, which was contrary to the official values of equality and justice being promoted at the time.
__________ represents an outward-oriented, simplistic grappling with external forces that are construed to include fate and a supreme being. It is the culture-level reflection of the belief structures that form part of a psychological constellation that aids citizens to mobilize psychologically to confront environmental difficulties.
The correct answer is dynamic externality
Dynamic externalities, which capture how much the past environment affects local growth in the present. In this way, the economies of agglomeration, in addition to being static, can also be dynamic.
When in a literature review is it appropriate to devote one or more paragraphs to a particular author s work?
Question Options:
a) it is the first study discussed
b) the author is important in the field
c) weaknesses or methods explain differences in results
d) the review include few sources
Answer: WEAKNESSES OR METHODS EXPLAIN DIFFERENCES IN RESULTS.
Explanation: A literature review also known as a narrative review can be defined as a scholarly paper or part of one, compiled from published sources, which sums up current knowledge of a particular topic.
In a literature review, when weaknesses or methods explain differences in results, it is essential to devote one or more paragraphs to the author's work.
Answer: it is important, when the weakness or strength in the authors work, explains the differences in your results.
Explanation: This means that for a particular author work to be given a paragraph in a literature review, that means the work is has been done using one or more points that is gotten from the authors work.
In a literature work, proper acknowledgement of an author is very important, to avoid been sued for plagiarism. When an authors work is not properly referenced it won't only be an issue of plagiarism, but it won't help the readers to understand the work more better.
If a literature you review, is the main source of your point in a paper work, it is very important a paragraph is given to the literature work, so as to explain the correlation with your work, and to help the readers understand your point more better, by understanding your source of central point.
__________ refer(s) to the likelihood that individuals and groups will enjoy desired goods and services, fulfilling experiences, and opportunities for living healthy and long lives. Select one: a. Social stratification b. Style of life c. Social classes d. Life chances
Answer:
d. life chances
Explanation:
In sociology, the term social chances refers to the opportunities that one individual has to improve his/her quality of life. The more opportunities we have (or in other words, the more social chances we have), we are more likely to enjoy better services and fulfilling experiences that would allow us to have healthy, happy long lives.
Therefore, life chances refers to the likelihood that individuals and groups will enjoy desired goods and services, fulfilling experiences, and opportunities for living healthy and long lives
Americans typically find themselves to be members of two nuclear families. First is the Select one: a. family of orientation. b. family of procreation. c. dislocation. d. socialization.
Answer:
a. family of orientation
Explanation:
In sociology, the term family of orientation refers to the family we are born into, in other words, it is the family in which we are raised.
On the other hand, family of procreation refers to the family we create by marriage or by having children (in other words, when we make our own family).
However, the first family we belong, since is the one we we born into is the a. family of orientation.
At what age are boys more liking to play with larger groups of boys while girls still tend to prefer to play with one or two friends?
Answer:
Boys spend more time competing whereas girls spend more time talking. Up to age 7, boys tend to be friends with a few other boys, whereas girls play with a whole group of girls, but after age 7, boys tend to hang out in larger groups whereas girls gravitate towards a few best friends. Playing separately maintains and increases differences in how boys and girls interact.
From the sociological perspective, wearing soiled clothing might be viewed as violating a Select one: a. law. b. more c. folkway. d. sanction.
Answer:
c. folkway
Explanation:
In sociology, the term folkway refers to the conventions we have in our daily life. In other words, it refers to the conventions a culture has of what's appropriate or not in society and this provides a "traditional" way of behavior.
In this example, we are asked how wearing soiled clothing might be viewed from a sociological perspective. We can see that wearing soiled clothing is viewed as something not appropriate in our society and doing this can be viewed as going against a social convention ("you need to wear clean clothes in public").
Therefore, from the sociological perspective, wearing soiled clothing might be viewed as violating a c. folkway.
What a difference a few years makes – over and over again. Fluctuations in the price of oil is an area that impacts just about every organization and individual worldwide in some way– whether they are truly aware of it or not.
In today's world, the most significant social responsibility issue in the oil commodity market is to be safe and secure for the environment and cost-efficient for the consumers. Oil companies face pressure to improve performance towards society.
Thorsten Veblen documents how Select one: a. conspicuous consumption is an accurate measure of the total wealth of the individual. b. relative success can become an established end. c. self-esteem is not connected to high status. d. conspicuous leisure has no role in the social ranking of the individual.
Answer:
d. conspicuous leisure has no role in the social ranking of the individual.
Explanation:
Consumption is a remarkable term that was introduced in his 1899 book' The Theory of Leisure class' by the Norwegian-American economist and sociologist Thorstein Veblen. Instead of meeting the true needs of consumers, the term refers to consumers who purchase costly articles that demonstrate income and wealth.He was interested in economic, social and cultural relations. He examined the social structure and assumed that people were making purchases to show others their economic condition and achievements. Veblen criticized and questioned the rich's consumption habits.
While action research is gaining popularity among students, why is this methodological approach controversial among more traditional social scientists?
Answer:
It is aligned with values, challenging objectivity.
Explanation:
Action research is highly controversial among more traditional social scientist because they believe that action research is not channel or tailored to take into consideration the limitations of the actual scenario or situation. They also believe that action research adheres to an ideal-type model, which is not the case in real life. Finally, this model is controversial because social scientists believe that it is simply aligned with values and challenges objectivity.
conflict theory attributed to Emile Durkheim b. a sociological perspective c. a generalized explanation d. attributed to Auguste Comte
Answer:
b. a sociological perspective
Explanation:
Conflict theory is a sociological and social psychological perspective that highlights a materialist view of history, the dialectic technique of assessment, the crucial position of established social structures and the political doctrine of revolution or at least restructure.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Sociological perspective
Conflict theories are perspectives in sociology and social psychology their main area of emphasize is how history is intetpreted and a critical look at how existing social arrangements, and political program of reforms. Also how social class conflicts are started
Émile Durkheim sociological perspective to this was that he saw society as a functioning organism. He believed that the chief form of social conflict that was crime. Durkheim saw crime as "a factor in public health, an integral part of all healthy societies.
Flowers are sometimes cut and used in decorative, fresh arrangements. Keeping in mind that cut flowers have a relatively short shelf life and are sensitive to extreme temperature, in which zone would cut flowers thrive?
Answer:
Cut flowers would thrive in tierra templada.
Explanation:
Cut flowers, which have a relatively short shelf life and are sensitive to extreme temperatures, would thrive in tierra templada zone in the tropics; tierra templada is known to have moderate temperatures that are neither too hot nor too cold, and would help cut flowers grow at their best because it has a temperate climate.
Compare the impacts these two organizations have had on the federal bureaucracy. How has each helped shape the activities and identity of the executive branch? Which do you think has had a greater impact on the bureaucracy? Provide evidence to support your opinion.
This question is incomplete; here´s the complete question.
Select one pair of organizations:
Pair 1
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
National Security Agency (NSA)
Pair 2
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
Pair 3
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
National Park Service (NPS)
Pair 4
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Compare the impacts these two organizations have had on the federal bureaucracy. How has each helped shape the activities and identity of the executive branch? Which do you think has had a greater impact on the bureaucracy? Provide evidence to support your opinion.
Answer:
Pair of organizations selected:
Pair 4 : Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
Explanation:
Since the three cabinet departments established by George Washington in 1789, the federal bureaucracy has grown into a full sructure that includes many departments, agencies, governmental corporations, and administrations that tmanage the government.
The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) were born under President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal project, and still remain a fundamental part of American bureaucracy.
The FDIC is key to allow American people to trust in their financial institutions, as it has been keeping banks insured since 1933.
However, the Federal Trade Commission impact on the federal bureaucracy might be considered greater, due to the stimulation of economical relationships, even between the executive branch and the financial sector, both providing education for consumers, and making sure that businesses obey the law and use fair business practices.
The impact of specific organizations like the Federal Reserve or NRA on the federal bureaucracy varies based on many factors. A government body like the Federal Reserve might have a more systematic impact due to direct control of major economic tools. However, interest groups can still exercise significant influence on certain issues.
Explanation:The impact of two organizations on the federal bureaucracy and the executive branch can vary greatly. To make a comparison, specific organizations need to be identified. However, in a general context, organizations such as interest groups and government agencies all have varying degrees of impact on the federal bureaucracy and the executive branch.
For example, the Federal Reserve, an independent agency within the federal government, has a huge impact on the economy, and by extension the bureaucracy, by controlling monetary policy. On the other hand, an interest group like the National Rifle Association (NRA), although external to the government, can influence laws and policies through lobbying and monetary contributions.
The extent of impact is also dependent on the prevailing political climate, the specific issues at hand, and the administration in charge at the time. I think an inherent governmental organization like the Federal Reserve has a greater systematic impact on policy and the bureaucracy, as it has direct control over major economic tools. This is not to downplay the significant influence interest groups such as the NRA can possess, particularly on certain issues and during specific political eras.
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The Rochester Raging Rhinos Professional Soccer Team is hoping for a good 2010 season. The blend of experienced and young, energetic players should make for a solid team.The current ages for the team are:
Classes Frequency
19-21 2
21-23
23-25 6
25-27 3
27-29
29-31 4
31-33 3
33-35 1
35-37 1
The Rochester Raging Rhinos soccer team is set for success in the 2010 season with a mix of experienced and young players focusing on honing gross motor skills and benefiting from physical activity.
The Rochester Raging Rhinos Professional Soccer Team has a blend of experienced and young players for the 2010 season, aiming for success.
Gross motor skills are essential for youths playing soccer and are honed through the sport.Physical activity in soccer benefits participants in various aspects of their lives.Which of the following is characteristic of the permissive-indulgent parenting style? very loving and involved in the child’s life failure to set meaningful limits or controls for the child spoils the child all of the above
I've worked in Daycares and dealt with all types of parents. This permissive or indulgent parenting is not an easy one to over come, not really for the paremts, it creates long lasting hardships and mental barriers for the child. It's charaterized by high responsiveness to the child's emotional state, and low demanding ability in terms of setting boundaries and rules. Often times they don't follow through and sometimes won't even suggest the idea of a limitation on their kids activities.
The argument below may be valid or exhibit the converse or the inverse error. Use symbols to write the logical form of the argument. If the argument is valid, identify the rule of inference that guarantees its validity. Otherwise, state whether the converse or the inverse error is made. If this computer program is correct, then it produces the correct output when run with the test data my teacher gave me. This computer program produces the correct output when run with the test data my teacher gave me. ∴ This computer program is correct. Let p = "this computer program is correct" and q = "this computer program produces the correct output when run with the test data my teacher gave me."
p -> q
q
. p
. .
Invalid argument
converse error
Write the negation, contrapositive, converse, and inverse for the following statement. (Assume that all variables represent fixed quantities or entities, as appropriate.)
If today is New Year's Eve, then tomorrow is January.
Answer:
Negation = Pn ¬q
Contrapositive = ¬q = ¬p
Converse = q=p
Inverse = ¬p = ¬q
Explanation:
If today is new year's, then tomorrow is January.
Let P = If today is new year's eve
q = tomorrow is January
Negation of q = ¬q
The statement is represented as P=q
Negation ; today is new year's eve (p), then tomorrow is not January (¬q)
Negation = Pn ¬q
Contrapositive ; If tomorrow is not January (¬q), then today is not new year's eve(¬p)
¬q = ¬p
Converse ; If tomorrow is January, then today is new year's eve i.e if q then p
= q=p
Inverse ; if today is not new year's eve, then tomorrow is not January
if not p, then not q ; ¬p = ¬q
Final answer:
The logical transformations of a conditional statement regarding New Year's Eve and January 1st include negation, contrapositive, converse, and inverse, each altering the original statement to explore logical relationships and their implications in reasoning.
Explanation:
The original statement given is 'If today is New Year's Eve, then tomorrow is January 1st.' The various logical forms derived from this statement include the negation, contrapositive, converse, and inverse. These logical transformations help us understand the relationship between statements and their conditional aspects in logic.
Negation: This is not true that if today is New Year's Eve, then tomorrow is January 1st.Contrapositive: If tomorrow is not January 1st, then today is not New Year's Eve. The contrapositive of a conditional statement reverses and negates both the hypothesis and the conclusion of the original statement, preserving its truth value.Converse: If tomorrow is January 1st, then today is New Year's Eve. The converse swaps the hypothesis and the conclusion of the original statement.Inverse: If today is not New Year's Eve, then tomorrow is not January 1st. The inverse negates both the hypothesis and the conclusion of the original statement.Understanding these logical transformations is essential in mathematical reasoning and helps in developing critical thinking skills.
The Teharians want to build another bridge next to the Golden Great Bridge. In the spring, it would have the same length as the Golden Great Bridge. However, in the summer, it should increase its length by 2.30 m. What substance should be used to build the new bridge?
Answer: Aluminum
Explanation: When given the coefficients for linear expansion (α) for each material:
Aluminum 2.4×10−5
Brass 2.0×10−5
Copper 1.7×10−5
Glass 0.4−0.9×10−5
Quartz 0.04×10−5
Plug the values into the equation: ΔL=α·L·ΔT
Once completed, select the material with a coefficient of thermal expansion that allows for the desired thermal expansion (2.3 m)
Identify the null hypothesis and the research hypothesis for each of the following statement. Class A high school basketball teams who employ a sports psychologist will have a higher proportion of wins over the course of the season than comparable teams who do not employ a sports psychologist. The null Hypothesis: The Research Hypothesis:
Answer:
The answer is Research Hypothesis
Explanation:
A research hypothesis is a predictive statement about the possible outcome of a research that explains facts and relationship between two or more variables. It identifies the differences between groups on a variable or relationships between variables.
This research hypothesis shows difference in the wins of basketball teams that have sport psychologist and basketball teams that do not employ sport psychologist.
Joe comes to the counseling center with complaints of "overwhelming anxiety" in social situations. After an initial interview, the psychologist asks Joe to complete a homework assignment: identify the nature of the situations in which he is anxious. He is asked to recall what happens just before he becomes anxious and what happens immediately after he becomes anxious. What would the psychologist be trying to find out about Joe’s anxiety attacks?
A)The internal, enduring states maintaining the emotional reaction
B)The negative reinforcers present before the anxiety is experienced
C)The classically conditioned extinction response that precedes the behavior
D)The antecedents and consequences of the behavior that are maintaining it
Answer:
The answer is D) The antecedents and consequences of the behavior that are maintaining it.
Explanation:
What the psychologist would be trying to find out about Joe’s anxiety attacks in social situations are his reactions when he arrives at social settings, his uncontrollably anxious behaviour after he sits or stays in social settings, and the aftermath or consequences of maintaining anxiety.
________ is not a sociological approach to understanding deviance. Select one: a. Cultural transmission theory b. Anomie theory c. Hereditary predisposition perspective d. Labeling perspective
Answer:c. Hereditary predisposition perspective
Explanation: According to Hereditary predisposition perpective some people have increased likelihood of getting affected by certain diseases due to their inherited genes or due to their genetic composition. A genetic predisposition means one's genetic characteristics will have an influence on how the environmental conditions affects them. People may be in a same environment but one person may be greatly affected by that environment due to the inherited genes that are prone to get affected by certain diseases.
Answer:
c. Hereditary predisposition perspective.
Explanation:
Deviance is defined as the behavior that is contrary, not inline with the dominant norms of the society.
Hereditary predisposition perspective is not a sociological approach to understanding deviance because it is likened to genetic predisposition.
On an Agile project the steering team is often responsible for ensuring that the needs and wants of the various constituents in the customer organization are identified and prioritized and that project progress and decisions continually support the customer's desires.
True/False
Answer: False, this is the role of the senior customer representative
Explanation: In an agile project, there are 4 distinct roles. In large organizations, each role is filled by 1 or more people. In smaller organizations one person may be in charge of more than one role. They are the steering team, the customer representative, the sponsor and the project officer.
The steering team: this serves in a leadership capacity during a project. They usually hold a senior management position such as the chief Executive officer. They ensure than the project is in keeping with the organization's strategic plan and achieves what it is meant to.
The customer representative: this roles ensures that the needs and wants of the customers are identified and prioritized. New developments and decisions must also meet customers’ requirements.
Which is true about Social Contract theory and Kantianism (check all that apply):
O Both are rule based
O Both view a proposed rule as acceptable by considering the net happiness that would result if everyone in similar situations followed the rule.
O Both are classified under Objectivism philosophy
O In Social Contract theory, adopted rules are enforced to protect rights of the members of society
Contractualism is an approach to ethics and political philosophy based on the theory of social contracts. Therefore, philosophers who seek to explain the origin of society and the foundation of political power in a social contract between individuals (whether implicit or explicit) are called “contractualists”, marking the end of the natural state and the beginning of life. social and political.
The entire current dissertation of the modern philosopher Immanuel Kant revolves around the answer to the question about enlightenment. Kant begins with the term enlightenment itself, which "is man's exit from his minority". What produces such a minority is the man himself, who cannot get out of his mediocre condition and take the courage to use himself without needing the help of others. The minority of man affects him in all fields: in politics, in society, at work.
Social Contract theory and Kantianism are both rule-based ethical theories with different focuses; Social Contract theory emphasizes agreements among individuals to protect societal rights, while Kantianism values duty and respect for individuals as ends. They do not primarily assess rules based on the net happiness from adherence.
The question concerns the principles of Social Contract theory and Kantianism, both of which are significant in the field of political philosophy and ethics. Social Contract theory posits that ethical and political rules are based on a contractual agreement among rational and self-interested individuals to form a society. Kantianism, or Deontology, suggests that moral actions are grounded in duty and the necessity to follow absolute moral rules, respecting individuals’ autonomy and treating them as ends in themselves.
Both are rule based.In Social Contract theory, adopted rules are enforced to protect rights of the members of society.Contrary to one of the given options, Kantianism and Social Contract theory assess the acceptability of a proposed rule differently: Kantianism does not consider the net happiness that results from everyone following a rule, which contrasts with utilitarian approaches. Furthermore, neither Kantianism nor Social Contract theory are accurately classified under Objectivism philosophy.
Match each term to the corresponding example. Drag each item on the left to its matching item on the right. a. deductive reasoning b. both inductive and deductive reasoningc. inductive reasoning 1. A student studying the chemical contents of chocolate speculates that dark chocolate should make dogs sicker than milk chocolate2. A dog, having gotten a bite of chocolate cake off a counter, returns eagerly to the same spot two hours later.3. After seeing her dog eat chocolate and later get sick, a child tells a playmate that chocolate is bad for dogs. "
Answer:
(A). Deductive reasoning: A student studying the chemical contents of chocolate speculates that dark chocolate should make dogs sicker than milk chocolate.
(B). Both inductive and deductive reasoning: A dog, having gotten a bite of chocolate cake off a counter, returns eagerly to the same spot two hours later.
(C). Inductive reasoning: After seeing her dog eat chocolate and later get sick, a child tells a playmate that chocolate is bad for dogs.
Explanation:
Deductive reasoning involves analyzing a situation or event based on one or more generally accepted principles, to arrive at a logical and specific conclusion.
Inductive reasoning involves observing specific events or occurrences and then coming to a conclusion based on those events. For example a child concludes that chocolate is bad for dogs after she sees her dog eat one and fall sick.
The matching of reasoning to examples is as follows: 1) Deductive reasoning corresponds to the speculation that dark chocolate would make dogs sicker than milk chocolate. 2) Inductive reasoning is shown by the child's generalization that chocolate is bad for dogs after seeing her dog get sick. 3) The dog's behavior demonstrates both inductive and deductive reasoning.
Explanation:The process of matching the terms to the corresponding examples is as follows:
Deductive Reasoning- This involves logical reasoning from a general information to a specific conclusion. Therefore, the example 'A student studying the chemical contents of chocolate speculates that dark chocolate should make dogs sicker than milk chocolate' could be deductive reasoning as it starts with a generalized conclusion and speculates on a specific outcomeInductive Reasoning - This is a method of drawing general conclusions based on observations of specific events. Hence the example 'After seeing her dog eat chocolate and later get sick, a child tells a playmate that chocolate is bad for dogs.' is indicative of inductive reasoning. Here, the child observes a specific event (dog gets sick after eating chocolate) and draws a general conclusion (chocolate is bad for dogs).Both Inductive and Deductive Reasoning - 'A dog, having gotten a bite of chocolate cake off a counter, returns eagerly to the same spot two hours later.' fits into both categories because the dog utilized deductive reasoning to determine the place of the cake, but the interpretation of the event can also be considered inductive reasoning as it infers general behavior of dogs when they like something.Learn more about Reasoning here:https://brainly.com/question/37007007
For each of the following arguments, indicate whether it is valid or invalid, strong or weak.Social welfare is by definition a handout to people who have not worked for it. But giving people money that they have not earned through labor is not helping anyone. It follows then that social welfare does not help anyone.
Answer:Valid argument
Explanation:A valid argument is drawn from when premises are true , so if premises are true it follows that the conclusion can't be false as long as it is drawn from true premises . The logical truth from the premises leaf to a true conclusion. Like in this case it is true that social welfare is given freely to people who haven't worked for it, usually this doesn't help any individual if they keep earning without working so conclusively social welfare doesn't help an individual.
The argument that social welfare does not help anyone is logically valid but weak because its premises are contentious.
The argument presented is that social welfare does not help anyone because it gives money to people who have not worked for it. To analyze this, let's break down the argument:
Premise 1: Social welfare is by definition a handout to people who have not worked for it.
Premise 2: Giving people money that they have not earned through labor is not helping anyone.
Conclusion: Therefore, social welfare does not help anyone.
This argument is structured in a way to assert a point logically. However, let’s assess its validity and strength:
Validity: The argument is valid in a logical sense because the conclusion follows from the premises. If both premises are true, the conclusion must also be true.Strength: The argument is weak because the premises themselves are debatable and not universally accepted. For example, the definition of social welfare and the belief that giving money without labor does not help are both subjective and can be argued against with evidence of social welfare programs that have successfully aided individuals and communities.In social welfare discussions, many economists refer to concepts like the
What is the social-psychological expression for "long-term changes in behavior where attitudes have been affected, opinions modified, or prejudices altered"?
Answer:
conformity
Explanation:
Conformity in social psychology is a word used to mark long-term changes in someone's behavior, options, and beliefs in relation to others and in order to fit the group.
It can be done under the influence of the peer-pressure or under the imaginary idea of social norms that an individual has.
It shouldn't be confused with adjustment, which is an effort to cope with standards and ideas of the society to be accepted, but that doesn't need to be followed by a permanent change in character.
Attitude change refers to the process of modifying or altering one's attitudes over time. It can occur through various mechanisms, such as social influence, persuasive communication, or cognitive dissonance.
Explanation:The social-psychological expression for "long-term changes in behavior where attitudes have been affected, opinions modified, or prejudices altered" is attitude change.
Attitude change refers to the process of modifying or altering one's attitudes over time. It can occur through various mechanisms, such as social influence, persuasive communication, or cognitive dissonance. When individuals are exposed to new information, experiences, or social norms, their attitudes can shift or evolve.
For example, if a person holds a prejudiced attitude towards a particular racial or ethnic group, exposure to positive experiences or information about that group may lead to a change in their attitude, resulting in a reduction of prejudice.
Similarly, individuals can modify their opinions or beliefs through exposure to persuasive messages or by experiencing cognitive dissonance when their attitudes are inconsistent with their actions.
Which ethnic group in the United States tends to earn more, have more schooling, and be more likely to be professionally employed or own a business?
Answer: Asian American
Explanation: Asian American tends to earn more, have more schooling, and be more likely to be professionally employed or own a business