A covalent bond is formed by the attraction between the nuclei and the shared pairs of valence electrons between nonmetal atoms, and an atom's ability to form covalent bonds depends on the number of available valence electrons.
In a covalent bond, two atoms are held together by the attraction between the nuclei of a molecule's atoms and pairs of electrons between the atoms. The number of covalent bonds that an atom can form depends on the number of valence electrons in the atom.
Atoms typically form a characteristic number of covalent bonds in compounds. The shared electrons are attracted to the nuclei of both atoms, contributing to the formation of a molecule consisting of two or more atoms. Notably, covalent bonds form only between atoms of nonmetals.
The shared electrons come from the outermost shell of each atom, also known as the valence shell. When the valence electrons are shared, they create a mutual affinity that holds the atoms together, resulting in a covalent bond depicted as C:H or C-H in the simplest case.
A 1.50-liter sample of dry air in a cylinder exerts a pressure of 3.0 atmospheres at a temperature of 25°C. Without change in temperature, a piston is moved in the cylinder until the pressure in the cylinder is reduced to 1.0 atmosphere. What is the volume of the gas? (Be sure to use the correct number of significant figures.) 0.22 L 0.50 L 2.0 L 4.5 L
Answer:
4.5 L.
Explanation:
We can use the general law of ideal gas: PV = nRT.where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm.
V is the volume of the gas in L.
n is the no. of moles of the gas in mol.
R is the general gas constant,
T is the temperature of the gas in K.
If n and T are constant, and have different values of P and V:(P₁V₁) = (P₂V₂)
Knowing that:
P₁ = 3.0 atm, V₁ = 1.5 L,
P₂ = 1.0 atm, V₂ = ??? L.
Applying in the above equation(P₁V₁) = (P₂V₂)
∴ V₂ = (P₁V₁)/P₂ = (1.5 L)(3.0 atm)/(1.0 atm) = 4.5 L.
So, the right choice is: 4.5 L.
Answer:
4.5 L.
Explanation:
Think of three ways you could safely distinguish between a strong acid and a strong base.
Answer:
--Acid is the substance when dissolved in water, increases the concentration of H+ ions.
--Such compound whose chemical formula begins with H, for example HCl (Hydrochloric acid), H3BO3 (Boric acid), CH2O3 (Carbonic
acid). Although CH3COOH (Acetic acid) is an exception.
--Its less than 7.
--Bases are the proton acceptor.
--Such compounds whose chemical formula ends with OH, for example KOH (Potassium hydroxide), NaOH (Sodium hydroxide).
--Its greater than 7.
Explanation:
One can distinguish between a strong acid and a strong base by using pH paper or a pH meter, observing the reaction in a neutralization process with known substances, and testing the conductivity of the solutions.
Explanation:To distinguish between a strong acid and a strong base, one can use the following three safe methods:
Use pH paper or a pH meter. A strong acid will turn the pH paper red, indicating a pH close to 1-3, while a strong base will turn the paper blue or purple, indicating a pH close to 11-14.Use a neutralization reaction with a known substance. A strong acid will react vigorously with a known strong base, and vice versa, producing water and a salt.Use conductivity testing. Strong acids and bases will both conduct electricity well in solution due to the high concentration of ions, however, by comparing to known standards, one can differentiate between them.It's important to handle all strong acids and bases with proper safety equipment and procedures due to their corrosive nature.
Which substance produces hydroxide ions in solution?
O A.
an Arrhenius acid
OB. an Arrhenius base
O c.
a Brønsted-Lowry acid
0
OD. a Brønsted-Lowry base
O E.
0
an amphoteric substance
Answer:
An Arrhenius Base
Explanation:
The definition of this is a base that is a hydroxide ion donor.
A base is a substance that produces hydroxide ions in solutions.
A base that produces hydroxide ions in aqueous solution is also known as: A. Arrhenius bases
An Arrhenius base is a compound that increases the OH− ion concentration in aqueous solution. The reaction between an Arrhenius acid and an Arrhenius base is called neutralization and results in the formation of water and a salt.
What is Arrhenius base give example?An Arrhenius base is a substrate that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in the aqueous solution. The example for Arrhenius base is highly soluble sodium hydroxide compound in water, which dissociates to give sodium ion and hydroxide ion.
What are examples of Arrhenius acids and bases?Other examples of Arrhenius acids include sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrobromic acid (HBr), and nitric acid (HNO3). Examples of Arrhenius bases include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH).
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On the periodic table, elements are arranged according to their mass numbers. TrueFalse
Explanation:
FALSE
ITS NOT ALWAYS NECESSARY TO BE IN AN ORDER
Convert 6.33×10−6 cg to nanograms.
Using the phase diagram for H2O, which of the following correctly describes water at 0°C and 1 atm?
At the melting point. Draw a line up from 0 degrees and a line to the right from 1 atm. They meet at the line between solid and liquid... the melting point
Answer: it's boiling point!
Explanation:
Giving brainliest to correct answer!
What kind of energy does hot water have?
Answer: Thermal Energy
Explanation:
Answer:
Hot water has kinetic energy
Explanation:
That is an energy that involves movement. Kinetic energy water causes flows and make waves exist
How do I find the molar mass of Copper (II) Nitrate?
Answer:
The molar mass of copper (II) nitrate is 187.5 g/mol.
Explanation:
The molar mass is the mass of all the atoms in a molecule in grams per mole. To calculate the molar mass of a molecule, we first obtain the atomic weights from the individual elements in a periodic table. We then count the number of atoms and multiply it by the individual atomic masses.
The ions Ca2+ and PO43- form salt with the formula
Ca3(PO4)2 is the answer.
Answer : The formula for the compound is [tex]Ca_3(PO_4)_2[/tex]
Explanation :
For formation of a neutral ionic compound, the charges on cation and anion must be balanced.
The cation is formed by loss of electrons by metals and anions are formed by gain of electrons by non-metals.
In the given question, the calcium metal forms an ionic compound with polyatomic anion (phosphate) [tex]PO_4^{3-}[/tex].
Here, calcium is having an oxidation state of +2 called as [tex]Ca^{2+}[/tex] cation and phosphate [tex]PO_4^{3-}[/tex] is an anion with oxidation state of -3. The charges are not balanced. So, the charges are balanced by the cris-cross method. Thus, the compound formed will be, [tex]Ca_3(PO_4)_2[/tex]
Hence, the formula for the compound is [tex]Ca_3(PO_4)_2[/tex]
A person who has a mass of 60kg run up a flight of stairs 12m high in 20 seconds What is the weight of the person
132 pounds. As you stated, their weight is 60 kg and 60 kg = 132.77 pounds
a container holds 136.5 of SO2 at 20.°c and 125 mmHg. what will the volume of the SO2 if the pressure is decreased to 156.7 mmHg
Answer:
108.9 L.
Explanation:
We can use the general law of ideal gas: PV = nRT.where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm.
V is the volume of the gas in L.
n is the no. of moles of the gas in mol.
R is the general gas constant,
T is the temperature of the gas in K.
If n and T are constant, and have different values of P and V:(P₁V₁) = (P₂V₂).
P₁ = 125 mm Hg, V₁ = 136.5 mL,
P₂ = 156.7 mm Hg, V₂ = ??? mL.
∴ V₂ = (P₁V₁)/(P₂) = (125 mm Hg)(136.5 mL)/(156.7 mm Hg) = 108.9 L.
what is responsible for the intense heat and pressure in the sun's core?
Answer:
Nuclear Fusion
Explanation:
This creates heat and protons that can heat up the sun
The core is composed of hot, dense plasma. The process nuclear fusion is responsible for the intense heat and pressure in the sun's core.
What is nuclear fusion?The process in which two lighter nuclei fuse together to form a heavier nucleus with the simultaneous release of a huge amount of energy is defined as the nuclear fusion.
Some mass is always lost during this process and this is converted into energy in accordance with Einstein's equation, E = mc². This huge amount of energy is released.
The fusion reactions are common in the interior of stars. The energy of our sun is believed to arise from a number of complex fusion steps. The net reaction is:
4 (₁¹H) → ₂⁴He + 2 (₊₁⁰e) + energy
During nuclear fusion in the core photons and neutrinos are released. These particles carry and emit the light, heat and energy of the sun.
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what happens to the atomic number of an atom as you go across a period of the periodic table from left to right
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\text{The atomic number increases}}[/tex]
Explanation:
That's because each time you move one atom to the right, you add a proton to the nucleus, and the atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus.
Which type of decay has the greatest mass?
A.
alpha
B. beta
gamma
D.
nuclear
Answer:
Alpha has the greatest mass- A.
Answer: The correct answer is Option A.
Explanation:
For the given options:
Option 1: AlphaAlpha decay is defined as the process in which alpha particle is emitted. In this process, a heavier nuclei decays into a lighter nuclei. The alpha particle released carries a mass of 4 units.
[tex]_Z^A\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z-2}^{A-4}\textrm{Y}+_2^4\alpha[/tex]
Option 2: BetaBeta decay is defined as the process in which beta particle is emitted. In this process, a neutron gets converted to a proton and an electron. The beta particle does not have any mass.
[tex]_Z^A\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z+1}^A\textrm{Y}+_{-1}^0\beta[/tex]
Option 3: GammaGamma decay is defined as the process in which an unstable nuclei gives off excess energy by a spontaneous electromagnetic process and thus releases [tex]\gamma -radiations[/tex]. These radiations does not have any mass.
[tex]_Z^A\textrm{X}^*\rightarrow _Z^A\textrm{X}+_0^0\gamma[/tex]
Option D: NuclearNuclear reactions are defined as the reactions in which change of nucleus takes place.
Hence, the correct answer is Option A.
which element was first discovered on the sun?
the element first discovered in the sun is the element Helium. This noble gas is the second most abundant element in the universe and was discovered on the sun before it was discovered on the earth.
hope this helps :)
How many grams of potassium chloride are there in 1445.71 mL of 2.47 M KCI?
Answer:
266.2 g.
Explanation:
Molarity is the no. of moles of solute per 1.0 L of the solution.M = (no. of moles of KCl)/(Volume of the solution (L))
M = 2.47 M.
no. of moles of KCl = ??? mol,
Volume of the solution = 1445.71 mL = 1.44571 L.
∴ (2.47 M) = (no. of moles of KCl)/(1.44571 L)
∴ (no. of moles of KCl) = (2.47 M)*(1.44571 L) = 3.571 mol.
To find the mass of KCl, we can use the relation:no. of moles of KCl = mass/molar mass
∴ mass of KCl = (no. of moles of KCl)*(molar mass) = (3.571 mol)*(74.55 g/mol) = 266.2 g.
What do all ions have in common in terms of their electrical structure?????
Answer:
The ratio between protons to electrons is not 1:1
Explanation:
A normal atom will be neutral in charge having 1 electron for each atom. An Atom that gains or looses an electron loses that perfect ratio. It is positive is electrons are loss and negative if electrons are gained.
value:
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Enter your answer in the provided bor.
Calculate the height of a column of ethylene glycol (CH(OH)CH(OH)) that would be supported by
atmospheric pressure. The density of ethylene glycol is 1.112 g/cm
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\text{9.170 m}}[/tex]
Explanation:
The pressure p exerted by a column of liquid is given by the formula
p = hρg
where
h = height of column
ρ = density of liquid
g = acceleration due to gravity
Data:
p = 1 bar = 100 kPa = 10⁵ N·m⁻² = 10⁵ kg·m⁻¹s⁻²
ρ = 1.112 g·cm⁻³ = 1112 kg·m⁻³
g = 9.807 m·s⁻²
Calculation:
10⁵ = h × 1112 × 9.807
10⁵ = 1.091 × 10⁴ h
h = 9.170 m
[tex]\text{The height of a column of ethylene glycol that would be supported by an}\\\\\text{atmospheric pressure of 1 bar is }\boxed{\textbf{9.170 m}}[/tex]
In the reaction 2NaCl + 2H2O → 2NaOH + C12 + H2, the reactants should:
weigh more than the products because the reaction isn't perfect.
weigh less than the products because mass is lost.
weigh the same as the products.
weigh more because Cl2 and H2 are gases.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Tough question. Both Cl2 and H2 are gases. Everything depends on what the water is. If it's a liquid, then D is the answer. If it's a gas, then you have to be a little more careful.
2H2O = 2 * 18 = 36.
Cl2 = 2*Cl = 2 * 35.5
Cl2 = 71
So D is still the answer.
Answer: weigh the same as the products.
Explanation:
According to the law of conservation of mass, mass can neither be created nor be destroyed. Thus the mass of products has to be equal to the mass of reactants. The number of atoms of each element has to be same on reactant and product side. Thus chemical equations are balanced.
[tex]2NaCl+2H_2O\rightarrow 2NaOH+Cl_2+H_2[/tex]
Given:
Mass of products = Mass of sodium hydroxide + mass of chlorine + mass of hydrogen = 2(40)+1(71)+2(1)= 153 g
Mass of reactants = Mass of sodium chloride + mass of water = 2(58.5)++2(18)= 153 g
Thus the total mass of reactants is equal to the total mass of products.
blank may be rinsed over materials to wash off explosive residue
Acetone may be rinsed over materials to wash off explosive residue.
How rinsed over materials to wash off explosive residue?The real solution to the residue issue is to use methods that actually rinse away cleaner.
Some solvents and steam vapor systems are examples of residue-free chemistry. Completely water soluble and rinseable, soap-free products for carpet and hard floor care are a valuable part of the professional cleaner’s arsenal of residue-free cleaners.
In clean areas, all exposed surfaces should be smooth, impervious and unbroken in order to minimize the shedding or accumulation of particles or microorganisms and to permit the repeated application of cleaning agents, and disinfectants where used.
Acetone may be rinsed over materials to wash off the explosive residue. This can then be analyzed by x-ray techniques. Advance in explosives that has been proposed. Use of small color chips. These chips would be added to explosive materials available to the public.
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Natural resources like oil and copper metal take a very long time to form. Because of this, they are known as A) fossil fuels. B) vital resources. C) renewable resources. D) non-renewable resources.
Answer:
d) non-renewable resources
Explanation:
A natural resource such as coal, gas, or oil that, once consumed, cannot be replaced. Most energy resources currently in use are non-renewable while the renewable ones (such as wind and solar power) are not well developed. Also called depletable resource.
Answer: Non renewable resources.
Explanation: The non renewable resources can be defined as the resources that once used cannot be replenished. The resources like oil and copper takes very long time to form and this makes it non-renewable.
The natural resources like oil takes a long time to form inside the ocean and its extraction is also done after long time because its formation takes time.
What is the name of this molecule?
Answer:
The answer to this question is heptane.
Explanation:
The name of the molecule will be 6-ethyl octan-2-ene.
What is 6-ethyl octan-2-ene?6-ethyl octan-2-ene is kind of organic molecule in which 8 carbon atom is exit. At C-6 carbon ethyl group is attached.
What is molecule?A molecule would be a collection of two and more components bound atoms, whether they are from an identical element or another.
It can be seen that the longest chain of the molecule is C-8 and at C-2 carbon atom double bond is present . So it can be named as octan-2-ene . Due to the attachment of ethyl group with C-6 carbon atom it will be name as 6-ethyl octan-2-ene
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if two atoms are isotopes of the same element, they have the same number of ______ but will have different numbers of ____
A: protons; neutrons
B: neutrons; electrons
C: neutrons; protons
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
if it's the same element the protons will always be the same, but have different neutrons, and neutrons is made up of protons and atomic mass, which atomic mass numbers can be calculated different where in return gives different numbers of neutrons.
EX: say the element is carbon, carbon has 6 protons and that won't change, but carbon can have an atomic mass of 12, 13, or 14, etc. so when you make up the neutrons you add protons and atomic mass, 6 + 12 = 18 N
6 + 13 = 19 N
6 + 14 = 20 N
Isotopes of a given element have the same number of protons but vary in the number of neutrons. Therefore, option A: protons; neutrons is correct.
Explanation:If two atoms are isotopes of the same element, they will have the same number of protons, but will have different numbers of neutrons. This is because all isotopes of an element will contain the same number of protons, which determines the atomic number and thus the identity of the element. However, isotopes differ in the number of neutrons in their atomic nuclei, which leads to differing atomic masses. Hence, the correct choice is A: protons; neutrons.
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What is the mass in grams of 0.000142 mole of vitamin C
Answer:
0.16 rounded
Explanation:
I used a calculator to get this answer, one that compared grams and mol.
The mass of 0.000142 mole of vitamin C is approximately 0.025 grams. This is derived by multiplying the number of moles by the molar mass of vitamin C, which is 176.124 g/mol.
The mass in grams of 0.000142 mole of vitamin C can be calculated by using the formula:
Mass (grams) = number of moles x molar mass (g/mol)
Calculating the Mass of Vitamin C
We have 0.000142 mole of vitamin C, and the molar mass of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is 176.124 g/mol. By multiplying these values, we get:
Mass = 0.000142 moles x 176.124 g/mol = 0.025010168 grams
Therefore, the mass of the recommended daily dietary allowance of vitamin C for children aged 4-8 years is approximately 0.025 grams.
How many grams of phosphorus are in 500.0 grams of calcium phosphide? (i need the work also)
Final answer:
To find the grams of phosphorus in 500.0 grams of calcium phosphide, the molar mass of calcium phosphide is calculated, followed by the number of moles in the sample. The mole ratio then gives the moles of phosphorus, which is finally converted to grams, resulting in approximately 169.35 grams of phosphorus.
Explanation:
To determine the number of grams of phosphorus in 500.0 grams of calcium phosphide, we need to follow these steps:
Find the molecular formula of calcium phosphide which is Ca₃P₂.Calculate the molar mass of Ca₃P₂ by adding the molar masses of all the atoms present in the formula. The molar mass of calcium (Ca) is 40.08 g/mol and the molar mass of phosphorus (P) is 30.97 g/mol, therefore:Therefore, there are approximately 169.35 grams of phosphorus in 500.0 grams of calcium phosphide.
A gas occupies a volume of 180 mL at 35.5°C and 53.9 kPa. What is the volume of gas at STP in mL?
Answer:
Volume of the gas under STP is 84.7 mL.
Assumption: the gas is ideal.
Explanation:
How many moles of particles in this gas?
Convert all units to SI units before applying the ideal gas law.
The volume shall be in cubic meters: [tex]\displaystyle V = \rm 180\;mL \times \frac{1\;\text{m}^{3}}{10^{6}\;mL} = 1.80\times 10^{-4}\;m^{3}[/tex].The temperature shall be in degrees Kelvins: [tex]T =\rm 35.5\;\textdegree{C} = (35.5 + 273.15)\;K = 308.65\;K[/tex]The pressure shall be in Pascals: [tex]\displaystyle P = \rm 53.9\;kPa \times \frac{10^{3}\;Pa}{1\;kPa} = 5.39\times 10^{4}\;Pa[/tex].The ideal gas constant: [tex]R \approx \rm 8.314\;Pa\cdot m^{3}\cdot K^{-1}\cdot mol^{-1}[/tex].
The ideal gas law:
[tex]P \cdot V = n \cdot R\cdot T[/tex]
Rearrange the ideal gas law to find the number of moles of particles [tex]n[/tex] in this gas:
[tex]\displaystyle n = \frac{P\cdot V}{R\cdot T} = \frac{5.39\times 10^{4}\times 1.80\times 10^{-4}}{8.314\times 308.65} = \rm 3.78081\times 10^{-3}\;mol[/tex].
The volume of one mole of an ideal gas under STP is 22.4 liters. The volume of [tex]\rm 3.78081\times 10^{-3}\;mol[/tex] of gas will be:
[tex]\rm 3.78081\times 10^{-3}\;mol\times 22.4\;L\cdot mol^{-1} = 0.0846901\;L = 84.7\; mL[/tex].
All three values in the question come with three significant figures. Keep more significant figures than that in calculations and round the final answer to three significant figures. Hence the answer: 84.7 mL.
___solutions are good conductors of electricity.
lonic
Covalent
Heterogeneous
Gaseous
The answer is ionic
Answer: Option (a) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
A bond where transfer of electrons take place from one atom to another is known as an ionic bond.
An ionic solution is defined as a solution in which an ionic compound is dissociated into ions.
For example, NaCl is an ionic compound and when it is dissolved in water it dissociates as [tex]Na^{+}[/tex] and [tex]Cl^{-}[/tex] ions.
As it is known that electric current is the flow of charges. Hence, a solution that contains ions will be a good conductor of electricity.
Whereas in general, a covalent solution does not contain any ions.
Thus, we can conclude that ionic solutions are good conductors of electricity.
This stage of cellular respiration ends with two ATP molecules and two NADH molecules. A. Krebs cycle B. Electron transport chain C. Calvin cycle D. Glycolysis
Answer:
D. Glycolysis
Explanation:
In glycolysis, energy is required to break a molecule of glucose into two pyruvate molecules. These two pyruvate molecules are used during pyruvate oxidation; which is stage II of cellular respiration.
During glycolysis, two molecules of ATP are used and four molecules of ATP are produced. So there is a net gain of two ATP molecules. Hydrolysis of a glucose molecule produces high energy electrons which are used to reduce two NAD+ molecules to NADH.
These two molecules are used in the citric acid cycle to produce more ATP molecules.
The stage of cellular respiration that ends with two ATP molecules and two NADH molecules is Glycolysis. Therefore, option D is correct.
Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration, occurring in the cytoplasm of the cell. It involves the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.
During glycolysis, a net gain of two ATP molecules and two NADH molecules is produced.
The ATP molecules generated in glycolysis are formed through substrate-level phosphorylation, where a phosphate group is transferred directly from a high-energy molecule to ADP, forming ATP.
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A scientist observes debris added to a landform from a melting glacier. This is evidence for which type of natural process?
A: Physical weathering
B: Chemical Weathering
C: Erosion
Or D: Deposition
Answer:
i would say deposition
whats the name of S4O6
Answer:
Sulfonic acid
Explanation:
I think this is correct
The name of the chemical formula [tex]S_4O_6[/tex] is tetrathionate.
What is [tex]S_4O_6[/tex]?The tetrathionate anion is sulfur that is produced by tetrathionic acid.
The ion has two sulfur atoms in oxidation state 0 and two sulfur atoms in oxidation state +5.
The structure of tetrathionate can be seen by following three corners of a cube.
Thus, Tetrathionate is the name of [tex]S_4O_6[/tex].
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