How many moles of electrons are required to reduce one mole of nitrogen gas (N2) to two moles of nitrogen ions (N3-)?

The Law of conservation states that the mass of the chemical reactants and products cannot be formed or removed. Mass of compound is equal to the sum of individual mass.

The conservational mass is the law that expresses that the total mass of the compound containing the various elements will always be equal to the addition of the atomic mass of the individual elements.

This suggests that the mass of the reaction is not created by the addition of any other mass or destroyed by the elimination of any mass. So, the mass of the reactants will be like that of the mass of products.

Therefore, equal to the is correct blank.

Learn more about conservational mass here:

https://brainly.com/question/13383562

Water ionizes to form hydronium (H3O+) and hydroxide (OH-) ions, a process that is reversible and produces equal numbers of H+ and OH- ions but not equal masses due to their differing molar masses. The dissociation of water is an equilibrium process involving autoionization.

When water ionizes, it does not form peroxide; instead, it ionizes to form hydronium ions (H3O+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). The dissociation of water is indeed reversible, and it does produce equal numbers of hydrogen (H+) ions and hydroxide (OH-) ions, but it does not produce equal masses of these ions due to their differing molar masses. The statement that water ionizes to form hydronium and hydroxide ions is correct, as is the statement that the dissociation of water is reversible and that it produces equal numbers of H+ and OH- ions. Water is a polar molecule, having a partial negative charge due to the oxygen's electronegativity, which allows it to attract H+ ions to form hydronium. The process of water molecules dissociating and recombining is an example of autoionization, and the equilibrium constant for the ionization of water is known as the ion-product constant for water (Kw).

https://brainly.com/question/13423427

#SPJ6

Final answer:

Water moves from high to low concentration in osmosis; in this setup, the highest water concentration is in the beaker with 5% glucose solution.

Explanation:

Water moves from areas of high concentration to low concentration in osmosis, seeking equilibrium.

In the scenario provided, the highest concentration of water would be in the beaker containing the 5% glucose solution.

This movement occurs because the 10% glucose solution inside the dialysis tubing bag has a lower water concentration compared to the 5% glucose solution outside the bag.

Answer:

Calcium will form similar kind of oxide.

Explanation:

Magnesium is an alkaline earth metal. It has two electrons in its valence shell and thus it can easily give these electrons to form dipositive ion.

Mg: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²

Mg⁺²: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ [full filled].

Now it will form monoxide with oxygen as: MgO

The calcium also belongs to same group and have two valence electrons in its outer shell and thus it can easily give these electrons to form dipositive ion.

Ca: [Ne] 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²

Ca⁺²: [Ne] 3s² 3p⁶ [full filled].

hence it will also form CaO.

For other elements

a) Silicon can form SiO₂

b) Sodium can form Na₂O

c) Aluminium can form Al₂O₃

Since the molecules can move wider apart due to the hydrogen bonds created when water freezes into ice, the ice floats in the water because it has a lower density overall.

The attractive force that the molecules below a liquid's surface exert on its surface molecules tends to drag those molecules into the bulk of the liquid, giving the liquid the shape with the least amount of surface area.

When water turns to ice, the ice loses a lot of its water-like density and continues to float on the lake's surface.

Water loses density when it grows colder below 4° Celsius, forcing water that is about to freeze to float to the top.

Therefore, This occurs as a result of the water molecules losing energy and moving less than the temperature drops.

Learn more about surface tension here:

https://brainly.com/question/571207

#SPJ2

The signs delta S, delta H and delta G for the formation of dew on a cool night are negative.

Those reactions in which one product is formed by the combination of two molecules for example water vapors condenses into liquid dropltes is a condensation process.

Dew which is formed on a cool night is an exothermic reaction as in this reaction state changes from gaseous which have high kinetic energy to liquid so some amount of energy is released during this conversion.

For an exothermic reaction values are:

ΔH = -ve (as energy is lost in the form of heat)

ΔS = -ve (randomness decreases from gaseous state to liquid state)

ΔG = -ve (shows the spontaenity of the reaction)

Hence option (H) is correct.

To know more about exothermic reaction, visit the below link:

https://brainly.com/question/6506846

To find elements with chemical properties similar to helium, we need to look for elements in the same group as helium in the periodic table. Helium belongs to Group 18 or the noble gases. Other elements in Group 18, such as neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, also have similar chemical properties to helium.

The elements in the periodic table are organized into groups (columns) based on similar chemical properties. To find elements with chemical properties similar to helium, we need to look for elements in the same group as helium in the periodic table. Helium belongs to Group 18 or the noble gases. Other elements in Group 18, such as neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, also have similar chemical properties to helium.

Answer: The mass of [tex]KO_2[/tex] needed is 19.3 grams.

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex]      .....(1)

Given mass of oxygen gas = 6.5 g

Molar mass of oxygen gas = 32 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

[tex]\text{Moles of oxygen gas}=\frac{6.5g}{32g/mol}=0.203mol[/tex]

The chemical equation follows:

[tex]4KO_2+2CO_2\rightarrow 2K_2CO_3+3O_2[/tex]

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

3 moles of oxygen gas is produced by 4 moles of [tex]KO_2[/tex]

So, 0.203 moles of oxygen gas is produced by = [tex]\frac{4}{3}\times 0.203=0.271mol[/tex] of [tex]KO_2[/tex]

Now, calculating the mass of [tex]KO_2[/tex] by using equation 1, we get:

Molar mass of [tex]KO_2[/tex] = 71.1 g/mol

Moles of [tex]KO_2[/tex] = 0.271 moles

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

[tex]0.271mol=\frac{\text{Mass of }KO_2}{71.1g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of }KO_2=(0.271mol\times 71.1g/mol)=19.3g[/tex]

Hence, the mass of [tex]KO_2[/tex] needed is 19.3 grams.

[tex]\boxed{{\text{0}}{\text{.15 mol}}}[/tex] of [tex]{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex] is present in the dilute solution.

Further Explanation:

The proportion of substance in the mixture is called concentration. The most commonly used concentration terms are as follows:

1. Molarity (M)

2. Molality (m)

3. Mole fraction (X)

4. Parts per million (ppm)

5. Mass percent ((w/w) %)

6. Volume percent ((v/v) %)

Molarity is a concentration term that is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved in one litre of the solution. It is denoted by M and its unit is mol/L.

The formula to calculate the molarity of [tex]{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex] solution is as follows:

[tex]{\text{Molarity of HN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\;{\text{solution}} = \frac{{{\text{Moles}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_3}}}{{{\text{Volume }}\left( {\text{L}} \right){\text{ of}}\;{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\;{\text{solution}}}}[/tex]            …… (1)

Rearrange equation (1) to calculate the moles of [tex]{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex].

[tex]{\text{Moles}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_3} = \left( {{\text{Molarity of HN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\;{\text{solution}}} \right)\left( {{\text{Volume of}}\;{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\;{\text{solution}}} \right)[/tex]    …… (2)

The volume of [tex]{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex] solution is to be converted into L. The conversion factor for this is,

[tex]{\text{1 mL}} = {10^{ - 3}}\;{\text{L}}[/tex]  

So the volume of [tex]{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex] solution is calculated as follows:

[tex]\begin{aligned}{\text{Volume of HN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}\;{\text{solution}}&=\left( {{\text{25 mL}}}\right)\left({\frac{{{{10}^{ - 3}}\;{\text{L}}}}{{{\text{1 mL}}}}} \right)\\&=0.02{\text{5 L}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]

The molarity of [tex]{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex] solution is 6M.

The volume of [tex]{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex] solution is 0.025 L.

Substitute these values in equation (2).

[tex]\begin{aligned}{\text{Moles}}\;{\text{of}}\;{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_3}&=\left( {{\text{6 M}}} \right)\left( {0.02{\text{5 L}}} \right)\\&=0.1{\text{5 mol}} \\ \end{aligned}[/tex]

The number of moles of [tex]{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex] in 25 mL solution is 0.15 mol.

Dilution is the conversion of a concentrated solution into a dilute solution with the addition of extra solvent but the amount of solute is unaltered. The change that arises is an increase in the volume of the solution.

In the given solution, dilution is done and the concentration of solution decreases during the process. But the number of moles of solute remains unaltered. Therefore the number of [tex]{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex] in the dilute solution is also 0.15 mol.

Learn more:

1. Calculation of volume of gas: https://brainly.com/question/3636135

2. Determine the moles of water produced: https://brainly.com/question/1405182

Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Concentration terms

Keywords: molarity, HNO3, dilution, moles of HNO3, volume, solution, 0.15 mol, concentration, 25 mL, 6 M, concentrated solution, dilute solution.

When an aqueous solution of lead(ii) nitrate (Pb(NO₃)₂) is mixed with an aqueous solution of sodium iodide (NaI), an aqueous solution of sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) and a yellow solid, lead iodide (PbI₂), are formed.

The balanced equation for the reaction is:

 Pb(NO₃)₂(aq)+2NaI(aq)→2NaNO₃(aq)+PbI₂(s)

Answer:

[tex]\frac{17}{40}[/tex] or 0.425 fraction of atoms in morphine is accounted by carbon.

Explanation:

Morphine has molecular formula of [tex]C_{17}H_{19}NO_3[/tex].

Morphine is a medicinal compound used in treatment of pain.It belongs to the family of opiate family found naturally in many plants and animals.

Number of total atoms of all elements in 1 molecule of morphine = 40

Number of carbon atoms in 1 molecule of morphine = 17

Fraction of carbon atoms in morphine:

[tex]\frac{\text{Number of carbon atoms}}{\text{Total number of atoms}}[/tex]

[tex]=\frac{17}{40}=0.425[/tex]

[tex]\frac{17}{40}[/tex] or 0.425 fraction of atoms in morphine is accounted by carbon.

After adding 46.0 mL of 0.50 M KOH to 92.0 mL of 0.25 M HBr, the solution is neutral and has a pH of approximately 7.

To determine the pH of the solution when 46.0 mL of 0.50 M KOH is added to 92.0 mL of 0.25 M HBr at 25°C, follow these steps:

Calculate the moles of HBr and KOH:

Moles of HBr: 0.25 M × 0.092 L = 0.023 moles

Moles of KOH: 0.50 M × 0.046 L = 0.023 moles

Determine the reaction completeness:

KOH completely neutralizes an equivalent amount of HBr (1:1 ratio):

0.023 moles of HBr neutralized by 0.023 moles of KOH.

Calculate the pH:

After the neutralization, there are no excess moles of acid (H+) or base (OH-), resulting in neutral pH.

The pH of the resulting solution is therefore approximately 7.

In summary, after adding 46.0 mL of 0.50 M KOH to 92.0 mL of 0.25 M HBr, the solution is neutral, with a pH of approximately 7

First, we need to calculate for the volume of potassium phosphate required to meet the desired phosphate level of 36 mmol.

V potassium phosphate = 36 mmol / (3 mmol / mL)

V potassium phosphate = 12 mL

This also contains potassium in the amounts of:

V potassium in potassium phosphate = (4.4 meq / mL) * 12 mL

V potassium in potassium phosphate = 52.8 meq

Therefore the lacking amount of potassium is 90 – 52.8 = 37.2 meq

This lacking potassium must be supplied by the potassium chloride. Calculating for volume of potassium chloride:

V potassium chloride = 37.2 meq / (2 meq / mL)

V potassium chloride = 18.6 mL             (ANSWER)

To meet the patient's potassium requirement, 18.6 ml of potassium chloride solution is needed after considering potassium provided by the potassium phosphate solution. The total potassium needs are 90 meq, with 52.8 meq provided by 12 ml of potassium phosphate. The remaining 37.2 meq is met by administering 18.6 ml of potassium chloride.

To determine how many milliliters of potassium chloride (KCl) are needed, we first need to calculate the total potassium (K) requirement not met by the potassium phosphate (K₃PO₄) solution.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Thus, 18.6 ml of potassium chloride are required to meet the patient’s potassium needs.

Answer: The gas produced will be methane gas.

Explanation:

When waste is filled in the landfills, it gets rotten and it undergoes an aerobic decomposition (In the presence of oxygen), little methane gas is produced.

When the waste remains there, i less than a year, anaerobic conditions begin to generate (in the absence of oxygen) and methane-producing bacteria begin to decompose the waste and produces methane in a large amount.

This gas is also known as marsh gas and is considered as a greenhouse gas. This gas increases the temperature of the Earth's surface.

Hence, the gas produced will be methane gas.

Final answer:

The balanced equation for the reaction of potassium with oxygen to form potassium oxide is 4 K(s) + O2(g) → 2 K2O(s), so the coefficient of oxygen (O2) is 1.

Explanation:

The student is asking about the reaction of potassium with oxygen to form potassium oxide, which contains 1 oxygen atom for every 2 atoms of potassium. To balance the chemical equation for this reaction, it is important to recognize that oxygen is diatomic (O2) and potassium forms an oxide where potassium has a 1+ charge, and oxide has a 2- charge. The formula for potassium oxide using the crisscross method becomes K2O.

The balanced equation for the reaction will be:

4 K(s) + O2(g) → 2 K2O(s)

Thus, the coefficient of oxygen (O2) in the balanced equation is 1.

Answer : The heat released during the reaction is [tex]-8.4\times 10^3kJ[/tex]

Explanation :

First we have to calculate the number of moles of octane [tex](C_8H_{18})[/tex].

[tex]\text{Moles of }C_8H_{18}=\frac{\text{Mass of }C_8H_{18}}{\text{Molar mass of }C_8H_{18}}[/tex]

Molar mass of [tex]C_8H_{18}[/tex] = 114 g/mole

[tex]\text{Moles of }C_8H_{18}=\frac{75g}{114g/mole}=0.658mole[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the heat released during the reaction.

[tex]\Delta H=\frac{q}{n}[/tex]

or,

[tex]q=\Delta H\times n[/tex]

where,

[tex]\Delta H[/tex] = enthalpy change = -5500 kJ/mol

q = heat released = ?

n = number of moles of [tex]C_8H_{18}[/tex] = 0.658 mol

Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:

[tex]q=(-5500kJ/mol)\times (0.658mol)=-8358.66kJ=-8.4\times 10^3kJ[/tex]

Therefore, the heat released during the reaction is [tex]-8.4\times 10^3kJ[/tex]

The quantity of heat released when the octane is burned completely is -3,613.5 Joules.

Given the following data:

To find the quantity of heat released when the octane is burned completely:

First of all, we would determine the number of moles of octane in this chemical reaction.

[tex]Number\;of\;moles \;(C_8H_{18})= \frac{Mass\; of\;octane}{Molar\;mass\;of\;octane}[/tex]

Substituting the values into the formula, we have;

[tex]Number\;of\;moles \;(C_8H_{18})= \frac{75}{114.23}[/tex]

Number of moles ([tex]C_8H_{18}[/tex]) = 0.657 moles.

Now, we can find the quantity of heat released when the octane is burned completely:

1 mole of octane = -5,500 kJ/mol

0.657 mole of octane = X kJ/mol

Cross-multiplying, we have:

[tex]X = -5500[/tex] × [tex]0.657[/tex]

X = -3,613.5 Joules.

Read more: https://brainly.com/question/13197037?referrer=searchResults

To determine the number of atoms in 1.85 ml of mercury, convert the volume to mass using the density of mercury. Then, calculate the number of moles of mercury using its atomic mass. Finally, use Avogadro's number to calculate the number of atoms in the given amount of mercury.

To determine the number of atoms in 1.85 ml of mercury, we need to convert the volume to mass using the density of mercury. The density of mercury is 13.5 g/ml. So, the mass of 1.85 ml of mercury is 1.85 ml x 13.5 g/ml = 24.975 g.

Next, we need to calculate the number of moles of mercury using its atomic mass. The atomic mass of mercury is 200.59 g/mol. To find the number of moles, we divide the mass (in grams) by the molar mass: 24.975 g / 200.59 g/mol = 0.1245 mol.

Finally, we can calculate the number of atoms in 0.1245 mol of mercury. Avogadro's number tells us that there are 6.022 x 10^23 atoms in 1 mol of any substance. So, the number of atoms in 0.1245 mol of mercury is 0.1245 mol x 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol = 7.49 x 10^22 atoms.