How many grams of hydrogen are necessary to react completely with 50.0 g of nitrogen

Answer:

330 mL of (NH₄)₂SO₄ are needed

Explanation:

First of all, we determine the reaction:

(NH₄)₂SO₄  +  2NaOH →  2NH₃  +  2H₂O  +  Na₂SO₄

We determine the moles of base:

(First, we convert the volume from mL to L) → 62.6 mL . 1L/1000 mL = 0.0626L

Molarity . volume (L) = 2.31 mol/L . 0.0626 L = 0.144 moles

Ratio is 2:1. Therefore we make a rule of three:

2 moles of hydroxide react with 1 mol of sulfate

Then, 0.144 moles of NaOH must react with (0.144 .1) /2 = 0.072 moles

If we want to determine the volume → Moles / Molarity

0.072 mol / 0.218 mol/L = 0.330 L

We convert from L to mL → 0.330L . 1000 mL/1L = 330 mL

Answer:

RbF>RbCl>RbBr>RbI

Explanation:

The lattice energy is an indicator of the strength of an ionic bond. It is also a rough indicator of the probability that an ionic substance will dissolve in water. The higher the lattice energy, the more difficult it is for the substance to dissolve in water.

Lattice energy depends on the relative sizes of ions present in the substance. As already known, the order of increasing sizes of halogen atoms is F<Cl<Br<I. The lesser the size, the higher the lattice energy.

Since the cation size is constant, lattice energy is only affected by increasing anion size and follows the pattern highlighted in the paragraph above. Hence RbF has the highest lattice energy and RbI has the least lattice energy.

Answer:

a) The temperature of the beaker rises as this transfer of heat goes on.

b) Check Explanation.

Explanation:

a) The heat lost by the piece of metal is normally gained by the all the components that it comes in contact with after the heating procedure.

(Heat lost by piece of metal) = (Heat gained by the cold water) + (Heat gained by the beaker).

So, since heat is also gained by the Beaker, its temperature should rise under normal conditions.

That is essentially what the zeroth law of thermodynamics about thermal equilibrium talks about.

If two bodies are at thermal equilibrium with reach other and body 2 is in thermal equilibrium with a third body, then body 1 and body 3 are also in thermal equilibrium

Temperature of the piece of metal decreases, temperature of water rises and the temperature of the beaker rises as they all try to attain thermal equilibrium.

b) In calorimetry, the aim is usually for the water (in this case) to take up all of the heat supplied by the piece of metal. Hence, the calorimeter is usually heavily insulated (or properly called lagged). Thereby, reducing the amount of heat that the calorimeter would gain.

But in cases where the heat lost to the insulated calorimeter isn't negligible, the heat capacity of the calorimeter is usually obtained and included it is included in the heat transfer calculations.

Hope this Helps!!!

The temperature of the beaker of cold water will increase due to the transfer of heat from the hot metal. In calorimetry, the heat gained by the water and the beaker is equal to the heat lost by the metal.

When the hot metal is dropped into the beaker of cold water, a heat transfer process occurs. According to the principle of conservation of energy, energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed. In this case, heat energy is transferred from the higher temperature metal to the lower temperature water and beaker.

The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of the substance by one degree Celsius. The heat lost by the metal can be calculated using the formula:

[tex]\[ q_{\text{metal}} = m_{\text{metal}} \cdot c_{\text{metal}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{metal}} \][/tex]

where [tex]\( q_{\text{metal}} \)[/tex]is the heat lost by the metal, [tex]\( m_{\text{metal}} \)[/tex] is the mass of the metal, [tex]\( c_{\text{metal}} \)[/tex] is the specific heat capacity of the metal, and [tex]\( \Delta T_{\text{metal}} \)[/tex] is the change in temperature of the metal.

Similarly, the heat gained by the water can be calculated using the formula:

[tex]\[ q_{\text{water}} = m_{\text{water}} \cdot c_{\text{water}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{water}} \][/tex]

where [tex]\( q_{\text{water}} \)[/tex] is the heat gained by the water, [tex]\( m_{\text{water}} \)[/tex] is the mass of the water,[tex]\( c_{\text{water}} \)[/tex] is the specific heat capacity of water, and [tex]\( \Delta T_{\text{water}} \)[/tex] is the change in temperature of the water.

In calorimetry, assuming no heat is lost to the surroundings, the heat lost by the metal is equal to the heat gained by the water (and the beaker, if its heat capacity is considered):

[tex]\[ q_{\text{metal}} = q_{\text{water}} + q_{\text{beaker}} \][/tex][tex]\[ m_{\text{metal}} \cdot c_{\text{metal}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{metal}} = m_{\text{water}} \cdot c_{\text{water}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{water}} + m_{\text{beaker}} \cdot c_{\text{beaker}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{beaker}} \][/tex]

Here, [tex]\( m_{\text{beaker}} \)[/tex] is the mass of the beaker, [tex]\( c_{\text{beaker}} \)[/tex] is the specific heat capacity of the beaker material, and [tex]\( \Delta T_{\text{beaker}} \)[/tex] is the change in temperature of the beaker. The temperature change of the beaker and the water will be the same if they reach thermal equilibrium.

The temperature of the beaker will rise until thermal equilibrium is reached, at which point the temperature of the metal, water, and beaker will be the same. The heat that causes the temperature of the glass beaker to rise is accounted for in calorimetry by including the beaker's mass and specific heat capacity in the calculations.

For the electrolysis of molten MgCl2, 1.57 moles of electrons (or 3.03 x 10^5 Coulombs) are required to produce 38.0 g of Mg. This would require a current of approximately 24.0 Amperes over 3.5 hours.

The electrolysis of molten MgCl2 for the isolation of magnesium from seawater by the Dow process involves a reaction where 1 mole of Mg metal is produced for every 2 moles of electrons involved. Therefore, if 38.0 g of Mg forms, which is approximately 1.57 moles (given magnesium's molar mass is 24.31 g/mol), the number of moles of electrons required is twice this amount, or approximately 3.14 moles of electrons.

Faraday's constant, which is equal to approximately 96485.332 Coulombs per mole of electrons, is used to find the amount of charge required. By multiplying the number of moles of electrons by Faraday's constant, you can find that approximately 3.03 x 10^5 Coulombs are required.

Current, measured in Amperes (A), is a measure of the amount of charge passing a point in a circuit per unit time. Therefore, to find the current necessary to produce this amount in 3.5 hours (or 12600 seconds), divide the total charge required by the time, giving approximately 24.0 A

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Answer:

ΔHrxn = -1.9kJ

Explanation:

Considering the 3 elementary equations

Cancelling out O2 From equation 1 reactant and equation 2 product,

Also

Cancelling out CO2 From equation 1 and 3 product and equation 2 reactant..

Finally

Cancelling out 2CO From equation 2 product and 2CO from equation 3 reactant..

This will give us an overall equation that is due to arithmetic addition of equation 1,2&3

Hence

C(diamond) → C(graphite)

ΔHrxn= -395.4+566.0-172.5 = -1.9kJ

ΔHrxn = -1.9kJ

The enthalpy changes for the conversion of diamond to graphite at 1 atm and 25°C is [tex]\( \Delta H = -1.9 \text{ kJ} \)[/tex].

The reactions given are:

1. [tex]\( \text{C(diamond)} + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g) \quad \Delta H = -395.4 \text{ kJ} \)[/tex]

2. [tex]\( 2 \text{CO}_2(g) \rightarrow 2 \text{CO}(g) + \text{O}_2(g) \quad \Delta H = 566.0 \text{ kJ} \)[/tex]

3. [tex]\( \text{C(graphite)} + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g) \quad \Delta H = -393.5 \text{ kJ} \)[/tex]

4. [tex]\( 2 \text{CO}(g) \rightarrow \text{C(graphite)} + \text{CO}_2(g) \quad \Delta H = -172.5 \text{ kJ} \)[/tex]

To find [tex]\( \Delta H \)[/tex] for [tex]\( \text{C(diamond)} \rightarrow \text{C(graphite)} \)[/tex], we can reverse reaction 3 and add it to reaction 1. This will cancel out [tex]CO_2[/tex] (g) and [tex]O_2[/tex] (g), leaving us with the desired reaction:

[tex]\[ \text{C(diamond)} + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g) \quad \Delta H = -395.4 \text{ kJ} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ -\text{C(graphite)} + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g) \quad \Delta H = 393.5 \text{ kJ} \][/tex]

Adding these two equations gives us:

[tex]\[ \text{C(diamond)} + \cancel{\text{O}_2(g)} \rightarrow \cancel{\text{CO}_2(g)} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ -\text{C(graphite)} - \cancel{\text{O}_2(g)} \rightarrow \cancel{\text{CO}_2(g)} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \text{C(diamond)} \rightarrow \text{C(graphite)} \][/tex]

And the enthalpy change for the desired reaction is the sum of the enthalpy changes for the two reactions:

[tex]\[ \Delta H = (-395.4 \text{ kJ}) + (393.5 \text{ kJ}) \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \Delta H = -1.9 \text{ kJ} \][/tex]

Answer:+1/2 and -1/2.

Explanation:the presence of an external magnetic field (B0), two spin states exist, +1/2 and -1/2.

The magnetic moment of the lower energy +1/2 state is aligned with the external field, but that of the higher energy -1/2 spin state is opposed to the external field.

The intermediate deshielding, when two methyl protons align with Bo and one opposes, breaking methylene protons into a quartet, is indicated by the second furthest peak in the ¹H NMR spectrum of chloroethane.

Understanding the spin-spin splitting in the ¹H NMR spectrum of chloroethane requires recognizing that the methylene (-CH₂-) protons are split into a quartet by the neighboring methyl (-CH₃) protons. These four peaks arise due to the interactions of the methylene protons with the three methyl protons, leading to different possible alignments.

The quartet results from the following combinations where the external magnetic field (Bo) is considered:

Focusing on the second farthest peak downfield, this corresponds to the scenario where two of the methyl protons are aligned with Bo, and one is opposed. This configuration causes intermediate deshielding, placing this peak slightly less downfield than the most deshielded single proton state.

Answer:

55g NH₄Cl / 100g Water

Explanation:

Solubility of a substance define the amount of solute per solvent in a saturated solution. The solution can dissolve additional solute if heated.

In the problem, as the first crystal appears at 61°C the solubility in this temperature is the concentration of the solution, that is:

2,75g NH₄Cl / 5,0g water ₓ 100 = 55g NH₄Cl / 100g Water

I hope it helps!

The solubility of ammonium chloride at 61°C is 55 grams per 100 grams of water.

The solubility of ammonium chloride at 61°C is 2.75 grams per 5 grams of water, which can be expressed as a ratio to find the solubility per 100 grams of water.

To find the solubility per 100 grams of water, we can set up a proportion:

[tex]\[\frac{2.75 \text{ g NH}_4\text{Cl}}{5 \text{ g water}} = \frac{x \text{ g NH}_4\text{Cl}}{100 \text{ g water}}\][/tex]

Now, we solve for [tex]\(x\)[/tex]:

[tex]\[x = \frac{2.75 \text{ g NH}_4\text{Cl}}{5 \text{ g water}} \times 100 \text{ g water}\] \[x = \frac{2.75}{5} \times 100\] \[x = 0.55 \times 100\] \[x = 55\][/tex]

The answer is: 55.

Answer:

N2

Explanation:

The nitrogen element exists as N₂ molecule in the atmosphere which is a major constituent of air.

It is defined as a substance which cannot be broken down further into any other substance. Each element is made up of its own type of atom. Due to this reason all elements are different from one another.

Elements can be classified as metals and non-metals. Metals are shiny and conduct electricity and are all solids at room temperature except mercury. Non-metals do not conduct electricity and are mostly gases at room temperature except carbon and sulfur.

The number of protons in the nucleus is the defining property of an element and is related to the atomic number.All atoms with same atomic number are atoms of same element.Elements combine to give compounds.

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The statement "When pH = pKa, the weak acid and salt concentrations in a buffer are equal." is true.

A solution or system that resists pH changes when small amounts of acid or base are introduced to it is called a buffer. A weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid, make up the substance. In order to maintain a steady pH environment for various chemical reactions or biological processes, buffers are frequently utilised in chemistry and biological sciences. They are essential for preserving homeostasis in biological systems like blood, where a steady pH is necessary for proper operation.

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Final answer:

The true statement about buffers is that they have their maximum buffering capacity when pH equals pKa, meaning the concentrations of the weak acid and its salt (conjugate base) are equal. Buffer solutions resist changes in pH effectively within a range of ± 1 pH unit from their pKa, and their buffering capacity depends on the buffer concentration.

Explanation:

The correct statement about buffers is: When pH = pKa, the weak acid and salt concentrations in a buffer are equal. This is because buffers consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base and exhibit maximum buffering capacity when the pH is numerically equal to the weak acid's pKa. At this pH, the buffer effectively resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

Buffer solutions are most effective within a pH range of ± 1 unit from their pKa. They are not invincible; their ability to maintain the pH level depends on the buffer concentration and the amount of strong acid or base added. The higher the concentration of the buffer components, the greater the buffer capacity, meaning more acid or base can be added before a significant change in pH occurs.

Buffers composed of weak acids work best for pH less than 7, while those composed of weak bases are more suitable for pH greater than 7. Moreover, buffers created from strong acids or bases are not effective, as they do not establish an equilibrium that is necessary for buffering action.

Answer:

The red dot represents the melting point of the element, which as stated is approximately 19.9 degrees Celsius and how long it took for the heat to properly completely dissolve it.

The question kind of answers itself however, is there a way to re-word it or is there a different answer you're looking for?

The temperature i,e represented by the red dot is 19.9 degrees.

Since the Red dot on the graph shows for dissolve this salt crystal and the temperature at which it dissolved. So here the red dot shows the element melting point i.e. 19.9 degrees and also it should be take so much time for heating it properly for completely dissolving it.

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Answer:

The actual ∆H would be greater than the calculated value of ∆H with no calorimeter.

Explanation:

The amount of heat changed during this process at a fixed pressure is termed Enthalpy

enthalpy change ∆H = ∆E + P∆V

∆E = internal energy change

P = fixed pressure

∆V = change in volume

When energy is absorbed during reaction, it is called endothermic reaction.

Endothermic reaction carried out in the calorimeter and enthalpy change for the reaction. Since we have that

q(surrounding) = q(solution)+q(calorimeter)

Therefore, q(calorimeter) > 0(endothermic).

The actual ∆H would be greater than the calculated value of ∆H with no calorimeter.

The actual ∆H would be greater than the calculated value of ∆H with no calorimeter.

The amount of heat changed during this process at a fixed pressure is termed Enthalpy.

Enthalpy change ∆H = ∆E + P∆V

∆E = internal energy change

P = fixed pressure

∆V = change in volume

When energy is absorbed during reaction, it is called endothermic reaction.

Endothermic reaction carried out in the calorimeter and enthalpy change for the reaction. Since we have that

q(surrounding) = q(solution)+q(calorimeter)

Thus, q(calorimeter) > 0(endothermic).

The actual ∆H would be greater than the calculated value of ∆H with no calorimeter.

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Answer:

In an exothermic reaction, q is negative while w is positive.

In an endothermic reaction, q is positive while w is negative

Explanation:

An Exothermic reaction is one in which the heat content of the system is greater than the heat content of the surroundings. As a result of this, heat (measured by Q) is given off into the surroundings and the surroundings is hotter than than the system. The heat emitted does work against the surroundings, hence the value of work done W is positive.

An endothermic reaction is the opposite of an exothermic reaction.

During an endothermic reaction, the heat content of the reactants is lesser than the heat content of the products. The surroundings then does work on the system , resulting in heat (measured by Q) being absorbed from the surroundings into the system, making the system hotter than than the surroundings. The value of work done W in an endothermic reaction is negative because the system does work against the surroundings.

AgCl (aq)

Option: 4

Explanation:

AgCl has the lowest concentration of dissolved ions because it is insoluble. Hence, it does not allow any ions into the solution.

According to the Solubility rule, the salts that have Cl⁻ are usually soluble but Ag⁺ is an exception which shows that AgCl is insoluble. It is insoluble because the lattice structure of AgCl is very strong that it cannot be overcome by the forces that favor the formation of hydrated ions,  Ag⁺(aq) and Cl⁻(aq). Solubility of AgCl in water is very low but however, it can precipitate in water.

The saturated solution that contains the concentration of dissolved ions is AgCl (aq)

AgCl should contain a less concentration of dissolved ions due to insoluble. Due to this, it permits any ions into the solution. As per the above rule, the salts that have Cl⁻ are normally soluble however Ag⁺ should be an exception which represents that AgCl is insoluble. It is insoluble due to the lattice structure of AgCl should be very strong. The solubility of AgCl in water should be very low but it should be precipitated in water.

Hence, The saturated solution that contains the concentration of dissolved ions is AgCl (aq)

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The final temperature of the mixture of cold water and hot water is 48.9 ⁰C.

The given parameters;

The mass of the cold water is calculated as follows;

[tex]m = \rho \times V\\\\m_c = 1 \ g/ml \ \ \times \ \ 270 \ ml \\\\m_c = 270 \ g[/tex]

The mass of the hot water is calculated as follows;

[tex]m_h = 1 \ g/ml \ \ \times \ \ 140 \ ml\\\\m_h = 140 \ g[/tex]

The final temperature of the mixture is determined by applying the principle of conservation of energy;

[tex]m_c C \Delta \theta_c = m_h C \Delta \theta_h\\\\ m_c \Delta \theta_c = m_h \Delta \theta_h\\\\m_c (t - 25) = m_h(95 - t)\\\\270(t- 25) = 140(95-t)\\\\270t - 6750 = 13,300 - 140t\\\\410t = 20,050\\\\t = \frac{20,050}{410} \\\\t = 48.9 \ ^0C[/tex]

Thus, the final temperature of the mixture of cold water and hot water is 48.9 ⁰C.

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The final temperature of the mixture is 55.00 °C.

To calculate the final temperature of the mixture, we can use the following equation:

T_final = (m_1T_1 + m_2T_2) / (m_1 + m_2)

where:

* T_final is the final temperature of the mixture (in °C)

* m_1 is the mass of the first water sample (in grams)

* T_1 is the temperature of the first water sample (in °C)

* m_2 is the mass of the second water sample (in grams)

* T_2 is the temperature of the second water sample (in °C)

We are given the following information:

* m_1 = 270.0 mL * 1.00 g/mL = 270.0 g

* T_1 = 25.00 °C

* m_2 = 140.0 mL * 1.00 g/mL = 140.0 g

* T_2 = 95.00 °C

Substituting these values into the equation above, we get the following:

T_final = (270.0 g * 25.00 °C + 140.0 g * 95.00 °C) / (270.0 g + 140.0 g)

T_final = 55.00 °C

Therefore, the final temperature of the mixture is 55.00 °C.

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Answer:

The answer to your question is P = 2.13 atm

Explanation:

Data

Pressure = ?

number of moles = 3.54

Temperature = 376 °K

Volume = 51.2 L

R = 0.08205 atm L/mol°K

Formula

PV = nRT

- Solve for P

  P = nRT / V

- Substitution

  P = (3.54)(0.08205)(376) / 51.2

- Simplification

  P = 109.21 / 51.2

Result

 P = 2.13 atm  

Answer:

2.13

Explanation:

I just did the problem on acellus and got it right

Answer : The concentration of guanosine in your sample is, [tex]8.33\times 10^{-5}M[/tex]

Explanation :

Using Beer-Lambert's law :

[tex]A=\epsilon \times C\times l[/tex]

where,

A = absorbance of solution  = 0.70

C = concentration of solution = ?

l = path length = 1.00 cm

[tex]\epsilon[/tex] = molar absorptivity coefficient guanosine  = [tex]8400M^{-1}cm^{-1}[/tex]

Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:

[tex]0.70=8400M^{-1}cm^{-1}\times C\times 1.00cm[/tex]

[tex]C=8.33\times 10^{-5}M[/tex]

Thus, the concentration of guanosine in your sample is, [tex]8.33\times 10^{-5}M[/tex]

Answer:

Approximately % of these cats weigh less than 2.5kg

the percentage = 61/144 × 100 = 6100/144 = 42.3611111111  ≈ 42.36%

Approximately % of these cats weigh between 2.5 and 2.75 kg

percentage = 20/144 ×100 = 2000/144 = 13.8888888889  ≈ 13.90%

Approximately % of these cats weigh between 2.75 and 3.5kg.

percentage = 54/144 × 100 = 5400/144 = 37.5 %

Explanation:

The picture below is the histogram used .

The horizontal is the weight of the cat . The vertical is the number of cat. The cats have 47 female and 97 male . The total cats is 47 + 97 = 144.

Approximately % of these cats weigh less than 2.5kg

Cat that weighs less than 2.5 kg is the sum of the first bar and the second bar. The sum is 29 + 32 = 61

61 cat weighs less than 2.5 kg

the percentage = 61/144 × 100 = 6100/144 = 42.3611111111  ≈ 42.36

Approximately % of these cats weigh between 2.5 and 2.75 kg

cat that weigh between 2.5 and 2.75 is 20

percentage = 20/144 ×100 = 2000/144 = 13.8888888889  ≈ 13.90

Approximately % of these cats weigh between 2.75 and 3.5kg.

The number of cat that fall under this category is 27 + 12 + 15 = 54

percentage = 54/144 × 100 = 5400/144 = 37.5

The approximately % of cats weigh less than 2.5 kg has been 42.36 %.

The approximately % of cats weighing between 2.5 and 2.75 kg has been 13.88 %.

The approximately % of cats weighing between 2.75 and 3.5 kg has been 37.5 %.

The histogram has been the representation of the data in a user defined condensed format. The total number of cats has been the sum of male and female cats.

The given male cats can be, [tex]C_M=97[/tex]

The given female cats, [tex]C_F=47[/tex]

The total cats (C) can be given as:

[tex]C=C_M\;+\;C_F\\C=97\;+\;47\\C=144[/tex]

The total number of cats has been 144.

From the histogram, the number of cats weighing less than 2.5 kg, [tex]C_>_2_._5=61[/tex]

The % of cats weighing less than 2.5 kg ([tex]C_>_2_._5\;\%[/tex]) has been:

[tex]C_>_2_._5\;\%=\dfrac{61}{144}\;\times\;100\\ C_>_2_._5\;\%=42.36\%[/tex]

The approximately % of cats weigh less than 2.5 kg has been 42.36 %.

From the histogram, the number of cats weighing between 2.5 and 2.75 kg, [tex]C_2_._5_-_2_._7_5=20[/tex]

The % of cats weighing between 2.5 and 2.75 kg,  [tex]C_2_._5_-_2_._7_5\%[/tex], has been:

[tex]C_2_._5_-_2_._7_5\%=\dfrac{20}{144}\;\times\;100\\ C_2_._5_-_2_._7_5\%=13.88\%[/tex]

The approximately % of cats weighing between 2.5 and 2.75 kg has been 13.88 %.

From the histogram, the number of cats weighing between 2.75 and 3.5 kg, [tex]C_2_._7_5_-_3_._5=54[/tex]

The % of cats weighing between 2.75 and 3. 5 kg,  [tex]C_2_._7_5_-_3_._5\%[/tex], has been:

[tex]C_2_._7_5_-_3_._5\%=\dfrac{54}{144}\;\times\;100\\ C_2_._7_5_-_3_._5\%=37.5\%[/tex]

The approximately % of cats weighing between 2.75 and 3.5 kg has been 37.5 %.

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Answer:

Al(NO₃)₃ (aq) + NaOH(aq) → Al(OH)₃ (s)↓ + 3NaNO₃ (aq)

Explanation:

Al³⁺ cation can generate a precipitate when it bonds to OH⁻ from a strong base but it is important to the base, not to be in excess.

When the OH⁻is in excess, the produced aluminium hydroxide will be soluble.

Al³⁺(aq) + 3OH⁻(aq) ⇄ Al(OH)₃(s) ↓    Kps

ans is helium.........

Answer:

The answer is: helium: 1s 1, 1p 1

Explanation:

Answer:

The Kb for cyclohexane is 2.79 °C/m

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of Paradichlorobenzene = 2.00 grams

Mass of cyclohexane = 22.5 grams

Boiling point of the solution = 82.39 °C

Boiling point of pure cyclohexane = 80.70 °C

Molar mass of Paradichlorobenzene = 147 g/mol

Step 2: Calculate moles Paradichlorobenzene

Moles Paradichlorobenzene = mass / molar mass

Moles Paradichlorobenzene = 2.00 grams / 147 g/mol

Moles Paradichlorobenzene = 0.0136 moles

Step 3: Calculate molality

Molality = moles Paradichlorobenzene / mass cyclohexane

Molality = 0.0136 moles / 0.0225 kg

Molality = 0.605 molal

Step 4: Calculate Kb

Kb = change in boiling point / molality of solution  

 ⇒ Change in boiling point = 82.39 - 80.70 = 1.69 °C

⇒ molality = 0.605 molal

Kb = 1.69 °C / 0.605 molal = 2.79 °C/m

The Kb for cyclohexane is 2.79 °C/m

Answer:

The Kb for cyclohexane is 2.80°C/m

Explanation:

delta T = 82.39 - 80.70 = 1.69 °C

Moles C6H4Cl2 = 2.00 g/ 147.0 g/mol= 0.0136

molality = 0.0136 mol / 0.0225 Kg = 0.604

1.69 = 0.604 x kf

kf = 2.80

The Kb for cyclohexane is 2.80°C/m

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Answer:

The answer to your question is Clover

Explanation:

Legumes are plants or the seed of plants. Legumes are harvested for human consumption, for livestock forage and silage.

These plants are also important during the Nitrogen cycle due to they fix nitrogen.

Examples of legumes are:

Beans, alfalfa, clover, lentils, peas, mesquite, carob, tamarind, peanuts, soybeans, etc.

Clover

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Answer:

C₂H₈N₄O₆ is the molecular formula for the compound

Explanation:

Data from the problem:

13 g of C in 100 g of compound

4.3 g of H in 100 g of compound

30.4 g of N in 100 g of compound

52.2 g of O in 100 g of compound

Firstly we determine, the mass of each in 184 g of compound, which is 1 mol

(13 g / 100 g) . 184 g  = 24 g C

(4.3 g  / 100 g) . 184 g  = 7.91 g H ≅ 8 g H

(30.4 g / 100 g) . 184 g  = 56 g N

(52.2 g  / 100 g) . 184 g  = 96 g O

And now, we divide the mass by the molar mass of each to determine the moles:

24 g C / 12 g/mol = 2 mol C

8g H / 1 g/mol = 8 mol H

56 g N / 14 g/mol = 4 mol N

96 g O / 16 g/mol = 6 mol O

So the molecular formula of the compound is C₂H₈N₄O₆

Final answer:

To determine the molecular formula of the given compound, one must calculate the moles of each element from their percentages, derive the empirical formula, and scale it by the compound's molar mass. However, the provided data seems contradictory and does not accurately represent a real calculation process.

Explanation:

To determine the molecular formula of a compound with 13% carbon, 4.3% hydrogen, 30.4% nitrogen, and 52.2% oxygen with a molar mass of 184 grams per mole, we need to first calculate the empirical formula from the given percentages. Assuming we have 100 grams of this compound, the masses of each element would directly convert to grams (e.g. 13g C, 4.3g H, 30.4g N, and 52.2g O).

To find the moles of each element, we divide the mass of each by its atomic mass (C: 12.01, H: 1.01, N: 14.01, O: 16.00) and get the ratios of moles of each element. However, the provided dissolution involves an inaccurate representation of the compound's composition and seems to contradict the given percentages.

For an accurate molecular formula determination, we use the correct composition to find the lowest whole number ratio of elements and scale it up using the compound's molar mass. This approach accurately identifies the compound's molecular makeup by aligning the empirical formula mass to the given molar mass.

The distance between the scattering planes in the crystal is d = 0.95 A°

Explanation:

The Bragg's equation is given by

                                      2d sinθ = nλ

where,

d is the distance between the scattering planes in the crystal.

θ is the angle of diffraction.

n is the order of diffraction.

λ is the wavelength of X rays.

Given λ = 0.17 nm = 1.7 A°, angle = 62.5

                          2 [tex]\times[/tex] d [tex]\times[/tex] sin(62.5)    = 1 [tex]\times[/tex] 1.7 A°  

                                                    d = 0.95 A°  

The distance between the scattering planes in the crystal is d = 0.95 A°

The spacing (d) between the planes of the crystal is 0.096nm.

BRAGG'S LAW EQUATION:

2dsinθ = nλ

Where;

d = nλ ÷ 2sinθ

According to this question;

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Answer:627j

Explanation:

H=mcΔT

ΔH= 10*4.18*(300-285)

ΔH=10*4.18*15

ΔH=627j

The heat of the given water sample has been 0.627 kJ.

The specific heat has been described as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of substance by 1 degree Celsius. The expression for specific heat has been given as:

Heat = mass × specific heat × change in temperature

For the given water sample:

Specific heat = 4.18 J/K/g

Mass = 10 g

Initial temperature ([tex]T_i[/tex]) = 285 K

Final temperature ([tex]T_f[/tex]) = 300 K

Change in temperature ([tex]\rm \Delta T[/tex]) can be given as:

[tex]\Delta T =T_f\;-\;T_i\\\Delta T=300\;\text K\;-\;285\;\text K\\\Delta T=15\;\text K[/tex]

Substituting the values for heat:

[tex]\rm Heat=10\;g\;\times\;4.18\;J/K/g\;\times\;15\;K\\Heat\;=\;627.6\;J\\Specific\;heat\;=\;0.627\;kJ[/tex]

The heat of the given water sample has been 0.627 kJ.

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The condition is that the amounts of reactants or products do not change when a chemical reaction is in state of equilibrium.

Amounts of reactants or products do not change.

Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic process in which the rate of product formation by the forward reaction equals the rate of product re-formation by the reverse reaction.

A chemical reaction is a process that results in the chemical change of one set of chemical substances into another set of chemical substances. Rust is an example of iron and oxygen mixing. Sodium acetate, carbon dioxide, and water are formed when vinegar and baking soda are combined.

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At chemical equilibrium, the forward and reverse reactions are happening at equal rates, resulting in no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products. This state is known as dynamic equilibrium. The system must also be closed for equilibrium to be maintained.

The correct answer is: The forward and reverse reactions are happening at equal rates.

Chemical equilibrium is the state in which both reactants and products are present in concentrations that remain constant over time. This occurs when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction, meaning that there are no net changes in the concentrations of the reactants and products. This is known as dynamic equilibrium, indicating that reactions continue to occur in both directions at equal rates.

Answer: The pH of the solution is 2.420

Explanation: pH = -Log  [H+]

                           = - Log [ 3.8 x 10^-3]

                           =  3 - 0.579784

                           = 2.420

Explanation:

Heat necessary to raise the temperature of a substance by unit mass of a given substance by a given amount is known as specific heat.

It is known that relation between heat energy, specific heat, and mass is as follows.

           q = [tex]m \times C \times \Delta T[/tex]

As the specific heat of water is 4.18 [tex]J/g^{o}C[/tex] and the specific heat of gold is 0.129 [tex]J/g^{o}C[/tex]. Since, the specific heat of water is greater than the specific heat of gold.

Therefore, we can conclude that water is more efficient to warm your bed on a cold night with a hot water bottle that contains 1 kg of water at 50 degrees C.

A hot water bottle would be more efficient at warming your bed on a cold night. This conclusion is based on the specific heat properties of water and gold. Water, with a higher specific heat, can better retain and transfer heat than gold.

The key to answering this question lies in understanding the concept of specific heat. This is the amount of heat per unit mass required to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius. Different substances have different specific heats, and this impacts how well they store and transfer heat. Water has a high specific heat, meaning it can absorb a lot of heat before its temperature rises. Gold, on the other hand, has a relatively low specific heat, meaning it heats up quickly but does not retain or transfer heat as well as water does.

So, to answer your question, a hot water bottle would be more efficient at warming your bed on a cold night. That's because the 1 kg of water at 50 degrees Celsius can store and transfer more heat than a 1-kg gold bar at the same temperature.

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Answer:

The pH for a 0.117 M solution of NaHA is 2.227

Explanation:

To solve the question we check the difference in the Ka values thus

Ka₁ / Ka₂ = 7500000 < 10⁸ so we are required to calculate each value as follows

We therefore have

H₂X→ H⁺¹+HX⁻¹ with Ka₁ = 3.0 × 10⁻⁴

Therefore

3.0 × 10⁻⁴ = (x²)/(0.117)

x² = 3.0 × 10⁻⁴ ×0.117 and x = 5.925 × 10⁻³ = [H⁺]

Similarly

Ka₂ =  4.0 × 10⁻¹¹

and

4.0 × 10⁻¹¹= (x²)/(0.117)

x²= 0.117× 4.0 × 10⁻¹¹

x= 2.16× 10⁻⁶

Total H⁺ =  5.925 × 10⁻³+2.16× 10⁻⁶ = 5.927 × 10⁻³

Since pH = -log of hydrogen ion concentration,

pH = - log 5.927 × 10⁻³ = 2.227

Answer:

Valinomycin

Explanation:

This antibiotic is acquired from the Streptomyces species cells. Valinomycin is selective to potassium and inhibits sodium ions from entering the cell. This antibiotic allows the potassium ions to move down the electrochemical potential gradient of  the lipid membranes.

Valinomycin is the antibiotic incorporated into the liquid ion-exchange membrane when measuring Potassium with an ion-selective electrode. It binds specifically to potassium ions, thus allowing accurate detection and measurement.

When measuring Potassium with an ion-selective electrode by means of a liquid ion-exchange membrane, the antibiotic incorporated into the membrane is valinomycin.

Valinomycin is a relatively specific antibiotic used in these measurements because it binds selectively with potassium ions, allowing for accurate detection and measurement. The mechanism operates such that when the potassium is bound by the valinomycin, it causes a change in the membrane's potential. This change can be measured and is proportional to the concentration of potassium in the solution.

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