How has Linda’s exposure to sun throughout her life contributed to her possible melanoma? (Hint: think about what happens to the DNA of skin cells.)

Answer:

The planting method using transplants allows the selection of vigorous and healthy seedlings, which enables the production of uniform bulbs which can mean harvesting garden edibles sooner.

The expenditure on seeds is lower, the consumption of irrigation water during the period of seedling formation is reduced and the management of fertilization, weeds and diseases and pests is facilitated in comparison with direct sowing. On the other hand, this method requires a lot of labor.

Explanation:

Answer:  option B

The fact that is thermodynamically favourable shows that it involves the expenditure of heat.Then energy must have been consumed as ATPs, for the transport to occur.Thus  active transport is needed, to move the glucose against the concentration gradient from area B of lower concentration  to  A of high concentration.

Basically the transport of substances  with the use of ATPs from medium of lower concentration to medium of higher concentration against the concentration gradient is called Active transport.Heat energy is liberated from the expenditure of energy.

Explanation:

Glucose would A) move from area A to area B. When the concentration of glucose is equal, there would be no net flow of glucose across the cell membrane.

The thermodynamically favorable direction for glucose to move in this scenario would be from area A to area B. This is because the glucose concentration is higher in area A than in area B, therefore there is a concentration gradient thus favoring the movement of glucose from the higher concentration area (A) to the lower concentration area (B).

When the concentration of glucose is equal inside and outside of the cell, there would be no net flow of glucose across the cell membrane in either direction. This is because there is no proper concentration gradient driving the movement of glucose.

Answer:

Hi

1. Biochemical organization of the cells: The cells are constituted by a membrane that gives them their own identity, while inside there is a cellular functioning system and a metabolic system in which the ordered cellular functioning takes place.

The transport process is important because it allows the cell to expel metabolic wastes from its interior and acquire nutrients, this due to the ability of the cell membrane to allow the selective passage or exit of some substances. The cell transport pathways and the basic mechanisms for small molecules are:

-Active transport

-Exocitosis

-Endocytosis

-Passive transport

Photosynthesis is the conversion of inorganic matter to organic matter thanks to the energy provided by light. It can be described as the light energy that is transformed into stable chemical energy, NADPH and ATP being the molecules in which this chemical energy is stored. The reducing power of NADPH and the energy potential of the phosphate group of ATP are used for the synthesis of carbohydrates from the reduction of carbon dioxide.

2-The principles of inheritance are the following: The organisms usually have much more descendants than they can survive, due to lack of food and space; these descendants differ from each other in several aspects; the variation makes some individuals better adapted to survive; If these individuals transmit the advantageous traits to their offspring, it will also survive.

3-All organisms live in the midst of other living organisms, element objects, subject to various influences and events. This set constitutes its environment. Plants and animals depend on the components and characteristics of the medium to grow and reproduce. This adaptation is a process that allows them to live under environmental conditions that may not be suitable for other species. In turn, plants and animals act on the environment in which they develop, modifying it. Abiotic factors such as weather, soil composition, water, and light. This is essential for photosynthesis. Biotic factors are those that include animals, plants and microorganisms. In the plants the microorganisms that enrich the soil intervene. Other plants provide protection or compete for light, water and nutrients.

4-Natural selection is the central concept of the theory of biological evolution. It is the process that occurs between entities with variation, multiplication and inheritance; and an intrinsic result of this dynamic is the production of organs, structures and behaviors that are designed for survival and reproduction.

5-There are two types of reproduction in vertebrate and invertebrate animals: sexual and asexual. Animals that participate in sexual reproduction are divided into two groups depending on whether each individual has a single gamete or if they have both gametes. In the first one, the concept of sex appears, understood as male or female and male or female. Each individual will have the testicles to generate sperm or ovaries to generate eggs.

In asexual reproduction, the individuals generated have the same genetic information as the parents. There are different types of asexual reproduction that can be found in the animal kingdom, especially in invertebrate animals.

6-Phases of mitosis: prophase: the replicated DNA that is entangled is condensed in a compact form known as chromosome. The chromosomes are still formed by the two chromatids, joined by a midpoint known as a centromere, giving the typical image of an X. The mitotic spindle is generated, which will subsequently act as transport pathways for the chromosomes. Metaphase: The microtubules bind to the chromosome centromere and line up right in the center of the cell. The genetic content is separated, separated. Anaphase: The sister chromatids are separated and dragged to opposite poles. Telophase: Once on the opposite sides, the chromosomes are decondensed in their usual way and the nucleus that contains them is regenerated.

Phases of meiosis: prophase I: in it homologous chromosomes mate and exchange fragments of hereditary material. Metaphase I: the tetrads line up in the equatorial plane of the spindle. Anaphase I: homologous chromosomes are separated by moving to opposite poles. Telophase I: Nuclear membranes form around the nuclei. Prophase II: the nuclear envelope is broken and the mitotic spindle is formed; metaphase II: the chromosomes line up in the metaphase plate; Anaphase II: the sister chromatids of each chromosome are separated. Telophase II: formation of nuclear envelopes around the four haploid nuclei.

Explanation:

Answer:

the first one

Explanation:

Answer:

mushrooms do not have chloroplasts

Answer:y Option E.

Oxytocin is not produced by anterior pituitary gland.

Explanation:

Hormones are chemicals secreted by endocrine organs that are circulated in the body for growth, development and proper functioning.

Anterior pituitary gland is a gland that secretes hormone. Anterior pituitary gland secret six hormones which are plolatin which is responsible for milk production,human growth Hormone which stimulate growth, follicle stimulating and leutinizing hormone which stimulate sex hormone production,adrenocorticotropic hormone which stimulate adrenal gland,and thyroid stimulating hormone which stimulates thyroid gland.

Oxytocin is produced by hypothalamus and it is secreted by posterior pituitary gland which is a pregnancy hormone.

Oxytocin isn't an example of hormone found in the anterior pituitary gland.

Anterior pituitary are glands which are very close to the part of the brain

known as the hypothalamus and are connected by short blood vessels.

Examples of hormones in the anterior pituitary region include human growth

hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone and

prolactin.

Posterior pituitary are glands which are found in the part of the brain known

as hypothalamus and they release their content directly into the blood

through instruction from the brain. Examples of hormones in the region

include Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), oxytocin etc.

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Answer: within the first year, within the second year

Explanation:

Many toddlers start to sit, stand and walk by the age of 9 to 15 months of age. These are because of the changes that occur in the brain and the spinal cord. By the age of two the brain develops coordination with the muscles of the body and the infant establishes balance on the feet and hip muscles becomes strong that aids in achieving the squatting position.

Answer:

First year and second year.

Explanation:

The development of the infants starts from the day of the birth. The development of the baby includes the different stages and the development occurs at each month with physical and physiological changes.

During the first year of the development the child knows how to stand, walk, sit and react on the other people expressions. During the second year of the child development, the child knows about the balancing of their body and feet in the squat position.

Thus, the answer is first year and second year.

Answer:

d. Nucleus, rough ER, transitional vesicle, Golgi apparatus, secretory vesicle

Explanation:

The process of protein synthesis begins in the nucleus with transcription. Specific mRNA of the complementary DNA code of the protein  to be   synthesize   is copied.  The mRNA binds to the DNA molecule template  by enzyme RNA polymerase; this enzyme  binds the mRNA at the promoter site of the DNA and the bases joined together  by hydrogen bonds.This is transcription. When  full complementary of the mRNA from the template DNA has been copied they are releases by the enzyme RNA polymerase at terminator. The mRNA leaves the nucleus through the nuclear pore for the nucleus.

The mRNA binds to the ribosomes which are mostly attached to the endopalsmic reticulum, and are therefore called rough endoplasmic reticulum or  drifting freely in the cytoplasm. tRNA molecules are  present in the cytoplasm. they have two ends; one end for binding with triplet of bases(anticodons) and the other end for amino acid attachments on the mRNA(codons). This is initiation, and it takes place in the cytoplasm.

Trasnslation

The complementary binding leads to formation of sequence of amino acid  polypeptide chains,.it is catalysed by the enzyme peptidyl transferase,on the small ribosome  small sub units; in presence of ATPs, the first codon is usually AUG,  for the amino acid methionine. It terminates at the stop condon ;UAA,UAG It is called translation, because the mRNA is translated to polypepetide chains of amino acids  on the small unit of ribosomes, the location.

The polypeptide chains of amino acids  are transported through the  transport vesicles to the Golgi  cisternae ( Golgi apparatus).for processing and sorting.

 They are moved by cisternae migration to trans-golgi reticulum,,where the  are sorted out,From here they are transported to the trans-Golgi network;for onward  transportation  into the secretory vesicles and   transport vesicles. The latter fused with the plasma membrane , and secreted to the outside by Exocytosis.

Proteins  stored in the secretory vesicles usually  stimulus for exocytosis, thus are not immediately available for secretion

The correct order of structures involved in protein synthesis and secretion is: Nucleus, Rough ER, Condensing vesicle, Golgi apparatus, Transitional vesicle, Secretory vesicle.

The correct order of structures involved in protein synthesis and secretion is:

Nucleus - where DNA is transcribed into mRNA

Rough ER - where the newly synthesized proteins are folded and modified

Condensing vesicle - which carries the proteins from the rough ER to the Golgi apparatus

Golgi apparatus - where the proteins are further modified, sorted, and packaged into vesicles

Transitional vesicle - which transports the packaged proteins from the Golgi apparatus to the cell membrane or other organelles

Secretory vesicle - which fuses with the cell membrane and releases the proteins outside the cell

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Answer:

a. To maintain the uterine lining

Explanation:

Progesterone is secreted by the cells of the corpus luteum. During the uterine cycle, it prepares the uterine endometrium for implantation. During the first trimester, progesterone maintains the uterine lining. Higher levels of progesterone inhibit the secretion of GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone). This results in inhibition of the secretions of FSH and LH which in turn are required for the development of follicle and ovulation respectively.

Lower levels of progesterone during pregnancy results in sloughing off of uterine lining and the embryo during menstruation causing abortion.  

Answer:

There is no cure for cystic fibrosis, but treatment can ease symptoms and reduce complications.

Explanation:

1). For those with cystic fibrosis who have certain gene mutations, doctors may recommend a newer medication called ivacaftor. This medication may improve lung function and weight, increases the activity of Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)protein and reduce the amount of salt in sweat. It has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for people with cystic fibrosis who are age 6 and older. The dose depends on your weight and age.

2). For people with a certain gene mutation who are age 12 and older, another drug is available that combines ivacaftor with a medication called lumacaftor. This drug is called orkambi.

The use of Orkambi may improve lung function and reduce the risk of exacerbations.

I hope you're clear on this Daxxy

Two ways to treat cystic fibrosis by targeting the DNA molecule are gene therapy and personalized medicine.

Two ways to intervene in treating cystic fibrosis by targeting the DNA molecule are through gene therapy and personalized medicine.

Gene therapy: This approach involves introducing a functional copy of the CFTR gene into the cells of individuals with cystic fibrosis. This can be done using viral vectors or other delivery systems. By supplying the correct gene, it is possible to restore the production of the normal chloride channel protein, thereby alleviating the buildup of sticky mucus.

Personalized medicine: Another approach is to develop drugs that target specific mutations in the CFTR gene. These drugs can help correct the defective protein function and improve mucus clearance. Examples of such drugs include ivacaftor, which specifically targets the G551D mutation, and lumacaftor/ivacaftor, which target the F508del mutation.

Answer:

The answer is the anarchy treaty system

Explanation:

The Antarctic Treaty System is a system that takes care of Antartica and its world wide connections (a continent with no life forms). The ATS serves to manage the associations within states in Antartic. The main aim of ATS is to ensure that human race in Antarctica shall always move to practice peaceful goals and shall not become develop any form of disunity.

Answer: Option C.

Antarctic treaty system

Explanation:

Antarctic treaty system is an international agreements of peace and scientific research signed in Washington on December 1, 1959 with 12 signatories. The main purpose of this agreement is that Antarctica should be used forever for peaceful purposes for all mankind and millatary bases. It shall not Be a scene for world discord and should continued be use for scientific research. Antarctic treaty covers the south of 60° south latitude , also called Antarctic treaty area.

Answer:

C)Both proteins bind ATP and F-actin

*C option is not mentioned* there is a flaw in the question

Explanation:

Two families of motor proteins, kinesin and dynein, transport membrane-bounded vesicles, proteins, and organelles along microtubules. Nearly all kinesins move cargo toward the (+) end of microtubules (anterograde transport), whereas dyneins transport cargo toward the (−) end (retrograde transport).While

both the protiens have globular ATP-binding heads that function as the motor domain and interact with the microtubules.

Final answer:

Both kinesin and dynein bind ATP and use its energy for intracellular transport of organelles along microtubules, despite moving in opposite directions.

Explanation:

The motor proteins kinesin and dynein both play crucial roles in intracellular transport. While these proteins have different directional preferences on microtubules, with kinesins generally moving towards the (+) end (periphery of the cell) and dyneins moving towards the (-) end (toward the cell center), they share a key feature. Specifically, both kinesin and dynein bind ATP and use the energy from ATP hydrolysis to facilitate the movement of organelles and vesicles along microtubules within the cell. This is a critical function for processes such as mitosis, meiosis, and the general organization of the cellular interior.

Answer:

Ether-linked lipids, and Membrane mono-layers,

Explanation:

The archaeal cell membrane is able to resist any severe environmental factors, as the cell is able to live in the most extreme conditions of temperature and are able to perform there various cellular function in such way just because of having a double protective structure in there cell wall or membrane. As the fatty acids present inside the membrane are in connection to the outer lipid molecules(lipids) present in the archaeal cell membrane.

Answer:

Ether-linked lipids

Explanation:

Most organisms found in the Archaea are found in extreme enviroments such as very high temperatures. They are generally called Thermophiles.

In order to survive high temperatures, their cell membrane membrane contains ether-linked lipids. This is because these lipids are Thermo-stable. and can not be easily degraded by the high temperatures.

They also have a limited permeability to proton even at high temperatures hence maintaining a viable proton motive force even at these extreme temperatures.  

Answer:

[tex]1 : 315[/tex]

Explanation:

As we know that

one quart is equal to [tex]946.3[/tex] mls

one table spoon is equal to [tex]15[/tex] mls

Therefore, two table spoon is equal to

[tex]2 * 15 = 30[/tex] mls

[tex]Q_1 * C_1 = Q_2 * C_2[/tex]

Here,

[tex]Q_1[/tex] & [tex]Q_2[/tex] represents the volume

[tex]C_1[/tex] & [tex]C_2[/tex] represents the concentration

Substituting the given values in above equation, we get -

[tex]30 * 10[/tex]% [tex]= 946.3 * X[/tex]%

[tex]X[/tex]% [tex]= \frac{30 * 10}{946.3}[/tex]

[tex]X[/tex]% [tex]= 0.317[/tex] %

[tex]0.317[/tex] % [tex]= 100 : 0.317[/tex]

[tex]1 : 315[/tex]

Following are the calculation to the ratio strength of the dilution:

Initial concentration, [tex]C_1 = 30\% = 0.30[/tex]

Initial volume, [tex]V_1 = 2 \times 15 = 30 \ mL \ \text{(2 tablespoonfuls)}[/tex]

Using filtered water, dilute this solution to 1 quart.

Let the diluted solution have a strength of [tex]C_2[/tex]:

[tex]\because 1\ quart = 946.35 \ mL \\\\ \therefore V_2 = 946.35\ mL \\\\[/tex]

Now,  

[tex]\to V_1C_1 = V_2C_2\\\\ \to (30) (0.30) = (946.35)C_2\\\\\to C_2= \frac{(30)(0.30)}{946.35}[/tex]

         [tex]=\frac{9}{ 946.35}\\\\=\frac{1}{105.15}\\\\= 1 : 105.15 \approx 1: 105[/tex]

Therefore, the strength ratio of the diluted solution is "1: 105".

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Answer:

A) Engulf the bacteria.

Explanation:

Invasins are basically enzymes (protiens) which act to damage the host cells locally. As E.Coli and Salmonella are the invasive bacteria , they need to invade the body cells in order to causes infection . It is involved in pathogenesis.  So as the enter the body they release invasins ,bind to host cells and cause them to engulf the bacteria which is then carried to the desired location and cause disease.

Hence a) Engulf the bacteria is the right option

Answer: Option A.

Invasins cause the cell to engulf bacteria.

Explanation:

Invasins is an enzyme or protein that allow pathogens to penetrate into the host cells. Inavasins allow Salmonella to gain entry into the host cells and bind it to it thereby engulfing the bacteria during the stage of infection. Salmonella and E.coli produce invasins enzymesso as to penetrate the host cells and enqulf the bacteria.

Answer:

Asia

Explanation:

For example look at Mount Everest. which is the tallest mountain. the first question I would ask is how did it happen? The shape of the Mount Everest comes from divergent boundaries. What I mean by this is, land collision.

Answer:

AUSTRALIA

Explanation:

Answer:

Three (3) times breathe of air

Explanation:

On the earth surface, the tropopause is the interface between the troposphere(the lowest region of the atmosphere, extending from the earth's surface) and the stratosphere(the second layer of the earth surface above the troposphere).

The tropopause lies on average, at 17 kilometers above equatorial regions, and about 9 kilometers over the polar regions

As you climb to the top of the Mt. Everest(troposphere), the oxygen level begins to drops.

Oxygen levels at the peak of the Mt. Everest will be 33% of the oxygen available at the sea level because the distance is 9km above the sea level. It means that one have to breathe three times than a single breathe at the peak.

Answer:

Arteries: carry the blood away from the heart to the body cells/tissues.

Capillaries:  the site for an exchange of substances between the blood and body cells.  

Veins: carry the blood towards the heart from the body cells/tissues.

Explanation:

The cardiovascular system has arteries, capillaries, and veins as the main blood vessels. The walls of arteries are mostly thick and therefore, their lumens are narrow. Thick walls allow them to withstand the higher blood pressure. The function of arteries is to carry the blood away from the heart to the body cells/tissues. They mostly carry oxygenated blood. However, pulmonary arteries are the exceptions that carry the deoxygenated blood.  

Walls in veins are thin. They have a wide lumen. Their function is to carry the blood towards the heart from the body cells/tissues. They mostly carry deoxygenated blood. However, pulmonary veins are the exceptions that carry the oxygenated blood to the heart.

Capillaries are the thin-walled blood vessels that serve as the site for an exchange of respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes and other substances between the blood and body cells.  

Answer:

The three main types of blood vessels present in the cardiovascular system are capillaries, arteries and veins.

Capillaries - The main function of the capillary is the transport of oxygen and nutrients to the cells and tissues of the body. The connection of the branches of the arteries with the veins is done by capillaries.

Arteries: The blood from the heart needs to travel all over the body. This function is performed by the arteries. The oxygenated blood flows in the arteries.

Veins: The deoxygenated blood from the body needs to travel from the body to the heart. This function is preformed by veins.

Answer: humoral response of adaptive system.

Answer:

Surface tension

Explanation:

Answer:

Serum or urine components

Explanation:

Multiple myeloma is the cancer developed in the plasma cell that is a kind of white blood cell. The plasma cell helps in production of antibodies that protects the body from infection. Multiple myeloma causes the cancerous cells to aggregate in the bone marrow and covers the healthy cells.

The diagnosis of this type of cancer includes bone marrow biopsy, urine and blood tests. The bone marrow plasmocytosis includes the increase in plasma cells number in the bone marrow. The areas of bone damage that are due to cancerous plasma cell are the lytic bone lesions.

The proteins produced by the cancerous cells are detected in serum and urine samples. Thus, definitive diagnosis of multiple myeloma includes the triad of bone marrow plasmacytosis, lytic bone lesions, and Serum.

The definitive diagnosis of multiple myeloma includes bone marrow plasmacytosis, lytic bone lesions, and the presence of monoclonal proteins (M proteins). Another key diagnostic indicator is Bence Jones proteinuria.

Multiple Myeloma Diagnosis

The definitive diagnosis of multiple myeloma includes a triad of bone marrow plasmacytosis, lytic bone lesions, and the presence of monoclonal proteins (M proteins). Another key diagnostic indicator is Bence Jones proteinuria, which involves the excretion of specific proteins in the urine that can be detected by heating the urine sample to 60°C.

Multiple myeloma is characterized by the excessive growth of myeloma cells in the bone marrow, which interfere with the production of healthy blood cells and lead to the formation of tumors in bones throughout the body. Diagnostic tests such as protein electrophoresis and immunofixation electrophoresis (IEP) help identify these monoclonal proteins and confirm the diagnosis.

Answer:b. body hair

Explanation: Body hair, mammary gland/breast are features that makes mammals different from other animals. The presence of body hair gives warmth and protection to the animal skin which other vertebrates lacks.

A distinctive characteristic of mammals not observed in other vertebrates. d. Endothermy. Therefore , d. endothermy is correct .

Endothermy, also known as warm-bloodedness, is a distinctive characteristic of mammals that sets them apart from many other vertebrates.

Endothermic animals, including mammals, can regulate their internal body temperature independently of the external environment.

This ability allows them to maintain a relatively stable and warm body temperature, even in varying environmental conditions.

Importance of Endothermy:

Endothermy offers several advantages, such as enhanced metabolic efficiency, faster reaction times, and increased endurance.

Mammals can adapt to diverse habitats and climates, from cold arctic regions to hot deserts, due to their capacity to generate internal heat and maintain a suitable body temperature for essential physiological processes.

Contrast with Ectothermy:

In contrast, ectothermic animals, like reptiles and amphibians, rely on external sources of heat to regulate their body temperature.

They cannot maintain a constant internal temperature and are often referred to as cold-blooded.

Their metabolism and activity levels are influenced by the surrounding environment.

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Answer:

E: nitrogen is much more electronegative than hydrogen.

Explanation:

in paulings scale hydrogen is 2.1 and nitrogen is 3...so

nitrogen is much more electronegative than hydrogen.

Answer:

The answer to your question is letter E. Nitrogen is much more electronegative than hydrogen.

Explanation:

Talking about bonding, we must know that there are two main types of bonds.

- Ionic bonds: these bonds are formed when we combine metal and a nonmetal and the electronegativity between these elements is higher than 1.7.

- Covalent bonds are formed when two nonmetals are combined. There are two kinds of covalent bonds:

  a) Nonpolar, the electronegativity between the nonmetals is between 0 and 0.5.

  b) Polar, the electronegativity between the nonmetals is between 0.5 and 1.7.

In this problem, the difference of electronegativity between nitrogen (3.04) and hydrogen (2.2) is 0.84, then this molecule has a polar bond.

Answer:

a carolus linnaeus

Explanation:

The scientist who coined the name Homo sapiens for human beings and placed them in a higher taxonomic group he called primates was: Carolus Linnaeus

hi,i am user in indonesia.in indonesia i am haikalhama /expert

Answer:

[tex]\frac{1}{8}[/tex]

Explanation:

Straight wings are dominant over curved wings

Let Straight wings : H

curved wings : t

smooth eyes are dominant to sparkling eyes

let smooth eyes = H

spark ling eyes = t

tan body is dominant to ebony body color.

Again; Let tan body color be H

Let ebony color be t

If flies that are heterozygous for all three traits are crossed;

we have HtHtHt × HtHtHt

Then the selected trihybrid traits for the cross will be (HHH,HHt, HtH, Htt, tHH, tHt, ttH, ttt)

We will realize that from the punnet square in the diagram below, the proportion of the offspring would you expect to be heterozygous for all three traits (i.e HtHtHt) is asterisk in the punnet square and will be [tex]\frac{8}{64}[/tex]

= [tex]\frac{1}{8}[/tex]

Answer:

[tex]\frac{1}{8}[/tex]

Explanation:

If flies that are heterozygous for all three traits are crossed; e.g HtHtHt crosses with HtHtHt. The proportion of the offspring that would be expected to be heterozygous for all three traits will be: 1/8 because 50% (0.5) of their offspring will be heterozygous for just one trait. Therefore for three traits; we have (0.5)³= 0.125

0.125 is equivalent to [tex]\frac{1}{8}[/tex]

From the table, the area of the asterisk region illustrate the traits that are heterozygous in the offspring.

= [tex]\frac{8}{64}[/tex]

= [tex]\frac{1}{8}[/tex]

Answer:

150 microns

Explanation:

0.45mm is converted into microns by multiplying by 1000

0.45*100=450 microns

Therefore if 450 microns= 3 cells

                                      ? =1 cell

1*450/3= 150 microns

To find the length of one cell, divide the diameter of the field of view by the number of cells that can fit lengthwise.

To find the length of one cell, we need to divide the diameter of the field of view by the number of cells that can fit lengthwise. In this case, the field of view is 0.45 mm in diameter and three cells can fit lengthwise. Dividing the diameter by the number of cells gives us 0.45 mm ÷ 3 = 0.15 mm. Therefore, each cell is 0.15 mm long.

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Answer:

Eugenics

Explanation:

This is the practise whose objective is to improve  the genome, genetic quality   and composition of  individual organisms of human race. The practise involved the, application of principle of selective breeding aided with advanced technology, removal of undesired traits (which are regarded as inferior)and retaining or adding  viable, high vigour  traits  (superior)  to the genome of the organism.

Selective breeding is the choosing or careful selection of parents with desirable  traits or quality  and crossing or  mating them  to produce offspring (hybrid) of  good vigour or  desirable characteristic  

It was first used  in 1883 by Sir Francis Galton, who projected that the dynamism   of  human race for the future can be attained by selectively selecting desirable traits in individuals  at the expense  of undesirable ones.He concluded that aristocrats attained their status  because  of good genetic make up compare to the plebeians.

Critics  of this practice  pointed that;

1.it subjected the organisms to abuse  because the principle or laws  guiding the genetic selection depends  political  power of the group operating at the time.

2 it also violate basic human  right with respect to right to reproduce' as the breeder determine when, who and how to reproduce

3. The practise also lead to loss concept of  variation from poor specie diversity because  the random  mechanisms  leading to variation  has been replaced with selectively controlled human efforts

In translation, tRNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome to build a polypeptide chain. The binding of tRNAs to the ribosome occurs at three sites: the A site, the P site, and the E site. The configuration immediately before a new peptide bond forms involves the A site being occupied by the incoming aminoacyl tRNA, the P site being occupied by the peptidyl tRNA, and the E site being empty.

In translation, tRNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome to build a polypeptide chain. The binding of tRNAs to the ribosome occurs at three sites: the A site, the P site, and the E site. The A site holds the incoming aminoacyl tRNA, the P site holds the peptidyl tRNA, and the E site is the exit site for the now uncharged tRNA.

Immediately before a new peptide bond forms, the configuration of tRNAs on the ribosome would be as follows:

This configuration allows for the formation of a peptide bond between the amino acid on the A site tRNA and the polypeptide chain on the P site tRNA.

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The configuration before a new peptide bond forms on the ribosome involves binding tRNAs to specific sites. The A site holds the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA, the P site holds the peptidyl-tRNA with the growing polypeptide chain, and the E site holds the tRNA that has released its amino acid.

The configuration immediately before a new peptide bond forms on the ribosome involves the binding of tRNAs to specific sites. The A site (aminoacyl site) holds the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA, the P site (peptidyl site) holds the peptidyl-tRNA with the growing polypeptide chain, and the E site (exit site) holds the tRNA that has released its amino acid.

Therefore, to show the configuration before a new peptide bond forms, you would position the tRNA with the incoming aminoacyl-tRNA in the A site, the tRNA with the growing polypeptide chain in the P site, and leave the E site empty.

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Answer:

Hydrogen Bonds

Explanation:

The arrangement of phospholipid bilayer of plasma membrane is such that ; the polar phospholipid heads  point outwards into the watery external environments. This Polar environment is Hydrophilic  or water loving, while the water- hating hydrophobic tail  region pointed inwards away from the watery medium.

This gives  the usual bilayer  shape to the plasma membrane,with the tail facing one another and heads outward.

The hydrogen bond is formed as inter molecular forces  between the hydrogen atom (positive side)of water molecule and oxygen atom (negative side)of the polar molecules e.g glucose, to form an idea dipole -dipole  force interactions,

Polar Compounds,  glucose, urea dissolved easily in hyrophilic  watery environment  to from Hydrogen bonds with water

The correct answer is Hydrogen bond a dipole dipole  force

Answer:

Answer is D. Pseudopodia.

Explanation:

Pseudopodia are described as a temporary extension of the cytoplasm. These are found in some certain unicellular protists like amoeba.

The pseudopodia is useful for movement and ingestion. They are useful in capturing or engulfing prey for a process known as phagocytosis.

Final answer:

Amoebas are characterized by their use of pseudopodia, which are lobe-like extensions that allow them to move and feed. These are different from cilia and flagella used by other organisms for locomotion. The correct answer is (d) pseudopodia.

Explanation:

The cellular structure characteristic of amoebas is pseudopodia. Amoebas use these lobe-like extensions to move and anchor themselves to surfaces. Unlike other structures such as cilia, which are hair-like appendages used by organisms like Paramecium for locomotion, or flagella, which are whip-like tails used by organisms like Euglena for propulsion, pseudopodia are unique to amoebas and some other organisms that use them for movement and feeding.

When an amoeba moves, it extends a pseudopodium towards the direction in which it wants to move and then the rest of the cell's contents flow into this extension. This method of movement is known as amoeboid motion. Therefore, the correct answer to which of the following cellular structures is characteristic of amoebas is (d) pseudopodia.