Which of the following is a chemical property of a mineral?
Answer:
Properties that help geologists identify a mineral in a rock are: color, hardness, luster, crystal forms, density, and cleavage. ... Color and density are determined primarily by the chemical composition. Minerals are classified on the basis of their chemical composition.
The chemical properties of a mineral refer to its composition and how it reacts with other substances, such as its solubility in water, acid, or its resistance to heat and electricity.
Explanation:The chemical properties of a mineral include its composition and how it reacts with other substances. For instance, a mineral's ability to dissolve in acid or its resistance to heat and electricity.
One example of this is Halite (NaCl), a mineral that is soluble in water. It is composed of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) ions
When these ions come into contact with water, they dissolve, which is a chemical property. So, the solubility of Halite in water is a chemical property of this mineral.
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c. Under normal conditions, carbon dioxide gas turns directly into a solid as
it is cooled. What could be done to make carbon dioxide form a liquid?
Explanation:
I think for changing Co 2. to liquid is cooling and high pressure condition .
I hope it's useful.
Under specific conditions of high pressure and low temperature, carbon dioxide gas can turn into a liquid. This requires exceeding the carbon dioxide's triple point, which is 5.1 atmospheres of pressure and -56.6 degrees Celsius.
Explanation:To turn carbon dioxide gas into liquid form, you would need to create specific conditions of high pressure and low temperature.
Under normal atmospheric pressure, carbon dioxide will sublimate (change directly from a solid to a gas), skipping the liquid phase as it is cooled. However, if the carbon dioxide is subjected to a pressure greater than 5.1 atmospheres at a temperature below -56.6 degrees Celsius, it will turn into a liquid rather than a solid. This is known as the triple point of a substance, the specific set of conditions where a substance can exist in all three states - solids, liquids and gases.
So, basically to make carbon dioxide form a liquid, you would need to increase the pressure and decrease the temperature to a point above its triple point.
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Item 6
The western shoreline of a continent in the Northern Hemisphere runs directly in a north-south direction.
Prevailing winds blowing from the __________ will produce coastal upwelling.
Which word best completes the sentence?
north
east
west
south
Item 6
The western shoreline of a continent in the Northern Hemisphere runs directly in a north-south direction.
Prevailing winds blowing from the __________ will produce coastal upwelling.
Which word best completes the sentence?
north
east
west
south
Answer:
north is the word that best completes the sentence
Answer:
It's west.
Explanation:
I picked north and got it wrong. I'm not sure why it's wrong but it is -_-
How did scientist discover that earths outer core is liquid
The two observation made them came to the conclusion that earth's outer core is liquid is, 'Shear waves' one of energy waves do not travel through the outer layer and the magnetic field found in earth's surface
Explanation:
Shear waves are nothing but caused by shear force, it forms as a result of earthquakes.Shear force is defined as the force you need to rub two solid objects. Scientist found that shear waves disappear when it reaches the outer core of the earth and re-appears when it reaches the inner core of the earth.As we all know, earth has a magnetic field which reaches the atmosphere, for this either there should be a permanent magnet inside the core of the earth or ionized molecules flow in the liquid.Earth cannot have a permanent magnet in the core because of the high temperature at the core hence, the other option is feasible.Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
00
When a liquid is cooled, the kinetic energy of the particles
the space between the particles
between the particles
, and the matter changes its state to solid.
i
When a liquid is cooled, the kinetic energy of the particles decrease and the space between the particles also decrease, and the matter changes its state to solid.
Explanation:Liquid is the state of matter which is one of the fluid, and its denser than gases but rarer than solids. The particles of liquid have a particular amount of kinetic energy which depends on the temperature of the liquid. As the temperature is decreased, the energy content of the matter as a whole decreases. This in turn, decrease the energy levels of individual molecules, and the kinetic energy of the molecule also decrease.
As the kinetic energy of the molecules decrease, the collision between the molecules decrease. This brings the molecules closer, binding them into the van der Waal's force. Thus they condense into solids.
Which term related to electromagnetism applies only to magnetic force
A. Attraction
B. Poles
C. Noncontact
D. Protons
Answer: option B. Poles
Explanation:
Answer:
B. Poles
Explanation:
Which mineral is ranked highest on the Mohs scale? A.Talc incorrect answer B.Calcite incorrect answer C.Quartz incorrect answer D.Diamond incorrect answer
Answer:
Lol what ya in the same class? Like ya see each other everyday wth
Explanation:
Ex: ya really need sum help
In the provided question, Diamond is ranked the highest on Moh's scale with a score of 10. This means that it is the hardest mineral on the scale and is able to scratch all other minerals. Option D is the correct option.
The Moh's scale is a system for measuring the hardness of minerals based on their ability to scratch other materials. The scale ranges from 1 to 10, with 1 being the softest and 10 being the hardest.
Talc is the softest mineral on the Mohs scale, with a score of 1.
Calcite has a score of 3 and quartz has a score of 7.
Diamond is the hardest mineral on the scale, and it is able to scratch all other minerals.
Therefore, option D. Diamond is the correct choice.
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An empty beaker weighs 49.03 g. When completely filled with water, the beaker and its contents have a total mass of 267.05 g. What volume does the beaker hold? Use d = 1.00 g/mL as the density of water.
Answer:
218.02 mL
Explanation:
Data Given:
weight of the empty beaker = 49.03 g
weight of water and beaker = 267.05 g
density of water = 1 g/mL
Solution:
As we know that the volume that beaker hold is the volume of water that occupied by it.
For this first we have to find mass of the water in the beaker
This can be calculated by the subtraction of beaker's weight from the weight of beaker and water.
weight of water (m) = total weight - weight of beaker
put values in the above formula
weight of water (m) = 267.05 g - 49.03 g
weight of water (m) = 218.02 g
To find volume we will use density formula
d = m/v
rearrange the above equation to calculate volume
v = m/d . . . . . . . (1)
put values in equation 1
v = 218.02 g / 1 (g/mL)
v = 218.02 mL
The volume that beaker hold = 218.02 mL
a science class did an experiment in which two substances were mixed. After 15 minutes, everything looks the same, but the students noticed an odor coming from the experiment. What does this likely indicate?
a.) a liquid was formed.
b.) a temperature change occurred
c.) a chemical reaction occurred
D.) a physical change occurred
Answer:
C a chemical reaction formed
Explanation:
if something changes smell and nothing else it is a chemical reaction, every other answer does not make sense
Answer:
chemical reaction
Explanation:
nothing changed with the appearance of how it looks
What is the [H+] in acid rain that has a pH of 5.6?
How would I do a problem like this? Step by step if possible.
The [H+] in the acid rain which has a pH of 5.6 is Hydrogen ion which dissociates from the acidic Carbonic acid.
Explanation:
Pure water is neutral (pH=7). However, the pH of natural, unpolluted rainwater is 5.6 which is acidic. The rainwaters acidity is from SO₂, CO₂, and NO and these are three substance which is found in the lowermost layer of the atmosphere.Carbonic acid formed by the reaction of CO₂ and water which then dissociates to give the hydrogen ion (H+) and the hydrogen carbonate ion (HCO₃-). The ability of H₂CO₃ to deliver H+ says this molecule as an acid.CO₂ + H₂O ----> H₂CO₃
H₂CO₃ ----------> [H+] + [HCO₃-]
Using the equation,
pH = - log [H+] , we can solve for [H+] as following,
- pH = log [H+] ,
[H+] = 10-pH,
Exponentiating on both sides with base 10. The hydrogen ion concentration is,
[H+] = 10-5.6 = 0.0000025 = 2.51 × 10-6 M.
Glial cells are
cells that support neurons.
cells that produce sweat.
cells that transmit messages.
cells that sometimes attack the nervous
system.
Answer:
Cells that support neurons
Many kinds of animals eat blackberries. Which of the following will most likely happen to the seeds of a blackberry plant after the fruit is eaten by an animal?
Answer:
The seed of the blackberry will be released in the faeces of the organisms. The seed of the blackberries will be distributed to different locations. When the seed will be dropped to a favourable location, the seed will germinate and a plant will grow from it. In this way, seeds are able to be dispersed at more favourable locations via animal sources. Hence, they will have better chances of growing in different areas.
Answer: The seeds will be deposited in the animal's waste so that they can grow into a new blackberry plant
Explanation:
Explain why components that are naturally found in air can be considered air pollutants.
Answer:
Components of air, like carbon dioxide, can be considered pollutants when human activity causes their concentration to be larger than normal. At higher concentrations, naturally occurring gases can have undesirable consequences on the environment. High levels of carbon dioxide can cause an increase in Earth’s temperature.
The naturally occurring components of the air become when the level of any component rises above the normal level. Therefore, carbon dioxide can be a pollutant if its concentration rises too much.
What are air pollutants?Air pollutants can be described as substances in the air that could present at high concentrations, and harm human beings, vegetation, animals, or material.
Air pollutants include types of matter of any natural or artificial components capable of being airborne. Air pollution can be any physical, chemical, or biological change in the air. Air pollution can be described as the contamination of air by harmful gases, smoke, and dust.
In the atmosphere of the earth, there is a certain percentage or range of gases. Any increase or decrease in the concentration of these gases can be harmful to survival. This imbalance in the gases can result in an increase in the earth’s temperature known as global warming.
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A gas occupies 547 L at 331K. Find its volume at 376K. You must show all of your work to receive credit. Also, name the gas law you used to solve the problem.
1 point- Identify which of the Gas Laws you used to solve the problem.
3 points- Show your work on solving the problem.
A gas occupies 97 mL at 130 kPa. Find its volume at 225 kPa You must show all of your work to receive credit. Also, name the gas law you used to solve the problem.
1 point- Identify which of the Gas Laws you used to solve the problem.
3 points- Show your work on solving the problem.
PLEASE HELP IM SO LOST ILL MARK BRAINLIEST
Answer:
Explanation:
The gas law used to solve the problems is Charles's law . It states with no pressure or energy change, the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its temperature in Kelvin.
A gas occupies 547 L at 331K.
So its volume at 376K is
= 547 / 331 * 376
= 621.37 L
The gas law used to solve the problem is Boyle's law . It states with no temperature or energy change, the volume of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its pressure.
A gas occupies 97 mL at 130 kPa.
So its volume at 225 kPa is
= 97 * 130 / 225
= 56.04 mL
#1
Apply charles law
[tex]\\ \rm\Rrightarrow V1T2=V2T1[/tex]
[tex]\\ \rm\Rrightarrow V2=\dfrac{V1T2}{T1}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \rm\Rrightarrow V2=\dfrac{547(376)}{341}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \rm\Rrightarrow V2=603.1L[/tex]
#2
Apply boyles law
[tex]\\ \rm\Rrightarrow P1V1=P2V2[/tex]
[tex]\\ \rm\Rrightarrow 130(97)=225V2[/tex]
[tex]\\ \rm\Rrightarrow V2=56.04mL[/tex]
which area of chemistry deals with the mechanism the rate and the energy transfer that occurs when the matter undergoes a change?
a. bio
b. organic
c. unorganic
d. physical
Answer:D physical chemistry
Explanation:when a matter undergo changes i.e transit from one form to another is a study that falls under physical chemistry,basically those changes can be seen,for example water at temperature below 0^°c is seen as ice,a solid structure completely different in structure, characteristics from water while at 100^°c ,it forms vapor a gas .this process involves latent heat and heat capacity and can be actually calculated to understand the mechanism involved.
Which of the following will most likely happen if the pancreas does not produce sufficient glucagon?
1. Blood sugar will decrease because glucagon increases blood sugar when it falls too low.
2. Blood sugar will increase because glucagon increases blood sugar when it falls too low.
3. Blood sugar will decrease because glucagon lowers blood sugar when it rises too high.
4. Blood sugar will increase because glucagon lowers blood sugar when it rises too high.
Answer:
1. Blood sugar will decrease because glucagon increases blood sugar when it falls too low.
How many moles are in 123.0grams of KCIO4?
Answer:
first.....lets calculate the molar mass of KClO4
39+35.5+16*4
39+35.5+64
=138.5g/mol
so that mean every mole have 138.5g...got that?
138.5g = 1mole
123g=x mole
123/138.5=x
x=0.888mol
Answer:
Number of moles = mass /molar mass
= 123 g/ 242.0111 g/mol
= 0.508 mol
Explanation:
A science teacher has a supply of 20% saline solution and a supply of 50% saline solution. How much of each solution should the teacher mix together to get 60 mL of 28% saline solution for an experiment? (1 point)
A) 16 mL of the 20% solution and 44 mL of the 50% solution
B) 44 mL of the 20% solution and 16 mL of the 50% solution
C) 16 mL of the 20% solution and 16 mL of the 50% solution
D) 44 mL of the 20% solution and 44 mL of the 50% solutionhow many solutions does the system of equations have y-6x=-3 and 4y-24x=-16
Answer:
B)Explanation:
[tex]\text{Let}\\\\x-\text{a volume of}\ 20\%\ \text{saline solution}\\\\y-\text{a volume of }\ 50\%\ \text{saline solution}\\\\p\%=\dfrac{p}{100}\\\\20\%=\dfrac{20}{100}=\dfrac{2}{10}=0.2\\\\50\%=\dfrac{50}{100}=\dfrac{5}{10}=0.5\\\\0.2x-\text{a volume of salt in }\ 20\%\ \text{saline solution}\\0.5y-\text{a volume of salt in }\ 50\%\ \text{saline solution}\\\\60mL-\text{a volume of}\ 28\%\ \text{saline solution}\\\\28\%=\dfrac{28}{100}=0.28[/tex]
[tex]0.28\cdot60mL=16.8mL-\text{a volume of salt in }\ 28\%\ \text{saline solution}\\\\\text{Equations}\\\\(1)\qquad x+y=60\\(2)\qquad0.2x+0.5y=16.8[/tex]
[tex]\left\{\begin{array}{ccc}x+y=60\\0.2x+0.5y=168&\text{multiply both sides by 10}\end{array}\right\\\left\{\begin{array}{ccc}x+y=60&\text{multiply both sides by (-2)}\\2x+5y=168}\end{array}\right\\\underline{+\left\{\begin{array}{ccc}-2x-2y=-120\\2x+5y=168}\end{array}\right}\qquad\text{add both sides of the equations}\\.\qquad3y=48\qquad\text{divide both sides by 3}\\.\qquad y=16[/tex]
[tex]\text{Put the value of}\ y\ \text{to the first equation:}\\\\x+16=60\qquad\text{subtract 16 from both sides}\\x=44[/tex]
B) 44 mL of the 20% solution and 16 mL of the 50% solution.
The calculation is as follows:Here we used "Mixture Allegation" to determine the quantity of each solution:
Ist type of solution II nd type of solution
20% 50%
28%
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50%-28% : 28%-20%
22% : 8%
11 : 4
There is total quantity of 60 ml of solution.
So, Quantity of 20% solution in the mixture is provided by
[tex]\frac{11}{15} \times 60 = 11\times 4 = 44 ml[/tex]
And, Quantity of 50% solution in the mixture is provided by
[tex]\frac{4}{15} \times 60 = 11\times 4 = 16 ml[/tex]
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7.Which physical property requires no tools, scales, or other equipment to determine?
A.Hardness incorrect answer
B.Fracture incorrect answer
C.Color incorrect answer
D.Cleavage incorrect answer
Answer:
C.
Explanation:
Color
Colour is a physical property that requires no tools, scales, or other equipment to determine. So the correct option is C.
What is colour?
It is the aspect of any object that is described by hue, lightness, and saturation. In physical terms, colour is specifically associated with electromagnetic radiation that is of a certain range of wavelengths. This range of wavelengths is visible to the human eye. The radiation of such wavelengths makes up that part of the electromagnetic spectrum that is known as the visible spectrum or light.
In the perception of colour, vision is involved. A person can see even in dim light, however, in that case, a person is not able to differentiate between colours. When more light is present, colours start to appear clearly. Sometimes, the light of a particular critical intensity is also necessary for the perception of colour.
Lastly, the way the response of the brain to the present visual stimuli is also considered. The same object may appear pink to one and green to another. Thus, the perception of colour is dependent on vision, light, and individual interpretation. It also depends on the understanding of colour which involves physics, physiology, and psychology.
Therefore, the correct option is C.
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A column is filled with four different liquids of different densities. A red liquid, a blue liquid, a green liquid, and a purple liquid are all added into the column. This chart shows the densities of the liquids.
A 2-column table with 4 rows titled densities of liquids. The first column titled Liquids has entries red, blue, green, purple The second column has entries 1.2 grams per centimeter cubed, 1.6 grams per centimeter cubed, 0.8 grams per centimeter cubed, 0.1 grams per centimeter cubed.
In what order would the liquids would arrange themselves, from top to bottom?
1.blue, red, purple, green.
2.purple, green, red, blue.
3.purple, green, blue, red.
4.blue, red, green, purple.
The liquids will arrange themselves in the order; purple, green, red, blue.
Density is defined as the mass per unit volume of a substance. Usually, in a mixture of liquids, the liquid with lower density is found at the top while liquids with higher densities are found below.
In this problem, we know the following;
Density of red liquid - 1.2 grams per centimeter cubed
Density of blue liquid - 1.6 grams per centimeter cubed
Density of green liquid - 0.8 grams per centimeter cubed
Density of purple liquid- 0.1 grams per centimeter cubed
The liquids will therefore arrange themselves in the order; purple, green, red, blue.
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Calculate the volume of hydrogen needed to saturate the double bonds in 100 g of linoleic acid (RMM = 280).
The answer is 17.28 dm^3
Answer:
15.99 dm³
Explanation:
The molecular formula of Linoleic acid is C₁₈H₃₂O₂. As shown in attached figure, the Linoleic acid contains two double bonds hence we can say that in the Hydrogenation reaction of Linoleic acid 2 mole of H₂ are added across the two double bonds to make it saturated (Stearic acid).
The balance chemical equation for the hydrogenation of Linoleic acid is as follow:
C₁₈H₃₂O₂ + 2 H₂ → C₁₈H₃₆O₂
Calculating moles of Linoleic acid:
Moles = Mass / M/Mass
Moles = 100 g / 280 g/mol
Moles = 0.357 moles Linoleic acid
Calculating moles of Hydrogen:
According to equation:
1 mole C₁₈H₃₂O₂ required = 2 moles of H₂
So,
0.357 moles Linoleic acid will require = X moles of H₂
Solving for X,
X = 2 moles × 0.357 moles / 1 mole
X = 0.714 moles of H₂
Calculating volume of Hydrogen Gas:
Let us assume that the volume is calculated at standart temperature (273.15 K) and pressure (1 atm). We know that STP,
1 mole of gas occupies = 22.4 dm³ of volume
So,
0.714 moles of gas will occupy = X dm³ of volume
Solving for X,
X = 22.4 dm³ × 0.714 moles / 1 mole
X = 15.99 dm³
Note: As the answer is not 17.28 dm³ so it means that the conditions for gas like temperature and pressure are different and are not mentioned in statement. Hence, if the conditions are known then one can use ideal gas equation i.e. PV=nRT to solve for volume.
Please help thank you;) well
Answer: a. 2K + I2 => 2 KI
Explanation: Potassium or K is in group 1 so its oxidation is 1+ while Iodine is in group 7 so its oxidation is -1. Iodine is expressed as I2 when written individually. So the reaction is K reacts with I2 to produce KI. Then balance the equation by adding 2 to K and 2 to KI to balance the equation.
3. Calculate the mass of each of the following quantities:
a. 2.41 x 1024 molecules of hydrogen, Hz:
Answer:
8g
Explanation:
2g of H2 contains 6.02x1023 molecules, therefore, Xg of H2 will contain 2.41x1024 molecules
Xg of H2 = 2x2.41x1024/6.02x1023
The mass of 2.41 x 10²⁴ molecules of hydrogen (H₂) is 8.08 g.
To calculate the mass of 2.41 x 10²⁴ molecules of hydrogen (H₂), we need to follow these steps:
1. Determine the number of moles of H₂ molecules.
2. Calculate the molar mass of H₂.
3. Find the mass of the given quantity of molecules.
Step-by-Step Calculation
1. Determine the number of moles of H₂ molecules:
The number of molecules can be converted to moles using Avogadro's number [tex](6.022 \times 10^{23} \text{ molecules/mol})[/tex].
[tex]\text{Number of moles} = \frac{\text{Number of molecules}}{\text{Avogadro's number}}\\\\\text{Number of moles} = \frac{2.41 \times 10^{24} \text{ molecules}}{6.022 \times 10^{23} \text{ molecules/mol}}\\\\\text{Number of moles} \approx 4.00 \text{ moles}[/tex]
2. Calculate the molar mass of H₂:
The molar mass of a hydrogen atom (H) is approximately 1.01 g/mol. Therefore, the molar mass of H₂ is:
[tex]\text{Molar mass of H}_2 = 2 \times 1.01 \text{ g/mol} = 2.02 \text{ g/mol}[/tex]
3. Find the mass of the given quantity of H₂ molecules:
[tex]\text{Mass} = \text{Number of moles} \times \text{Molar mass} \\\\\text{Mass} = 4.00 \text{ moles} \times 2.02 \text{ g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass} = 8.08 \text{ g}[/tex]
The mass of 2.41 x 10²⁴ molecules of hydrogen (H₂) is 8.08 g.
PLEASE HELP
The average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance is directly proportional to the
A molar mass of the substance
B Fahrenheit temperature
C Kelvin temperature
D Celsius temperature
A: Molar Mass
Because the mass is distributed along a specific matter, depending on the kinetic energy used, it will directly be connected to the atoms mass
Name
Prelaboratory Assignment 1
Show work for credit!
Section
25 pts
1. A dry beaker weighing 45.48 g is completely filled with water and reweighed. The filled
flask was found to have a mass of 78.648 g at is 25 °C. The mass of water required to fill
the flask is--
The mass of water required to fill the flask is 33.17 g
Why?
To find the mass of water required to fill the flask we have to apply the weight by difference method.
It consists in determining the difference between the filled flask and the dry one. The difference is going to be the mass of water that was inside the flask, knowing that the total weight is the sum of the mass of the water and the dry flask.
Knowing that we can use the following equation:
[tex]massH_2O=Total Mass-MassDryBeaker=78.648g-45.48g=33.17g[/tex]
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Lucia drew a diagram to compare animal cells and plant cells. Which label belongs in the area marked Y?
Answer:
Golgi body
Explanation:
Answer:
cell wall i think
Explanation:
i think because bacteria dont have a cell wall
Which molecule is a stereoisomers of cis-2-Pantene
Answer: tans - 2-pantene
Explanation:
Why does 5060 have three significant figures?
Explanation:
Significant figures
The significant figures (also known as the significant digits and decimal places) of a number are digits that possess certain meaning .
It includes all digits except: zeros
Rules to find significant figures
1.All non-zero digits are considered significant. For example, 23 has two significant figures.
2.Zeros in between two non-zero digits are significant: like in 202.1201 has seven significant figures.
3.Zeros to the left of the significant figures are not significant. For example, .000021 has two significant figures, zeros have no value .
4.Zeros to the right of the significant figures are significant.
That is the reason in number 5060 , it has 3 significant figures .
Mercury freezes at -38.9C. What is the coldest temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, that can be measured by using a mercury thermometer?
Answer:
Liquid thermometers can be limited by the type of liquid used. Mercury, for instance, becomes a solid at -38.83 degrees Celsius (-37.89 degrees Fahrenheit). Mercury thermometers cannot measure temperatures below this point.:
Mercury freezes at -38.9°C, which is equivalent to -37.22°F, making it the coldest temperature that can be measured using a mercury thermometer.
Explanation:Mercury freezes at -38.9°C. To convert this temperature to Fahrenheit, we can use the formula: F = (C * 9/5) + 32. Plugging in the value of -38.9°C, we get: F = (-38.9 * 9/5) + 32 = -37.22°F. Therefore, the coldest temperature that can be measured using a mercury thermometer is -37.22°F.
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What does the monomer unit of Polyester look like? And what’s its chemical formula?
Answer:
The monomers of polyesters are,
(i) A Dicarboxylic Acid
(ii) A Dialcohol
Explanation:
As depicted from name polyester is a macromolecule which contains numerous ester functional groups. Ester is formed by the condensation of Carboxylic acid and alcohol as shown,
R-COOH + R'OH → RCOOR' + H₂O
Therefore, in order to utilize this reaction for the formation of long chain of polyesters then one can use a dicarboxylic compounds and dialcohol compounds. This will allow to propagate the chain length depending upon the requirement. Hence, the general reaction for the formation of polyester is shown below. The circle and rectangle specifies different moieties which imparts different characters to the polyester.
Final answer:
The monomer unit of Polyester is made from a reaction between a dicarboxylic acid and a dihydric alcohol, forming ester bonds and water. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a common type of polyester formed from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. Polymers have diverse properties and uses based on their composition.
Explanation:
The monomer unit of Polyester typically consists of a dicarboxylic acid combined with a dihydric alcohol, which during a condensation polymerization process, reacts to form an ester bond and water as a byproduct. The chemical formula of this reaction involves two major functional groups: -COOH (carboxylic acid) and -OH (alcohol). In the case of Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is the most common polyester, terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol are the monomers that condense to form the repeating units of the polymer.
Polyester is synthesized through a condensation reaction, also known as dehydration synthesis, where each ester linkage formed results in the production of a molecule of water. This is different from hydrolysis reactions, which break down polymers into monomers using water.
Properties and Uses of Polymers:
Properties of polymers such as strength, elasticity, and thermal stability can vary widely depending on their chemical composition.Common uses of polymers include clothing, packaging materials, and components in various mechanical and structural applications.