How could you increase the magnitude of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) generated at a synapse?

Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

Remaining part of the question

Based on these facts, does alonzo have a potential claim against the accounting firm?

Solution

As per the theory of Promissory estoppel a promise made by an employer or entity to an individual/entity or any other subject even without any formal consideration cannot breach the promise on any basis including the any incident causing sudden crisis in organization.  

The same happened with Alonzo and hence he can claim against his employer on the basis of Promissory estoppel theory.

The scenario is about law, specifically contract law and the concept of promissory estoppel. Alonzo took significant action based on a job offer that was later withdrawn, and thus may have a valid claim for compensation.

The situation Alonzo faces can be categorized under contract law. In this particular case, it seems that Alonzo might have a valid claim for promissory estoppel, a legal principle that stops a party from going back on a promise that led another party to act on that promise, suffering damages as a result.

Here, the California firm made a promise to Alonzo (employment), which he relied on to make significant life changes. The California firm did not follow through on their promise, resulting in damages for Alonzo (relocation expenses, lost opportunities). If Alonzo can prove these points in a court of law, he may be able to successfully claim compensation for his losses.

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Answer:

mitochondria, chloroplast

Explanation:

According to the endosymbiotic theory chloroplast and mitochondria in eukaryotes are originated from phagocytosis of different bacteria by an ancestral cell.

The theory says that an ancestral cell engulfed a non-photosynthetic bacteria and did not digest it but evolved with it which gave rise to mitochondria in eukaryotic cells.

This theory also tells that chloroplast is originated by the phagocytosis of a photosynthetic prokaryote like cyanobacteria by ancestral cell. The genetic similarities of these organelles with bacteria proves this theory.

Answer:

Archaeal genomes are typically organized as circular genomes.

True

Explanation:

The genomes pf archael are arranged in circular form just like that of bacteria

Different genes are activated in the blood cell than in the liver cell.

Explanation:

All the cells in the body contain the same number of genes and genetic material DNA but not all genes are expressed in a single cell.

The highly regulated process of the genes in molecular biology promotes the expression of particular gene required.

Signals from the cell environment activate the transcription factor that binds to regulatory regions of the gene, hence transcribing and making proteins for the same.

The genes for both blood cell and the liver are different but will be present in all the somatic cells, the regulatory mechanism will choose the required gene to be transcribed.

Answer: (a) Haploid (b) asexually (c) mitosis (d) sexually.

Explanation: Chlamydomonas which is a chlorophyte, undergoes a Haploid life cycle common to algae. In favorable conditions, it reproduces Asexually via Mitosis, while in unfavorable conditions, it reproduces Sexually , producing a zygospore which undergoes a period of dormancy until improved conditions.

Answer:

Refractory period

Explanation:

The refractory period is the time interval after the beginning of an action potential. During this time, neurons can not fire the next action potential irrespective of the presence of a threshold stimulus. This occurs so as to ensure the unidirectional flow of the nerve impulses. The absolute refractory period occurs when the Na+ channels are activated and then inactivated. These inactive channels are required to resume the resting stage before they can reopen.

Answer:

B. Variation in beak size was present in the population of finches prior to the start of the study

Explanation:

Hello! Charles Darwin arrived in the Galapagos Islands in 1835 and noticed that the finches had a different peak. This difference he observed in birds was what made him think that the species were not stable, but that they changed their physical characteristics to adapt to the pressures of the environment

Answer:b

Explanation:because it separates green pigment from leafs

Answer:

A

Explanation:

The possible number of amino acid residues in the peptide composed entirely of alpha-helical structure and found to contain an integer number of complete turns is 36

Answer:

Psychology, social, communal, physical, economic and political

Explanation:

Gitterman (2014) explains that many of the problems faced by people " are outcomes of complex ecological chains that include attributes of the individual's, psychology, social, communal, physical, economic and political behaviours.

Answer:

The correct answer is "genetic, biophychosocial makeup, recreational resources general culture and subculture, social class and the overall polity"

Explanation:

According to the book of Alex Gitterman and Carel B. Germain "The Life Model of Social Work Practice. Advances in Theory and Practice", many problems that people face respect to ecology are determined by "attributes of the individual's genetic, biophychosocial makeup, recreational resources general culture and subculture, social class and the overall polity". In this book the authors explain how social pathologies are developed respect to the individual attributes and the ecological perspective of these pathologies.

Answer: 12 per cent

Explanation:

The REM sleep is associated with the prolonged erections males and  pelvic thrusting in the females.

It is not being pursued for further studies as a concern of the function of REM sleep. The Yu and Fu found that the sleep involves the dreams about sexual activity.

The desires and fantasy of the real life appears to be complete in the dreams and 12 per cent of the total population see these dreams.

The specified study by Yu and Fu (2011) does not provide an exact percentage of dreams that involve sexual activity. The frequency of such dreams varies greatly among individuals, influenced by factors like age, hormones, and personal experiences. It's universally agreed upon that sexual dreams are normal.

Unfortunately, the study by Yu and Fu (2011) does not provide a specific percentage for how many dreams are reported to involve sexual activity.

It's important to note that the frequency of sexual dreams can vary significantly from one individual to another, and can be influenced by various factors such as age, hormonal levels, and personal experiences. Some estimates suggest that about 8% of dreams may have some sexual content, but this is not a consistent figure across all individuals and studies.

However, it is universally accepted that sexual dreams are a normal part of the human dreaming experience.

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Answer:

Basal cell carcinoma

Explanation:

Basal cell carcinoma is a common type of skin cancer,it appears as raised part in the skin that is painless with shiny blood vessel running over it or may be ulcerative

Answer:

Basal cell carcinoma. (BCC) .  

This occurs when exposure of the skin to ultraviolet rays damaged the DNA  of the exposed area by forming thymine dimer. Besides the UV exposure may also suppress  the   hormone surveillance mechanism ;enabling the  tumour cells   in the basal cells to escape the immune surveillance radar, leading to cancer growth.

 Thymine dimers are formed when two thymine molecules formed a complex by co-valent bond on the same single strand of  DNA. They  lead to mutation when their complex is replicated as a base, leading to frameshift mutation.

Exposure to radiation especially during childhood stage, having light skin, indoor tanning (which may prompt uncontrolled growth in the basal Cells) are among other causative factors.

Its appearances vary in structure,and skin pigmentation. it does not in most cases extend beyond the local areas. However if not given proper treatment attention it may disfigure the skin,causing massive damages by growing deep into the dermis to reach the blood through the subcutaneous tissue to the bone. It may also metastasize,(spread) causing cancerous growth in other parts of the body .

Treatment involve surgical removal.

Explanation:

Answer: Wellness

Explanation:

Wellness is an active process of practice behaviors and lifestyle choices that promote both physical and mental health. Wellness involves the practice of becoming aware of and making choices toward a healthy and fulfilling life. Wellness is more than being free from illness. it is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Maintaining an optimal level of wellness is absolutely crucial to live a higher quality life. Wellness matters.

Answer:

wellness

Explanation:

Answer:

A. two haploid gametes fuse to form a diploid cell

Explanation:

Meiosis is a type of cell division. When a parent cell with "2n" chromosomes enters the process of meiosis, four daughter cells each with "n" chromosomes are formed. This occurs since homologous chromosomes separate from each other during anaphase-I. However, meiosis does not include the fusion of two haploid cells. The fusion of two haploid cells mainly occurs during the process of fertilization during which a haploid male gamete and a haploid female gamete fuse to form a diploid zygote.

All stated events occur in meiosis except the one stating that sister chromatids separate during Meiosis I. The separation of sister chromatids actually happens in Meiosis II, not Meiosis I.

The process of meiosis involves several stages, each with distinct events. The main function of meiosis is to produce haploid gametes from a diploid cell. Specifically, one diploid cell divides to produce four haploid cells. Furthermore, chromosomes separate from each other which is a crucial event during meiosis.

However, the statement 'During meiosis I, sister chromatids separate from one another during meiosis II' is incorrect. In fact, the separation of sister chromatids occurs during anaphase of meiosis II, not meiosis I. Hence, all of the described events happen in the process of meiosis, except for sister chromatids separating during meiosis I.

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Answer:

Which statement about biological literacy is inaccurate?

Assuming that all bacteria can infect you because your mother told you so is an example of biological literacy

Explanation:

This not accurate as regards biology as science does not give room for guessing or assumptions, every hypothesis must have passed through rigorous processes such as observation, experiment, criticism, validation before they are either accepted or rejected in science. So the Assumption that all bacteria can infect you because your mother told you so is an example of biological literacy is not just an illusion but also a mockery of science. Every scientific studies must be validated before being published for the general public.

Answer:

Option C

Explanation:

Options for the question are -

a) Grassland

b) Tundra

c) Tropical Rain forest

d) Temperate

Solution -

Tropical rainforest also known as tropical wet forest and have higher rate of primary productivity as compared to any other biome because of the following reasons-  

a)  It has high precipitation which makes it an ideal place for plant communities.  

b) It has adequate annual temperature

c) It has a year round growing season which fuel the plants growth

All these factors are not present altogether in any on the biome due to which the productivity and diversity of tropical biome is higher

Hence, option C is correct

Answer:

Gregor's mother enquired, "Didn't you want to go somewhere" (line 89) rather than indicate that he's not early for work. Gregor's father called to the attention of how his son "sits with us in the kitchen and just reads the paper or studies train timetables" (lines 247-248), revealing how Gregor does not relate with his family. Gregor is not close to his parents.

Answer:

Gregor’s mother disapproves of her daughter’s selfish desire to alter Gregor’s bedroom.

Explanation:

Then, quietly, almost whispering as if wanting Gregor (whose whereabouts she did not know) to hear not even the tone of her voice, as she was convinced that he did not understand her words, she added “and by taking the furniture away, won’t it seem like we’re showing that we’ve given up all hope of improvement and we’re abandoning him to cope for himself? I think it’d be best to leave the room exactly the way it was before so that when Gregor comes back to us again he’ll find everything unchanged and he'll be able to forget the time in between all the easier.” ("The Metamorphosis," Part I, p. 9)

b. The one on the right

They will be inside the circle.

Explanation:

Phenylalnine is an aromatic amino acid which is hydrophobic in nature.

It tends to get buried in the core of protein structure.

These phenylalanine residues isomerise to the favoured N and C terminus.

The phenylalanine residues will be inside the circle because they are hydrophobic in nature.

These residues will fold the one on the right, clockwise in the domain.

Final answer:

The correct answer is a. The one on the left

To determine which orientation of the folding domain is more likely and whether the side chains would be inside or outside a circle, we need to consider the hydrophobic interactions and steric hindrance.

Explanation:

In protein folding, hydrophobic residues tend to be buried in the interior of the protein to avoid contact with the surrounding aqueous environment, while hydrophilic residues tend to be exposed on the protein's surface. Phenylalanine (F) is a hydrophobic amino acid.

Given that there are 5 phenylalanine residues in the primary structure, the folding domain is likely to fold in a manner that maximizes the burial of these hydrophobic residues in the protein's interior. Therefore, the folding orientation that brings the phenylalanine residues closer together, allowing them to interact and form hydrophobic contacts, would be more favorable.

Looking at the two orientations provided:

The orientation on the left brings the phenylalanine residues closer together compared to the orientation on the right. In the left orientation, the phenylalanine residues are clustered together more tightly, facilitating stronger hydrophobic interactions.

In the left orientation, all the side chains would be inside a circle, as they are brought together in the interior of the protein to maximize hydrophobic interactions.

Therefore, the orientation on the left is more likely, and all the side chains would be inside a circle in this orientation.

So, the correct answer is a. The one on the left

Answer: (A) the answer is 8

Explanation:topaz on the scale is no 8, followed by corundum no 9 and then diamond which is the hardest on no 10

The rate of reaction stops increasing because there is no substrate left to bound with an enzyme to increase the rate of reaction.

An enzyme is a substance that increases the rate of reaction by catalyzing the reaction.

The enzyme is called a biological catalyst.

Enzyme work when it combines with the substrate of the reaction to make products.

When the enzyme is added, the rate of reaction increase because it fastens the reactions.

But when the substrate is converted into a product and there is no substrate left to combine with enzyme the rate of reaction stop increasing.

Thus, The rate of reaction stops increasing because there is no substrate left to bound with an enzyme to increase the rate of reaction.

Learn more about enzymes, here:

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Final answer:

The reaction rate stops increasing due to enzyme saturation, where all enzyme active sites are fully occupied and cannot bind additional substrates, causing the rate to level off despite more enzyme being added.

Explanation:

The reason the reaction rate stops increasing even with the addition of more enzyme is due to enzyme saturation. At a certain point, all active sites of the enzyme molecules are occupied by the substrate, and they are unable to bind to any additional substrate molecules until the existing substrate is converted into product and released. This phenomenon is known as enzyme saturation, and it explains why the reaction rate levels off. It indicates that the enzymes are working at their maximum capacity, and any further increase in substrate concentration cannot enhance the reaction rate any further.

Answer:

The correct answer is - molecular genetics.

Explanation:

Molecular genetics is the subfield or the branch of the genetics that dealing with the manipulation of the organism at the molecular level which is a gene or genetic material with the help of the advanced technology.

It is an investigating approach that helps in determining the effect of the genes or genetic material that is manipulated on the behavior of the organism.

Thus, the correct answer is - molecular genetics.

Answer:

Yes, the population can evolve differently with resistance gene to the HIV

Explanation:

AIDS is a deadly disease caused by the Human immunodeficiency virus. The HIV infection ultimately results in the death of the host and the cases are increasing every year.

If in the population of the area affected with the HIV AIDS develop some resistant gene to the disease, therefore, the resistant gene will be passed on to the generation and the population will evolve differently as a measure or response of adaptation and natural selection.

The case of sickle cell anaemia with modified shapes of red blood cell in the population of Africa, a resistance mechanism to malaria can act as evidence to the HIV case.

Thus, Yes, the population can evolve differently with resistance gene to HIV is the correct answer.

Answer:

"the genes on DNA get transcribed into RNA, which get translated into a protein"

Explanation:

The central dogma is an important principle to biology, explaining the flow of information from DNA to functions that the cell can carry out. The central dogma says DNA --> RNA --> protein. Proteins carry out most biological functions in cells and organisms.

Genes on DNA have to be copied into a message in the form of RNA. DNA and RNA use the same language, so the message is transcribed (i.e. copied). The RNA then takes this message to the protein synthesis machinery, which uses a different language. Therefore, the RNA has to be translated into protein sequences

Answer:

c. their shape, which relates to the lock-and-key model

Explanation:

The primary source of the specificity of enzymes is their shape, which relates to the lock-and-key model

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The primary source of the specificity of enzymes is their shape, which complies with the lock-and-key model, meaning the enzyme's three-dimensional structure is specifically matched to bind with its substrate.

The correct option is 'C'.

Enzymes are highly specific biomolecules that accelerate chemical reactions.

This specificity comes from the unique three-dimensional shape of the enzyme's active site, which is complementary to the structure of its specific substrate.

According to the lock-and-key model, the molecular shapes of the active site and the substrate are perfect matches, akin to a key fitting into a lock. This model emphasizes that the enzyme's structure is tailor-made to bind to its specific substrate, facilitating the chemical reaction.

Furthermore, the induced fit hypothesis suggests that while enzymes have a precise shape, they can also adjust slightly to ensure the perfect fit with the substrate, enhancing the enzyme's catalytic efficiency.

Answer:

The situation in which some individuals have greater reproductive success than other individuals in a population. Along with variation and heritability, it is one of the three conditions necessary for evolution by natural selection.

There are so many factors that contributed to this over time, reproductive success differs and it could be attributed to hereditary and variation as well. Most often, the hereditary plays the most role out of all as the viability of both eggs and sperms could have been inherited from parents or being affected as a result of environmental factor or nutrition or other factors.

For instance, if one has a rhesus factor of negative and went ahead to marry another male counterpart with negative rhesus factor, this sedomly leads to miscarriage which could have been controlled had it been they were thoroughly counseled. Furthermore, physical factor such as accident could damage one spermatical vessicles that houses the sperm cells which render such an individual to be unable to donate a viable sperm cell for reproduction.

Those with high rate of reproductive success thrives as result of having many offspring which increases their chances of having more offspring than those with little success rate.

Explanation:

Answer:

a. The corn borer must have or generate (by mutation) heritable variation in resistance to the toxic protein.

b. The resistant corn borers must survive better or reproduce more than nonresistant corn borers.

Explanation:

When there is a change in the surroundings of organisms, some genetic variations become beneficial to the organisms. Natural selection favors the organisms having these genetic variations.

The development of resistance in the corn borer population requires the presence of the gene for the resistance in the population. If there is no gene already present in the population, there should be a mutation to give rise to such gene/s. The corn borers having this gene should be able to survive better in the presence of the toxic protein and should leave more progeny in order to increase the frequency of the gene in the population over the generations.

Final answer:

The conditions necessary for evolution of resistance to a) the toxic protein in corn borers are heritable variation in resistance and differential survival or b) reproductive success of the resistant individuals compared to non-resistant ones.

Explanation:

In the context of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and pest resistance, the evolution of resistance to a toxic protein in corn borers would require the following conditions:

The corn borer must have or generate (by mutation) heritable variation in resistance to the toxic protein.

The resistant corn borers must survive better or reproduce more than non-resistant corn borers.

These conditions align with the principles of natural selection, where genetic variation and differential survival or reproductive success lead to the evolution of certain traits within a population. The specific statements A and B in the student's question are necessary for resistance to evolve in the corn borer population exposed to genetically engineered corn expressing Bt toxin. However, condition C is not necessary as success in survival or reproduction need not be unlimited; it only has to be greater in resistant individuals compared to non-resistant ones. Condition D would actually prevent the evolution of resistance, and condition E lacks the required variation for natural selection to occur.

Answer:

Marginal Benefit : B. the additional benefit from consuming one more unit.

Demand Curve = Marginal Benefit Curve as : E. It shows the willingness of consumers to purchase a product at different prices.

Explanation:

Benefit is the rise in satisfaction from consumption. Marginal Benefit is the additional benefit from consuming an additional unit. So, it is addition to satisfaction with an additional consumption i.e Marginal Utility (MU).  

Consumer purchases a good only if : Its marginal benefit i.e MU ≥ its marginal cost i,e price. As MU < Price implies additional benefit < additional cost, & consumer will not consume at this point.

So, Marginal Utility/ Marginal Benefit reflects consumer's willingness to pay for a good's consumption. Hence, Demand Curve is also called Marginal Benefit Curve.

Answer:

yes

Explanation:

lol, lol

Answer:

     When you grab a wild population of rats, you need to follow the scientific method as it is, and by doing that, you can discover if it is a variable expressivity or a continuous variation.

Explanation:

       First, you need to check the species, to see their patterns of length of tail, because that's mostly what you want to know. After stablishing this pattern, you'll check the variability of their variation on different generations. For example, you pick up a rat that is aged a month, and a rat that is aged 3 months, and then compare them to one another. After you've done this lots of times, you can check if this variable is just a random one, or if it is continuous throughout the generations.

Answer:

A) They have low-maintenance and are easy to keep track of for mutations.

B) The deduction can be "Single Gene Mutation"

Explanation:

After examining the example given in the question on Neurospora crassa and the details about how they reproduce, the following points can be made regarding the questions;

A) It is stated that they form a colony in time and that they are asexual spores and the first reason to choose them would be because they contain somatic cells (which refer to the cells other than reproductive cells) and non-motile gonidia which can multiply by dividing themselves and these properties make the colony's maintenance easy. And since they multiply by division, it is easier to keep track of the occuring mutations.

B) Given the information in the question that the mating is between an albino strain and a wild type, and then between two albino strains which have the same genotype. The results indicate that the strains have gone through single gene mutation during the process.

I hope this answer helps.

Answer:

a) Neurospora crassa lends itself well to its use as a model organism due to this two reasons:

-It is asexual.

It can reproduce in the absence of a partner. This characteristic nature makes it inexpensive to use.

-It shows rapid growth rate.

This nature makes it easy to study how it reproduce and its mutations without the need to wait a prolonged time for the maturation of offspring.

b) we can deduce about the mutations on each of the albino strains as each one of it is a singular gene mutation. Multiple gene mutations will lead to reduced wild type progeny.