Hot, arid climates, such as deserts, are prone to erosion by A. Living organisms B. Ice C. Wind D. Moving water

Answer:

= -1

Explanation:

Explanation:

When a neutral atom tends to gain an electron then it acquires a negative charge. Hence, an anion is formed.

For example, atomic number of chlorine is 17 and its electronic distribution is 2, 8, 7.

So, in order to attain stability it tends to gain one electron from a donor atom. Therefore, a chlorine ion is formed as [tex]Cl^{-1}[/tex].

Since, it gains only one electron that is why, -1 charge occurs. Whereas if an atom gains two electrons then it acquires a -2 charge and so on.

Thus, we can conclude that chlorine (Cl) has an atomic number of 17. It often forms an ion by gaining 1 electron. Its charge be -1.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Non-foliated metamorphic rocks such as hornfels, marble, quartzite, and novaculite do not have a layered or banded appearance.

Slate is a kind of nonfoliated metamorphic rock. Option D is correct.

Foliated metamorphic rocks have a layered appearance, while nonfoliated metamorphic rocks do not. Slate is a type of nonfoliated metamorphic rock that is formed when shale is subjected to high pressure and heat. Shale is a sedimentary rock that is made up of fine-grained particles of clay and silt.

When shale is subjected to high pressure and heat, the particles in the shale are recrystallized and aligned in parallel layers. This gives slate its characteristic smooth, even texture. Slate is often used for roofing, blackboards, and flooring. It is also a popular material for sculptures and other decorative items. Option D is correct.

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Answer:

Choice 5.: -1397.6 kJ/mol rxn.

Explanation:

Here's how to find the enthalpy change of a reaction [tex]\Delta H_\text{rxn}[/tex] from the standard enthalpy of formation [tex]\Delta H_\text{f}\textdegree{}[/tex] of each species.

[tex]\Delta H_\text{f}\textdegree{} = 0[/tex] for the most stable allotrope of each elements under their standard state. For example,

As a result, [tex]\Delta H_\text{f}\textdegree{} = 0[/tex] for [tex]\text{O}_2\;(g)[/tex]. Note the gaseous state symbol. This value is implied such that it's not provided in the question.

For this reaction:

[tex]\Sigma \left[\Delta H_f\textdegree{}(\textbf{Products})]\right = 4 \times (+33.2) + 6\times (-285.83) = -1582.18\;\text{kJ}\cdot\text{mol}^{-1}[/tex].

[tex]\Sigma \left[\Delta H_f\textdegree{}(\textbf{Reactants})]\right = 4 \times (-46.11) + 7\times 0 = -184.44 \;\text{kJ}\cdot\text{mol}^{-1}[/tex].

Apply the equation:

[tex]\begin{aligned} \Delta H_\text{rxn} &= \Sigma \left[\Delta H_f\textdegree{}(\textbf{Products})]\right - \Sigma \left[\Delta H_f\textdegree{}(\textbf{Reactants})]\right\\ &= -1582.18\;\text{kJ}\cdot\text{mol}^{-1} - (-184.44 \;\text{kJ}\cdot\text{mol}^{-1})\\ &= -1397.74\;\text{kJ}\cdot\text{mol}^{-1}\end{aligned}[/tex].

The enthalpy of the given reaction is close to -1766 kJ/mol rxn. This is calculated by subtracting the total enthalpy of formation of the reactants from that of the products.

To determine the enthalpy of the given reaction, we need to calculate the total enthalpy of formation of the products and subtract the total enthalpy of formation of the reactants from it.

The general formula for calculating enthalpy (∆H) in a reaction is: ∆H = Σ ∆Hf(products) - Σ ∆Hf(reactants).

For the products: 4 mol of NO2(g) and 6 mol of H2O(l), ∆Hf = [4(-33.2 kJ/mol) + 6(-285.83 kJ/mol)] = -1980.92 kJ.

For the reactants: 4 mol of NH3(g) and 7 mol of O2(g), ∆Hf = 4(-46.11 kJ/mol) = -184.44 kJ (Note: The enthalpy of elements in their standard state, like O2(g), is zero).

Finally, the enthalpy of the reaction (∆H) = -1980.92 kJ - (-184.44 kJ) = -1796.48 kJ. Hence the closest option is -1766 kJ/mol rxn.

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Answer:

NH3 (ammonia) has polar covalent bonding due to the unequal sharing of electrons between nitrogen and hydrogen.

The compound that has polar covalent bonding is NH3 (ammonia). In NH3, the nitrogen atom forms covalent bonds with three hydrogen atoms. However, the nitrogen atom is more electronegative than hydrogen, meaning it has a higher affinity for electrons. As a result, the nitrogen atom attracts the shared electrons more strongly, creating a partial negative charge on the nitrogen atom and a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms. This uneven distribution of charge makes NH3 a polar molecule.

Answer:

Explanation:

1) Ksp stands for product solubility constant.

2) The product solubility constant is the equilibrium constant used for the aqueous ionization (dissolution) of low soluble ionic compounds.

3) The ionization or equilibrium reaction for the PbBr₂ is:

4) Sotichiometry:

       Ao -  x moles                   x                 2x

5) Calculations:

Per definition of Ksp:

The molar solubility of PbBr₂ in pure water is solved from the solubility product constant (Ksp) and the dissolution stoichiometry. It involves setting up and solving the equation Ksp = 4s³ for the molar solubility 's'. The solution yields the molar solubility as approximately 1.12 x 10⁻² M.

The molar solubility of PbBr₂ in pure water can be determined from its solubility product constant (Ksp). According to dissolution stoichiometry, the molar concentrations of Pb²⁺ and Br⁻ ions are equal and can be represented by 's' for molar solubility. The Ksp of PbBr₂ is therefore s * (2s)² (considering that there are two Br- ions for every PbBr₂ molecule that dissolves).

So Ksp = 4s³. Given Ksp is 6.60×10⁻⁶, we can solve the equation 4s³ = 6.60×10⁻⁶ for 's', the molar solubility.

The molar solubility 's' is a cube root of (6.60 × 10⁻⁶/4), which calculates approximately 1.12 x 10⁻² M.

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Answer:

Explanation:

A solution is a homogeneous mixture.

The solutions are characterized by uniform composition and one phase, but they can be either solid, liquid or gases.

In a solution there is, at least, one solute substance and one or more solvents.

A typical solution is salt and water: salt is the solute, which is dissolved, in water (the solvent).

In a solution, you can not distinguish visually the solute from the solvent, but, since they are physically, and not chemically, combined, they can be separated by physical media, e.g. evaporation.

Answer: Solution is the correct answer!

Answer:

The rocket is now too heavy to reach its destination.

Matter are anything that is made up of atoms. The quantity of matter can be observed only on the basis of mass and volume calculation. Thus the rocket has become too hefty to get to its destination.

Matter is a substance that has some mass and can occupy some volume. The matter is mainly used in science. Matter can be solid, liquid or gas.

Matter is anything that is made up of atoms. Anything around us that can be physically seen and touched are matter. Ice, water and water vapors are example of matter.

So as we saw that matter has some mass so mass can be measured in gram only. Mass can also be represented as number of molecules. We also saw that matter occupy some volume and that volume is measured only in liter. A rocket is designed to drop its first stage mid-flight. Due to a malfunction, this does not occur. The  possible result of this malfunction is that the rocket has become too hefty to get to its destination.

Thus the rocket has become too hefty to get to its destination.

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Answer:

warming up the solution.

Explanation:

The solubility of solid solutes in liquid solvents increases as the solvent is warmed up.

A supersaturated solution can be converted back to a saturated solution by perturbing the solution through methods like adding a seed crystal or mechanical agitation, which facilitate the precipitation of excess solute.

To turn a supersaturated solution back into a saturated solution, you could either add more solute, warm the solution, or both. In a supersaturated solution, the concentration of solute exceeds its solubility, unbalancing the state of equilibrium and resulting in the precipitation of solutes when disturbed. This happens because the temperature dependence of solubility allows solutions to be supersaturated at an elevated temperature and then cooled to a lower temperature without resulting in solute precipitation.

One method by which you can induce this precipitation is by adding a seed crystal, which serves as a template for the excess solute to crystallize onto. Mechanical agitation is another method that can be used, disturbing the stability and equilibrium of the supersaturated solution and causing the precipitate to form, effectively turning the solution back into a saturated one.

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Answer:

Kc = [CO][Cl₂]/[COCl].

Kp = P(CO)P(Cl₂)/P(COCl).

Explanation:

For the balanced reaction:

COCl₂(g) ⇄ CO(g) + Cl₂(g).

The equilibrium constant can be expressed as concentration equilibrium constant (Kc) or pressure equilibrium constant (Kp).

The equilibrium constant is the ratio of the product of products concentrations to the product of the reactants concentrations.

Kc = [CO][Cl₂]/[COCl].

Kp = P(CO)P(Cl₂)/P(COCl).

The equilibrium constant expression for the decomposition of COCl₂(g) into CO(g) and Cl₂(g) is K = [CO][Cl₂] / [COCl₂], with each species' concentration raised to the power of their respective stoichiometric coefficients, which are all 1 in this reaction.

The equilibrium constant expression for the reaction COCl₂(g) = CO(g) + Cl₂(g) is based on the concentrations of the products and reactants at equilibrium. According to the law of mass action, the equilibrium constant expression for a reaction is the ratio of the product of the concentrations of the products raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients to the product of the concentrations of the reactants raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients. For the given reaction, the equilibrium constant expression would be:

K = [CO][Cl₂] / [COCl₂]

In this case, the products are CO and Cl₂, and both have a coefficient of 1. The reactant is COCl₂, also with a coefficient of 1.

Answer:

NaNH2 is the answer

Explanation:

Answer: Option (c) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

An organic compound that contains the functional group "[tex]-CONH_{2}[/tex]" is known as an amide.

General chemical formula of an amide is [tex]RCONH_{2}[/tex], where R can be alkyl or aryl group.

For example, [tex]CH_{3}CH_{2}CONH_{2}[/tex] is a primary amide whose name is ethanamide.

A compound that contains a functional group "-NCO" is known as an isocyanate group.

And, "-CN" functional group is known as cyanate group.

[tex]NaNH_{2}[/tex] is a compound called sodamide and it is a specific formula.

Hence, we can conclude that the most basic general formula for the amide is [tex]RCONH_{2}[/tex].

Answer:

The definition of physical science is the sciences concerned with the study of inanimate natural objects, including physics, chemistry, astronomy, and related subjects.

Explanation:

Answer:

The branch of science which involves the studying of the non-living systems is known as physical science.

Explanation:

The branch of science which involves the studying of the non-living systems is known as physical science.

The further classification of physical science is:-

It is different from life science which involves the study of the living things. Physical science helps to study various phenomenon occurring in our day to day lives.

Answer:

Explanation:

HA(aq)+H2O(l)⟺H3O+(aq)+A−(aq)(1)

you need to solve for the Ka value. To do that you use

Ka=[H3O+][A−][HA](2)

Another necessary value is the pKa value, and that is obtained through pKa=−logKa

The procedure is very similar for weak bases. The general equation of a weak base is

BOH⟺B++OH−(3)

Solving for the Kbvalue is the same as the Ka value. You use the formula  

Kb=[B+][OH−][BOH](4)

The pKb value is found through pKb=−logKb  

The Kw value is found withKw=[H3O+][OH−].  

Kw=1.0×10−14(5)

Answer:

37.5 mL.

Explanation:

where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm.

V is the volume of the gas in L.

n is the no. of moles of the gas in mol.

R  is the general gas constant,

T is the temperature of the gas in K.

(V₁n₂) = (V₂n₁)

Knowing that:

V₁  =  75 mL, n₁ = 3.0 mol,

V₂  =  ??? mL, n₂ = 1.5 mol.

(V₁n₂) = (V₂n₁)

∴ V₂ = (V₁n₂)/n₁ = (75 mL)(1.5 mol)/(3.0 mol) = 37.5 mL.

Answer:

4.5 ML that is what i think

Explanation:

Answer:

14.434 r.a.m.

Explanation:

∵ The atomic mass of N = ∑(atomic mass of each isotope)(its abundance)

∴ The atomic mass of N = (atomic mass of N-14)(abundance of N-14) + (atomic mass of N-16)(abundance of N-16)

atomic mass of N-14 = 14.0 r.a.m, abundance of N-14 = percent of N-14/100 = 78.3/100 = 0.783.

atomic mass of N-16 = 16.0 r.a.m, abundance of N-16 = percent of N-16/100 = 21.7/100 = 0.217.

∴ The atomic mass of N = (atomic mass of N-14)(abundance of N-14) + (atomic mass of N-16)(abundance of N-16) = (14.0 r.a.m)(0.783) + (16.0 r.a.m)(0.217) = 14.434 r.a.m.

Answer : The correct options is, [tex]H_2O\text{ and }H_3O^+[/tex]

Explanation :

According to the Bronsted Lowry conjugate acid-base pair concept, an acid is a substance which donates protons and a base is a substance which accepts protons.

From the given options, [tex]H_2O[/tex] and [tex]H_3O^+[/tex] represents a base-conjugate acid pair.

The balanced reaction will be :

[tex]H_2O+H^+\rightleftharpoons H_3O^+[/tex]

In this, [tex]H_2O[/tex] is a base which accepts a proton to form conjugate acid [tex]H_3O^+[/tex].

Hence, the correct options is, [tex]H_2O\text{ and }H_3O^+[/tex]

H₂PO₄⁻ and HPO₄²⁻ is a base–conjugate acid pair

In a chemical reaction, a base and its conjugate acid are related through the transfer of a proton (H⁺). In the given options, H₂PO₄⁻ (dihydrogen phosphate ion) can act as a base and HPO₄²⁻ (hydrogen phosphate ion) can act as its conjugate acid.

When H₂PO₄⁻ accepts a proton (H⁺), it forms HPO₄²⁻, gaining a positive charge. This is the process of protonation, where a base accepts a proton to become its conjugate acid.

H₂PO₄⁻ + H⁺ → HPO₄²⁻

Conversely, when HPO₄²⁻ donates a proton (H⁺), it forms H₂PO₄⁻, losing a positive charge. This is the process of deprotonation, where an acid donates a proton to become its conjugate base.

HPO₄²⁻ → H₂PO₄⁻ + H⁺

Therefore, H₂PO₄⁻ and HPO₄²⁻ form a base-conjugate acid pair. The other options do not represent a base-conjugate acid relationship. H₂O and H₃O⁺ are related as a base and its conjugate acid in the reverse reaction of H₃O⁺ donating a proton to form H₂O. H₂O and H₂PO₄⁻ are not related as a base-conjugate acid pair, as H₂O is a neutral molecule and H₂PO₄⁻ is a base. H₂PO₄⁻ and H₃O⁺ are not a base-conjugate acid pair as they both represent acids.

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I’m not sure but it’s most likely not A.

Answer:B: clay

Explanation:

Answer:

[tex]\boxed{\text{(C)}}[/tex]

Explanation:

The solid consists of positive and negative ions, so it is an ionic solid.

Ionic solids are brittle, usually water-soluble, and poor thermal conductors as solids. Thus, the correct answer is [tex]\boxed{\textbf{(C)}}[/tex].

(A) is wrong. It describes a covalent solid, which is soft and always a poor conductor.

(B) is wrong. It describes a covalent solid, which is also low-melting.

(D) is wrong. It describes a metal, and a metal does not contain negative ions.

Answer:

Explanation:

The pH is a measure of the acidity of the solutions. It is defined as the negative logarithm of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺).

The hydrogen ion concentration of this solution is 1 × 10⁻⁷ M.

Hence:

This pH corresponds to a neutral solution (neither acid nor alkaline).

You should remember this relation bwtween pH and acidity/alkaliinity:

Answer:

Chemical reactions often involve changes in energy due to the breaking and formation of bonds. Reactions in which energy is released are exothermic reactions, while those that take in heat energy are endothermic.

Explanation:

It’s an endothermic reaction

Answer:

Explanation:

The expression that rules the change of temperature of ideal gases at constant volume is the Law of Gay-Lussac: pressure and temperature of gases are directly related. In the form of equations that is:

The question states that the absolute temperature is increased four times, the you can write that as T₂ = 4 × T₁, and substitute in the equation 1 to obtain:

Simplify:

That proves that the pressure also increases four times, when the absolute temperature is increased four times, while maintaining the volume constant.

Answer: The pressure will also increase 4 times.

Explanation:

To calculate the final temperature of the system, we use the equation given by Gay-Lussac Law. This law states that pressure of the gas is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas at constant pressure.

Mathematically,

[tex]\frac{P_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2}{T_2}[/tex]

where,

[tex]P_1\text{ and }T_1[/tex] are the initial pressure and temperature of the gas.

[tex]P_2\text{ and }T_2[/tex] are the final pressure and temperature of the gas.

We are given:

[tex]P_1=p\\T_1=t\\P_2=?=\\T_2=4t[/tex]

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]\frac{p}{t}=\frac{P_2}{4t}\\\\P_2=4p[/tex]

Hence, the pressure will also increase 4 times.

This is true. You don’t want them to be bored

Answer:

The given statement on extended guest is false. The extended pay guest demand comfort and proper diet, not a schedule of daily activities.

Explanation:

The term extended stay guest refers to those people who live in hotels and other private lodges as guest for more span of time. The purpose of stay may include tour, medical issues, etc. These people demand comfort as well as first class food.

The main function of people who are offering such type of service must provide them with places and room which are more spacious and provides comfort as well as chefs who have good cooking talent. There is no need for planning daily activities as it is the hands of the guest to do it.

The specific heat capacity of the liquid should be recorded as 2.12.

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius.

By specific heat equation

[tex]Q = mc (T - T_\circ)[/tex]

By knowing the temperature difference, the mass and the c, we can calculate the specific heat capacity.

To calculate the specific heat capacity, we will calculate the average

the data is given 2.14, 2.11, 2.13, 2.12, and 2.11.

2.14 + 2.11 + 2.13 + 2.12 + 2.11 = 10.61

then 10.61 divided by  5

10.61 / 5 = 2.122

Thus, the correct option is D. 2.12

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Final answer:

The average specific heat capacity of the unknown liquid measured through multiple trials is 2.12 J/g°C, which is the value rounded to three significant figures.

Explanation:

The student has measured the specific heat capacity of an unknown liquid through multiple trials and has obtained the values 2.14, 2.11, 2.13, 2.12, and 2.11 J/g°C. To report the specific heat capacity, one would usually calculate the average. Thus, adding these measurements together and dividing by the number of trials gives the average specific heat capacity of the liquid:

(2.14 J/g°C + 2.11 J/g°C + 2.13 J/g°C + 2.12 J/g°C + 2.11 J/g°C) / 5 = 10.61 J/g°C / 5 = 2.122 J/g°C.

However, we round this to three significant figures, which is the precision of the measured values, giving 2.12 J/g°C as the recorded specific heat capacity of the liquid.

chemical equations: describe chemical reactions

Answer: a

I think this is the answer

Chemical equations describe chemical reactions. The correct option is a.

Chemical equations are a representation of a reaction in its numerical and chemical formula form.

For example ; [tex]\rm CH_4 + 2O_2 = CO_2 + 2O_2[/tex]

Thus, the correct option is a. describe chemical reactions.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

I believe it is negative 1.

Answer:

(A) -1

Explanation:

I just did it on edge :)

Answer:

Periodic Law.

Explanation:

The Periodic Law states that the physical and chemical properties of the elements repeat in a systematic and predictable way when the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number.

Many of the properties are repeated at intervals.

When the elements are arranged correctly, the trends in element properties become apparent and can be used to make predictions about unknown or unfamiliar elements, simply based on their placement on the table.

Answer:

Periodic Law

Explanation:

NH4NO3 is the molecular formula

The molecular formula for ammonium nitrate is NH4NO3. It is a salt derived from the reaction of ammonia (NH3) and nitric acid (HNO3), resulting in the formation of the ammonium ion (NH4+) and the nitrate ion (NO3-).

The molecular formula for ammonium nitrate is NH4NO3. This compound is a salt of ammonia (NH3) and nitric acid (HNO3). The formula can be deduced from the process by which it is formed: The ammonia molecule's nitrogen atom (N) combines with three hydrogen atoms (H) to form NH3, and the nitric acid molecule's nitrogen (N) combines with one hydrogen (H), one nitrogen (N), and three oxygen (O) atoms to form HNO3.

In a reaction between these two compounds, the hydrogen in the nitric acid becomes attached to the nitrogen in the ammonia, forming the ammonium ion (NH4+), and the remaining NO3 molecule forms the nitrate ion (NO3-). These two ions come together to form ammonium nitrate.

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Answer:

D. Solid state

Explanation:

In solid state the particles of  a substance, vibrate in fixed positions though they posses less kinetic energy. This is the reason as to why the particles do not move far apart from each other making the solids remain in fixed shapes unless an extra energy is added.

Since solids cannot move and can only fluctuate around their mean position, they have the lowest kinetic energy. Despite the fact that liquids have more kinetic energy than solids. Here the correct option is D.

Solids are composed of the least energy particles. They are packed close together, giving them little room to maneuver. The energy of a gas's particles is the highest, with a liquid's particles having higher energy than a solid's.

A pure substance has more energy in its gaseous state than it does in its liquid state, which has more energy than it does in its solid state. When particles are in a gaseous form, their kinetic energy is at its maximum.

Thus the correct option is D.

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Answer:

= 97.44 Liters at S.T.P

Explanation:

The reaction between Iron (iii) oxide and Carbon monoxide is given by the equation;

Fe2O3(s)+ 3CO(g) → 3CO2(g) + 2Fe(s)

From the reaction when the reactants react, 2 moles of Fe and 3 moles of CO2 are produced.

Therefore; Mole ratio of Iron : Carbon dioxide is 2:3

Thus; Moles of Carbon dioxide = (2.9/2)×3

                                                   = 4.35 moles

But; 1 mole of CO2 at s.t.p occupies 22.4 liters

Therefore;

Mass of CO2 = 22.4 × 4.35 Moles

                     = 97.44 L

The volume of carbon dioxide produced is  97.44 L.

The equation of the reaction is;

Fe2O3 + 3CO --> 2Fe + 3CO2, we can see that the ratio of iron to carbon dioxide produced is 2:3.

From the reaction equation

3 moles of carbon dioxide is produced when 2 moles of iron is produced

x moles of carbon dioxide is produced when 2.9 moles of iron is produced

x = 3 moles ×  2.9 moles/2 moles

x = 4.35 moles

If 1 moles of carbon dioxide occupies 22.4 L

4.35 moles of carbon dioxide occupies 4.35 moles × 22.4 L/ 1 moles = 97.44 L

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Answer:

= 3/4

Explanation:

Half life is the time taken by a radioactove element to decay by half of its original mass.

The half life of tritium is 12.3 years , therefore it would take 12.3 years for tritium to decay to a half its original mass.

Using the formula;

New mass = Initial mass × (1/2)^n ; where n is the number of half lives.

n = 5.2 years/12.3 years

  = 52/123

Therefore;

New mass = 1 × (1/2)^(52/123)

                  = 0.74599

                  = 0.75

The fraction of a tritium sample after 5.20 years will be approximately 3/4

Answer:

Explanation:

The coefficients are the numbers that you put in front of each chemical formula that represents the reactants and products in the chemical equation. They indicate the mole ratio in which the elements or compounds react to form the products, as per the chemical equation.

See an example:

      This equation is not balanced: the  number of atoms of oxygenin the reactant side is 2 while the number of atoms of oxygen isn the product side is 1. In order to balance the equation you need to add some coefficients.

When no coefficients are shown it is understood that the coefficient is 1.

The coefficients 2 in front of H₂ and 1 (understood) in front of O₂, in the reactant side, and 2 in front of H₂O, in the product side, balance the equation.

Those coefficients mean that the 2 molecules (or mole of molecules) of H₂ react with 1 molecule (or mole of molecules) of O₂ to form 2 molecules (or moles) of H₂O (product side).

That is the mole ratio: 2 H₂ : 1 O₂ : 2 H₂O.

Notice that, in spite of the aboslute numbers may change, the mole ratio is unique for any chemical reaction.  For example 4 : 2 : 4 is the same ratio that 2 : 1 : 2, or 8 : 4 : 8, but the most common practice is to use the most simple form of the ratio, i.e. 2: 1: 2.

The representation that coefficients that are found in a chemical equation provide, is :  number of moles that is present in the reactants as well as products.

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