The most important part of the body that shows non-specific defense against invading pathogens is skin (A). They include sweat, acid, mucus, oil in non-specific defense (B).
Further Explanation:
Skin is the major organ of the body, which has several features that shield the body from infections. Skin plays a very important role in nonspecific defense against pathogens. The skin surface receives the secretions from the sweat glands which contains lysozyme. This enzyme is responsible for digesting the bacterial cell wall. This feature alone does not make the skin barrier to infections. The acidic pH and mucus secretion also contribute to the barrier properties of the skin.
The sweat glands and oils are accountable for the acidic pH of 3-5 of the skin surface. This pH is acidic enough to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. The skin surface receives the secretions from the sweat glands which contains lysozyme. This enzyme is responsible for digesting the bacterial cell wall. The mucus that is secreted by the skin is a sticky fluid that is responsible for trapping the microorganisms.
The mucus that is secreted by the skin is a sticky fluid that is responsible for trapping the microorganisms. This is one of the few characteristic features of the skin that is responsible for acting as a barrier to infection.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Biology
Topic: Non-Specific Defense
Keywords:
Skin surface, non-specific defense, skin, lysozyme, interferons, complements, trap, Micro-organism, cell wall, sweat gland, oil, surface.
a frog lays thousands of eggs because many eggs die this is a behavior is an example of
Answer:
Over production
Explanation:
Frogs are very carefree parents and thus unlike other adult species of animals who take care of their young ones for making them enable to survive, frogs do not look after their young ones and this is the reason that out of three to four thousands eggs produced at a time by female only 4 to 5 eggs survive till adulthood.
In order to make the cycle moving from one generation to other, frogs overproduce eggs so that at least a few of all survive till adult hood and reproduce further.
Explain why and how theories may be changed or replaced over time.
Answer:
The theories may get modified with time as new information or new technologies get discovered or get developed. New developments result in the modifications in the methods of experiments that offer information, which may or may not encourage the prevailing theory. If the theory is still supported, it may be updated, however, if it is not even if the results are relevant and true, the theory may get substituted.
Which set of steps shows how information is transformed to synthesize proteins?
A. gene -> chromosome -> protein
B. DNA -> RNA -> protein
C. cell respiration -> ATP -> protein
D. ATP -> amino acid -> protein
Answer:
B
Explanation:
This step follows the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology, which describes the two-step process, transcription and translation, by which the information in genes are used to make proteins i.e. DNA → RNA → protein.
Deoxyribonuceic acid (DNA) is the stored form of genetic material in a cell. It contains all the genetic instructions needed for the optimal functioning of an organism. However, this information needs to be expressed. This process of expression is done by transcription and translation processes.
Transcription is the process of copying the information in the DNA molecule into a RNA molecule. It involves making a complementary strand of mRNA from a DNA template.
After the mRNA is synthesized, its nucleotide sequence is then used to synthesize proteins. This second process is called TRANSLATION. Translation occurs in the ribosome where building blocks (amino acids) are added in a chain-like manner based on the information on the mRNA to eventually lead to a polypeptide or protein.
Energy from the sun showers the Earth every day. Which are better at utilizing it: heterotrophs or autotrophs? Explain your answer.
For a chemotherapeutic drug to be useful for treating cancer cells, which of the following is most desirable?
A) It is safe enough to limit all apoptosis
B) It does not alter metabolically active cells
C) It only attacks cells that are density dependent
D) It interferes with cells entering G0
E) It interferes with rapidly dividing cells ...?
A chemotherapeutic drug is most useful when it interferes with rapidly dividing cells, as this is a characteristic of cancer cells. Chemotherapy can cause side effects due to this mechanism affecting healthy cells too, hence combination therapies are used.
Explanation:For a chemotherapeutic drug to be useful for treating cancer cells, it is most desirable that it interferes with rapidly dividing cells (Option E). This is because cancer cells are characterized by their uncontrolled division. Chemotherapy drugs target these rapidly dividing cells to prevent their growth and spread. By interfering with key processes such as DNA duplication or mitotic spindle formation, these drugs can lead to the death of cancer cells. However, it is important to note that because these drugs also affect other rapidly dividing healthy cells in the body, they can cause side effects like hair loss and damage to the intestinal lining. Combination chemotherapy is often used to enhance therapeutic efficacy while trying to limit toxicity to healthy tissues.
An example of natural selection is the tail of a male peacock. The females of the species choose mates based on the colors of the males’ tail feathers. If females begin using different criteria than feather color when they choose mates, what would most likely happen to the tails of peacocks over time?
for e2020, The answer is A:
increased variation in tail feather color because the selection pressure has been relieved
Good luck!
-RxL
If a tRNA molecule has an anticodon which reads AUG, what will it match up with and what amino acid is it carrying?
A. It is carrying arginine and will match with a CGU codon on the mRNA.
B. It is carrying methionine and will match with a TAC codon on the DNA.
C. It is carrying methionine and will match with a UAC codon on the mRNA.
D. It is carrying tyrosine and will match with a UAC codon on the mRNA
Is it A? ...?
no, it's not a. it's d) It is carrying tyrosine and will match with a UAC codon on the mRNA
if the tRNA is AUG, then the mRNA would be UAC.
U goes with A
A goes with U
T goes with A
G goes with C
C goes with G
to find out how which amino acid is it you can use the chart below, which should be tyrosine. :)
1.compared to adults,a newborn breathes
a. a quarter as ofter
b.half as often
c.the same amount
d.four times as often
2.the cluster of air sacs at the end of each bronchiole is called
a.bronchi
b.traches
c.alveoli
d.bronchus
3.the flap of elastic cartilage that protect food from entering the larynx is called the
a.epiglottis
b.glottis
c.larynx
d.esophagus
4.when blood leaves the lungs it is
a.oxygenated
b.deoxygenated
c.exchanging gases
d.rich in carbon dioxide
A newborn breathes four times as often as an adult, air sacs at the end of bronchioles are called alveoli, the epiglottis protects the larynx from ingested materials, and blood leaving the lungs is oxygenated.
The respiratory system of humans is a complex arrangement of structures that allows us to breathe in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide. The journey of air begins at the nasal cavity, passes through the pharynx, and progresses into the larynx. The trachea, or windpipe, is next in the path, followed by division into right and left primary bronchi that lead into each lung. These bronchi branch out into smaller bronchioles which then terminate in clusters of air sacs called alveoli, the site of gas exchange with the capillaries in the lungs. Inhalation causes the diaphragm to contract, enlarging the chest cavity and drawing in air, whereas exhalation is due to diaphragm relaxation, pushing air out of the lungs.
Answering the student's questions:
A newborn breathes about four times as often as an adult. This high respiratory rate is necessary to support their rapid metabolism and growth demands.
The cluster of air sacs at the end of each bronchiole is called the alveoli. These structures are vital for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the blood.
The flap of elastic cartilage that protects food from entering the larynx when swallowing is called the epiglottis.
When blood leaves the lungs, it is oxygenated, meaning that it has a high concentration of oxygen and a low concentration of carbon dioxide after gas exchange has occurred in the alveoli.
What are the structures of the lymphatic system?
bone marrow and thymus
A Punnett square has letters at top and left sides of the grid. What cellular process is represented by these letters?
Final answer:
The letters on a Punnett square represent alleles from each parent's gametes produced through meiosis, and are used to predict offspring genotypes.
Explanation:
The letters at the top and left sides of the Punnett square represent the alleles of the gametes produced by each parent during the cellular process of meiosis. This process ensures the separation of homologous chromosomes into different gametes. In a typical monohybrid cross, the Punnett square has four squares, and if both parents are heterozygous (e.g., Aa), the Punnett square would illustrate the outcomes of AA, Aa, aA, and aa. For each parent, half the gametes will carry the dominant allele (A) and half will carry the recessive allele (a). The squares within the grid represent the potential genotypes of offspring, with the resulting ratios being 25% AA, 50% Aa, and 25% aa for the genotypes, which aligns with Mendel's law of segregation.
The letters in a Punnett square signify the genetic recombination and allele combinations that occur during meiosis, specifically illustrating the potential outcomes of offspring resulting from the fusion of gametes during fertilization.
The letters positioned at the top and left sides of a Punnett square grid represent the cellular process of genetic recombination and the subsequent formation of gametes during meiosis. In meiosis, a specialized type of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms, the genetic material is shuffled and exchanged between homologous chromosomes.
The top row and left column of a Punnett square typically display the alleles carried by each parent. These letters represent different versions of a gene, known as alleles, and their various combinations illustrate the potential genetic outcomes of the offspring. The crossing over and random assortment of alleles during meiosis contribute to genetic diversity among the gametes, ensuring that each individual produced inherits a unique combination of genetic material from their parents.
As the cells undergo meiosis, genetic recombination leads to the formation of gametes, such as sperm and egg cells, each carrying a distinctive set of alleles. The Punnett square provides a visual representation of the possible combinations of alleles that can result from the union of these gametes during fertilization.
The question probable may be
Which cellular process is depicted by the letters positioned at the top and left sides of a Punnett square grid?
6.) Which of the following terms describes seasonal movement of individuals into and out of a population? A. Immigration B. Emigration C.Natality D. Migration
7. Which of the following equations summarizes population growth?
A. Immigration- emigration B. (Immigration + births) + ( emigration+ deaths) C. Births-deaths D. (Immigration+ births) - (emigration +deaths)
8. The largest population size a given environment can sustain the bull yo The largest population size a given environment can sustainability support is known as its
A. Limiting capacity B. Logistics limit C. Unlimited growth D. Maximum growth
9. Oh populations that increases 5% every year is said to be experiencing
A. Expotensional growth B. Logistic growth C. Unlimited growth D. Maximum growth
Migration describes seasonal movement of individuals into and out of a population. So, the correct options for 6, 7, 8 and 9 are D, D, B and A respectively.
What is Population?A population is a collection of people belonging to the same species who coexist in the same location. A population's size is determined by how many people there are in it.
Different levels of population organisation, from a single person living in a small community to an entire species dispersed over the world, can be examined. The features of a population, such as its age, sex, or genetic make-up, can also be used to characterise it.
Migration is the name given to the seasonal influx and exodus of people from a population. Population increase can be expressed as (Immigration + births) - (Emigration + deaths). The "Logistics limit" of a specific environment refers to the greatest population size that it can support. A population is said to be growing exponentially if it grows by 5% annually.
Therefore, the correct options for 6, 7, 8 and 9 are D, D, B and A respectively.
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Organisms don't need a mate in reproduction. is it asexual or sexual
When organisms do not need a mate in reproduction, it is asexual
Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction in which a single organism produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent. This type of reproduction involves only one parent and there is no change in the number of chromosomes. Asexual reproduction occurs in unicellular organisms such as archaea and bacteria. Types of asexual reproduction include; budding, sporogenesis, binary fission, and vegetative propagation.
What do all wetlands have in common?
A. They lack life-forms.
B. They are highly polluted.
C. They are swamps.
D. They recycle nutrients into the soil.
The answer is D. they recycle nutrients into the soil
The correct answer is option D. They recycle nutrients into the soil.
The wetlands are the water the land water bodies, which are supplied with the water seasonally or throughout the year. All the type of the wetlands can support growth of the life forms, which can be seasonal or annual. Some o the wetlands are polluted by human activities, but not all of them. Swamps are a type of wetlands.
All the wetlands are involved in the recycling of the nutrients back into the soil. A wetland system have a rich diversity of flora and fauna, which can help in filtration of various sediments from water, recycling or removing nutrients and pollutants. In the wetlands, the water also come from the runoffs, the inorganic substances present in the water can be filtered and added to the sediments.
The main source of energy for reactions that occur in all living organisms is _____.
A. adenine
B. ADP
C. ATP
D. phosphate
ATP is the answer....
Which of the following must occur for speciation to happen?
geographic isolation
reproductive isolation
temporal isolation
behavioral isolation
Reproductive isolation is necessary for speciation. It is a process by which new species of plants and animals are created.
Further Explanation:
Speciation is a technique used to create new kinds of plants and animals. It occurs when a group of species differ from other species and develop their new characteristics. They differ from their ancestors based on the environment they live in and characteristics.
The speciation is performed in five forms: allopathic, peripatric, sympatric and artificial. Allopatric speciation occurs when two different groups of species are formed from the single species. These two species are isolated from each other. Peripatric speciation occurs when an individual species break off from a large group and form a new species. Sympatric speciation occurs when a species cover a large geographical area. Artificial speciation is the creation of new species by a human.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High school
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Evolution.
Keywords:
Reproduction, isolation, speciation, species, ancestors, characteristics, allopathic, peripatric, sympatric, articial, geographical, plants and animal.
For speciation to happen, reproductive isolation must occur.
What is speciation?Reproductive isolation is a mechanism that prevents individuals from different populations or species from interbreeding successfully or producing viable offspring. It can occur through different processes, including geographic isolation, temporal isolation, behavioral isolation, or a combination of these factors.
Geographic isolation occurs when populations are physically separated by a geographic barrier, such as a mountain range or a body of water. Over time, genetic differences can accumulate in each population, leading to reproductive isolation.
Temporal isolation occurs when populations reproduce at different times of the day, season, or year, which can prevent successful mating and reproduction.
Behavioral isolation occurs when differences in behavior or courtship rituals between populations prevent interbreeding.
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which organism has a nerve net that allows it to respond to a stimulus in a coordinated way
what is the best definition of a eukaryotic cell?
A scientific model can be used to _______. a. replace study of the actual system b. better understand systems and processes c. complicate ideas d. all of the above
What observation led researchers to purpose that chloroplasts evolved from Cyanobacteria
Which of these organisms has an endoskeleton?
A.) Beetle
B.) Crab
C.) Elephant
D.) Tree
Which of the following could be a physical hazard? a. Shigella bacteria b. Plastic packaging c. All-purpose cleaner d. Mold
Is Exothermic/Endothermic related to Product/Reactant Favored?
If you hear that a cold front is headed for your area, what type of weather might you expect
Proteins are made from amino acids. An amino acid has three parts that are joined to a central carbon atom. Identify the three parts that create an amino acid.
How do the number of chromosomes in a female scorpion's egg cells compare with the number in her body (somatic) cells?
Question 12 options:
The number of chromosomes depends on the size of the scorpion.
There are half as many chromosomes in egg cells.
There are twice as many chromosomes in egg cells.
The number of chromosomes is the same in both.
The number of chromosomes in a female scorpion's egg cells is half as many chromosomes as compared with the number of chromosomes in her body (somatic cells). Thus, the correct option is B.
What are Chromosomes?Chromosomes are the units of DNA which contain the hereditary information of an organism. Chromosomes contain genes which are responsible for the development of different characters in an organism.
An organism is formed by fertilization of gametes in the sexual reproduction. The zygote formed is diploid in nature, so to maintain the chromosomal count constant in the zygote, the gametes need to be haploid in nature.
Two haploid gametes fuse to form a diploid zygote cell which leads to the formation of a diploid organism. In this organism, all the somatic cells are diploid in nature which undergo mitosis to divide the cells.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
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Select the most appropriate statement with respect to cellular respiration in humans
Why does cells move?
The hotter the star, the more light it gives off, the cooler the star the less light it gives off. Stars that follow this pattern are __________.
neutron stars
black holes
giants
main sequence stars
Answer:
Option D, main sequence stars
Explanation:
Main sequence star are those in which hydrogen fuses to form helium atom. The life of a sequence star depends on the mass it possess. A star which has high mass has higher internal material within them which burns fast to produce light and heat. The higher the mass, the higher is the luminosity (more light is produced).
Hence, the correct answer is option D main Sequence Star.
A student designed an experiment to demonstrate the interaction between Earth systems. The steps of the experiment are given below.
1. Pour water on a baking dish.
2. Use a fan to blow air over the water.
3. Watch the formation of waves on the water surface.
The student’s experiment demonstrates the:
interactions between the hydrosphere and atmosphere during a storm
interactions between the hydrosphere and geosphere during hurricanes
interactions between the geosphere and atmosphere during tornadoes
interactions between the hydrosphere and cryosphere during a cyclone ...?
The answer is ''interactions between the hydrosphere and atmosphere during a storm''.
Hope this helps...
What is the different between cdc and cdk in cell cycle control??? ...?
Answer:
Cdc stands for cell division cycle and cdk is cyclin dependent kinase.
Explanation:
Cdc and cdks are involves the process of cell cycle. The cdk are the enzymes that attaches phosphate group to different molecules. The phosphorylation process allows the cell to move to next stage in the cell cycle.
The Cdc protein allows the removal of residues that are attached to inhibitory phosphate. This cdc protein control cell cycle progression. This allows the cell to move through cell cycle stages that includes S phase and mitosis.