Answer:
c. are involved in the forming of the divisome
Explanation:
A researcher tracks the escape behavior of a population of squirrels on campus across two generations. When she plots the escape behavior of the offspring generation against parental behavior, she notes that the offspring’s behavior exactly matches the parental behavior. Nonetheless, the narrow-sense heritability equals zero. How can the heritability equal zero in this example?
Answer:
a) The additive genetic variance equals zero.
b) All the escape behavior alleles are fixed in the population.
Explanation:
The relationship between additive genetic variance and total phenotypic variance is called narrow-sense heritability. In the exercise there is no genetic variation and also the behavior of the offspring is equal to the behavior of the parents, the additive genetic variance is equal to zero, due to the constant escape behavior, which produces alleles in the population. No phenotypic variance is specified in the exercise.
Answer:
1. All the escape behavior alleles are fixed in the population.
2. The additive genetic variance equals zero.
Explanation:
According to above scenario, The parental and offspring's escape behavior is constant or same behavior. It means, there behavior of offspring is equal to parent behavior and no genetic variation due to which additive genetic variance is equal to zero. Narrow sense heritability is used to determine the relationship between additive genetic variance with total phenotypic variance.
Narrow-sense heritability = total additive genetic variation / the total phenotypic variation.
The zone of leaching is the area in which ________. weathered bedrock forms a soil horizon organic matter gathers to create a soil horizon minerals are dissolved and removed from soil minerals are precipitated and added to soil
Answer:
minerals are dissolved and removed from soil
Explanation:
The zone of leaching is the segment of the soil profile, where nutrients or minerals are dissolved to form soluble minerals, which are later carried by percolating water that penetrates the soil, and moved downwards as the water travels through the soil profile. This zone where minerals are dissolved and removed from the soil, is what we refer to as the zone of leaching.
In the disease known as ________________, the heart cannot distribute enough blood throughout the body to reach the major organs, causing the tissues to swell with fluid.
Answer:
Congestive heart failure occurs when the heart cannot distribute enough blood throughout the body to reach the major organs, causing the tissues to swell with fluid.
Explanation:
"What is the life-threatening systemic condition that can develop when an infection, like an abscess with surrounding cellulitis, moves into the bloodstream?"
Answer:
kvhbehfrb
Explanation:
,wnr ekv
Individuals should participate in __________ exercises to increase cardiovascular endurance. A. progression B. anaerobic C. overload D. aerobic Please select the best answer from the choices provided. A B C D
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Individuals should participate in that particular type of exercise to increase cardiovascular endurance, which is the aerobic exercise that is present in Option D, and there are various types of the aerobic exercise.
What is the significance of aerobic exercise and its benefits?Aerobic exercise is a type of exercise in which the body's cells, such as muscle cells, get enough oxygen for the work and produce the most energy, whereas anaerobic exercise causes muscle cramps because the oxygen is not properly used. Aerobic exercise helps the cells work fully and maintain cardiovascular endurance, and some examples are dancing, running, etc.
Hence, individuals should participate in that particular type of exercise to increase cardiovascular endurance, which is the aerobic exercise that is present in Option D, and there are various types of the aerobic exercise.
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When looking at graphs showing 800,000 years of past climate data, there is a direct relationship over time between temperature and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere.a.trueb.false
When looking at graphs showing 800,000 years of past climate data, there is a direct relationship over time between temperature and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere is a true statement.
Explanation:
Many paleoclimate studies and research done by observing events like glacial cycles etc over the past 800,000 years about climate changes over the past years have proved the strong linear relationship between temperature and carbon dioxide concentration in the Earth’s atmosphere.
These studies clearly reiterate that when the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere increases, the temperature also increases; and when the CO2 concentration decreases, the temperature also decreases. Carbon dioxide also controls the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere by controlling the temperature.
Increased CO2 levels increases temperature which in turn will increase the evaporation of greenhouses gases present in the atmosphere including CO2 from the reservoir; however, the CO2 can stay in the atmosphere for very long time. All of these factors have led to various climate changes globally .
Observe and measure prepared sea urchin embryos and chick embryos.Conduct an experiment using chick embryos. Determine the effect of a stimulant and depressant on a chick embryo's heart rate.
Answer:
Increase with a stimulant and decrease with a depressant
Explanation:
Stimulants and depressants are observed using various organisms. The way a stimulant works is by increasing the dopamine levels in the body. This in turn causes increased heart rate as would be seen in the chick embryo heart. On the other hand a depressant would lower dopamine levels. This would reduce the neurotransmitter and cause the heart rate to slow down.
If you are a colour-blind male (Xc Y) and you have children with a carrier female (Xc X), what percentage of your children could be colourblind OR carriers? ***c means that chromosome has the colourblind gene***
Answer:
0.50% are colour blind and 0.25% are carrier.Explanation:
Colour blindness is a common hereditary condition which is usually passed down from parents to offspring This is a X linked disorder
Given:
male - Xc Y ( color blind)
Female- Xc X ( carrier)
gametes, Xc, Y * Xc , X
F1 generation:
Xc Xc, Xc X, Xc Y, XY
So Xc Xc female and Xc Y male are colour blind because this disease is X- linked recessive disease,
and Xc X female is carrier,
XY male is normal.
Scientific investigation of the exact effects of environmental steroids on humans is extremely difficult since there are multiple sources of hormones in the environment. Avalid study would require a control group that has not been exposed to the chemicals being studied. Since everyone has had some exposure to environmental hormones, no control group is available to use as a reference Another way to assess the environmental hazard due to storoid hormones is to analyze the amount of residual hormones present following commercial water treatment by water treatment plants Which situation would make researchers suspect that there was an excess of steroid hormones in the environment? 1. An increase in bone fractures in seniors in the area 2. Premature puberty in girls in the area 3. An increase in mutation role in amphibians in the area 4. An increase in foot fungal infections
Explanation:
Steroid hormones are a gathering of hormones, got from cholesterol, from the class of mixes known as steroids. They are emitted by the adrenal cortex, testicles and ovaries, and by the placenta during pregnancy. Based on their receptors, steroid hormones have been ordered into five gatherings: glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, androgens, oestrogens and progestogens. Puberty is the point at which young ladies' bodies and psyches develop and they develop into young ladies. This typically begins when a young lady is around 10 years of age. Some of the time, however, an a lot more youthful young lady begins to give the indications of puberty. This is called intelligent (pre-KOH-shuss), or early adolescence (PU-ber-ty).Hence the right answer is option 2 Premature puberty in girls in the area".How do plants that are adapted to dry and salty soils normally tolerate the low water potential in the environment?
Answer:
By lowering the solute potential inside their cells
Explanation:
Here is the complete question:.
How do plants that are adapted to dry and salty soils tolerate the low water potential in the environment?
By increasing transpiration
By lowering the solute potential inside their cells
By wilting during daytime
By keeping their stomata closed all the time
And the answer is
By lowering the solute potential inside their cells
A scientist wants to change the DNA of a sexually reproducing organism and have the new DNA present in every cell of the organism. In order to do this after fertilization, she would change the DNA in the:_______1. Zygote2. Placenta3. Testes of the father4. Overies of the mother
Answer:
The correct answer is 1. zygote
Explanation:
Zygote is formed after the fertilization of male and female gametes. So zygote is the first cell that is produced after the fertilization step. Zygote contains DNA from male and female parents and the DNA divides as the zygote divides by mitosis.
So zygote is cell in which the DNA should be changed to provide the new DNA to every cell because the zygotic cell will divided and give rise to other cells in the organism. So the correct answer is 1.
The symptoms of a certain inherited disorder in humans include breathing problems and, in males, sterility. Which of the following is a reasonable hypothesis for the molecular basis of this disorder? a. a defective enzyme in the mitochondria, b. defective actin molecules in cellular microfilaments, c. defective dynein molecules in cilia and flagella, d. abnormal hydrolytic enzymes in the lysosomes, or e. defective ribosome assembly in the nucleolus?
A reasonable hypothesis for the molecular basis of this disorder is defective dynein molecules in cilia and flagella.
Explanation:
A hereditary condition called Kartagener's syndrome refrains cilia from clearing the respiratory tract of dirt and dust. The syndrome causes due to mutation in genes that are responsible for structure and function of cilia. Mutations may occur due to smoking which causes damage to cilia.
A defect in motor protein dyenin of cilia caused immotile cilia and hence frequent infections in lungs and respitratory problems.
The motility of sperm depends on the flagella. The disorder in flagella would make sperm immotile hence the sterility in males due to rare Kartagener syndrome.
Cytoskeletol motor protein called dyein move with the microtubules is found in flagella. The mutation in the protein would cause flagella gets defective or damage causing sterility in males.
The hypothesis is made based upon the results obtain by the mutations at molecular level; in cilia and flagella.
Final answer:
The symptoms described, including breathing problems and sterility in males, can be attributed to defective dynein molecules in cilia and flagella. This condition affects the movement of substances in the respiratory tract and sperm mobility, leading to the observed symptoms.
Explanation:
The symptoms of a certain inherited disorder that include breathing problems and, in males, sterility, can be hypothetically explained by 'c. defective dynein molecules in cilia and flagella'. Dynein molecules are crucial for the movement of cilia and flagella. Cilia are present on the surfaces of many cells and play an essential role in moving substances over cell surfaces, including the respiratory tract's lining, where they help in clearing mucus. Flagella, on the other hand, are important for the movement of sperm in males. If dynein molecules are defective, it could lead to immotile cilia syndrome, which would explain the breathing problems due to mucus buildup in the respiratory tract and sterility in males due to the inability of sperm to move properly.
The amino acid sequence of cytochrome c is exactly the same in humans and chimpanzees. There is a difference of 13 amino acids between the cytochrome c of humans and dogs, and a difference of 20 amino acids between the cytochrome c of humans and rattle snakes. Which of the following is best supported by these data?
a. Rattlesnakes apparently gave rise evolutionarily to the dog, chimpanzee, and human.
b. Cytochrome c apparently has an entirely different function in rattlesnakes than in mammals, which explains the difference in the number of amino acids.
c. Cytochrome c is not found universally in animals.
d. Cytochrome c from a rattlesnake could function in a dog, but not in a chimpanzee.
e. The human is apparently more closely related to the chimpanzee than to the dog or rattlesnake.
Answer:
Option-(E): The human is apparently more closely related to the chimpanzee than to the dog or rattlesnake.
Explanation:
Humans are primates and that s why we can argue that we are more closely related to the chimpanzees, as there are more similarities inside the genome and the sequences of the amino acids of the two species. And, thus they result in arrangement of both the species inside the same taxonomic level.While, the rattle snake and dog are far more different when it comes to the over all sequences of amino acid inside the living beings cellular structure.A heme protein present within the outer and inner membrane of mitochondria is called Cytochrome c.
The main role is to transport electrons between the III complex and IV complex during ETC.
The correct answer is:
Option E. The human is apparently more closely related to the chimpanzee than to the dog or rattlesnake.
The explanation for this is:
Humans and Chimpanzees both are primates and are nearly related.The genome and amino acid arrays of both animals are more comparable as correlated to any other mammal.They come below the same taxonomical arrangement.Rattlesnake being a reptile and dog being a mammal is different in amino acid sequences and are different in characters too.Therefore, humans are closely related to chimpanzees than dogs or rattlesnakes.
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What is not a function of the respiratory system?
Answer:
Any Function that has nothing to do with gas exchange, acid-base balance, phonation, pulmonary defense and metabolism.
Explanation:
What is not evidence that the charophytes are the closest taxon to plants?
Answer:
the presence of chloroplasts
Explanation:
Here is the complete question:.
Which of the following is not evidence that charophytes are the closest algal relatives of plants?
A)similar sperm structure
B)genetic similarities in chloroplasts
C)similarities in cell wall formation during cell division
D)the presence of chloroplasts
E)similarities in proteins that synthesize cellulose
And the answer is
D)the presence of chloroplasts
please help me with this
Answer:SO2 is an organic compound.K is an Element.CL is and inorganic elemental molecule. C6H6 is an inorganic compound.
Explanation:
If a sexually reproducing organism has 28 chromosomes in its body cells, how many chromosomes did it inherit from each parent?
If a parent cell has 28 chromosomes and undergoes meiosis, the resulting cells will have 14 chromosomes.
what's a chromosome and its role?A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. maximum eukaryotic chromosomes include packaging proteins called histones which, aided via chaperone proteins, bind to and condense the DNA molecule to maintain its integrity.
Chromosomes are the highest level of organization of DNA and proteins. the main feature of chromosomes is to carry the DNA and transfer the genetic information from mother and father to offspring. Chromosomes play a vital role throughout cellular division. They defend the DNA from getting tangled and damaged.
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The belief that children's immune systems need to be exposed to viruses and bacteria in order to strengthen them, but that children are overprotected from this exposure, is called the __________.
Answer:
hygiene hypothesis
Explanation:
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In examining a protist, you notice that it lacks a cell wall, and has movement with cytoplasmic streaming. These data allow you to infer that the species belongs to which of the following protist groups? In examining a protist, you notice that it lacks a cell wall, and has movement with cytoplasmic streaming. These data allow you to infer that the species belongs to which of the following protist groups? A) Rhizaria B) Stramenopila C) Alveolata D) Excavata E) Amoebozoa
Explanation:
Amoebozoa refers to a large group of microorganisms that do not form tissues and can alter their shape. The amoebozoans all have a tube or lobe-shaped pseudopods. That's one of the ways we classify themNow, with roughly 2,400 different species, the amoebozoans take up a lot of space on this planet. I mean, not literally they're pretty small but they are important parts of many ecological systems. So let's get to know them. They're the closest to monstersHence, the right answer is option E "Amoebozoa"
What is meant by double fertilization? Select all that apply. A diploid zygote is formed. Two diploid zygotes form. Endosperm will form. Plants aren't real.
Answer:
A diploid zygote is formed; Endosperm will form.
Explanation:
The fertilization in angiosperms (flowering plants) is known as double fertilization. In this process, two male gametes or sperms are involved where one sperm fertilizes the ovum or egg cell and forms a diploid zygote that develops into an embryo while the other sperm fertilizes two polar nuclei and forms a triploid cell that develops into the endosperm.
The female reproductive structure of a flower includes stigma, style, and ovary. During pollination, the pollen grain attaches to the stigma where it begins to germinate and forms a pollen tube that grows into the style and reaches the ovary. It enters the ovary and penetrates an opening in the ovule called the micropyle. The generative cell in the pollen grain travels through the pollen tube and divides to form two sperms that enter into the ovule.
Usually, six cells (three antipodal cells, two synergid cells, and one egg cell) and two polar central nuclei are present in an unfertilized ovule. Here, a process known as syngamy occurs, where one haploid sperm fertilizes the haploid egg cell or ovum and forms a diploid zygote. It later grows into an embryo. The other haploid sperm fuses with the two haploid polar nuclei to form a triploid nucleus that develops into the endosperm (nutrient-rich tissue) which provides nourishment to the growing embryo. Later, the fertilized ovule forms the seed and the ovary develops into the fruit which envelops and protects the seed.
A patient's mammogram is reviewed and the radiologist reports a normal exam. Six months later, the patient finds a lump in her breast. The patient has a lumpectomy and makes a full recovery. It was determined that the mass was present and visible in the original mammogram. The patient sued claiming mental anguish. What type of damages might she be awarded
Answer:
General compensatory
Explanation:
Damages are a remedy in the form of a monetary award to be paid to a claimant as compensation for loss or injury. To warrant the award, the claimant must show that a breach of duty has caused foreseeable loss. To be recognised at law, the loss must involve damage to property, or mental or physical injury; pure economic loss is rarely recognised for the award of damages.
Compensatory damages are grouped into special damages: which are economic losses such as loss of earnings, property damage and medical expenses, and general damages: which are non-economic damages such as pain and suffering and emotional distress. Our ordeal here falls under the General Damage
General damages compensate the claimant for the non-monetary aspects of the specific harm suffered. This is usually termed 'pain, suffering and loss of amenity'.
Explain why the process of mitosis is important to eukaryotic organisms.
Answer:
Mitosis is a cell division method where the unicellular organisms such as amoeba, carries out the process of reproduction (asexual reproduction). This type of cell division process helps in the growth, betterment and development of the cells in the case of multicellular organisms.
During the time of mitosis cell division, a eukaryotic cell can produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other.
Polydactylism is a dominant trait that results in extra fingers and toes in humans. A polydactyl man marries a woman with 10 fingers and toes. They have a child that has a normal number of digits. The phenotype of the man's father is unknown, but his mother has a normal phenotype. What are the genotypes of the married couple? .
Final answer:
The genotypes of the married couple could be either Polydactyl (PP) or Heterozygous (Pp) for the man, and Normal (pp) for the woman.
Explanation:
To determine the genotypes of the married couple, we need to consider the information given in the question. The condition of polydactylism is stated to be a dominant trait in humans. This means that individuals who have the gene for polydactylism will express the trait and have extra fingers and toes. Since the child of the couple has a normal number of digits, it indicates that they do not have the gene for polydactylism.
From this information, we can conclude that the woman with 10 fingers and toes does not have the polydactylism gene, as she would have expressed the trait if she did. The man, who has polydactylism, must have inherited the gene from one of his parents. However, the phenotype of his father is unknown, meaning we cannot determine his genotype with certainty. It is possible that the man's father does not have the gene for polydactylism, and the man inherited it from his mother.
Therefore, based on the given information, the possible genotypes of the married couple are:
Man: Polydactyl (PP) or Heterozygous (Pp)
Woman: Normal (pp)
Many tropical zooplankton have elaborate spines. These have been interpreted as either a defense against predation or a means to increase drag and prevent sinking. How would you determine which was the likely reason for these structures
Answer:
Means to increase drag and prevent sinking is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Plankton avoid sinking by increasing their surface area and decreasing their density. Spines slow down sinking by adding surface area without increasing density. Defense against predation would be to sing below. Not the opposite.
Which of the following is not a factor that has contributed to agricultural success in the US? A. expansive infrastructure and mechanized equipment B. access to expensive chemical fertilizers and pesticides C. controlled population growth D. the prohibition of hybridized crops Please select the best answer from the choices provided. A B C D
The prohibition of hybridized crops is not a factor that has contributed to agricultural success in the US. The correct answer is D.
Explanation:The correct answer is D. The prohibition of hybridized crops. This has not contributed to agricultural success in the US. Hybridized crops have actually been instrumental in increasing yields and improving crop quality. They are engineered to have desirable traits, such as resistance to diseases and pests, which helps increase productivity and reduce the need for chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
On the other hand, the other options listed - expansive infrastructure and mechanized equipment, access to expensive chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and controlled population growth - have all played crucial roles in agricultural success in the US.
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The correct answer is D. the prohibition of hybridized crops, which has not contributed to agricultural success in the US. Hybridized crops have, in fact, enhanced productivity. Options A, B, and C have all been significant contributors to agricultural success.
The factor that has not contributed to agricultural success in the US is D. the prohibition of hybridized crops. On the contrary, the development and use of hybridized and genetically modified crops have been instrumental in increasing agricultural productivity in the country. This is in contrast to the factors listed in options A, B, and C, which have all played significant roles in the success of US agriculture:
Expansive infrastructure and mechanized equipment (A) have allowed for the efficient planting, cultivation, and harvesting of crops on a large scale.Access to expensive chemical fertilizers and pesticides (B) has enabled farmers to boost yield by supplying essential nutrients and protecting crops from pests and diseases.Controlled population growth (C) has allowed agriculture to meet the dietary needs of the population without overextending the capacity of available farmland and resources.Historically, the Green Revolution introduced numerous agricultural techniques that included the use of inorganic fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation, alongside the introduction of new grain varieties, which significantly increased output and staved off the Malthusian predictions of overpopulation outstripping food production.
Angiosperms, or flowering plants, have a life cycle characterized by an alternation of generations, meaning that there are two different multicellular forms: one haploid form and one diploid form. In addition to the alternation of generations, other aspects of the angiosperm life cycle, including pollination, fertilization, and seed development, have enabled flowering plants to populate and thrive in a variety of environments.1. True2. False
Answer:
All of the above mentioned is true for the angiosperm. The flowering plants are otherwise known as angiosperms. The presence of flowers, endosperm present inside a seed, and a seed containing fruit are the distinguishing features of the angiosperms
Explanation:
Alternation of generations is a type of life cycle that is characterized by the presence of both the haploid and the diploid stage. The former stage is sexual and the latter is asexual in nature. The haploid gametophyte is formed via haploid spores undergoing the process of mitosis.
The process of pollination establishes pollination by the transfer of the male part of the flower to the female part that is known as the pollen and ovary respectively. In the angiosperms the landing of the pollen grain to the stigma eventually forms the pollen tube that reaches the ovary. The process of pollen transfer takes place via wind, water or pollinators. Also the process of homologous recombination adds to the genetic diversity thereby helping the plants to adapt to variety of environmental conditions.
Ape species began to dwindle during the Miocene, leaving only a few remaining: a situation that exists up to the present. It is thought that the number of ape species reduced at that time because
The change in weather pattern caused forest to become sparse and hot weather caused the reduction of apes as they had less food and difficulty in surviving the climate.
Explanation:
In Miocene epoch volcanic mountain chains were created in Central Africa which abruptly changed the local weather.
The sea-level got drop due to global cooling of that time.
This resulted in continental drift making land connection of Africa with Eurasia.
The primates started migrating through this route.
The African forest become dry causing selective pressures in primates.
The cooler climate in Eurasia caused extinction and migration of primates to Africa in late Miocene epoch.
The hot and humid climate and less woodland caused a reduction in number of apes which were replaced by modern world monkeys.
Ovalbumin is a protein found in eggs. Describes the molecular structure of ovalbumin
Answer:
The protein present in the white portion of an egg is termed as ovalbumin and it holds more than 55 percent of the overall constituent of the protein present in an egg. However, the exact function of ovalbumin within the egg is not known yet, though it is considered as a storage protein.
As it is known that all the proteins are the polymers of the amino acids. Thus, ovalbumin also as a protein must comprise the amino acid chains, which are associated together via a peptide bond. The amino acid chains get a twist and folded in an appropriate function and provide a specific three-dimensional shape to the protein.
Answer:
Ovalbumin is the main protein found in the egg white, which constitutes approximately 55 per cent of the total proteins inside an egg.
The main function of this protein is non known but it serves as a storage protein in the cell.
The ovalbumin of the chicken is made of 385 amino acids whose molecular mass is 42. 7 kDa.
It has N-terminal acetylation, Glycosylation and G1 phosphorylation . Ovalbumin forms a serpin like structure.
A number of mosquito populations today are resistant to specific insecticides, even though those insecticides were highly effective when they were first introduced. Biologists believe that insecticide resistance evolved in mosquitoes because A. a few mosquitoes were probably resistant to the insecticide before it was ever used. These survived and passed that trait on to their offspring. B. mosquitoes needed to develop insecticide resistance to survive after the insecticide was used. C. the presence of the insecticide caused some mosquitoes to develop resistance; they survived and passed the trait to their offspring. D. current mosquito populations are phenotypically variable and exhibit differential fitness in different environments. E. individual mosquitoes built up an immunity to an insecticide after being exposed to it.
Explanation:
Rehashed utilization of a similar class of pesticides to control a bug can cause unwanted changes in the genetic stock of a vermin prompting another type of counterfeit determination, pesticide opposition. At the point when a pesticide is first utilized, a little extent of the bug populace may endure introduction to the material because of their unmistakable hereditary cosmetics These people go along the qualities for protection from the people to come. Resulting employments of the pesticide increment the extent of less-helpless people in the populace. Through this procedure of choice, the populace step by step creates protection from the pesticide. Around the world, in excess of 500 types of bugs, bugs, and arachnids have built up some degree of pesticide oppositionHence, the right answer is option "A"Allele frequencies of a population can change by A. natural selection. B. genetic drift. C. mutations in the gene pool. D. founder effect. E. All of the above.
Allele frequencies of a population can change through natural selection, genetic drift, and mutations in the gene pool. The founder effect can also lead to changes in allele frequencies.
option e is correct
Explanation:Allele frequencies of a population can change through natural selection, genetic drift, and mutations in the gene pool. Natural selection is the process by which certain alleles are favored and become more prevalent in a population over time.
Genetic drift is the random change in allele frequencies due to chance events. Mutations introduce new alleles into the gene pool, possibly leading to changes in allele frequencies. Additionally, the founder effect, which occurs when a small group of individuals becomes isolated and establishes a new population, can also lead to changes in allele frequencies.
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