Four laws or principles are involved with the study of stratigraphy. They are _____.

Final answer:

From the given options, anemones (A) are the organisms that do not commonly have exoskeletons. Crustaceans, insects, and spiders are all invertebrates known for having exoskeletons.

Explanation:

The question asks us to identify which of the listed organisms do not commonly have exoskeletons. An exoskeleton is a hard covering or shell that provides benefits to the animal, such as protection from predators and water loss, and attachment points for muscles. This characteristic is often found in various invertebrates, notably within the group named arthropods, which includes insects, spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs, centipedes, and crustaceans. After reviewing the options given:

Given the information, the correct answer is A) Anemone, which is the organism not commonly associated with an exoskeleton.

The central vacuole is the organelle that often takes up the majority of the volume in a plant cell. It serves several functions such as storing water, disposing waste, and aiding in cellular growth.

The organelle that often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell is the central vacuole. In a plant cell, the central vacuole serves multiple functions, most notably, it stores water and helps the plant maintain its shape. During periods of drought, this vacuole can help the plant survive by preserving water within its cell walls. It's also involved in waste disposal, storage of nutrients and molecules, and cellular growth. The central vacuole can occupy up to 80% of the volume of some plant cells, making it the largest organelle in these cells.

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The cell membrane of a cell with high mass is better able to feed the cytoplasm of the cell key.

The ability of a cell membrane to facilitate the transport of nutrients into the cytoplasm is not directly related to the mass of the cell but rather to the properties of the cell membrane itself, such as its permeability, the presence of transport proteins, and the surface area-to-volume ratio.

For a cell with high mass, it typically has a larger surface area, which means more cell membrane is available for the diffusion of nutrients and exchange with the environment.

This larger surface area relative to the volume of the cell allows for more efficient transport of substances in and out of the cell. In contrast, as cells grow larger, if their surface area does not increase proportionally, they may face challenges in transporting enough nutrients to support their volume, leading to a lower surface area-to-volume ratio.

However, cells with high mass often have specialized structures such as infoldings or extensions of the cell membrane (like microvilli in intestinal cells), or they may employ active transport mechanisms to move nutrients against a concentration gradient, ensuring that the cytoplasm is adequately nourished.

In summary, while the mass of a cell does not directly determine the efficiency of nutrient transport, cells with high mass typically have adaptations that allow their cell membranes to effectively feed the cytoplasm. These adaptations can include an increased surface area, specialized membrane structures, and active transport mechanisms.

The term used when all individuals in an immediate area aggregate into a large moving mass of cells is called a slug. This is often present in aggregation as this is a way of having to increase its chance of having to provide and find food.

Final answer:

Artificial selection involves human intervention to select for desirable traits in organisms, often used in domestication and agriculture, while natural selection is the process by which the environment selects for traits that improve survival and reproduction, leading to adaptive evolution.

Explanation:

The difference between artificial selection and natural selection lies in the mechanisms that drive the evolution of species. Artificial selection is when humans intervene and select which individuals breed based on desirable traits. This practice is common in agriculture and the domestication of animals, where farmers or breeders select plants and animals to pass specific traits to the next generation. An example is the breeding of cows that produce more milk. On the other hand, natural selection is a process where the environment naturally determines which individuals are more suited to survive and reproduce. Traits that confer an advantage increase in frequency within a population, while disadvantageous traits are selected against, a process called adaptive evolution. Charles Darwin realized that artificial selection was a significant clue to understanding natural evolution, as they both lead to populations that are better adapted over time.

Answer: Carbon dioxide

Explanation: The carbon dioxide can be defined as one of the raw materials that is the main contributor of the global warming.

The carbon dioxide absorbs the heat present in the environment that helps to maintain an optimum temperature on earth for survival.

This carbon dioxide is also used by the plants along with water and sunlight to perform the process of photosynthesis.

Final answer:

Acetyl CoA is the molecule responsible for carrying the acetyl group from pyruvate into the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration. It combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate in the cycle.

Explanation:

The molecule responsible for carrying the acetyl group from pyruvate into the citric acid cycle is acetyl CoA.

During the conversion of pyruvate into the acetyl group, a molecule of carbon dioxide and two high-energy electrons are removed. The carbon dioxide accounts for two of the six carbons of the original glucose molecule, and the electrons are picked up by NAD* to form NADH.

Acetyl CoA then enters the citric acid cycle by combining with a four-carbon molecule, oxaloacetate, to form the six-carbon molecule citrate.

Robert Hooke studied thin slices of cork and described the microscopic, box-like structures he observed as 'cells,' a term he introduced in 1665 in his publication 'Micrographia.'

In 1665, Robert Hooke became the first cytologist to discover and describe cells. Using a microscope to examine thin slices of cork, Hooke observed and sketched structures that resembled a honeycomb pattern, which consisted of repeated circular or square units.

He coined the term 'cell' for these structures as they reminded him of the small rooms, or 'cells,' that monks inhabited. The name 'cell' was derived from the Latin term cella, meaning 'small room.' This ground-breaking observation was documented in his notable publication, Micrographia.

Hooke's work laid the foundation for the field of cell biology as we know it. His illustration of cork cells as they appeared under his simple light microscope was a pioneering contribution to the understanding of plant cells and the structure of living organisms.

Answer: Goblet cells

There are two main areas in the lungs that secrete mucus. From the trachea to the major bronchi ciliated cells and goblet cells are present in the epithelium cells. The surface of the epithelium cells are coated by a mucus layer of viscos elastic gel which acts as a protective barrier and is mobilized by ciliary movement. Mucins are secreted by goblin cells are a major component of the mucus. Mucus is composed of water carbohydrates proteins and lipids

Cystic fibrosis and chronic bronchitis both are a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These disorders are characterized by increasing breathlessness Goblet cells in the lungs are responsible for the extra production of mucus. It plays an essential role in the protection of the mucous membrane.

Further Explanation:

Goblet cells lie in the epithelium lining of the airways that conducts respiration. The vital function of cell is to produce mucus which provides protection to the epithelium by covering it with gel like substance. The mucus produced by these cells is comprises from mucin and inorganic salt. Mucins are the glycosylated protein. They are found in the electrolyte solution.

Mucus is secreted by irritating stimuli which is produced by exocytoses process and helps in the determination of the efficiency of entrapment and transportation of inhaled irritants, particles as well as microorganisms. Mucin is found in the intracellular granules of the goblet cells.

Goblet cells secrete mucus in response to several stimuli such as proteinases, irritant gases, inflammatory mediators, and reactive oxygen species.

In normal conditions, the goblet cells tend to proliferate and differentiate into ciliated cells and help in the maintenance of airway epithelial cell population. T cell mediated immunity is also modifies by goblet cell secretion.

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Answer Details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Biology

Chapter: Respiration and breathing disorders

Keywords:  

Lungs, respiration, goblet cells, ciliated cells, oxygen, carbon dioxide, stimuli, mucus, epithelial cells, gglycosylated, electrolyte, exocytoses, immunity.

Answer: ecological niche

Explanation:

An ecological niche can be define as the functional role that an organism plays in an ecosystem during the coarse of it's life. Like, the type of food chosen for eating, type of habitat chosen, season for breeding, predator- prey relationship, harm and benefit it provides to other species and others.

The acacia tree provides a habitat and protection to the ants these are the functional roles the acacia tree plays in an ecosystem. Therefore, this defines the ecological niche of the acacia tree in an ecosystem.

A marathon runner would be more likely to have well-developed slow twitch muscle fibers, while a weight lifter would be more likely to have fast twitch muscle fibers. So, the correct option is A.

Skeletal muscle consists of two different types of muscle fibers: fast and slow twitch. The contraction speed and endurance of fast and slow smooth muscle fibers differ from each other. Fast twitch fibers are employed for short, strong bursts of exercise such as weightlifting or sprinting, but they tire easily.

Slow-twitch fibers are useful for endurance sports such as long-distance running and cycling because they can sustain contraction for extended periods of time while contracting more slowly and with less force. The ratio of fast and slow twitch muscle fibers can affect a person's athletic performance in many sports.

Therefore, the correct option is A.

Learn more about fast and slow twitch muscle fibers, here:

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Final answer:

The correct answer is A. marathon runner; weight lifter, with marathon runners having more slow twitch fibers for endurance and weight lifters having more fast twitch fibers for strength.

Explanation:

A marathon runner would be more likely to have well-developed slow twitch muscle fibers, while a weight lifter would be more likely to have fast twitch muscle fibers. The correct answer to the question is A. marathon runner; weight lifter.

Slow twitch muscle fibers are more efficient at using oxygen to generate more fuel for continuous, extended muscle contractions over a long time. They are abundant in marathon runners, who participate in endurance sports, because these fibers help sustain aerobic activity and increase endurance.

Fast twitch muscle fibers, on the other hand, are better at generating short bursts of strength or speed than slow twitch fibers but fatigue more quickly. Weight lifters rely on these fibers to perform movements that require power and strength, such as lifting heavy weights. Evidence suggests that athletes involved in power activities like weight lifting have a higher proportion of fast twitch fibers.

Answer;

The above statement is true

The visible spectrum of light that humans see is merely a narrow portion of the larger spectrum of electromagnetic radiation.

Explanation;

The electromagnetic spectrum is a continuum of all electromagnetic waves arranged according to frequency and wavelength. The sun, earth, and other bodies radiate electromagnetic energy of varying wavelengths. Electromagnetic energy passes through space at the speed of light in the form of sinusoidal waves.

The visible spectrum is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye. Electromagnetic radiation in this range of wavelengths is called visible light or simply light.

Answer:

its D

Explanation:

if you dont want to read all that^

Personal characteristics and skills are integral to the Total Customer Relationship Management (TCRM) process. They enhance customer engagement and service, especially when matched properly to job roles through Candidate Analysis and Testing. This includes personality, IQ, integrity, and physical tests.

Personal characteristics and skills play a crucial role in Total Customer Relationship Management (TCRM) process. TCRM focuses on understanding customer needs and preferences to offer utmost satisfaction. Personal attributes such as empathetic understanding, problem-solving skills, and excellent communication can greatly enhance this process.

Candidate Analysis and Testing is a vital component of this. Candidates for customer relationship roles are evaluated based on their knowledge, skills, and other abilities. Personality tests are often used to identify the personality characteristics that would best fit the job. For instance, a high rating of agreeableness might improve performance in a customer support position. Nevertheless, the correlation between personality characteristics and job performance predictions isn't always straightforward. Thus, using personality tests should always be paired with verified assessments that pinpoint which test scores correlate with good performance.

Other tests like IQ tests, integrity tests, and physical tests (drug tests or physical fitness tests) may be given to candidates to ensure they meet all job requirements. In conclusion, personal characteristics and skills significantly support the TCRM process by facilitating more effective customer engagement and service.

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