Answer:
b. Ethnographic research
Explanation:
In sociology and research, an ethnographic research is a type of research where the researcher interact with the population he/she wants to study in their natural environment (this means, not in a lab or an artificial environment). This type of research allows the researcher to get a better understanding of the culture and the population he/she is studying.
In this example, Yani wants to study human development among indigenous cultures in the mountains of Peru and he plans to move to Peru to integrate with his study subjects and make social connections and observe their daily life up close, we can see that he wants to interact with his study subjects in their natural environment in order to get a better understanding of their culture. Therefore, this type of research design is an ethnographic research.
A hockey player who was playing in the final game of the season before a hostile crowd in the opponent’s packed stadium had an opportunity to get his team into the playoffs, but he missed a shot into an open net as the horn sounded, ending the game. As the crowd cheered and jeered, the puck bounced back to him and he shot it in anger toward the stands. A fan who had been looking the other way turned back toward the rink just in time to be struck in the face by the puck. He suffered a broken nose and a severe gash under his eye. After the game, the league commissioner fined the player for violating league rules by intentionally directing the puck out of the playing area. If the fan sues the player for battery, will the fan likely prevail?
Yes the fan would prevail it, because the player knew that it was certain that a fan would be hit by the puck. So in this is very clear how the the fan would know that, because both of them already knew it.
In his article, "Engineering Ethics: Applications and Responsibilities", Bill Baker argues that the goals of those teaching courses in ethics are:
a. To provide hard and fast "yes" and "no" answers
b. To generate awareness of ethical concerns and dilemmas
c. To disarm prejudices
d. To bring about more value laden professional behavior
e. None of the above
Answer: B, C, D
Explanation: In Bill Baker's article on "Engineering Ethics: Application and Responsibilities", It can be argued that the goals of those teaching courses in ethics could be summarized into ;
1. Generate awareness of ethical concerns and responsibilities, The author argues that raising the level of awareness and knowledge of ethical principles and rules.
2. Disarm prejudice, To explain and clarify ethical issues which are fallacious and provide clarity on vague issues.
3. Bring more value laden professional behavior, Establishing and sensitization on the need for professionalism, abiding by standard practices and behavior.
Answer:
b. To generate awareness of ethical concerns and dilemmas
c. To disarm prejudices
d. To bring about more value laden professional behavior
Explanation:
William Frazier Baker, also known as Bill Baker is an American structural engineer known for engineering the Burj Khalifa, the world's tallest building/man-made structure.
In his article on engineering ethics, he notes that the aim of studying and teaching ethics isn't to define "absolute ethical codes" but to consider ethical values and apply them to bring professional value. He also notes the need for a patterned approach in ethical values and the role of the society in these ethics.
What type of thinking could be described as taking different directions in search of a variety of answers to a question?
Answer:
Divergent Thinking.
Explanation:
Divergent thinking is illustrated as the creative and spontaneous thinking process that primarily intends to produce a variety of new and creative ideas by investigating all the possible solutions in a free-flowing manner.
As per the question, 'divergent thinking' would be demonstrated as the thinking process that involves 'taking different directions'('exploring possible solutions') to produce a variety of creative answers to a particular question. The chief aim of such thinking is to divide a problem into distinct elements to perceive the distinct aspects of the topic creatively.
In a debate, Laura states that corruption in the United States has decreased. She substantiate this claim by comparing the number of instances of bribery of the present year to that of the previous year. In this case, Laura is _____.
Answer: Arguing from causation
Explanation:
Arguing from causation is an arguement which has a casual statement concluding it. Laura argues from causation.
The defendant is charged with the battery of a bouncer at a local tavern. At the trial, the prosecutor introduces evidence that while the bouncer was attempting to question the defendant about her intoxicated demeanor, the defendant committed a battery on the bouncer. The defendant attempts to defend against the charge on the basis of self-defense, insisting that the bouncer used excessive force in stopping her from entering the tavern. The defendant attempts to introduce into evidence an authenticated copy of the tavern records that show that three patrons had written complaints against the bouncer within the past six months for the use of excessive force. The prosecutor objects on the grounds that the records are inadmissible character evidence. Should the court sustain the objection?
Answer:
Yes the court should sustain the objection.
Explanation:
a victim's character can only be formed through evidences of credibility or opinion.Character means the particular mental and moral collective attributes or traits which differentiate an individual or a thing. Character evidence is generally inadmissible.
Which of the following is not a question posed in the ethical decision-making metric? A) Would the person I admire most engage in this activity? B) Will I be able to look at myself in the mirror and respect what I see? C) Will this action help advance my career? D) Would I want to see this action described on the front page of the local paper? E) Can I give a clear explanation for my action?
Answer:
C) Will this action help advance my career?
Explanation:
Ethical decision making means making decision based on moral principles and guidance. It is a kind of decision that is made from the place of one's conscience.
When making a ethical decision, questions about how it conforms to one's moral principles will be evaluated as well as other unethical viewpoint that will help the decision maker choose the best from different alternatives.
All the questions asked in the option given are related to ethics except option C
Read the example and determine which characteristics best describe the variable in this survey. Farah is surveying people by phone from many different areas throughout the United States. She records their zip codes in order to keep track of what areas the participants are from.
Answer: Categorical, Operational, self report.
Explanation:
1. Categorical variable represents the value of a limited and usually fixed number of values such as marital status, gender, etc. This type of variable can take on numeric data e.g 1 for samsung, 2 for iphone. Nonetheless, these numbers don't have mathematical meaning.
2. Operational variable is the specific way a variable is measured. E.g Farah measured the area of participants by using zip codes.
3. Self report variable relies on individual own's report. Variables are revealed by the participants of the survey in order to gain participants responses in observed study.
Which schedule of reinforcement presents the reinforcer at the end of a predetermined interval, contingent on the number of responses emitted during the interval being greater than a gradually increasing criterion based on the individual's performance in previous intervals?
Answer:
Differential Reinforcement Ratio of High Rates
Explanation:
Differential Reinforcement Ratio of High Rates is a schedule of reinforcement when reinforcement is provided at the end of a predetermined interval, contingent on the number of responses emitted during the interval being greater than a gradually increasing criterion based on the individual's performance in previous intervals, it is contingent upon emitting at least a certain number of responses in a certain period of time. When reinforcement is higher than a predetermined criterion, it produces a higher rate of return.
Final answer:
The schedule in question is a variable interval schedule, where reinforcement is given after fluctuating time intervals contingent on the number of responses being above a variable criterion. This differs from a fixed interval schedule, which provides consistent reinforcement after set time periods.
Explanation:
The schedule of reinforcement described in the question, where a reinforcer is presented at the end of a predetermined interval based on the number of responses being greater than a gradually increasing criterion from previous intervals, is known as a variable interval schedule. This type of schedule presents the reinforcement at inconsistent time intervals, but the intervals fluctuate around a mean time frame. The behavior is reinforced, but not after every response, and the reinforcement is contingent upon the number of responses exceeding a variable criteria. This makes each reinforcement unpredictable, boosting the likelihood that the desired behavior will be maintained over time.
Unlike a fixed interval schedule which delivers reinforcement after a set amount of time regardless of the number of responses, the variable interval schedule requires the reinforcer to be presented after an interval that changes based on the individual's performance during the past intervals. This reinforces a steady rate of response without the 'scalloped' pattern that is typically found in fixed interval schedules, where there is often a pause after a reinforcement is given.
Which of the following is an environmental policy based on tradable pollution permits?
A. ignoring pollution and letting private markets operate without government interference
B. allowing automobile drivers to buy and sell the right to a certain level of automobile emissions
C. a charge of $0.10 to automobile drivers for a given level of emitted emissions
D. paying automobile drivers $0.10 for each 10% reduction in automobile emissions
Option B
Allowing automobile drivers to buy and sell the right to a certain level of automobile emissions is an environmental policy based on tradable pollution permits
Explanation:It has been declared that tradable pollution permits accomplish the fancied level of pollution limitation at an optimal cost to society. They give groups a legitimate right to pollute a specific cost per set period. Firms that contaminate less can then sell their unused pollution privileges to firms that pollute more further. The purpose of this is that polluting firms and public means differ in their capacity to reduce their pollution –Consequently, tradable pollution permits can be a cost-effective way to reach a decline in overall pollution.
The environmental policy based on tradable pollution permits is allowing automobile drivers to buy and sell the right to a certain level of automobile emissions. In this system, firms are allocated emissions permits up to a specified limit and can trade permits with each other.
Explanation:The environmental policy based on tradable pollution permits is option B: allowing automobile drivers to buy and sell the right to a certain level of automobile emissions.
In a tradable permit system, the government sets a limit on the amount of a pollutant that can be emitted. Firms are allocated emissions permits up to the specified limit. If a firm needs to emit more, they can buy permits from other firms that have excess permits. This allows firms to trade permits according to their needs and incentivizes them to reduce their emissions.
For example, in a scenario where ten firms each hold 1,000 permits for sulfur dioxide emissions, they can trade permits to achieve their total emission limit.
A firm with excess permits can sell them to another firm in need, incentivizing the reduction of emissions. This system ensures that the overall pollution level remains within the specified limit while allowing flexibility for firms to manage their emissions.
A major American city has a large population and a built-up commercial area. The city typically has higher nighttime temperatures than nearby rural areas. What is this an example of?
Answer:An urban heat island
Explanation:An urban heat island refers to when a city becomes much warmer especially at night more than nearby rural areas. This difference is a result of how surfaces in each place absorb and hold heat.
Why does this happen?
A rural area is on the country side while an urban area is ina city , these places experiences the heat from the sun in the same way but the way they absorb and hold heat is different.
Rural areas are covers with plants ,grass and farmland which has green crops. All these plants absorb water and some water during the process of transpiration moves to the stem and leaves , this water on the leaves get evaporated and is released into the air. This is the same water that will cool out the nature in rural areas.
On the other side if you go to the city there no plants but many tall buildings ,streets and parking lots all of these are usually all dark materials.
Dark materials absorbs all wavelength of light and covert it into heat , which warms up the area
Answer:
urban heat island
Explanation:
An urban heat island, abbreviated UHI, is used to describe urban areas or typical cities or metropolitan areas which are warmer than surrounding areas such as the rural areas. This heat is prevalent at night and is a result of human activities in the area in the form of land usage and waste heat from energy usage. UHIs are common among large commercial cities which are high populated.
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Stress
Which body system is responsible for sensing stress? Identify three ways the body reacts to stress. (Site 1)
Answer: Cortisol, that is, the stress hormone.
Explanation:
Cortisol is a hormone secreted in the adrenal cortex. This hormone, in addition to being responsible for stress, intensifies the desire for food.
There are several signs that the organism is stressed and the body acts in many ways in such a situation.
Muscle tension and neck pain is a widespread reaction of the body to stress. Often sweating can be the result of too much pressure. Teeth grinding is linked to stress by scientists.
Answer:
Sympathetic nervous system that senses and responds to stress, the main function of the sympathetic nervous system is to sense stress or danger, and initiate all the physiological changes involved in the “fight or flight” response, Your breathing rate increases, releases stress hormones including adrenaline, noradrenaline, and cortisol, You sweat to cool down.
Explanation:
The _______________________________ is the primary decision making process for identifying hazards and controlling risks across the full spectrum of military missions, functions, operations, and activities.
Answer:
The CRM (Composite Risk Management) is the primary decision making process for identifying hazards and controlling risks across the full spectrum of military missions, functions, operations, and activities.
Explanation:
Composite Risk Management (CRM) is a decision-making process used by the military to mitigate certaing risks and hazards related to personnel's injuries, damage of equipment or mission effectiveness.
To be effective, the CRM process must include some basic steps, such as: identifying hazards to the force, assessing hazards to evaluate risks, developing controls, implementing those new controls, supervising and evaluating the full process.
What additional complementary ingredients are traditionally used to compliment the primary flavor in purée soups?
Answer:
The additional complementary ingredients that are traditionally used to compliment the primary flavor in purée soups are cream, warm bread, veggies, etc.
Explanation:
The supple taste that most puree soups made by pureeing starch from ingredients like shellfish and corn have is capable of blending with a lot of other flavors as per the choice of the individual. Pureed soups offer the flexibility to add more flavors and still dispense the quality of multiple flavors in the same soup as starch pureed from the main ingredient and the flavor added afterward give out distinct tastes.___ is a set of major understandings and assumptions shared by a group, such as within an ethic group or country.
Answer: Culture
Explanation:
Culture is the term that is used to refers to the group of people that encompasses the various types of norms and also the social behavior which include the beliefs, capabilities, knowledge and the laws in the human society.
The culture is one of the main factor that helps in providing the various types of economical and the social benefits and it also enhance the living quality.
According to the given question, the culture is one of the set of assumptions and the understanding that is specifically shared in the country and the ethic group.
Therefore, Culture is the correct answer.
Final answer:
The term in question refers to principles or morality, which encompass a society's collective beliefs and values, often described as the political culture in the context of a country. These include shared ideologies, social norms, collective identity, and traditions.
Explanation:
The blank in the question refers to a society's shared, stable beliefs about what is good and bad, or right and wrong. This concept is often encapsulated in the terms principles or morality. These are the assumptions and convictions held by an individual, group, or culture about the truth or existence of something. In a more specific sense, referring to a particular country, we use the term political culture, which encompasses the collective ideologies, values, beliefs, norms, assumptions, and patterns of behavior that characterize that country.
Social norms also play into this definition as the ways of thinking, feeling, or behaving that are shared by group members and perceived by them as appropriate. Altogether, this set of shared knowledge constitutes the cultural foundation - including a collective identity, common language, and a cherished set of traditions - that shapes how members of the group understand the world and interact within it.
________ is the collection and analysis of information to produce an intelligence end product designed to inform police decision making at both the tactical and strategic levels.
Answer:
The answer is Intelligence-led policing (ILP).
Explanation:
Intelligence-led policing (ILP) refers to a policing model that was made regarding the assessment as well as management of risk. Intelligence-led policing was established in the 1990s in Britain as well as in the United States.
Intelligence-led policing acquired relevant importance after the September 11 terrorist attacks that took place in the United States. Nowadays, it is advocated aspects related to leadership concerning police associations in both the U.S. and the UK.
The economic or protective potential of employee experience, actions, and knowledge is referred to as ______.
Answer:
The correct answer to the following question will be "Human capital".
Explanation:
Human capital is indeed an appreciating asset or reliability not mentioned on the financial statements of an undertaking. It can be defined as the monetary value of the knowledge and competences of an employee.It covers qualities that employers value including schooling, preparation, knowledge, abilities, safety and other issues like honesty and timeliness.Therefore, it's the right answer.
A researcher asks an assistant to conduct a study on her behalf. She specifically tells her assistant only to share the results anonymously and not include the names of the students along with their scores. Such an experiment would be considered a_____________.
Answer: Double-blind experiment.
Explanation:
Double blind experiment is study in which participants and experiments do not have any idea about which participant or person will be going through treatment of experiment.This process in followed is experimentation to extract unbiased results.
According to the question,researcher is conducting double-blind experiment in which he does not know who will receive the treatment in experiment and neither students are aware about it.Also, their scores and names are not concealed.
To help students learn that problems are based on many factors and may have more than one solution, a fifth-grade science teacher has students review data about a recent water shortage in the community. Which learning activity can students perform to achieve this objective?
Answer:
Research different aspects of the issue and create a list of ways to addresses shortage.
Explanation:
By researching different t aspects of the issue and create a list of ways to addresses shortage, the students will be conditioned to use their cognitive skills to analyze the cause of the problem and develop an out-of-the box thinking that enable them to tackle that problem with creative solutions.
In the excerpt above, The teacher could guide the students to find out the causes of the shortage and explore many inventions that they can use to address it. For example, if the water shortage is caused by heat, the teacher could teach them method that can be used to cool down the environment and prevent the water from evaporating.
The entire area of land that a river drains is called its __________. View Available Hint(s) The entire area of land that a river drains is called its __________. watershed phytoplankton wetland dead zone
Answer:
Watershed
Explanation:
Watershed is an entire area of land where a river sheds.
Because of the cost of medical school, poorer students may be less likely to become doctors than higher socio-economic status students due to not having the money for medical school. Which theorists would be more likely to examine how this trend impacts social stratification in the U.S.?
A) Functionalists
B) Symbolic Interactionists
C) Conflict Theorists
D) Entitlement Theorists
Answer:C) Conflict Theorists
Explanation:According to conflict theorists society is in a constant conflict because of the competition for limited resources. Social stratification has resulted into a state where those with power and wealth reign over those who are powerless and poor.
The rich keeping getting what they want and taking everything for themselves whilst the poor are restricted and controlled by the rich. The rich make the rules which supresses the poor.
The rich get better Educational opportunities whilst the poor can't afford such opportunities.
In an experiment, hypnotized subjects are told to scratch their ear every time they hear the word "psychology." The results indicate that they do this only if they think the experiment is still under way. These findings most clearly support the theory that hypnosis involves:
Answer:
Role-playing.
Explanation:
Hypnosis is described as the therapeutic strategy that involves a state or condition of favorably devoted concentration to relax the minds and increase responsiveness. Such a technique assists an individual in 'role-playing' by visualizing and practicing various ways of managing a situation with full consciousness and attention.
As per the given description, the given outcomes/findings reveal that hypnosis involves 'role-playing' as 'hypnosis' lead to enhance their suggestibility as they are chiefly concentrating on listening to the specific word in order to enhance their consciousness. Thus, 'role-playing' is the answer.
The experiment's results support the cognitive-behavioral theory of hypnosis, suggesting that hypnosis is mainly about a person's expectations, attitudes, and motivation, not a uniquely different state of consciousness.
The results of the experiment you described support the cognitive-behavioral theory of hypnosis. This theory suggests that hypnosis is not a distinctly different state of awareness, but is a result of the hypnotized person's expectations, attitudes, and motivation. In this experiment, the subjects scratched their ear when they heard the word 'psychology' only when they thought the experiment was still under way, indicating they were motivated to behave in a way that they believed was expected of them during the experiment. This is in accordance with the cognitive-behavioral perspective.
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Kayden had to take a Rorschach inkblot test for his new job. He is worried because he has heard that the Rorschach is not a very good test. Critics would agree and suggest that the Rorschach is:_________
a) an old test.
b) not very reliable and has limited validity.
c) not a projective test.
d) not a personality test.
Answer:
Option b.
Explanation:
Rorschach inkblot test is a psychological test that is been used to test for mental well-being of people. The test was proposed and developed by Hermann Rorschach. The Rorschach inkblot test is not hundred percent efficient for testing mental well-being of people because it can not detect things like depression in a person, how likely a person or individual can be violent and so on.
Critics would surely agree with Kayden and suggest that the Rorschach is not very reliable and has limited validity.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
________ is the study that seeks to discover systematic relationships between culture and psychological variables.
Answer:
cross-cultural psychology
Under what terms is the Central Pacific Railroad Company of California authorized to build a railway headed east?
According to the terms of the pacific railroad act two companies were given authority to continue the construction of the railroads the Central pacific railroad company would start building from Sacramento heading to the east across sierra, Nevada and the Union pacific railroad would build westward.
Explanation:
Central pacific railroad company was chartered first by the united states congress to build its transcontinental railroad from Sacramento to heading to the east. The Central Pacific would be dominated by the “Big Four” who were the major business men who had no experience about construction of railway projects.
They borrowed heavily to finance the projects and utilized all the loopholes of the constitution in order to gain funds for completing this project.
During his career, Anthony has worked as a juvenile police officer, corrections counselor in a state prison, and executive director of an urban re-development program. In view of this, which description best describes Anthony's career path?
A. Anthony has been a pure sociologist.
B. Anthony has assumed the role of being a basic sociologist.
C. Anthony has been an applied sociologist.
D. Anthony can best be described as a social reformer.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Answer:
Anthony has been an applied sociologist.
The nominal interest rate is 7% on a 1-year loan for $1,000. The lender had anticipated an inflation rate of 2% for the coming year. During the year, however, the economy experienced deflation of 4%. In this case:
a. the borrower is hurt and the lender is helped by deflation.
b. the borrower is helped and the lender is hurt by deflation.
c. there is no benefit or harm either to the borrower or the lender.
d. the effects on the borrower and the lender depend on their respective tax rates.
e. both the borrower and lender are hurt by deflation.
Answer:
C or d
Explanation:
Answer:
the borrower is hurt and the lender is helped by deflation.
Whereas the American system of government is characterized by federalism, most nations are governed by __________.
Answer: A unitary system of government
Explanation:
A unitary system of government is sovereign state governed as a single entity. This is what most nations are governed by.
Whereas the American system of government is characterized by federalism, most nations are governed by unitary systems.
In a unitary system, power is concentrated in the central government, with little or no power given to regional or local governments. This allows for a more centralized decision-making process and uniform policies across the entire country. Unitary systems are common in countries where there is a strong sense of national unity and a desire for a uniform national identity.
Examples include France, China, and Japan. In contrast, federal systems, like the one in the United States, divide power between a central government and individual states or provinces, allowing for more regional autonomy and a greater distribution of power.
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Do you believe the Elizabethan Poor Laws still influence some of the government assistance that is provided today in the United States?
Answer:
The Welfare State, as many authors maintain, is nothing other than the continuation of the Liberal State. That is to say, its intervention in the economic and social areas was only due to a momentary need to manage capital in order to favour one sector and avoid stopping the development of the capitalist state and its potential growth.
It is a measure that has certain reminiscences to those implemented in the 1600s with the Law of the Poor, which sought to change the idea of society and help the most needy.
The role of the nations, at that time, was to provide the best quality of life for men and women but without discarding the so-called vagrants, who later would collaborate with the labor force to grow the factories and companies.
All citizens have the same right to satisfy their needs as humans and enjoy the fruits of their labor. That is why governments, put in place programs, services and social plans that try to solve the problems of poverty, as well as provide help to anyone who seeks to collect their pension, have a home of their own and provide education to their children. It is these actions that make the social welfare of a nation real.
It was John. M. Keynes, who after the economic depression experienced in 1929, set in motion the Welfare model, leaving behind the current model of liberalism.
The Keynesian or Welfare State, postulated that one should intervene in the economy and society, with a view to complementing the functioning of the market, guaranteeing a minimum of basic welfare for all of society.
The new implementation helped the urban society to improve its quality of life and the welfare of the citizens.
This new Keynesian model placed four important factors within society, managed by the government: health, education, pensions and social services.
In this sense, the United States is not an exception when through numerous legal principles it seeks to maintain the welfare state among the most disadvantaged population, but always providing development opportunities without falling into the humiliating categorization and classification that characterized, and was highly criticized for that, the law of the poor.
What field of psychology studies topics such as intelligence testing, memory, and other mental processes? This perspective was based on the belief that behaviorism could not adequately explain behavior due to its neglect of the topic of mental processes.
Answer:
Cognitive perspective
Explanation:
The cognitive perspective deals with "conscious," "memory," vision, attention and other functions. It regards people as computers-like in our way of processing data.
Behaviourism is a branch of the psychology which focusses on people's behavior due to external social factors, whereas the cognitive thinking process that changes a person's behavior is based on cognitive psychology.The disparity lies in the motives underneath the actions they believe.
Historians disagree about the effectiveness of the New Deal. What is not an argument historians present?
Answer:
New Deal legislation solved the economic crisis quickly.
Explanation:
Many spending programs provided highly effective stimulus during the Great Recession. Governments may use fiscal policy—additional government spending or tax cuts—to stimulate the economy during a recession period. In a deep recession and liquidity trap, fiscal policy may be more effective than monetary policy because the government can pay for new investment schemes, creating jobs directly – rather than relying on monetary policy to indirectly encourage business to invest.