Burger’s statement shows that the President's secrets are different than that of an average citizen. The court interpreted executive privilege as the president withholding information that the court deserves to have.
Explanation:
Warren E Burger served as the 15th chief justice of the United States of America in the period of 1969-1986. Chief Justice Burger dealt with the origins of executive privilege.
The origins about the executive privilege come from the constitution. Burger says that the court is the commentator of the constitution; it means that the court is responsible to determine the privileges of the president. Burger says that the President's secrets are different from that of the average citizen.
Executive privilege allows presidents to withhold information for effective governance, balancing confidentiality with constitutional accountability and transparency concerns.
Warren Burger's statement reflects the idea that for a president and their advisers to make well-informed decisions, they need the freedom to discuss and consider various options and viewpoints candidly, without fear that these deliberations will be exposed publicly. This concept is often referred to as executive privilege.
Executive privilege is the principle that allows the president and other high-ranking members of the executive branch to withhold information from Congress, the courts, and the public when it is deemed necessary to protect the confidentiality of their decision-making process. It is based on the separation of powers doctrine and the idea that the executive branch must be able to function effectively without undue interference from the other branches of government.
The interpretation of executive privilege by the courts has evolved over time. Key cases have shaped the understanding and limits of this privilege:
1. United States v. Nixon (1974): This landmark case involved President Nixon's attempt to withhold tapes and documents related to the Watergate scandal. The Supreme Court ruled that while executive privilege is constitutionally based, it is not absolute. The need for evidence in a criminal case outweighed the president's generalized interest in confidentiality.
2. Clinton v. Jones (1997): This case involved President Clinton's attempt to claim executive privilege to avoid testifying in a civil lawsuit. The Supreme Court held that the president does not have immunity from civil litigation unrelated to his official duties, thereby limiting the scope of executive privilege.
3. Executive Order 13,526 (2009): This order by President Obama limited the use of executive privilege, requiring a balancing test where the public interest in disclosure is weighed against the need for confidentiality.
Overall, while executive privilege is recognized as essential for effective governance, its scope and application can vary depending on the specific circumstances and the needs of accountability and transparency in a democratic society. Courts have generally balanced the president's need for confidentiality with other constitutional interests, such as the right to a fair trial or the public's right to information.
Describe the concept of the social contract. How did the social contracts
of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau differ? How were they alike?
Answer:
Explanation:
In moral and political philosophy, the social contract is a theory or model that originated during the Age of Enlightenment and usually concerns the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual.
1. Hobbes asserts that without subjection to a common power of their rights and freedoms, men are necessarily at war. Locke and Rousseau, on the contrary, set forth the view that the state exists to preserve and protect the natural rights of its citizens. When governments fail in that task, citizens have the right and sometimes the duty to withdraw their support and even to rebel.
2. Hobbes view was that whatever the state does is just. All of society is a direct creation of the state, and a reflection of the will of the ruler. According to Locke, the only important role of the state is to ensure that justice is seen to be done. While Rousseau view is that the State must in all circumstance ensure freedom and liberty of individuals.
3. Hobbes theory of Social Contract supports absolute sovereign without giving any value to individuals, while Locke and Rousseau supports individual than the state or the government.
4. To Hobbes, the sovereign and the government are identical but Rousseau makes a distinction between the two. He rules out a representative form of government. But, Locke does not make any such distinction.
5. Rousseaus view of sovereignty was a compromise between the
constitutionalism of Locke and absolutism of Hobbes.
The concept of the social contract is a foundational idea in political philosophy that explores the relationship between individuals and their government.
It posits that people voluntarily enter into an agreement or contract with their government, relinquishing some of their natural rights and freedoms in exchange for protection, security, and the benefits of organized society.
This contract is the basis for legitimate political authority.
Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau offered different interpretations of the social contract:
Hobbes:
In his work "Leviathan," Hobbes argued that in a state of nature, life would be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.
People, out of self-preservation, create a social contract, surrendering nearly all rights to a sovereign authority for security.
The government's power should be absolute to maintain order.
Locke:
Locke's theory, articulated in "Two Treatises of Government," emphasized natural rights, including life, liberty, and property.
He believed that individuals form a social contract to protect these rights, and governments exist to secure them.
If a government fails in its duty, people have the right to revolt.
Rousseau:
Rousseau's "The Social Contract" emphasized the idea of the "general will" – the collective will of the people that should guide government.
He saw the social contract as an agreement among equals to create a government that serves the common good, where individual wills are subordinate to the general will.
While these philosophers differed in their views on the role and nature of government, they all agreed that the social contract is the foundation of legitimate political authority, and that individuals willingly enter into it to escape the state of nature's chaos.
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The image of Rosie the Riveter inspired women to:
O
A. protest the Japanese internment camps.
O
B. support strikes during the war years.
O
C. remain in their traditional roles.
O
D. take jobs that men had held before the war
Answer: D. Take jobs that men had held before the war
Explanation: World War 2 was a massive war and many men had to go overseas and fight in it. With these men leaving there was a huge need for people to fill jobs that they had previously held so that everything didn’t completely collapse. Rosie the Riveter encouraged women to take up these jobs to help the war effort.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
how did the scientific revolution influence the enlightenment
The Scientific Revolution wove the womb for various inventions and discoveries by coupling with rationalism thus influencing the enlightenment process.
Explanation:
During the period of Scientific Revolution, people started raising questions on various matters instead of believing the ancient notions of the Church and others. The individual curiosity raised in the human mind provoked a logical thought process which thirsted for rational explanations with proper proof for all scientific queries.People started experimenting and exploring with science after discarding all religious and abstract influences. Only the proven facts remained to be further pondered on by the scientific human mind which also saw many inventions and scientific discoveries like the Earth being not flat. The facts also helped in influencing and propagating enlightenment both individually and collectively.What did most rich southern planters do with their wealth?
A. They bought luxury items that showed others they were
successful.
B. They bought shares of ownership in railroads and canals.
c. They bought shares of ownership in factories.
D. They put it back into their plantations and bought slaves.
Answer:I think it’s D
Explanation: By the start of the war, the South was producing 75 percent of the world's cotton and creating more millionaires per capita in the Mississippi River valley than anywhere in the nation. Slaves represented Southern planters' most significant investment—and the bulk of their wealth.
What did workers in Bismark's Germany do to improve conditions in the workplace?
overthrew Bismarck’s government
elected Werner von Siemens chancellor of Germany
invented new methods for tracking work hours
banded together and formed labor unions
Answer:
answer is d) banded together and formed labor unions
Explanation:
Final answer:
In Bismarck's Germany, workers formed labor unions to fight for better workplace conditions, leading to conflict with management. Bismarck, driven by Realpolitik, introduced social reforms to quell the rise of socialism by establishing welfare state measures.
Explanation:
How Workers Improved Conditions in Bismarck's Germany
To improve conditions in the workplace during Otto von Bismarck's tenure in Germany, workers banded together and formed labor unions. These unions were pivotal in advocating for better wages, working conditions, setting parameters for work hours, and ensuring safety in the work environment. The rise of labor unions was one of the key developments during the era of industrialization, often leading to conflict with management and necessitating government intervention and social policy reforms. In response to the growth of labor unions and social movements, Bismarck introduced social reforms as a way to preempt the spread of socialism and maintain social order. These reforms included the establishment of health insurance, accident insurance, and old-age pensions, which were some of the first welfare state measures in the world.
Bismarck, an arch-conservative Prussian noble, was inclined towards Realpolitik and implemented these social policies not out of an ideological alignment with socialism, but rather as pragmatic means to maintain the status quo and prevent the rise of socialist movements within the newly unified Germany.
Why was it difficult for an African American sharecropper to make a living?
Answer:
The African American involved in sharecropping was about one third of the after slavery population of farmers. The difficulty they experienced was inability to sell sharecrops aside that of the landowners, debt owed which in turn makes them work tirelessly for the landowners, inability to leave the business due to debts etc.
Explanation:
After the Civil War, former slaves sought jobs, and planters sought laborers. The absence of cash or an independent credit system led to the creation of sharecropping.
Sharecropping is a system where the landlord/planter allows a tenant to use the land in exchange for a share of the crop. This encouraged tenants to work to produce the biggest harvest that they could, and ensured they would remain tied to the land and unlikely to leave for other opportunities. In the South, after the Civil War, many black families rented land from white owners and raised cash crops such as cotton, tobacco, and rice. In many cases, the landlords or nearby merchants would lease equipment to the renters, and offer seed, fertilizer, food, and other items on credit until the harvest season. At that time, the tenant and landlord or merchant would settle up, figuring out who owed whom and how much
High interest rates, unpredictable harvests, and unscrupulous landlords and merchants often kept tenant farm families severely indebted, requiring the debt to be carried over until the next year or the next. Laws favoring landowners made it difficult or even illegal for sharecroppers to sell their crops to others besides their landlord, or prevented sharecroppers from moving if they were indebted to their landlord.
Approximately two-thirds of all sharecroppers were white, and one third were black. Though both groups were at the bottom of the social ladder, sharecroppers began to organize for better working rights, and the integrated Southern Tenant Farmers Union began to gain power in the 1930s. The Great Depression, mechanization, and other factors lead sharecropping to fade away in the 1940s.
Some history questions
Answer:
eleanor roosevelt was first lady that took active role in communicating with American people during great depression
Hoover said Gov. should not intervene in economy; roosevelt used Gov. programs to create jobs
Answer:
eleanor roosevelt was first lady that took active role in communicating with American people during great depression
Hoover said Gov. should not intervene in economy; roosevelt used Gov. programs to create jobs
Which of the six essential elements of geography deals with latitude and longitude and location
Answer:
Explanation:
Terms in this set (6) the world in spacial terms. deals with absolute (latitude/longitude; address) and relative location (SMA is near Pizza Hut) places and regions. physical systems. human systems. environment and society. the uses of geography.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
The World in Spatial Terms
What does the world look like through the glasses of the Classical Greek & Roman worldview? How did they answer the Big Questions?
Why did the Greeks have such a powerful effect on the world and what effect do they have on our lives today?
Who was Socrates?
Research: What does “Hellenization” mean?
The world looked through the glasses of the Classical Greek and Roman worldview. The Greeks have such powerful effect on the world.
Explanation:
Being the most curious and intellectual country, Greeks were one among the people who focused on logic and reasoning. They believed logic and reasoning was the only answer to all the big questions in the world.
Greeks were the community who worked on science and mathematics, becoming great scholars and philosophers building a better life for their country later taken up by the world, as the world believed Greeks were with great knowledge and philosophy.
The world looked through the glasses of the Classical Greek and Roman worldview. The Greeks have such powerful effect on the world. They had a powerful effect on people as well as the effect on lives today because they gave high importance to art, literature and theatre. Greek culture was the foundation to Western culture as well as to Byzantine Empire.
Their values and philosophy as well as the knowledge in mathematics and science was a huge theory to other people in the world and was learnt to make their country better and powerful like Greek and Roman.
Among many philosophers, Socrates was one of the greatest controversial philosopher to Athens. He focused on bringing up the ancient modern philosophy. He preached philosophy to his students and was executed for it.
Hellenization was the spread of culture, knowledge, language, literature, art,etc., and the pass over of Greek knowledge to other countries defined "Hellenization".
What happened at the Constitutional Convention?
O
A. The Declaration of Independence was signed.
O
B. The Articles of Confederation were changed.
O
O
C. The U.S. Constitution was written
D. The Preamble to the Constitution was removed.
Answer:
The purpose of the meeting was to change the Articles of Confederation.
Explain how prisons were treated inhumanely during this period
Answer:
Prisons were rarely used in the 16th and 17th centuries as they were not seen to provide retribution or deterrence. They were used to hold people before trial and before their capital or corporal punishment was carried out. ... 18th century prisons were poor and many people began to suggest that prisons should be reformed.
Explanation:
They were used to detain individuals pending trials, execution, or other punitive measures treated inhumanely during this period. Thus option A is correct.
What are prisons?A prison sometimes referred to as a jail, gaol, penal, detention center, adjustment center, disciplinary institution, deadbolt, loony bin, or remand clinic, is a place where people are imprisoned beyond their choice and typically denied a range of liberty as retribution for various offences.
Because they were not thought to offer retribution or discouragement, prisons were not frequently employed throughout the 16th and 17th centuries. Prisons were in bad condition in the 18th century, and many individuals started to advocate for reforms.
At this period, prisons were frequently located in historic structures like castles. They frequently had a damp, unpleasant, unclean, and congested atmosphere. Therefore, option A is the correct option.
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The question is incomplete, the complete question will be :
Explain how prisons were treated inhumanely during 16th and 17th centuries.
Why is patriotism a defining factor of America’s national identity?
It shows that people love the United States.
It explains the importance of the Great Seal.
It provides for the same treatment of everyone.
It describes the feeling people get on entering the country.
A. It shows that people love the United States.
Explanation:
Patriotism is the devotion and love for one's country. Most Americans will have an attachment to the United States, and they love their country and will fight for it. Patriotism is a defining factor of America's national identity for that reason. The Great Seal is a seal used on documents for authentication and have nothing to do with patriotism or America's national identity. If the question stated freedom instead of patriotism, I would have chose option C, but patriotism is not providing the same treatment for everyone, it's the attachment one has to their home country. Patriotism isn't just the feeling you get when entering the country, its deeper than that, and you have to form a bond with the country, not just enter it.
Is perfection ever worth achieving
Answer: no
Explanation: Perfection is one of those words we use too lightly. Almost nothing is perfect. We look at something we like (perhaps a great work of art) and call it perfection. A pitcher throws a perfect game if no one gets on base, but is that truly perfection? Is there such a thing as the perfect wine to go with a meal? A perfect pair of shoes to go with an outfit? To me, the answer is no to all of these. There is no perfect here. Nothing we touch will ever be perfect.
Which of the following situations would create a buyer's market?
TO
O
A. A rapid increase in the population of a city or town.
O
B. A lot of construction workers moving away from the area.
O
c. The price of building materials going up faster than the inflation
rate.
.
O
D. A factory laying off a lot of workers in the area.
A buyer's market is created when there are more homes for sale than buyers. A scenario where a factory lays off many workers, potentially increasing the supply of homes and decreasing demand, could create a buyer's market.
Explanation:A buyer's market in real estate occurs when there are more homes for sale than buyers, giving buyers more leverage in negotiations. Option D, where a factory lays off many workers in the area, would likely create a buyer's market. This is because layoffs decrease people's purchasing power and increase the number of homes for sale (as people may move to find work elsewhere), decreasing demand and increasing supply. This results in a market favorable to buyers due to decreased competition for homes and potentially lowered prices. In contrast, options A, B, and C would likely contribute to a seller's market, where sellers have the advantage due to increased demand or decreased supply.
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Correct answer is option D: A factory laying off a lot of workers in the area. Job losses lead to reduced housing demand, creating an excess supply and favoring buyers.
A buyer's market is a situation where there is an excess supply of goods or services compared to the demand, giving buyers more negotiating power and options. In this case, option D, "A factory laying off a lot of workers in the area," would create a buyer's market in the real estate sector.
When a significant number of workers lose their jobs, it can lead to a decrease in demand for housing in the area, as people may need to relocate or downsize due to financial constraints.
This excess supply of available homes or rental properties, combined with reduced demand, gives potential buyers more choices and leverage to negotiate better prices or terms. Sellers may be more willing to accept lower offers or provide incentives to attract buyers in such a market.
Complete question:
Which of the following situations would create a buyer's market?
A. A rapid increase in the population of a city or town.
B. A lot of construction workers moving away from the area.
c. The price of building materials going up faster than the inflation
rate.
D. A factory laying off a lot of workers in the area.
3. What established the process for which states could be admitted in to the Union?
Do anyone know this question? The United States has a federal system of government. What does that mean?
The national government and states share power.
The national government is controlled by a small group of people.
The national government has most of the power.
Local governments have most of the power.
Answer:
The answer is The national government and states share power.
Explanation:
In a Federal system of governance, power is decentralised and is distributed to the state governments from the central government. Central.government holds thee majority of the powers yet the state governments possess significant powers and rights as well.
Challenges on the Articles of Conleuerallor
Which of the following is one example of the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
Answer:
I don't see any answer choices but...
-Congress did not have the power to tax
-There was no judicial branch
-There was no separation of powers
-Congress did not have the power to raise it's own troops
The correct answer is that the Articles of Confederation did not provide the federal government with the power to tax.
The Articles of Confederation, which served as the first constitution of the United States from 1781 to 1789, had several significant weaknesses that limited the effectiveness of the federal government. One of the most critical weaknesses was the lack of a taxation power for the central government. Without the ability to levy taxes, the federal government struggled to raise revenue to pay for national expenses, such as the military and the national debt that had accumulated during the Revolutionary War.
Under the Articles, the federal government had to request funds from the states, but the states often did not comply with these requests, leading to financial instability and an inability to enforce federal laws or maintain a strong national defense. This fiscal impotence of the Confederation Congress was a major factor leading to the Constitutional Convention of 1787, where the current Constitution was drafted to replace the Articles of Confederation. The new Constitution granted the federal government the power to levy taxes, which significantly strengthened the central government and helped ensure its financial independence and stability.
what are government changes in the roman republic as a result of roman expansion
Answer:
The only major change the Roman Republic went through during their expansion was the conversion to an Empire from the Republic.
In the Republic, it was the Senate that ruled the Rome and the power was somewhat decentralised and decision making was a collective effort.
However, the empire was a monarchy system where the emperor held the entire power of politics, economy snd the military.
Explanation:
Describe the 4 characteristics of a state
Answer:
the four essential characteristics of a state is population,territory,sovereignty, and government
The four characteristics of a state are sovereignty, population, territory, and government.
Explanation:Four Characteristics of a State:Sovereignty: A state has the authority to govern itself and make decisions without interference from external forces.Population: A state has a group of people who live within its borders and are subject to its laws.Territory: A state has defined borders that establish its land and water boundaries.Government: A state has a system of institutions and processes that control and manage public affairs.These characteristics are essential for a political entity to be considered a state.
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What was the Aliied strategy for World War || ?
A.)Allies focus on defeating the Axis in Europe before focusing on the pacific
B.)Allies focus on defeating the Axus in the pacific before focusing on Europe
C.)Soviet Union would focus on Germent while the U.S. focused on Japan
D.)The U.S. would focus on the pacific while the other Allies focused on Europe
Answer:
D.)The U.S. would focus on the Pacific while the other Allies focused on Europe.
Explanation:
This doesn´t mean the United States was not seriously involved in the war in Europe. Combined US and Allied forces invaded Italy in 1943 to knock that country out of the war and put pressure on Germany from the south, and there was an American buildup in Britain for the big invasion that finally occurred on D-Day in June 1944. Nevertheless, the Pacific War was mainly a US effort against the Japanese, where no major European allied power was significantly engaged until 1945.
Use the drop-down menus to complete the statements
At the turn of the twentieth century, China faced several big challenges. European countries, such as Great Britain,
were eager to
in China. Meanwhile, the power of the imperial dynasty had grown too
V to deal with this outside threat. Revolutionary groups inside China wanted more economic and political
freedom for Chinese people. In 1911, these groups
V to overthrow the emperor and establish a
republic
At the turn of the twentieth century, China faced several big challenges. European countries, such as Great Britain, were eager to extend their power in China. Meanwhile, the power of the imperial dynasty had grown too weak to deal with this outside threat. Revolutionary groups inside China wanted more economic and political freedom for Chinese people. In 1911, these groups
united to overthrow the emperor and establish a republic.
Explanation:
During the twentieth century, there were a lot of problems that China was going through. The imperial dynasty that had been ruling over China since a long time now was growing too weak. It had lost all the power to deal with the external threat.
The groups inside China wanted more freedom and liberty from the imperial dynasty and wanted to grow free. There were protests going on inside the country itself to overthrow the imperial dynasty.
The twentieth century has been the turning point for the imperial dynasty in China.
With the weakening of power of Imperial rulers, and more revolt by the people for freedom and liberty, China had through the rough phase.
Twentieth Century in ChinaThe Chinese dynasty has come to an end by several challenges. The Great Britain has been extending power to China.
The Imperial dynasty has become too weak to encounter and deal with the threat from Britain.
The revolution among the Chinese people for freedom, resulted in the coming together of these groups. They united and overthrow the emperor in order to establish the republic.
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Why was the Emancipation
Proclamation important to the Civil War and what impact did it have?
Answer:
The Emancipation Proclamation of January 1, 1863, gave another strategic sense to the Civil War. By issuing the document, Abraham Lincoln converted the conflict from being a clash over states´and federal powers, to one about the end of slavery.
Explanation:
Answer:
Written law to free the slaves
Explanation:
The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by Abraham Lincoln, the President of the United States, at the time of American Civil War. The primary objective of the Proclamation was to mark the end of slavery. It provided a well-defined legal framework for the liberation of approximately 4 million slaves in the Confederate States
Hi there, Quick quick can you tell me about the proclamation line of 1763. TEll me who was involved, what happened, when did it occur, where did it occur, why did it happen and how did it end. And at the same time the same thing with the Quartering act. Thank You, please do it quick.
In 1763, King George III issued a royal proclamation restricting the spread of American colonies to the west. The main goal of the proclamation was to force the colonists to buy land from the natives, in order to reduce the costly wars that waged around the territory. This proclamation, as well as the Tax Stamps Act that introduced direct taxes to colonies two years later, were extremely unpopular with the colonists and eventually caused more conflict between the colonists and the British government leading to war.
Explanation:
The declaration defines the jurisdiction of the conquered territory. The province of Quebec is carved from the Canadian colony of New France. The northeast area off the coast of Labrador is included in the newly discovered colony.The proclamation led to the creation of a boundary line, often called the Proclamation Line, west of Appalachian Mountain. The border was to be temporary and could be extended westwards neatly. People were allowed to cross the line but not bypass it. Private purchase of Native American land has also been banned. Therefore, all future land purchases were made by Crown officials at a public meeting. Colonial officials needed to seek royal approval before granting land or land.Learn more on Proclamation of 1763 on
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The Proclamation of 1763 established the Proclamation Line to prevent settlement west of the Appalachians, aiming to preserve peace with Native Americans and manage colonial expansion, but it aggravated colonists, contributing to rising tensions before the Revolutionary War.
The Proclamation of 1763 was issued by the British government as an attempt to prevent further conflicts with Native Americans and to manage the colonists' expansion. King George III decreed the Proclamation Line, which forbade White settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains, to ensure peace and protect the frontier. However, this act was met with resentment from the colonists who had expected to settle these lands after the French and Indian War. Not only did the Proclamation restrict future settlement, but it also required those already settled west of the line to relocate.
This measure was part of a broader strategy to maintain control over the colonies and reduce the financial burdens of colonial administration. Along with other regulations such as the Sugar Act and the Townshend duties, the Proclamation Line fueled colonial discontent which contributed to the growing tensions leading up to the American Revolutionary War.
In what year did Moses Austin receive a land grant from the Spanish government?
A. 1800
B. 1812
C. 1820
D. 1836
Answer:
The answer is C. 1820
Explanation:
Answer:
Hello! The correct answer is 1820.
Explanation:
I am just confirming!
What is a place called where the perfect life can exaist?
Final answer:
A 'utopia' is a place or society where a perfect life is possible and was first conceptualized in literature by Sir Thomas More. Philosophers like Plato and Aristotle have considered the notion of the good life, with Plato focusing on ideal forms and Aristotle on virtuous actions and community life.
Explanation:
The concept of a place where the perfect life can exist is often referred to as utopia, which is an ideal community or society possessing a perfect socio-politico-legal system.
The term was coined by Sir Thomas More as the title of his 1516 book 'Utopia', where it was depicted as a complex, self-contained world set on an island in which communities shared a common culture and way of life.
Philosophers, both ancient and modern, contemplate the nature of the good life and how it might be achieved. Plato's idea of a world of perfect forms tells us that true beauty and goodness are not found in the material world but in these eternal forms.
Aristotle, on the other hand, believed that living the good life is within the reach of humans and is achieved by performing one's function well, cultivating excellence or virtue, and experiencing the fullness of life in a community.
His statement, "Men come together in cities in order to live, but they remain together in order to live the good life" underscores the importance of social bonds and community in achieving wellbeing.
However, the search for a perfect life is not only an ancient concern but continues to be relevant in contemporary society. Creating the good life involves examining and stepping out of our cultural biases, actively engaging in a process of self-realization, and embracing the diversity and wealth of human conditions and possibilities.
How was the settlement of Virginia different from the settlement of Massachuset
Answer:
they were in different places
Explanation:
Answer:
Mass. was created as a haven for Quakers from England.
Explanation:
Unlike Virginia Massachusetts was made for religious freedom for Quakers
how did ideas of national self-determination influence the treaty of versailles
Answer:
LOOK AT YOUR MESSED UP TEETH LOOKING LIKE SMEAGLE
Explanation:
What was the policy regarding japanese americans in the military during ww2?
Answer:
Internment of Japanese Americans. The internment of Japanese Americans in the United States during World War II was the forced relocation and incarceration in concentration camps in the western interior of the country of between 110,000 and 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry, most of whom lived on the Pacific Coast.
Explanation:
explain the administrative system of Maratha Kingdom under Shivaji rule
Answer:
Explanation:
1. He employed members of all castes and tribes to maintain balance among them.
2. He assigned separate responsibilities to the ministers and each of them was made responsible for his work to him.
3. He made no office hereditary.
4. In general he did not assign jaguars to his civil and military officers.
5. He gave special attention towards the administration of the forts.
6. In matters of administration, he gave superior position to his civil officers as compared to military officers.
7. He established Rightward system in revenue administration. The state kept direct contact with the farmers.
Shivaji took special care to make his administrative system responsive to the needs of the people. In the words of Dr. Warmish Prada, “The institutions which he established were an improvement upon the existing order and were well adapted to the well-being of his subjects.”
Central Administration:
He had a council of ministers (Ashe Adhara) to advise him on the matters of the state but he was not bound by it. He could appoint or dismiss them. This appointment was subject to their efficiency. The Peshwa was the first among ministers. The word Peshwa stands for leader or senior one.
Shivaji’s Asht Pradhan (Council of Eight Ministers):
The chief of the village was called Deshpande or Patel. The head used to run the affairs of the village with the help of the Village Panchayat.
Like the centre, there was a committee or council of eight ministers with Sar-i- ‘Karkun’ or the ‘prantpati’ (Head of the province)
Fiscal system or Revenue system:
Important features were:
(1) Land in every village was measured and the produce was roughly assessed.
(2) On the basis of assessment, the cultivators were asked to pay 40 per cent of their produce as land revenue.
(3) The Ryotwari system was introduced in which the revenue was directly collected from the farmers.
(4) Wherever possible, Shivaji abolished the jagirdari system.
(5) The farmers had the option to pay land revenue in cash or kind.
(6) The peasants could pay the revenue in installments.
(7) The accounts of the revenue officers began to be thoroughly checked.
(8) In the event of famine of natural calamity, the state offered loans to the peasants.
(9) Shivaji introduced the collection of two taxes called the Chauth and ‘Sardeshmukhi’.
Judicial administration:
Judicial administrative system was rather simple, crude and primitive. The highest court was ‘Hazar Majils’ or the court of the king. The day-to-day administration was carried on by the village Panchayats and the village ‘Patel’ decided criminal cases.
Shivaji’s army administration:
Shivaji’s army organisation was very efficient. His army was very patriotic, well trained, efficient and extremely mobile.
Shivaji introduced the following reforms in the army:
1. Regular army:
He maintained a regular army. In the traditional military organisation, the soldiers served army for six months and thereafter, they worked in their fields. Now the soldiers were to serve around the year.
2. Cash payment:
He paid the soldiers in cash.
3. Patriotism:
He inspired the soldiers with patriotism.
4. Merit:
He recruited the soldiers on merit.
5. Branding of horses:
He introduced the system of branding the horses and keeping the identification of the soldiers.
6. Discipline:
He enforced strict discipline.
7. Guerilla warfare:
The administrative system of the Maratha Kingdom under Shivaji's rule was well-organized and incorporated the use of the local language and Sanskrit. It had governors, financial administrators, and a strong army.
Explanation:Under the rule of Shivaji, the Maratha Kingdom had a well-organized administrative system. One of the key features of his administration was the use of the local language of Marathi instead of Persian, which was the language of the Mughals. Sanskrit, the sacred language of Hinduism, was also used in official communication and for political terminology. Shivaji's administrative system also included the appointment of governors in provinces, financial administrators, and a well-run army. Promotion within the bureaucracy was based on effort and loyalty.
Which of the following is not a way in which archaeologists have learned about the first Americans?
A. the uncovering of artifacts
B. DNA analysis
C. analysis of ancient structures
D. translating and reading written accounts
Answer:
The other person is incorrect.
Correct answer is D. translating and reading written accounts
Explanation:
I have taken the quiz and have image proof.
The techniques used by the archaeologists to learn about the first Americans was done through translating and reading written accounts. Thus option (D) is correct.
Who is archaeologist?Archaeologist refers to the person whose study is associated with the findings of the historical events happened in the past and to study about the objects, sculptures, inscriptions and manuscript. The person who studies about the past events is referred as Archaeologist.
Many testings are done in at the site of the excavation through various techniques and soil mapping to find the time period of certain object or the event.
The archaeologists' methods for learning about the earliest Americans included translating and interpreting written reports.
Therefore, it can be concluded that The archaeologist excavates artifacts, and those found reading records of the First Americans. Thus, option (D) is correct.
Learn more about Archaeology here:
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