Evidence for the existence of neutrons did not come until many years after the discoveries of the electron and the proton. Give a possible explanation.

As there was no electric charge on neutrons, and they did not get affected by electromagnetic fields.

Explanation:

The functions of the neutron in atoms is:

To hold the nuclei with coulombic repulsion between the protons.

The neutron has no charge on it and hence were not discovered.

Its mass is slightly less than the proton.

It provides stability to the atom.

Lord Chadwick is credited to prove the existence and discovery of neutron.

He proved that the nucleus of the atom has its mass in the centre as neutron+ proton.

He bombarded beryllium with alpha particles, and found high energy radiation.

The neutron was discovered later than the electron and proton due to the difficulty in detecting uncharged particles. It filled a crucial gap in explaining the atomic nucleus's mass and the existence of isotopes, which differ in neutron count but are chemically identical.

The discovery of the neutron was a pivotal moment in the history of subatomic physics. Before the neutron's existence was proven, it was known that the nucleus contained most of an atom's mass, but the mass from protons alone was insufficient to account for it entirely. The detection of neutrons, which are uncharged particles, proved to be much more difficult than that of charged particles like electrons and protons. It was only in 1932 that James Chadwick provided evidence of the neutron, which not only filled the mass discrepancy in the atomic nucleus but also explained the existence of isotopes, which are chemically identical but differ in their number of neutrons.

Proposals to explain this discrepancy included particles hidden within the nucleus. An early hypothesis suggested that neutrons might be a composite of a proton and an electron, which would explain its neutral charge. However, deeper investigation into properties such as the neutron's magnetic moment and mass raised questions that ultimately required a new fundamental particle's acknowledgment.

How much HCl is produced from the reaction of an excess of HSbCl4 with 3 moles H2S in the following reaction? HSbCl4 + H2S → Sb2S3 + HCl (Remember to balance the equation.)