DNA has unique properties that allow it to accurately retain genetic information, even after multiple rounds of replication. One aspect of DNA that allows it to accurately store genetic information is the base pairing from Chargaff\'s first rule of the four nucleotide bases. If the C content of a DNA molecule is 22%, what are the percentages of the remaining bases?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

G= 22%

A=28%

T= 28%

Explanation:

Given that percentage of cytosine content (C) = 22%

Since C pairs with G, percentage of guanine content (G) would also be = 22%

Hence, G+C = 22+22 = 44%

This means that A+T = 100-44= 56%

Since adenine pairs with thymine so, percentage of A= percentage of T

Hence percentage of Adenine (A)= 56/2 = 28%

And percentage of Thymine (T) = 28%


Related Questions

In the cardiac cycle,
A. the right atrium and the right ventricle contract simultaneously.
B. the two atria relax while the two ventricles contract.
C. the left atrium contracts before the right atrium.
D. all four chambers of the heart contract at the same time.
E. all four chambers of the heart are in systole at the same time.

Answers

That would be B.

During ventricular systole both atria relax while the 2 ventricles contract and send blood into the arteries.

The rest of choices are wrong,
The atria contract at the same time.
All 4 chambers never contract or are in systole at the same time.

Final answer:

The correct answer is B, where the two atria relax while the two ventricles contract. This represents the ventricular systole phase of the cardiac cycle, in which the ventricles contract to pump blood while the atria are relaxed, filling with blood.

Explanation:

The cardiac cycle consists of a period of relaxation known as diastole followed by a period of contraction called systole. During diastole, the heart muscle is relaxed and blood flows into the heart. At this time, the right and left atria are relaxed and the right and left ventricles are also relaxed, allowing blood to flow from the atria to the ventricles through open atrioventricular valves. At the end of diastole, the atria contract (atrial systole), enhancing the filling of the ventricles. Following this, the ventricles contract (ventricular systole), which forces blood out of the heart to the lungs and the rest of the body. This sequence is carefully regulated to ensure efficient blood pumping.

Given the choices in the question and the facts presented, the correct answer is B. The two atria relax while the two ventricles contract. This phase corresponds to ventricular systole, where the right and left ventricles contract to pump blood into the pulmonary artery and aorta, respectively, while the atria are in their diastole (relaxing) phase to receive blood from the body and the lungs.

What region is the main control center for autonomic functions
a. Thalamus
b. Hypothalamus
c. Epithalamus
d. Pons
e. Medulla oblongata

Answers

Answer:

b,

Explanation:

the hypothalamus, just above the brain stem

What type of tissue shortens to perform its function?

Answers

Answer:

The muscle tissue shortens to performs it's function which we know as muscle contraction

These cells do not function as antigen presenting cells (APCs)?
a. Macrophages and Langerhans cells
b. B cells and Langerhans cells
c. B cells and macrophages
d. Helper T cells and CD8 T cells
e. B cells and dendritic cells

Answers

Answer:

Birds feathers are modified scales. true or false

Explanation:

One of the most common spontaneous lesions that occurs in DNA under physiological conditions is the hydrolysis of the amino group of cytosine, converting the cytosine to uracil. What would be the effect on DNA structure of a uracil group replacing cytosine?

Answers

A base substitution of G:C to A:T after two rounds of replication.

Which is not a normal component of lymph?
A) water
B) plasma proteins
C) red blood cells
D) ions

Answers

Answer:

Red blood cells

Explanation:

Lymph is a colorless fluid that flows in the lymphatic system of an organism. Lymph transport proteins and interstitial fluid back into the circulation.

Lymph consists of proteins, ions, water and lymphocytes. Lymph donot contain red blood cells and hence the fluid is white in appearance. Lymph mixes with blood in subclavian veins.

Thus, the correct answer is option (C).

Final answer:

Red blood cells are not a component of lymph. Lymph is a fluid that consists of primarily white blood cells, water, plasma proteins, and ions.

Explanation:

The component that is not a normal part of lymph is red blood cells (option C). Lymph is a clear, colorless fluid that is part of the body's immune system. It primarily consists of white blood cells (specifically lymphocytes), as well as water, plasma proteins, and ions. However, it does not contain red blood cells, which are confined to the bloodstream and not the lymphatic system.

Learn more about Lymph here:

https://brainly.com/question/31717879

#SPJ3

If there are 4 molecules of glucose, how many ATP molecules would you produce in aerobic cell respiration?
A) 152
B) 8-10
C) 400
D) 25

Answers

Answer:

Option A, 152

Explanation:

One glucose molecule undergoes the following three process in one complete chain of aerobic cell respiration -

a) Glycolysis - 2 ATP molecules are produced

b) Kerb cycle - 2 ATP molecules are produced

c) Electron transport chain - 34 ATP molecules are produced

Hence one glucose molecule can produce 38 ATP molecule

Therefore 4 glucose molecule produce

[tex]38 * 4\\= 152[/tex] ATP molecules

Hence, option A is correct.

Answer:

A) 152

Explanation:

Aerobic respiration involves the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water and energy in the form of ATP.

Theoretically, 38 molecules of ATP is yielded from one molecule of glucose during aerobic cellular respiration.

Hence, if 1 molecule of glucose produces 38 molecules of ATP;

4 molecules of glucose will produce: 4 x 38 = 152 molecules ATP

The correct option is A.

Which ion has the intracellular concentration?

A. Bicarbonate
B. Chloride
C. Potassium
D. Sodium

Answers

Answer: The answer is potassium. Its the major ion  in the intracellular region.

Explanation: Extracellulary, Sodium is major ion. Intracellular concentration of sodium is: 12 mEq/L Extracellular concentration of sodium is: 140 mEq/L Intracellularly, Potassium is major ion.

The correct answer is: D. sodium

Which of the following is the functional unit of a myofibril?
a. sarcomere
b. myofilament
c. sarcolemma
d. endomysium

Answers

Answer:

Sarcomere

Explanation:

Myofibril is the unit of the muscle cell. The myofibril is rod like in structure and developed by the process of myogenesis in embryo.

Sarcomere is the basic structural unit of the skeletal muscles and shows striations under the microscope. Sarcomere consists of thick and thin filaments of actin and myosin. Different bands like A- band , H-Band, I-Band and Z- line is visible in the sarcomere.

Thus, the correct answer is option (A).

Where is the information stored in the DNA?

Answers

Answer:

he genetic information is stored in the chemical structure of the DNA.

Explanation:

The genetic information is stored in the chemical structure of the DNA.

Which of the following is true of valves in veins?
A) They are associated with venous sinuses
B) They are most abundant in limbs
C) They contract to propel blood forward
D) They prevent blood pressure in veins from dipping below that of arteries

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

they are associated with venous sinuses.this valve open one way flow of direction of the heart.

Which statement about the knee is INCORRECT?

a.) The deep cups created by the tibial condyles help to stabilize the joint.
b.) Several bursae secrete synovial fluid to lubricate the knee.
c.) The knee is vulnerable to lateral forces that can cause injury.
d.) Several ligaments cross the knee to stabilize the knee in several directions.

Answers

Answer:

a.) The deep cups created by the tibial condyles help to stabilize the joint.

Explanation:

Final answer:

The incorrect statement about the knee is 'The deep cups created by the tibial condyles help to stabilize the joint.' The knee is primarily stabilized by ligaments and muscles, not by the tibial condyles.

Explanation:

The incorrect statement about the knee is the first option (a). The tibial condyles do form part of the knee joint, but they do not create deep cups to stabilize the joint. Instead, the knee joint is stabilized by other structures such as ligaments and muscles. The tibial condyles articulate with the femoral condyles to form the knee joint.

In contrast, options (b), (c), and (d) are all correct. Bursae in the knee do secrete synovial fluid to lubricate the joint and reduce friction. The knee is indeed vulnerable to lateral forces that can cause injury. And several ligaments do cross the knee to stabilize the joint in several directions.

Learn more about Knee anatomy here:

https://brainly.com/question/36429945

#SPJ2

Which diagnostic test is the most preferred to detect liver cancer?

Answers

Answer:

A CT scan with contrast is what dr.s order first

Explanation:

This method is more cost effective for patients. the contrast that is injested makes the organs more detailed and visible, if there are any suspicions, the dr will order further testing.

Which of the following are materials or equipment used in this lab to extract DNA?
Mark ALL responses that apply.
a. centrifuge and sample tubes
b. centrifuges and micro pipettes
c. centrifuge, micro pipettes, warm water bath
d. liquid chemical solutions and cheek swab
e. inoculating loop and flame

Answers

Answer:

centrifuges and micro pipettes are used to extract DNA..

Centrifuges and micro pipettes are materials or equipment used in this lab to extract DNA .

What steps does DNA extraction involve?

There are five basic steps of DNA extraction:

Breaking cells open to release the DNA. Separating DNA from proteins and other cellular debris.Precipitating the DNA with an alcohol. Cleaning the DNA.Confirming the presence and quality of the DNA.

Hence , B is correct option

To learn more about DNA extraction, here

https://brainly.com/question/316480?referrer=searchResults

#SPJ3

Which cranial nerve is responsible for shoulder shrugging?

Answers

Answer: I believe it is the accessory nerve

Some problems with use of DNA analysis for forensic evidence may occur because of

identical twins.

not enough of a sample.

contaminated samples.

degraded samples.

All of the above.

Answers

Answer: Option D " all of the above "

Explanation: DNA can be a great source of information when used as a forensic evidence. This technique has many advantages and disadvantages when used as a source of information in case of crime.

Identical twins: There are some common fragments of DNA that is same in identical twins so it can be a difficulty in deciding the criminal.

Not enough of a sample: DNA should be present in a detectable amount to be used an sample for evidence, less than this detectable amount is a waste and cannot be used as a sample for evidence.

Contaminated and degraded sample: If the sample of DNA is contaminated or degraded then the result might be incorrect and might not be used as a sample for forensic evidence.

Hence, the correct answers are all of the above.

Name five essential components of a reflex arc.

Answers

Answer:

Receptor, Sensory Neuron, Integration center, Motor neuron, Effector.

Therefore these are the 5 essential components of a reflex arc.

* Hopefully this helpe:) mark me the brainliest :))

Final answer:

The five essential components of a reflex arc are the sensory receptor, sensory neuron, integrating center, motor neuron, and effector.

Explanation:

A reflex arc is a circuit that involves a sensory input and motor output, connected by an afferent branch and an efferent branch, with an integrating center in between. The essential components of a reflex arc are:

Sensory receptor: This detects a stimulus, such as pain or pressure. Sensory neuron: This carries the information from the receptor to the integrating center.Integrating center: This is usually in the spinal cord or brain and processes the sensory information.Motor neuron: This carries the response signal from the integrating center to the effector.Effector: This is the muscle or glandular tissue that carries out the motor response.        Learn more about reflex arc here:

https://brainly.com/question/14473426

#SPJ3

Why are the cartilage rings in the trachea important? What do you think would happen if they were not there?

Answers

Answer:

The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a most important organ as it allows the passage of air into the lungs. Because the trachea has a soft tissue tubular formation, it needs a base of stronger, yet flexible stuff that will give it support, protect it, and still allow the passage of air into the lungs.

This is precisely the task of the tracheal rings, or cartilage rings in the trachea. These rings are made out of cartilaginous tissue, which is much stronger than the soft tissue of the tubule, but are still flexible enough to not close down the tube when air is flowing in. Thus, the tracheal rings have two tasks: one, provide support and protection for the much softer and more vunerable tube of soft tissue through which the air passes, and two, provide flexibility so that air can flow easily.

If these tracheal rings did not exist, if they are crushed, or removed, a person´s trachea would simply collapse and the person would die as air would not be able to flow through to the lungs.

Final answer:

The cartilage rings in the trachea are crucial as they prevent the airway from collapsing and ensure smooth flow of air into the lungs. Without them, the trachea could collapse causing serious breathing issues.

Explanation:

The cartilage rings in the trachea are incredibly important for our respiratory system. Their primary function is to keep the airway open by preventing the trachea from collapsing, while still allowing it to flex and move as we breathe and swallow. Essentially, these rings provide rigidity but also flexibility, which allows air to flow smoothly into our lungs.

If those rings were not there, the trachea may collapse when the surrounding muscles contract during breathing. This could potentially lead to serious health issues including difficulty breathing or complete obstruction of the airway. This is why the structural integrity of the trachea provided by the cartilage rings is essential for normal respiratory function.

Learn more about cartilage rings in trachea here:

https://brainly.com/question/31686632

#SPJ6


1. Choose the planet other than Earth that interests you most.
2. Create a newspaper article, real estate advertisement or letter that describes the characteristics of your planet

Answers

Answer:

jupiter

Explanation:

Which organs are primarily responsible for removing old or worn red blood cells from circulation?

Answers

Answer:

Liver and spleen is primarily responsible for removing old or worn red blood cells from circulation.

Explanation:

Red blood cells that are old, tear and worn out requires the removal of these cells from the circulation. Spleen removes the old and worn cells by  the process of phagocytosis. Macrophages present in the spleen phagocytose the worn RBCs and old RBCs are recycled by the spleen.

Liver also removes the old and worn RBCs from the circulation and recycles iron present in the red blood cells. Liver rely on the buffer system that consume worn RBCs and  has the ability of recycling iron.

Final answer:

The spleen and liver are primarily responsible for removing old or worn red blood cells, helped by macrophages in those organs and the bone marrow. These organs ensure the continual renewal of healthy RBCs in circulation.

Explanation:

The organs that are primarily responsible for removing old or worn red blood cells (RBCs) from circulation are the spleen, liver, and to some extent, the bone marrow. RBCs have a lifespan of approximately 120 days, after which they become old or damaged. These worn-out cells are then phagocytized by a type of myeloid phagocytic cell called a macrophage. Macrophages located within the spleen, liver, and bone marrow perform this task efficiently. The spleen acts as a blood filter and also serves as a reservoir for immune factors, whereas the liver processes the components of the degraded erythrocytes' hemoglobin, turning them into bile pigments for excretion.

The kidneys also play a vital role in the circulatory system by filtering the blood, removing waste products and excessive or free hemoglobin, especially during hemolysis, where RBCs are broken down and their hemoglobin is released into the bloodstream, but the primary role in the removal of old RBCs lies with the spleen and liver.

41) When blood pressure receptors sense a loss of blood pressure, they ________ their firing rate.A) increaseB) decrease

Answers

A I believe because the blood pressure always increases when you are stressed or something like that

Muscle that adducts the thigh
a. Adductor longus
b. Gastrocnemius

Answers

it’s a. adductor longis

Final answer:

The Adductor longus is the muscle that adducts the thigh, moving it toward the body's midline. It also medially rotates and flexes the thigh.

Explanation:

The muscle that adducts the thigh is responsible for moving the thigh towards the midline of the body. Among the options provided, a. Adductor longus is the muscle that performs this function. The adductor longus muscle not only adducts the thigh but also medially rotates and flexes it. It is important to differentiate it from the gastrocnemius, which is primarily involved in plantar flexing the ankle and does not adduct the thigh. The adductor magnus is another muscle in the medial compartment that has an anterior fascicle which adducts, medially rotates, and flexes the thigh, and a posterior fascicle that helps in extending the thigh.

What is the term for the muscles of the mouth?

Answers

Answer: Im pretty sure it's the orbicularis oris muscle.

What is found inside synaptic vesicles?
a. calcium
b. acetylcholine
c. receptor proteins
d. acetylcholinesterase

Answers

Hello There!

Inside synaptic vesicles, you can find Acetylcholine which is an acetic acid.

The immediate energy system (ATP-PC) relies on:
a. the reactions of glycolysis
b. oxygen availability in the immediate cellular environment
c. the high-energy phosphates stored in muscle cells
d. the oxidation of lactate

Answers

Answer:

c. the high-energy phosphates stored in muscle cells

Explanation:

Phosphocreatine (PC) or creatine phosphate is a compound rich in energy. It has energy stored in it which can be used to phosphorylate ADP into ATP. The phosphocreatine is stored in muscle cells when muscles are not working. The produced ATP serves as an energy source for muscle contraction. The creatine produced during ATP production is phosphorylated again into PC using ATP when muscles are resting.

What region of the brain is known as the "relay center" for ALL sensory information
a. Thalamus
b. Hypothalamus
c. Epithalamus
d. Corpus collosum
e. Cerebral peduncles

Answers

The answer is A, Thalamus.

Discuss briefly, the different factors that can affect the rates of chemical reactions in our body.

Answers

Answer:

Factors that can affect the rate the rates of chemical reactions in the body are temperature, substrate concentration and presence and absence of enzymes.

Explanation:

Rate of a reaction may be defined as the speed of the reaction or the rate at which reactants are converted into products.

Increase or decrease in the range of temperature can affect the rate of a chemical reactions of the body. With increase in the temperature the rate of a reaction increases as the effective collision between the substrate increases and then decreases.

Enzymes are the biocatalyst that can increase the rate of a chemical reaction. The absence of the enzymes decreases the rate of a reaction.

The increase in the concentration of substrate increases the rate of a chemical reaction of the body.

In regards to a patient who is hypoxic, what is the minimum number we look for in a patient's oxygen saturation?
a) 85%
b) 88%
c) 91%
d) 94%

Answers

Answer:  the correct answer is c) 91%

Values under 60 mm Hg usually indicate the need for supplemental oxygen. Normal pulse oximeter readings usually range from 95 to 100 percent.

As stated above, a reading of 94 to 99 percent or higher indicates normal oxygen saturation, and anything below 90 percent is considered to be low blood oxygen, also known as hypoxemia.

Explanation:

Hypoxemia occurs when oxygen levels in the blood become so low that tissues and organs in the body don't get the oxygen they need. This happens because COPD damages the air sacs, which means the lungs cannot transfer the available oxygen to the bloodstream.

List three general functions of the thoracic cage.

Answers

Answer:

1. Protects the heart, abdominal organs, and lungs

2. helps with breathing  

3. supports the bones of the shoulder girdle & arms.

Explanation:

The thoracic cage is a part of the skeleton system, formed of 12 pairs of ribs, costal cartilages, the sternum, and the 12 thoracic vertebrae.  

Three major functions of the thoracic cage are -

-The thoracic cage has a heart, lungs, and some abdominal organs in its cavity and prevents it from any shock or injury.

-As thoracic cage contains the lungs in its cavity, When the muscular diaphragm contracts and flattens, an inhalation is completed while the contraction of intercostal muscles rise the thoracic cage up and out.

-The thoracic cage provides attachments for muscles of the upper limbs, neck, abdomen, thorax, and back and supports the shoulder girdle.

Final answer:

The thoracic cage serves three crucial functions: protection, support, and respiration.

Explanation:

The thoracic cage, or ribcage, serves several important functions:

Protection: The thoracic cage encloses and protects the organs of the thoracic cavity, including the heart and lungs. It acts as a shield, preventing injury to these vital organs.Support: The thoracic cage provides support for the shoulder girdles and upper limbs. It serves as the attachment point for various muscles, including those in the back, chest, neck, and shoulders. This support allows for the movement and stability of the upper body.Respiration: The ribcage plays a crucial role in respiration. Changes in the volume of the thorax, caused by the movements of the ribs and diaphragm, enable breathing. The ribs expand during inhalation and contract during exhalation, allowing for the exchange of gases in the lungs.

Learn more about Functions of the thoracic cage here:

https://brainly.com/question/12886021

#SPJ3

Follicular dendritic cells reside primarily in which of the following tissue/organ?

Question 9 options:

A)

the bone marrow

B)

the thymus

C)

primary lymphoid tissues

D)

secondary lymphoid tissues

E)

none of these

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer will be option D-secondary lymphoid tissues.

Explanation:

Follicular dendritic cells or FDCs are non-migratory dendrite cells found in the follicles of B cell areas of any secondary lymphoid organs and belong to the stromal cells of these lymphoid organs.

They help in providing immunity by shaping the responses of B in the chronic inflammatory response and auto-immune disease. These cell help in the selection of memory B cells by presenting antigens to potential memory cells to which only  B cell with B cell receptors can bind.

Thus, option D-secondary lymphoid tissues is the correct answer.

Other Questions
A cone shaped vase has a radius of 12 cm and a height of 45 cm. What is the exact value of the volume of the cone?3375 cm36782.4 cm32160 cm37542.1 cm3 True or False: The ability to process information and multi-task continues to diminish with every drink.TrueFalse small group of 100 people decide to isolate themselves from the world and move to a small and remote deserted island. Out of this population, 10 of the individuals have albino skin, which is due to the homozygous recessive condition (aa). Determine the frequency of the dominant (p) and recessive (q) allele? How many individuals would you expect to be homozygous dominant (AA), heterozygous (Aa) and homozygous recessive (aa)? The volume of a cylinder is 288[tex]\pi[/tex]cubic inches. The radius of the circular base is 4 inches. What is the height of the cylinder? Recall the formula V=[tex]v=\pi \ {2} h[/tex]a.9 inchesb.12 inchesc.18 inchesd.36 inches Which one of the following is not a way people are socialized by religion?People learn the material culture of their religion.Life stages and roles are connected to religious celebration.An individuals personal internal experience of a divine being leads to their faith.Places of worship provide a space for shared group experiences. Find the value of 9!/(9-2)! A _____ is accepted to be true without proof, while a _____ is an assertion that can be proven using the rules of logic.A.theorem; problemB.given; postulateC.postulate; theoremD.theorem; postulate An owner of a key rings manufacturing company found that the profit earned (in thousands of dollars) per day by selling n number of key rings is given by , where n is the number of key rings in thousands. Find the number of key rings sold on a particular day when the total profit is $5,000.n^2-2n-3 A straight wire that is 0.60 m long is carrying a current of 2.0 A. It is placed in a uniform magnetic field of strength 0.30 T. If the wire experiences a force of 0.18 N, what angle does the wire make with respect to the magnetic field? how much energy is required to vaporize 2 kg of copper?A 4730 kjB 207kjC 9460 kjD 414kj Which geographical factor attracted traders to East Africa, leading to the creation of Swahili culture?A.The vast and fertile Nile valley, located in East AfricaOB.The large desert in Southeast Africa, which contains rich gold depositsOC.The thick rainforests of Southeast Africa, which keeps the weather hospitableOD.the coastal region along the Southeast African border, which had port facilities to support tradeResetNext The point-slope form of the equation of the line that passes through (4, 3) and (12, 1) is y 1 = 1/4(x 12). What is the standard form of the equation for this line? PLEASE HELP ME WITH THIS QUESTION AS SOON AS POSSIBLE!!! verify sin^4x-sin^2x=cos^4x-cos^2x is an identity What is not a negative outcome of shoreline dredging?Damaged coral reefsDeath of marine lifeRuined sea grass bedsReduction of human population Help pleaseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee Two different linear functions are shown below with two points given from each function. Use slope-intercept form or point-slope form to find the equation of each.Linear Function APoints: (5, 2), (5, 7)Linear Function BPoints: (7, 5), (2, 5)Function A has:The equation of line A is:Function B has: The equation of line B is: The _______ functional group can always be found in a carbohydrate molecule.a. phosphateb. hydroxylc. aminod. water Dali, the surrealist artist, kept his easel by his bed so that he could paint the dreams that he had right when he woke up from them. A liquid has:OA. no definite shape and no definite volume.OB. definite shape and volume.OC. definite shape but can change in volume.OD. no definite shape but has definite volume.