Describe how advances in DNA technolgy are assisting the work of those in medical fields

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Advances in DNA technology have allowed for treatments such as gene therapy in the medical field. Nowadays, there are tools like the CRIPSR-Cas9 - harnessed from bacteria's immune system- that can nip a ‘bad’ region of DNA, which is responsible for disease, and replace it with a proper functioning bit. This is how genetic disorders are going to be addressed in the near future in mainstream medical facilities.

Recombinant DNA technology is being used to create clones of transgenic organisms that produce products of significance in the medical fields. An example is incorporating the insulin gene in bacteria genome. These clones of modified bacteria colonies secrete insulin protein that is purified and injected in diabetic persons to lower their sugar level to normal.

Answer 2
Creating large supplies of vaccines and antibiotics.Creating a more economically friendly way to generate medicine, such as insulin.

Related Questions

Which of the following best states the difference between an alcohol and an ether?
In an alcohol, a carbon atom is double bonded to an oxygen atom; in an ether, a carbon atom is triple bonded to another carbon atom.
In an ether, a carbon atom is double bonded to an oxygen atom; in an alcohol, a carbon atom is triple bonded to another carbon atom.
In an alcohol, a carbon atom is single bonded to a hydroxide group (OH–); in an ether, an oxygen atom is single bonded to two carbon atoms.
In an ether, a carbon atom is single bonded to a hydroxide group (OH–); in an alcohol, an oxygen atom is single bonded to two carbon atoms.

Answers

Answer:

In an alcohol, a carbon atom is single bonded to a hydroxide group (OH-); in an ether, an oxygen atom is single bonded to two carbon atoms.

The third alternative is correct

Explanation:

The difference between an alcohol and an ether in terms of structure and bonding is;

In an alcohol, a carbon atom is single bonded to a hydroxide group (OH-); in an ether, an oxygen atom is single bonded to two carbon atoms.

Answer:C

Explanation:

What will be the final stage in the sun's life cycle?

A) White Dwarf
B) Red Giant
C) Planetary Nebula
D) Black Dwarf

Answers

Answer:

a

Explanation:

White dwarf because When all the helium of the sun has fused into carbon, the sun's core stabilizes but the other layers continue to grow.

Answer:

The final stage in the sun cycle will be A )White Dwarf

Explanation:

The extract of which gymnosperm cone is used in weight loss?

pine tree

cycad

ephedra

ginkgo

Answers

Answer: ginkgo

Explanation:

Ginkgo seeds and other extracts of the Ginko cone are used for the preparation of various health supplements. The Ginkgo helps in improving the blood circulation, this facilitates the brain, eyes and legs and ears to function better. The extract of Ginkgo can be used in supplement that also contains capsaicin this can be used by the people who struggle to loose weight.

An organism has the following characteristics cell wall, autotrophic, unicellular, and eukaryotic What kingdom does it most
likely belong in?
Animalia
Protista
Plantae
Eubacteria

Answers

Answer:

B) Protista

Explanation:

Organisms that belong to the kingdom Protista are unicellular, and eukaryotic. It would not be Plantae because they are multicellular, and it’s not eubacteria because they are prokaryotes. Also it cant be animalia because they are multicellular and heterotrophs,

An organism that has the following characteristics; cell wall, autotrophic, unicellular, and eukaryotic most likely belongs to kingdom Protista.

WHAT IS KINGDOM PROTISTA?

Living organisms have been classified into an inclusive taxonomic group called Kingdom.

There are five kingdoms that living organisms has been classified into:

Kingdom PlantaeKingdom ProtistaKingdom AnimaliaKingdom MoneraKingdom Fungi

Kingdom Protista is a distinct group that harbors living organisms that are eukaryotic, autotrophic, unicellular, have cell wall etc. Example of these organisms are algae etc.

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What would be the most likely result if humans stopped burning fossil fuels

Answers

Answer:

I think the answer is "Teu tio aquele careca viado"

Explanation:

Its actually b Xddd

Answer:

A- Greenhouse gas levels would decrease.

Explanation:

APEX I just solved it

In DNA, only the_
varies from one nucleotide to another.
base
phosphate
sugar
amino acid

Answers

Answer:The answer is BASE

Someone please help!!!!!!
What type of galaxy is pictured?
A. Irregular
B.Spiral
C.Lens
D.Elliptical

Answers

╔═⋄═◇═◈═❖═✧═☆═✧═❖═◈═◇═⋄═╗

➤ 『 A n s w e r

A. Irregular.

➤ 『 R e a s o n

Ah, my favorite subject, astronomy. What you are looking at here is NGC 1427A, a category Irr I galaxy, meaning Irregular (kinda.) The galaxy is somewhat structured but has an overall sloppy shape, making it irregular. Irr II galaxies have little to no shape what so ever, they are just clouds, but since this galaxy does have a bit of structure, it's only a Irr I. The image there was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope, basically a remote-controlled observatory orbiting as a satellite around the Earth. I should also say that this galaxy is not an elliptical galaxy, as it is obviously not very smooth. Elliptical galaxies are sphere shaped galaxies that look like huge star clusters, with a bright core in the center, and have a nice smooth appearance as if it was a glowing ball of mist. This galaxy we see in the picture is rather more, a glowing blob of clouds. I hope all of this extra information you probably didn't need kept you somewhat interested. Sorry for a late answer by the way.

✧ I dropped my gravity, help.

╚═⋄═◇═◈═❖═✧═☆═✧═❖═◈═◇═⋄═╝

Irregular galaxy is pictured.

What defines an irregular galaxy?

Irregular galaxies have no particular shape. They are among the smallest galaxies and are full of gas and dust. Having a lot of gas and dust means that these galaxies have a lot of star formation going on within them.

What is an example of an irregular galaxy?

The best known examples of irregular galaxies are the Small and Large Magellanic clouds.

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The vaccine in a flu shot contains weakened flu viruses. How does a flu shot
work with the immune system?

A. It destroys lymphocytes.

B. It destroys macrophages.

C. It activates macrophages.

D. It activates lymphocytes.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is option D. "It activates lymphocytes".

Explanation:

Vaccines based on weakened pathogens work by activating lymphocytes without producing a major infection, in what is known as producing an immunostimulating effect. This is the case for the flu shots, the weakened viruses activate lymphocytes to produce antibodies while the viruses are quickly eliminated. Next time the person is in contact with the flu virus, the immune system will be protected with the memory cells that were produced by activating the lymphocytes.

Answer:

It activates lymphocytes.

Explanation:

What is the difference between germline mutations and somatic mutations? A. Germline mutations are caused by mutagens in the environment, while somatic mutations are inherited from a parent. B. Germline mutations can't be passed on from a parent to a child, while somatic mutations can. C. Germline mutations can cause serious problems, while somatic mutations don't. D. Germline mutations are inherited from a parent, while somatic mutations are caused by mutagens in the environment.

Answers

Answer:

Option (4).

Explanation:

Mutation may be defined as the sudden, inheritable change in the DNA sequence of the organism. Two main types of mutation are germ line mutation and somatic mutation.

Germ line mutation occur in the germ cells of the organisms and can be inherited to the other generation. Somatic mutation occurs in the somatic cells and cannot passed to the next generation. Somatic mutation may be caused by the mutagens present in the environment.

Thus, the correct answer is option (D).

Germline mutations are inherited from a parent, while somatic mutations are caused by mutagens in the environment. Therefore option D is correct.

Germline mutations refer to genetic changes that occur in the DNA of germ cells, which are the cells that give rise to eggs and sperm. These mutations can be inherited from a parent and are present in all cells of an individual's body, including the cells that make up the reproductive system.

As a result, germline mutations can be passed on from one generation to the next, affecting offspring. These mutations play a significant role in hereditary diseases and genetic disorders.

On the other hand, somatic mutations occur in the DNA of non-reproductive cells, known as somatic cells.

These mutations can arise during a person's lifetime due to various factors, including exposure to environmental mutagens such as radiation, chemicals, or errors in DNA replication.

Thus, the main difference between germline mutations and somatic mutations is that germline mutations are inherited from a parent and can be passed on to offspring, while somatic mutations occur in non-reproductive cells and are not passed on to future generations.

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Gene therapy is a form of __________

Answers

Answer:

DNA  introduced into a patient to treat a genetic disease.

Explanation:

✔ genetic engineering

HELP PLEASE !!!!! I just need this to graduate

Answers

Answer:

32 is true

Explanation:

What is the function of hemoglobin?​

Answers

Answer:

Hemoglobin is what red blood cells use to carry all that oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Answer:

Haemoglobin in the blood carries oxygen from the lungs or gills to the rest of the body. There it releases the oxygen to permit aerobic respiration to provide energy to power the functions of the organism in the process called metabolism.

Having freckles (F) is dominant over not having freckles (f). A parent with freckles is crossed with a parent without freckles. The Punnett square shows the possible genotypes of the offspring.

What is the probability that an offspring will have a homozygous dominant genotype?
%

What is the probability that an offspring will have a heterozygous genotype?
%

What is the probability that an offspring will have a homozygous recessive genotype?
%

Answers

Answer:

A: Freckles (Ff) B:No freckles (ff) C: Freckles (Ff) D:No freckles (ff)

A Monohybrid cross is a cross among two individuals with different variations of a trait located on the same locus of importance.

The dominant allele is: Having freckles: F

The recessive allele is: Not having freckles: f

For a cross between Heterozygous dominant parent (Ff) and purebred recessive parent (ff) refer to the image given below:

1.The probability of an offspring being a purebred dominant genotype: 0%

2.The probability of an offspring being heterozygous: 50%

3.The probability of offspring to be purebred recessive: 50%

In another case where the dominant parent is purebred (FF) and the other parent is purebred recessive (ff) then:  

1.The probability for offspring to be purebred dominant: 0%

2.The probability of an offspring to be heterozygous: 100%  

3.The probability of offspring to be purebred recessive: 0%

Therefore, the Punnett square is used to show the cross between the heterozygous dominant and purebred recessive parent.

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Which of the following statements is correct?

RNA contains the genetic code.
RNA reads and translates the DNA code.
DNA reads and translates the RNA code.
DNA synthesizes protein.

Answers

Answer:

DNA reads and translates the ran code

Explanation:

your dna is apart of your system

I think it would be the second choice, due to the process called transcription

Which germ layer develops into bones, kidneys, bladder, ovaries or testes, blood, and muscles, including the heart?

A. Mesoderm
B. Ectoderm
C. Blastula layer
D. Endoderm

Answers

Mesoderm is the correct answer

Mesoderm is the type of germ layer develops into bones, kidneys, bladder, ovaries or testes, blood, and muscles, including the heart.

Answer: Option A

Explanation:

The end of the gastrulation phase of living organism is marked by the formation of three germ layers namely ectoderm layer, mesoderm layer and entoderm layer.

Each of the layers which are mentioned gets converted into different structure. The Mesoderm gets converted to connective tissue, ligament and smooth muscles. The heart dividers by blood, lymph vessels and cells.

How does the temperature of water change if you heat it after it has already reached the boiling point?
A. it does not change
B. it increases
C. it decreases
D. it increases then slowly decreases

Answers

Answer:

A. it does not change

Explanation:

the temperature of water  does not change if you heat it after it has already reached the boiling point

after boiling point the temperature becomes constant and the heat energy supplied is used for vaporization .

Answer:

A. it does not change

Explanation:

This is because when water is heated to its boiling point of 100degrees celsius, more energy is usually needed to convert the liquid to gas so the additional heat helps in this conversion.

Water temperature doesn’t change when it reaches the boiling point till all the water evaporates into the atmosphere. When there is no more water, the temperature increases according to the nature of the container.

How do plants absorb carbon dioxide

Answers

Answer:

photosynthesis

Explanation:

The stomata open to absorb the carbon dioxide needed to perform photosynthesis. They open to release the oxygen produced by this process. Plant roots and leaves absorb water, which reacts with carbon dioxide using energy from light as the catalyst.

what are the three subunits of the nucleotides that form a dna molecule​

Answers

The three components of the nucleotides are phosphate groups, deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

Rohit visited a pumpkin patch with his family. The table shows the relationship between the weight and price of a pumpkin.



Which statement describes the slope of a graph of the data?

For each additional pound, the price increases $0.50.
For each additional pound, the price increases $1.50.
For every additional dollar, the pumpkin can increase by 1.5 pounds.
For every additional dollar, the pumpkin can increase by 0.5 pounds.

Answers

Answer:

the answer would be (B) For each additional pound, the price increases $1.50.

Explanation:

Drag each tile to the correct box. Match the given symbol or molecular formula to the term that best describes it.


element -

organic compound -

inorganic elemental molecule -

inorganic compound -


answers given: so2, k, CI2, c6h6

Answers

Answer:

Element:K

Organic compound: [tex]C_6H_6[/tex]

Inorganic elemental molecule: [tex]Cl_2[/tex]

Inorganic compound: [tex]SO_2[/tex]

Explanation:

We are given that an element ,an organic compound ,inorganic elemental molecule and inorganic compound

We have to match  the given answer with correct match.

Element: an element is define as the simplest substance  which can not be broken down by chemical reactions.

Therefore, in given options we have only one substance is K which can not be broken down by chemical reactions.

Element:K

Organic compound: It is define as the the compound which is formed by carbon and hydrogen .

There is only one compound in which carbons and hydrogens are present

Organic compound: [tex]C_6H_6[/tex]

Inorganic elemental molecule:It is define as the molecule which is formed by atom of same element.

Hence, inorganic elemental molecule: [tex]Cl_2[/tex]

Inorganic compound: It is define as the compound which is formed by two or more atom of different element.

Hence, Inorganic compound: [tex]SO_2[/tex]

Element: K (Potassium)

Organic Compound: C6H6 (Benzene)

Inorganic Elemental Molecule: Cl2 (Chlorine gas)

Inorganic Compound: SO2 (Sulfur dioxide).

What is the electron configuration of potassium?

Potassium (K) is an essential alkali metal element with a single valence electron in its outermost electron shell. This electron configuration gives potassium its characteristic reactivity allowing it to readily lose that valence electron to form a positively charged ion.

This property makes potassium a crucial element for various physiological functions within living organisms including maintaining proper nerve and muscle cell functionality.

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Which of the following is true about the solar wind? Select all that apply
the solar wind blows dust around on the Moon.
the solar wind interacts with Earth's magnetosphere.
the solar wind only interacts with the Earth and its moon.
the solar wind may be the source of water on the Moon.

Answers

Answer:

the solar wind interacts with Earth's magnetosphere

Explanation:

The Earth's magnetosphere is the zone in which the solar wind interacts with the magnetic field of the Earth. It is acts as a protective layer for the Earth, and without the magnetic field, the magnetosphere would not exist, thus the solar wind would mostly likely destroy everything living on the planet. The solar wind originates from the corona of the Sun. It is basically consisted of electrons and protons that are highly energized and charged, coming outwards of the Sun as a stream. They have enormous temperature of up to one million C degrees, and travel very quickly at speeds of around 900 km/h. The solar winds are also responsible for the formation of the natural phenomenon known as aurora borealis.

Select all that apply.
Characteristics of mitosis include
the most common kind of cell division
four daughter cells produced when parent cell divides
same number of chromosomes in each daughter cell as in the parent cell
different DNA in the daughter cell than in the parent cell

Answers

Final answer:

Mitosis is the process by which a single parent cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and the parent cell, with the same number of chromosomes.

Explanation:

Characteristics of mitosis include:

The most common kind of cell division

Same number of chromosomes in each daughter cell as in the parent cell

Mitosis is a process where a single parent cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells. This is known as somatic cell division.

During the stages of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, the chromosomes are equally separated, ensuring that each daughter cell obtains an exact copy of the DNA, with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. This is typically seen in diploid cells, which would have 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs in humans.

This ensures genetic continuity and is critical for growth, development, and repair of multicellular organisms. In contrast, meiosis results in four genetically distinct daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes.

what molecule contains an organisms genetic material, passed down from parents to their offspring​

Answers

Answer:

DNA. genetic material passed down generationa

That would be DNA aka genetic material.

Air pollution is only caused by human activity,
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
OT
OF

True or false

Answers

Answer:

False

Explanation:

Air pollution is caused by both human and natural occasions. Natural actions like volcanic eruptions, forest fires and wind erosion are examples of how nature pollutes the air.

Air pollution is caused by both human and natural occasions. Natural actions like volcanic eruptions, forest fires and wind erosion are examples of how nature pollutes the air is a false statement.

What is Air pollution?

Release of chemicals into the atmosphere that are harmful to both human health and the health of the entire planet is referred to as air pollution.

Globally, air pollution causes up to seven million deaths annually, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Currently, nine out of ten people breathe air that is more polluted than what is considered safe by the WHO, with those in low- and middle-income nations suffering the most.

In the US, the Clean Air Act, passed in 1970, gives the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) permission to protect public health by controlling the emissions of these dangerous air pollutants.

Therefore, Air pollution is caused by both human and natural occasions. Natural actions like volcanic eruptions, forest fires and wind erosion are examples of how nature pollutes the air is a false statement.

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Which of the following would be an example of basic research?

Edison's research that led to inventing the light bulb.
Morrison and Franscioni's research done to create the Frisbee.
Newton's discoveries of the laws of motion.
Spencer's research that led to the invention of the microwave oven.

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

Newton's discoveries of the laws of motion.

An example of basic research is Newton's discoveries of the laws of motion.

What is basic research?Basic research is experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundations of phenomena and observable facts, without any particular application or use in view.Basic research, also called pure research or fundamental research, is a type of scientific research with the aim of improving scientific theories for better understanding and prediction of natural or other phenomena. In contrast, applied research uses scientific theories to develop technology or techniques which can be used to intervene and alter natural or other phenomena.Functioning of the human brain, Man’s behavior, Newton's discoveries of the laws of motion, Impact of technology on everyday life are examples for basic research.

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Darwin recorded distinct species of finches on different islands in the Galapagos. The images below show two species of finches he observed.
On island X, he saw both species of finches. On island Y. he only saw the finch on the right. Based on these observations, what is the most likely
conclusion Darwin would have made?

Answers

Answer:

There was a variety of food available on island X, but there were only large seeds and nuts on island Y.

Explanation:

Final answer:

Darwin would conclude that the finches likely shared a common ancestor when they came to the island, but exhibited different traits. Each species of finch settled on the island where its particular traits would be the most adaptive.

Explanation:

Darwin's most likely conclusion based on his observations of distinct finch species on different islands in the Galapagos would be that the finches likely shared a common ancestor when they came to the island. Each species of finch settled on the island where its particular traits would be the most adaptive. The variation in beak shapes and sizes among the finch species indicated that each species had adapted to different food resources available on the different islands.

The long-term increase in the average temperature on Earth is referred to as _[blank]_.

global cooling
ozone cooling
global warming
ozone warming

Answers

That would be C. Global warming.

Answer:

global warming

Explanation:

The long term increase in the average temperature on earth is known as global warming. It occurs due to the presence of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and other green house gases in the earth's atmosphere. CO₂ molecules have tendency to trap radiations from sun. This is the reason why the earth's atmosphere remains warm even after sun set. Because of this, the average temperature of earth is rising which is mainly responsible for melting of glaciers and has many other adverse effects on animals, natural resources, plants etc.

Where is the nictitating membrane found?

A. Between the eyelid and the eyeball
B. Between the retina and the optic nerve
C. Between the outer and middle ear
D. In the organ of Corti in the middle ear

Answers

I think its A. Between the eyelid and the eyeball

hope this helps

The nictitating membrane found between the eyelid and the eyeball.

Option A

Explanation:

Nictitating membrane is the structure which function as an eyelid and therefore is also known as third eyelid. It is completely formed in some animals like amphibians, reptiles, fishes, birds and mammals and some primates like lemurs, while it is present as a rudimentary tissue at the inner corner of eye in primates like chimpanzee, orang-utan and human etc. It is translucent in colour and helps in clearing and protecting the eye.

identical twins contain the same *blank*, which is a nucleic acid

Answers

Answer:

dna

Explanation:

Answer:

I believe it is DNA Sequence.

Explanation:

Hope my answer has helped you!

WILL MARK BRAINLIEST AND 5 STARS PLZZZZZ HELP
Which of the following describes an interaction between the respiratory system and the excretory system? Lungs absorbing more oxygen during exercise Lungs eliminating water and carbon dioxide Kidneys maintaining blood concentration Kidneys eliminating urea through urine

Answers

Answer:

the answer would be the second one.

lungs eliminating water and carbon dioxide.

Hope this helps :)

Answer: 2nd option

Lungs eliminating water and carbon dioxide

Our body is made of organ systems that contain organs working together to serve one function in the body. The excretory system is in charge of removing metabolic waste as well as maintaining homeostasis of water and salt. Therespiratory system functions to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxidewith the atmosphere.

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Gametes arecells. HaploidDiploid A ball is thrown straight up with an initial speed of 16.9 m/s. At what height above its initial position will the ball have onehalf its initial speed? Point w is located at negative 2 3 on a coordinate plane W is reflected over the x-axis to create Point ww.W is then reflected over the y-axis to create point w what ordered pair describes the location of Point wa explain how you determine your answer Which statement is the best summary of the theme in thispassage?Small pleasures bring joy to life.O People cannot cope without relaxing activities.Most people prefer to be alone.Danger is inevitable, even in a person's home. Which of the following is an example of personal information we often share when we are forming relationships?a.beliefs about the worldb.reactions to eventsc.goalsd.all of the above What was the significance of Fort Gibson when it was built?A. it was the US military fort that was the farthest West.B. it was the only US military fort on the frontier.C. it was the first fort on the US border with Mexico.D. it was meant to keep Native Americans out of Oklahoma.E. it started as a trading post with the Plain Indians. Which contains more soda a 2 liter bottle or a 2 quart bottle Which subordinate group is often referred to as the model minority?African AmericansAsian AmericansWhite ethnic AmericansNative Americans gerards baby brother spends 7/8 of his day sleeping. How many hours does his baby brother sleep? i PLEASE HELP PLEASE Tricia has the same number of nickels and dimes in her pocket. The coins total $3.60. How many of each coin does she have?A) 12 nickels and 12 dimesB) 24 nickels and 24 dimesC) 36 nickels and 36 dimesD) 48 nickels and 48 dimes The given line passes through the points (-4,-3) and (4,1) what is the equation in point-slope form, of the line that is perpendicular to the given line and passes through the point (-4,3)? periodization is a historical skill that involves The nuclear potential that binds protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is often approximated by a square well. Imagine a proton conned in an innite square well of length 105 nm, a typical nuclear diameter. Calculate the wavelength and energy associated with the photon that is emitted when the proton undergoes a transition from the rst excited state (n 2) to the ground state (n 1). In what region of the electromagnetic spectrum does this wavelength belong? It was your money and you did what you wanted with it. ...So you butchered up a dream of mine-you-who alwaystalking 'bout your children's dreams...What is most likely Walter's intent in this passage?OA. To make Mama feel guiltyOB. To show that he is the head of the familyOC. To make himself appear humbleOD. To get Mama to buy the house Which expresin is equivalente to (4g3 h2 k4)3 Read this sentence from the interview.When I say that an actor is natural, I mean that he appears to act in accordance with his ideal, in accordance with his nature, and that he is not an imitator or a copyistthat he is not made up of shreds and patches taken from others, but that all he does flows from interior fountains and is consistent with his own nature, all having in a marked degree the highest characteristics of the man.How does the phrase "flows from interior fountains" affect the interview? A-It suggests that actors have more to give of themselves than other people do. B- It suggests that actors try their hardest to create believable characters. C- It suggests that actors include a part of their own essence in the roles they play. D- It suggests that actors have an abundance of emotions that they must release. Choose the required figure.A right triangle circumscribed about a circle: 71, 92, 94, 93, 98, 85, 66, 70, 68, 93, 87, 71, 85, 52, 61, 62, 85, 69, 95, 79Calculate the mean for the data list above.. 82. 78.8. 93Op. 87 A shipping company charges $6 to ship a package that weighs up to 1 pound and $2 for each additional pound or portion ofa pound. Which equation represents this situation?Of(x) = 8+2[x-1, where x > 0Of(x) = 6+2Lx-1), where x > 0O (x) = 6+2[x+1), where x > 0Of(x) = 6+2x+1), where x > 0 Order these values given in scientific notation from least to greatest.1.49 x 10^51.05 x 10^-63.81 x 10^82.44 x 10^-93.75 X 10^4