Answer:
a) HCl
b) 22.9g
c) 18.11g
Explanation:
MMn = 54.94g/mol
MO2 = 2(16) = 32g/mol
MH = 1g/mol
MCl = 35.45g/mol
Molar Mass of MnO2:
54.94 + 2(16)= 86.94
Molar Mass of HCl:
1+35.45=36.45
Mols of MnO2:
42.7 /86.94 = 0.49
Mols of HCl:
47.1 /36.45 = 1.29
Molar Mass of Cl2:
35.45 ×2 = 70.9
Mols of Cl2
1.29/4=0.323
Mass of Cl2 (Theoretical yield)
0.323 ×70.9= 22.9
To calculate the actual yield, we multiply the theoretical yield by the final percentage:
22.9 ×0.791=18.11
An element has two naturally-occurring isotopes. The mass numbers of these isotopes are 123 amu and 125 amu, with natural abundances of 95% and 5%, respectively. Calculate its average atomic mass. Report your answer to 1 decimal place.
Answer:
123.1
Explanation:
The average atomic mass of an element which exhibits isotopy is the average mass of its various isotopes as they occur naturally in any quantity of the element.
Average atomic mass = (95% of 123 amu)+(5% 0f 125 amu)
= (0.95 × 123) + (0.05 × 125)
= 116.85 + 6.25
= 123.1 (to 1 decimal place)
Explain to Mark how composting can help reduce greenhouse gases
Explanation:
Compositing is the regulated breakdown of organic matter by microbes, aerobically. The major gas released from composting is carbon dioxide. This is different from landfills and manure piles where most of the breakdown of the organic matter happens, anaerobically because less oxygen penetrates the matter. Composting involves deliberate aeration of the decomposing matter. Anaerobic breakdown methane releases methane gas even more than carbon dioxide. Methane is four times more potent as a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. This is why composting is a good agricultural practice for mitigating climate change as compared to the use of landfills.
Answer:
Composting reduces the waste going to the landfill, which can lower methane emissions. It also promotes the growth of new plants and trees, which control the CO2 levels in the air. Mark could ask these two questions at the meeting:
What types of food waste will be composted?
How will the compost be used in the community?
Explanation:
This is the sample answer on edmentum
The _______________ system collects solid wastes—such as undigested food, intestinal bacteria, and old cells—and removes them from the body, while the _____________ system filters the blood and collects wastes to remove from the body as urine.
Answer:
Excretory system, and Kidney.
Explanation:
The excretory system helps to regulate the chemical composition of the body fluids by removing metabolic waste such as undigested food, intestinal bacteria, and old cells and helping to retain the proper amount of water, nutrients, and salts in the body.
The main function of the kidney is to filter the blood, kidney help to remove waste from the body as urine, control fluid balance in the body, and keep the right level of electrolytes. Each kidney is bean-shaped in structure and 4-5 inches long in size.
Which planets are composed more of gas than liquids and solids? A. Venus, Jupiter, Neptune, and Mercury B. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune C. Venus, Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune D. Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, and Mercury
Answer:
the answer is b :)
Explanation:
Answer: B
Explanation:
I just had this question on Study Island.
A cylinder with a moveable piston contains 92g of Nitrogen. The external pressure is constant at 1.00 atm. The initial temperature is 200K. When the temperature is decreased by 85 K, by putting it in a lower temperature freezer, the volume will decrease, according to the Ideal Gas Law. Calculate the work for this process. Express your answer in J. The conversion factor between liter atmospheres and joules is 101.3 J
Answer:
Work done in this process = 4053 J
Explanation:
Mass of the gas = 0.092 kg
Pressure is constant = 1 atm = 101325 pa
Initial temperature [tex]T_{1}[/tex] = 200 K
Final temperature [tex]T_{2}[/tex] = 200 - 85 = 115 K
Gas constant for nitrogen = 297 [tex]\frac{J}{kg k}[/tex]
When pressure of a gas is constant, volume of the gas is directly proportional to its temperature.
⇒ V ∝ T
⇒ [tex]\frac{V_{2} }{V_{1} }[/tex] = [tex]\frac{T_{2} }{T_{1} }[/tex] ------------ ( 1 )
From ideal gas equation [tex]P_{1}[/tex] [tex]V_{1}[/tex] = m R [tex]T_{1}[/tex] ------ (2)
⇒ 101325 × [tex]V_{1}[/tex] = 0.092 × 297 × 200
⇒ [tex]V_{1}[/tex] = 0.054 [tex]m^{3}[/tex]
This is the volume at initial condition.
From equation 1
⇒ [tex]\frac{V_{2} }{0.054}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{200}{115}[/tex]
⇒ [tex]V_{2}[/tex] = 0.094 [tex]m^{3}[/tex]
This is the volume at final condition.
Thus the work done is given by W = P [[tex]V_{2}[/tex] - [tex]V_{1}[/tex] ]
⇒ W = 101325 × [ 0.094 - 0.054]
⇒ W = 4053 J
This is the work done in that process.
NH4CO2NH2(s) equilibrium reaction arrow 2 NH3(g) + CO2(g) Ammonium carbamate decomposes according to the equation above. At 40°C, an equilibrium mixture for this reaction contains 0.0640 atm CO2 and 0.370 atm NH3. What is the value of the equilibrium constant Kp for the reaction?
Answer:
Kp = 8.76×10⁻³
Explanation:
We determine the carbamate decomposition in equilibrium:
NH₄CO₂NH₂ (s) ⇄ 2NH₃(g) + CO₂(g)
Let's build the expression for Kp
Kp = (Partial pressure NH₃)² . Partial pressure CO₂
We do not consider, the carbamate because it is solid and we only need the partial pressure from gases
Kp = (0.370atm)² . 0.0640 atm
Kp = 8.76×10⁻³
Remember Kp does not carry units
The value of the equilibrium constant Kp for the decomposition of ammonium carbamate at 40°C, given the partial pressures of 0.370 atm for NH3 and 0.0640 atm for CO2, is 0.0087616.
The decomposition of ammonium carbamate to ammonia and carbon dioxide at equilibrium can be represented by the following equation:
NH4CO2NH2(s) ⇌ 2 NH3(g) + CO2(g)
The equilibrium constant for a reaction involving gases, Kp, is based on the partial pressures of the gaseous products and reactants. The equilibrium constant expression for this reaction is:
Kp = (PNH3)^2 × (PCO2)
Given the equilibrium partial pressures, 0.370 atm of NH3 and 0.0640 atm of CO2, we can calculate the Kp value:
Kp = (0.370)^2 × (0.0640) = 0.1369 × 0.0640 = 0.0087616
So, the value of the equilibrium constant Kp for the reaction at 40°C is 0.0087616.
2 SO2(g) + O2(g) 2 SO3(g) Assume that Kc = 0.0680 for the gas phase reaction above. Calculate the corresponding value of Kp for this reaction at 84.5°C.
Answer: The corresponding value of [tex]K_p[/tex] for this reaction at 84.5°C is 0.00232
Explanation:
[tex]2SO_2(g)+O_2(g)\rightarrow 2SO_3(g)[/tex]
Relation of with is given by the formula:
[tex]K_p=K_c(RT)^{\Delta ng}[/tex]
where,
= equilibrium constant in terms of partial pressure = ?
[tex]K_c[/tex] = equilibrium constant in terms of concentration = 0.0680
R = Gas constant = [tex]0.0821\text{ L atm }mol^{-1}K^{-1}[/tex]
T = temperature =[tex]84.5^0C=(273+84.5)K=357.5K[/tex]
[tex]\Delta n_g[/tex] = change in number of moles of gas particles = [tex]n_{products}-n_{reactants}=2-3=-1[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]K_p=0.0680\times (0.0821\times 357.5)^{-1}\\\\K_p=0.00232[/tex]
Thus the corresponding value of [tex]K_p[/tex] for this reaction at 84.5°C is 0.00232
At their centers, all the jovian planets have cores made of:
new elements produced by the high pressure; elements which we do not have on Earth
hydrogen and helium in the form of gas
a solid mixture of rocky and icy materials under great pressure
methane, ammonia, and sulfur compounds
hydrogen and helium in the form of liquids
Final answer:
The cores of the Jovian planets are composed of a solid mixture of rocky and icy materials under great pressure, and their compositions are dominated by elements like carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen.
Explanation:
The cores of the jovian planets, such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, are composed of a solid mixture of rocky and icy materials under great pressure.
This information is supported by studies of the gravitational fields of these planets and the fact that their compositions are dominated by elements like carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, along with rock and ice.
Although the cores exist at pressures of tens of millions of bars, the materials referred to as 'rock' and 'ice' do not assume familiar forms at such extreme pressures and temperatures.
How can you tell if a chemical compound is ionic or covalent by just looking at the formula?
Answer: Ionic compounds ( Metal + Non-metal), Covalent Compounds (Non-metal + Non metal ).
Explanation: Going by the definition, an ionic compound is formed when a chemical reaction occurs between a metal and a non-metal while a covalent compound is formed when a chemical reaction occurs between two non-metals.
Having a good knowledge of the periodic table, one can easily identify the metals and non-metals in each compound and thus tell if it is Ionic or Covalent.
By examining the formula of a chemical compound, one can tell if it is ionic or covalent. Ionic compounds consist of metals combined with nonmetals or polyatomic ions, whereas covalent compounds are formed from nonmetals only.
Explanation:To determine if a chemical compound is ionic or covalent just by looking at the formula, we consider the types of elements involved in the compound. Typically, ionic compounds are formed when a metal and a nonmetal react, resulting in the transfer of electrons and the formation of ions. For example, NaCl (sodium chloride) is an ionic compound because it consists of the metal sodium (Na) and the nonmetal chlorine (Cl).
In contrast, covalent compounds are formed when nonmetals bond together, leading to the sharing of electrons. An example of a covalent compound is H2O (water), which comprises the nonmetals hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O). Also, if the compound contains a recognizable polyatomic ion like NO3− (nitrate), which typically forms ionic bonds with metals, it can be identified as ionic. For instance, Ba(NO3)2 includes the nitrate ion and the metal barium (Ba), indicating an ionic compound.
What is the molar mass of 37.96 g of gas exerting a pressure of 3.29 on the walls of a 4.60 L container at 375 K?
The molar mass of the gas is 77.20 gm/mole.
Explanation:
The data given is:
P = 3.29 atm, V= 4.60 L T= 375 K mass of the gas = 37.96 grams
Using the ideal Gas Law will give the number of moles of the gas. The formula is
PV= nRT (where R = Universal Gas Constant 0.08206 L.atm/ K mole
Also number of moles is not given so applying the formula
n= mass ÷ molar mass of one mole of the gas.
n = m ÷ x ( x molar mass) ( m mass given)
Now putting the values in Ideal Gas Law equation
PV = m ÷ x RT
3.29 × 4.60 = 37.96/x × 0.08206 × 375
15.134 = 1168.1241 ÷ x
15.134x = 1168.1241
x = 1168.1241 ÷ 15.13
x = 77.20 gm/mol
If all the units in the formula are put will get cancel only grams/mole will be there. Molecular weight is given by gm/mole.
Answer:
77.2
Explanation:
Mg(OH)2 in the form of Milk of Magnesia is used to neutralize excess stomach acid. Mg(OH)2 58.33 11. How many moles of stomach acid can be neutralized by 1.00 g of Mg(OH)2
Answer:
0.03429 mole
Explanation:
The type of acid present in the stomach is hydrochloric acid (HCl).
From the balanced equation:
[tex]Mg(OH)_2 + 2HCl --> MgCl_2 + 2H_2O[/tex]
2 moles of HCl requires 1 mole of Mg(OH)2 fro complete neutralization.
moles of Mg(OH)2 present in 1g = mass/molar mass
= 1/58.33 = 0.01714 mole
If 1 mole of Mg(OH)2 is needed for 2 moles of HCl, then
0.01714 mole of Mg(OH)2 will require: 2 x 0.01714 moles HCl
= 0.03429 mole of HCl
Hence, 0.03429 mole of stomach acid can be neutralized by 1.00g of Mg(OH)2
Suppose a group of volunteers is planning to build a park near a local lake. The lake is known to contain low levels of arsenic (As). Therefore, prior to starting construction, the group decides to measure the current level of arsenic in the lake.A) If a 15.7 cm3 sample of lake water is found to have 164.5 ng As, what is the concentration of arsenic in the sample in parts per billion (ppb), assuming that the density of the lake water is 1.00 g/cm3?
B) Calculate the total mass (in kg) of arsenic in the lake that the company will have to remove if the total volume of water in the lake is 0.710 km3?
C) Based on the company\'s claim and the concentration of arsenic in the lake, how many years will it take to remove all of the arsenic from the lake, assuming that there are always 365 days in a year?
Answer:
A) 10.75 is the concentration of arsenic in the sample in parts per billion .
B) 7,633.66 kg the total mass of arsenic in the lake that the company have to remove.
C) It will take 1.37 years to remove all of the arsenic from the lake.
Explanation:
A) Mass of arsenic in lake water sample = 164.5 ng
The ppb is the amount of solute (in micrograms) present in kilogram of a solvent. It is also known as parts-per million.
To calculate the ppm of oxygen in sea water, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{ppb}=\frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Mass of solution}}\times 10^9[/tex]
Both the masses are in grams.
We are given:
Mass of arsenic = 164.5 ng = [tex]164.5\times 10^{-9} g[/tex]
[tex]1 ng=10^{-9} g[/tex]
Volume of the sample = V = [tex]15.3 cm^3[/tex]
Density of the lake water sample ,d= [tex]1.00 g/cm^3[/tex]
Mass of sample = M = [tex]d\times V=1.0 g/cm^3\times 15.3 cm^3=15.3 g[/tex]
[tex]ppb=\frac{164.5\times 10^{-9} g}{15.3 g}\times 10^9=10.75[/tex]
10.75 is the concentration of arsenic in the sample in parts per billion.
B)
Mass of arsenic in [tex]1 cm^3[/tex] of lake water = [tex]\frac{164.5\times 10^{-9} g}{15.3}=1.075\times 10^{-8} g[/tex]
Mass of arsenic in [tex]0.710 km^3[/tex] lake water be m.
[tex]1 km^3=10^{15} cm^3[/tex]
Mass of arsenic in [tex]0.710\times 10^{15} cm^3[/tex] lake water :
[tex]m=0.710\times 10^{15}\times 1.075\times 10^{-8} g=7,633,660.130 g[/tex]
1 g = 0.001 kg
7,633,660.130 g = 7,633,660.130 × 0.001 kg=7,633.660130 kg ≈ 7,633.66 kg
7,633.66 kg the total mass of arsenic in the lake that the company have to remove.
C)
Company claims that it takes 2.74 days to remove 41.90 kilogram of arsenic from lake water.
Days required to remove 1 kilogram of arsenic from the lake water :
[tex]\frac{2.74}{41.90} days[/tex]
Then days required to remove 7,633.66 kg of arsenic from the lake water :
[tex]=7,633.66\times \frac{2.74}{41.90} days=499.19 days[/tex]
1 year = 365 days
499.19 days = [tex]\frac{499.19}{365} years = 1.367 years\approx 1.37 years[/tex]
It will take 1.37 years to remove all of the arsenic from the lake.
Hydrogen bonding among water molecules gives water all of the following important properties, except: strong cohesion among the individual water molecules. a transparent color. high heat capacity. the capacity to serve as a solvent to many other molecules. lower density as a solid than as a liquid.
Answer:
Answer here is A: Transparent colour."
Explanation:
Hydrogen bonds here in water provides a lot of benefits which includes cohesion, releasing heat when forming, Also because of the fact that water molecules are polar, they form hydrogen molecules and give water some characteristics which ranges from high boiling point, relative gravity, adhesion ad also cohesion. It is also known that oxygen atom attracts the electrons more strongly than the hydrogen.
A transparent colour falls in no place and do not really have any correlation in oxygen and hydrogen relationship.
Hydrogen bonding among water molecules gives water several important properties, including strong cohesion, high heat capacity, and the ability to serve as a solvent. However, it is not responsible for water's lower density as a solid compared to a liquid.
Explanation:Hydrogen bonding plays a crucial role in giving water several important properties. It allows for strong cohesion among water molecules, which contributes to its high surface tension and capillary action. This cohesion is also responsible for water's ability to serve as a solvent for many other molecules. Additionally, hydrogen bonding gives water a high heat capacity, meaning it can absorb and release a large amount of heat without changing temperature significantly. However, hydrogen bonding is not responsible for water's lower density as a solid compared to a liquid. This unique property is a result of the structure of water molecules and the open lattice arrangement they form in ice.
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Consider the following reaction: 2 H2(g) + 2 NO(g) → 2 H2O(g) + N2(g) If the concentration of NO changed from 0.100 M to 0.025 M in the first 15 minutes of the reaction, what is the average rate of the reaction during this time interval?
Final answer:
The average rate of the reaction is -0.005 M/min.
Explanation:
The average rate of a reaction can be calculated by using the change in concentration of a reactant or product divided by the time interval. In this case, the concentration of NO changed from 0.100 M to 0.025 M in 15 minutes. You can calculate the average rate of the reaction by dividing the change in concentration by the time interval:
Average rate = (Final concentration - Initial concentration) / Time
Average rate = (0.025 M - 0.100 M) / 15 minutes
Average rate = -0.075 M / 15 minutes = -0.005 M/min
The ph of 0.010 m aqueous aniline is 8.32. What is the percentage protonated?
Answer : The percentage aniline protonated is, 0.0209 %
Explanation :
First we have to calculate the pOH.
[tex]pH+pOH=14\\\\pOH=14-pH\\\\pOH=14-8.32\\\\pOH=5.68[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the hydroxide ion concentration.
[tex]pOH=-\log [OH^-][/tex]
[tex]5.68=-\log [OH^-][/tex]
[tex][OH^-]=2.09\times 10^{-6}M[/tex]
The equilibrium chemical reaction will be:
[tex]NH_3+H_2O\rightleftharpoons NH_4^++OH^-[/tex]
From the reaction we conclude that,
Concentration of [tex]OH^-[/tex] ion = Concentration of [tex]NH_4^+[/tex] ion = [tex]2.09\times 10^{-6}M[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the percentage aniline protonated.
[tex]\text{percentage aniline protonated}=\frac{2.09\times 10^{-6}M}{0.010M}\times 100[/tex]
[tex]\text{percentage aniline protonated}=0.0209\%[/tex]
Thus, the percentage aniline protonated is, 0.0209 %
Part 1: Ionic Bonding 1. Choose Sodium (Na). a. What type of element is it? b. How many valence electrons does it have? 2. Choose Fluorine (F). a. What type of element is it? b. How many valence electrons does it have? 3. Answer the question on the screen, "What type of bond is this combination likely to form?" a. Circle: Ionic or Covalent? b. Choose the appropriate number of atoms to make the bond. Record the number of each atom below: 4. Watch the final animation closely (it will play continuously). a. Describe the change in the number of valence electrons in the atoms as the bond is successfully formed: b. What does the positive (+) charge indicate (mention specific subatomic particles in your answer)? c. What does the negative (-) charge indicate (mention specific subatomic particles in your answer)? d. Record the name and molecular formula for the compound below:
Answer:
Explanation:
Sodium is a group 1 element with atomic number 1. It has 11 electrons. It is soft reactive metal. It has 1 valence electron.
Fluorine is a group 7 element, a hologen with 7 valence electron. It is a most reactive non metal.
When sodium react with fluorine, ionic bond is formed in the resulting compound sodium fluoride.
One sodium and fluorine each totaling 2 atoms are enough to make the bond.
As the bond is formed, both atoms have octet structure. That is they each have 8 electrons on their outermost shells.
The positive charge on sodium indicates that sodium had lost 1 electron to fluorine atom.
The negative charge on fluorine ion indicates that fluorine atom had gained 1 electron from sodium atom to form negative ion.
The name of the compound is sodium fluoride with formula NaF.
Answer:
The reaction of 1st group element Na and 7th group element F, results in formation of Sodium fluoride (NaF).
Explanation:
1. (a) Sodium (Na) is element belonging to the first group of the periodic table.
(b) The atomic number of Na is 11 and after distribution it has 1 valence electron.
2. (a) Fluorine (F) is the halogen element and belongs to group 7 of the periodic table.
(b) The atomic number of F is 19 and it has 7 valence electrons.
3. The reaction of Na with F results in an ionic interaction with the formation of NaF (Sodium fluoride).
(a) The reaction and combination of Na and F is likely to be ionic in nature.
(b) The one valence electron of Na and F are involved in formation of bond. Total 2 electrons are involved.
4. (a) The successful formation of bond result in octet completion of NaF by sharing of electrons. Both the elements share 8 electrons, i.e. 7 electrons of F and 1 electron of Na.
(b) The +ve charge is imparted for the loss of electron . Na lost its 1 valence electron to F for bond formation and thus imparts the +ve charge.
(c) The -ve charge is imparted with the gain of electron. In reaction of Na with F, fluorine being more electronegative gains its electrons from Na and imparts a -ve charge.
(d) The reaction of Na with F results in the formation of compound known as sodium fluoride with the molecular formula NaF.
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A 0.10 mol sample of each of the four species in the reaction represented above is injected into a rigid, previously evacuated 1.0 L container. Which of the following species will have the highest concentration when the system reaches equilibrium?
a.H2S(g)
b.CH4(g)
c.CS2(g)
d.H2(g)
The question is incomplete. complete question is;
A 0.10 mol sample of each of the four species in the reaction represented above is injected into a rigid, previously evacuated 1.0 L container. Which of the following species will have the highest concentration when the system reaches equilibrium?
[tex]2H_2S+CH_4\rightleftharpoons CS_2(g)+4H_2(g)[/tex]
[tex]K_c=3.4\times 10^{-4}[/tex]
a.[tex]H_2S(g) [/tex]
b.[tex]CH_4(g) [/tex]
c.[tex]CS_2(g) [/tex]
d.[tex]H_2(g)[/tex]
Answer:
The correct answer is option a.
Explanation:
[tex]2H_2S+CH_4\rightleftharpoons CS_2(g)+4H_2(g)[/tex]
The equilibrium constant of the reaction= [tex]K_c=3.4\times 10^{-4}[/tex]
Concentration of the species initially:
[tex][H_2S]=\frac{0.10 mol}{1.0 L}=0.10 M[/tex]
[tex][CH_4]=\frac{0.10 mol}{1.0 L}=0.10 M[/tex]
[tex][CS_2]=\frac{0.10 mol}{1.0 L}=0.10 M[/tex]
[tex][H_2]=\frac{0.10 mol}{1.0 L}=0.10 M[/tex]
The equilibrium quotient of the reaction is :
[tex]Q_c=\frac{[CS_2][H_2]^4}{[H_2S]^2[CH_4]}[/tex]
[tex]=\frac{(0.10M)(0.10 M)^4}{(0.10 M)^2(0.10 M)}=0.01[/tex]
[tex]Q_c>K_c[/tex] (reaction will go backward)
[tex]2H_2S+CH_4\rightleftharpoons CS_2(g)+4H_2(g)[/tex]
Initially
0.10 M 0.10 M 0.10 M 0.10 M
At Equilibrium :
(0.10+2x) M (0.10+x) M (0.10-x) M (0.10-4x) M
[tex]K_c=\frac{[CS_2][H_2]^4}{[H_2S]^2[CH_4]}[/tex]
[tex]3.4\times 10^{-4}=\frac{(0.10-x)(0.10-4x)^4}{(0.10+2x)^2(0.10+x)}[/tex]
Solving formx:
x = 0.099 M
As we can see that from the reaction at equilibrium, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide will be highest:
[tex]=[H_2S]=(0.10+2x) M=(0.10+2\times 0.099) M=0.298 M[/tex]
The highest concentration at equilibrium has been of hydrogen sulfide. Thus, option A is correct.
The moles of reactants in the reaction has been 0.10 mol for each reactant. The balanced equation for the reaction has been:
[tex]\rm 2\;H_2S\;+\;CH_4\;\leftrightharpoons CS_2\;+\;4\;H_2[/tex]
The equilibrium quotient Q, for the reaction, has been given as:
[tex]Q=\dfrac{[CS_2]\;[H_2]^4}{[H_2S]^2\;[CH_4]}[/tex]
Computation for Equilibrium quotient :The equilibrium concentration of the reaction has been given in the image attached.
The initial value of equilibrium quotient, Qi has been:
[tex]Q_i=\dfrac{[0.1]\;\times\;[0.1]^4}{[0.1]^2\;[0.1]} \\Q_i=0.01[/tex]
The initial value of equilibrium quotient has been 0.01.
The equilibrium quotient, Ke value for equilibrium concentration:
[tex]3.4\;\times\;10 ^-^4=\dfrac{[0.10-x]\;[0.10-4x]^4}{[0.10+2x]^2\;[0.10 +x]} \\x=0.099\;M[/tex]
The concentration of compounds at equilibrium has been highest for hydrogen sulfide that is 0.298 M.
Thus, the highest concentration at equilibrium has been of hydrogen sulfide. Thus, option A is correct.
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A sample of 8.4 grams of NaOH is dissolved into 620 mL of aqueous 0.250 M NaOH (assume no volume change). This solution is then poured into 1.65 gallons of water. (You may assume that the two volumes can be added.) What is the concentration of NaOH in the final solution
Answer:
The concentration of NaOH in the final solution 0.0584 mole/lit
Explanation:
[tex]moles of NaOH =[/tex] [tex]\frac{Weight}{Molecular weight}[/tex] [tex]=\frac{8.4}{40}=0.21 mole[/tex]620 ml of aqueous 0.25 M NaOH [tex]=0.25X 620 = 0.155mole[/tex]Total moles = 0.21 + 0.155 = 0.365 moles1.65 gallons = 3.785 lit x 1.65 = 6.245929 lit (∵ 1 gallon = 3.785 lit)[tex]Molarity =\frac{No. of moles}{Volume(lit)}[/tex]So Molarity of the solution after mixing [tex]=\frac{0.365}{6.245929} = 0.0584 (M)[/tex]
∴ The concentration of NaOH in the final solution 0.0584 mole/lit
The concentration of NaOH in the final solution is thus 0.0531 M.
To determine the concentration of NaOH in the final solution after 8.4 grams of NaOH are dissolved into 620 mL of 0.250 M NaOH solution, which is then mixed into 1.65 gallons of water, follow these steps:
First, calculate the moles of NaOH initially dissolved. Knowing NaOH has a molar mass of 40.0 g/mol, 8.4 g of NaOH translates to 0.21 moles of NaOH.
Add the moles from the initial 620 mL of 0.250 M solution. That will be 0.250 moles/L * 0.62 L = 0.155 moles.
Combine the moles from both sources for a total of 0.365 moles of NaOH.
Convert 1.65 gallons of water to liters (1 gallon = 3.78541 L), making 1.65 gallons equal to 6.245 liters. Adding this to the initial 0.62 L yields a total final volume of 6.865 liters.
Finally, calculate the final concentration by dividing the total moles of NaOH by the final volume of solution in liters to find the molarity of the final solution.
The concentration of NaOH in the final solution is thus 0.0531 M.
22. Complete and balance the following acid-base equations: (a) A aqueous solution of HClO4 is added to an aqueous solution of LiOH. (b) Aqueous H2SO4 reacts with aqueous NaOH. (c) Ba(OH)2 solid reacts with HF gas.
Answer:
Answers are in the explanation
Explanation:
An acid-base equation in general is the reaction between an acid and a base that produce water and a salt. Thus:
a) HClO₄(aq) + LiOH(aq) → LiClO₄(aq) + H₂O(l)
Acid + Base → Salt + Water
b) H₂SO₄(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → Na₂SO₄(aq) + 2H₂O(l)
Acid + Base → Salt + Water
c) 2HF(g) + Ba(OH)₂(s) → BaF₂ + 2H₂O
Acid + Base → Salt + Water
I hope it helps!
Classify each of the following possible reactions according to whether a precipitate will form or will not form.
1.) KI+NaCl
2.) Na3PO4+CoCl2
3.) Na2CO3+CuCl2
4.) LiNO3+Na2SO4
5.) CrCl2+Li2CO3
The reactions Na3PO4+CoCl2, Na2CO3+CuCl2 and CrCl2+Li2CO3 produce precipitates.
A precipitate is said to be formed when reaction of two aqueous solutions produces an insoluble product. The insoluble solid product separates from the solution and is called a precipitate.
The full reactions are written below;
KI(aq) + NaCl(aq) ----> KCl(aq) + NaI(aq) 2Na3PO4(aq) + 3CoCl2(aq) ------> Co3(PO4)2(s) + 6NaCl(aq) Na2CO3(aq) + CuCl2(aq) -------> CuCO3(s) + 2NaCl(aq)2LiNO3(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) -------> Li2(SO4)(aq) + 2NaNO3(aq)CrCl2(aq) + Li2CO3(aq) -------> CrCO3(s) + 2LiCl(aq)Hence, the reactions;
2Na3PO4(aq) + 3CoCl2(aq) ------> Co3(PO4)2(s) + 6NaCl(aq) Na2CO3(aq) + CuCl2(aq) -------> CuCO3(s) + 2NaCl(aq)CrCl2(aq) + Li2CO3(aq) -------> CrCO3(s) + 2LiCl(aq)Produce precipitates.
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To determine if a precipitate will form or not, we need to consult solubility rules. By analyzing the compounds in each reaction, we can determine whether they contain soluble or insoluble ions. Based on this analysis, we can classify each reaction as either forming a precipitate or not.
Explanation:In order to determine if a precipitate will form or not, we need to consult solubility rules. According to the solubility rules, compounds containing Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, and NH4+ cations, as well as compounds containing NO3- and C2H3O2- anions, are generally soluble. On the other hand, compounds containing Cl-, Br-, I-, CO32-, and most O2- anions are insoluble, except when paired with the mentioned cations. By applying these rules, we can analyze each reaction:
KI + NaCl: Both KI and NaCl contain soluble ions, so no precipitate will form.Na3PO4 + CoCl2: Since both compounds contain soluble ions, no precipitate will form.Na2CO3 + CuCl2: Na2CO3 contains a soluble ion (Na+), but CuCl2 contains insoluble ions. Thus, a precipitate of CuCO3 will form.LiNO3 + Na2SO4: Both LiNO3 and Na2SO4 contain soluble ions, so no precipitate will form.CrCl2 + Li2CO3: CrCl2 contains soluble ions, but Li2CO3 contains insoluble ions. Therefore, a precipitate of LiCl will form.Learn more about Classifying Reactions here:https://brainly.com/question/21392527
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Woody plants evolve in the mid-Paleozoic Era. A. atmospheric CO2 increases B. atmospheric CO2 decreases C. There is no change in atmospheric CO2 levels.
Answer:
A. atmospheric CO2 increases
Explanation:
The concentration of CO2 during the Paleozoic era was much higher than the current one, due to geographical factors, but not the chemical composition of the air, which should have been more important in increasing this gas.
The highest concentrations of CO2 during the Paleozoic era occurred during the Cambrian, approximately 7000 ppm (18 times higher than current measurements). During the Late Ordovic Period the CO2 concentration was approximately 12 times higher than the current ones, with a value of 4400 ppm. These high concentrations of CO2 favored the plants colonizing the continents and thus affecting the world climate.
0.055 grams of PbSO4 is dissolved in 200.00 grams of H2O.
1. What is the mass of the total solution?
2. What is the concentration of the PbSO4 in ppm?
Answer:
Solution's mass = 200.055 g
[PbSO₄] = 275 ppm
Explanation:
Solute mass = 0.055 g of lead(II) sulfate
Solvent mass = 200 g of water
Solution mass = Solvent mass + Solution mass
0.055 g + 200 g = 200.055 g
ppm = μg of solute / g of solution
We convert the mass of solute from g to μg
0.055 g . 1×10⁶ μg/ 1g = 5.5×10⁴μg
5.5×10⁴μg / 200.055 g = 275 ppm
ppm can also be determined as mg of solute / kg of solution
It is important that the relation is 1×10⁻⁶
Let's verify: 0.055 g = 55 mg
200.055 g = 0.200055 kg
55 mg / 0.200055 kg = 275 ppm
Which will evaporate more quickly: 55 mLmL of water in a beaker with a diameter of 4.5 cmcm, or 55 mLmL of water in a dish with a diameter of 12 cmcm ?
Explanation:
More is the surface area of water comes in contact with the atmosphere or its surrounding more readily it will evaporate.
So, when 55 mL of water in a beaker with a diameter of 4.5 cm is placed then due to the small diameter of the beaker less surface area is in contact with the atmosphere.
But when 55 mL of water in a dish with a diameter of 12 cm is placed then it has larger diameter as compared to 4.5 cm diameter. Therefore, water in a beaker of 12 cm diameter will evaporate more quickly.
Thus, we can conclude that water in 55 mL of water in a dish with a diameter of 12 cm will evaporate more quickly.
The larger the surface area exposed to air, the faster the rate of evaporation. Therefore, a dish with a larger diameter will allow water to evaporate more quickly than a beaker with a smaller diameter while holding the same volume of liquid.
Explanation:The 55 mL of water will evaporate more quickly in the dish with a diameter of 12 cm. This is because evaporation is a surface phenomenon - it depends on the surface area exposed to air. In this case, the dish with a more significant diameter will have a larger surface area exposed to air, leading to faster evaporation.
An analogy might be to consider two scenarios: the first is pouring a cup of coffee into a narrow, high cylinder and the second is into a broad, low dish. Both containers might have the same volume, but the surface area is significantly different. The coffee in the broad dish is more exposed and will cool faster due to a higher degree of evaporation.
Just as the coffee cools in the broad dish, the water in the dish with the larger diameter will evaporate more quickly. While volume might be constant in both the beaker and the dish, the shape and structure of the container significantly impact the rate of evaporation.
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In Keynes's liquidity preference framework, as the expected return on bonds increases (holding everything else unchanged), the expected return on money ________, causing the demand for ________ to fall.
Answer:
the correct words to fill up the blank spaces are falls and money
Explanation:
.1. the expected return on money falls
.2. causing the demand for money to fall.
A solution is a mixture containing particles that settles out of the mixture if left undisturbed. True or False
Explanation:
A solution comprises of a homogeneous mixture that means it is composed of one phase (e.g., solid, liquid, gas).Particles do not settle out of in the mixture of a solution and are not visible to our eyes.Components of a solution cannot be separated by using any simple processes like mechanical filtration. Therefore, the given statement is False.Calculate the energy required to change the temperature of 1.00 kg of ethane (C2H6) from 25.0"C to 73.4"C in a rigid vessel. (Cv for C2H6 is 44.60 J K%1 mol%1.) Calculate the energy required for this same temperature
To find the energy required to heat 1.00 kg of ethane from 25.0°C to 73.4°C, one must calculate the number of moles of ethane, determine the temperature change, and apply the formula Q = n • Cv • ΔT using the given specific heat capacity at constant volume (Cv).
Explanation:The question pertains to the calculation of energy required for a temperature change in ethane (C2H6) and is based on thermodynamic principles involving heat, enthalpy, and specific heat capacities. To calculate the energy required to change the temperature of 1.00 kg of ethane from 25.0°C to 73.4°C in a rigid vessel, we need the specific heat capacity at constant volume (Cv) and the molar mass of ethane to convert the mass to moles. The energy, Q, needed for the temperature change is given by Q = n • Cv • ΔT, where n is the number of moles, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
First, calculate the number of moles (n) of ethane: its molar mass is 30.07 g/mol (add the atomic masses of 2 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms). Given that we have 1.00 kg (or 1000 g) of ethane, divide 1000 g by 30.07 g/mol to find n. Then, use ΔT = 73.4°C - 25.0°C to find the temperature change. Finally, plug these values into the equation Q = n • Cv • ΔT with the given Cv of 44.60 J/K·mol to calculate the required energy in joules.
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The energy required to change the temperature of 1.00 kg of ethane (C₂H₆) from 25.0°C to 73.4°C in a rigid vessel is 71622 J.
To calculate the energy required to change the temperature of 1.00 kg of ethane (C₂H₆) from 25.0°C to 73.4°C in a rigid vessel, we need to use the specific heat capacity at constant volume ([tex]C_v[/tex]) and the number of moles of ethane.
Given:
Mass of ethane (m) = 1.00 kgInitial temperature (T₁) = 25.0°CFinal temperature (T₂) = 73.4°CMolar specific heat capacity at constant volume ([tex]C_v[/tex]) = 44.60 J/K/molMolar mass of ethane [tex](\text{C}_2\text{H}_6) = 30.07 g/mol[/tex]Step-by-Step Calculation
1. Convert the mass of ethane to moles:
[tex]n = \frac{m}{M}[/tex]
where
m is the mass of ethane in grams,M is the molar mass of ethane.[tex]n = \frac{1000 \, \text{g}}{30.07 \, \text{g/mol}} \\\\n \approx 33.25 \, \text{mol}[/tex]
2. Calculate the temperature change:
[tex]\Delta T = T_2 - T_1 \\\\\Delta T = 73.4^\circ\text{C} - 25.0^\circ\text{C}\\\\\Delta T = 48.4 \, \text{K}[/tex]
3. Calculate the energy required using the formula:
[tex]Q = n \cdot C_v \cdot \Delta T[/tex]
where
Q is the energy required,n is the number of moles,[tex]C_v[/tex] is the molar specific heat capacity at constant volume,ΔT is the temperature change.[tex]Q = 33.25 \, \text{mol} \cdot 44.60 \, \text{J/K/mol} \cdot 48.4 \, \text{K}\\\\Q \approx 33.25 \cdot 44.60 \cdot 48.4\\\\Q \approx 71621.9 \, \text{J}[/tex]
So, the energy required to change the temperature of 1.00 kg of ethane from 25.0°C to 73.4°C in a rigid vessel is approximately:
[tex]Q \approx 71622 \, \text{J}[/tex]
The energy required is 71622 J.
Hydrochloric acid is purchased in 12 molar concentrations. If I needed 200 ml of 2.0 molar HCl, how many milliliters of the concentrated solution would I need
Answer:
The answer to your question is 33.3 ml
Explanation:
Data
Stock solution 12M
Volume 2 = 200 ml
Concentration 2 = 2 M
Volume stock = ?
Process
1.- Use the formula for dilutions
C1V1 = C2 V2
- Solve for V1
V1 = C2V2 / C1
2.- Substitution
V1 = (2)(200) / 12
- Simplification
V1 = 400 / 12
3.- Result
V1 = 33.3 ml
4.- Conclusion
We need 33.3 ml of the concentrated solution.
A student performs an experiment to determine the density of a sugar solution. She obtains the following results: 1.11 g/mL, 1.81 g/mL, 1.95 g/mL, 1.75 g/mL. If the actual value for the density of the sugar solution is 1.75 g/mL, which statement below best describes her results?
A) Her results are precise, but not accurate.
B) Her results are accurate, but not precise.
C) Her results are both precise and accurate
D) Her results are neither precise nor accurate.
E) It isn't possible to determine with the information given.
The answer is D, I don't know why they choose D?
Answer:
D. her results are neither precise, nor accurate
Explanation:
Reason being that: First, she obtained four different result for an experiment ( obviously it's supposed to be one value for the different procedure or atleast very close range) sugar solution and all four values were far apart.
Final answer:
The student's density measurements of a sugar solution were neither precise nor accurate because they varied widely from each other and, except one value, they also differed significantly from the known actual density value.
Explanation:
When a student performs an experiment to determine the density of a sugar solution and obtains results that vary greatly from the actual value, we must assess the precision and accuracy of the measurements. Accuracy refers to how close each measurement is to the true value, in this case, the actual density of 1.75 g/mL. Precision indicates how close the measurements are to each other, regardless of how close they are to the actual value.
In this scenario, the student's results show one measurement that is the same as the known actual value (1.75 g/mL), suggesting a single instance of accuracy. Therefore, the statement that best describes the student's results is that they are neither precise nor accurate, which corresponds to option D.
Which of the soutions would have the HIGHEST hydrogen ion concentration?
Solution with a pH = 1
Solution with a pH = 12
Solution with a pH = 7
Solution with a pH = 9
Solution with a pH = 5
Answer:
Solution with a pH = 1
Explanation:
So the pH equation is pH = -log[H+]. To get the [H+] (hydrogen ion concentration), you rearrange to get [H+] = 10^-pH.
Solution with a pH = 1 , [H+] = .1 M
Solution with a pH = 12 , [H+] = 1*10^-12 M
Solution with a pH = 7 , [H+] = 1*10^-7 M
Solution with a pH = 9 , [H+] = 1*10^-9 M
Solution with a pH = 5, [H+] = 1*10^-5 M
Another way to get the answer: a high hydrogen ion concentration means that the solution should be more acidic. The most acidic pH of the 5 solutions is the one with a pH = 1.
Final answer:
The solution with a pH of 1 would have the highest hydrogen ion concentration, indicating it is the most acidic among the given options.
Explanation:
Out of the provided pH values, which solution would have the highest concentration of hydrogen ions? An indicator of how basic or acidic a solution is is the pH scale. High pH solutions are more basic, whereas low pH solutions are more acidic.
Because the pH scale is logarithmic, every pH value below 7 is ten times more acidic than the value immediately above it. For the options given, a pH of 1 indicates the highest acidity, implying the highest hydrogen ion concentration. This is due to the following relationship: pH = -log[H₃O⁺], where [H₃O⁺] represents the hydrogen ion concentration.
Therefore, a solution with a pH of 1 has a hydrogen ion concentration of 1.0 x 10⁻¹M, and is acidic.
In each case of a chemical reaction shown below, state the indicator of the chemical reaction. Identifying Indicators of Chemical Reactions Bread dough rising
Bread dough rises due to the formation of gas.
Explanation:
If we observe the outer part of the bread, which contains tiny hole like structure, due to the gas formation inside the bread dough.In the bread dough rising process, the industries are using the yeast, which makes the gas that separates the protein particles in the bread move apart and makes the dough of the bread rise.In this reaction, the yeast utilizing the carbohydrate to make a gas namely carbon-di-oxide gas which makes the dough to riseThe collapse point is an indicator of sufficient Bread dough rise.
Discussion;
When yeast is added to water and flour to create dough, it eats up the sugars in the flour and in turn produces carbon dioxide gas and ethanol in a process termed fermentation.
The elastic protein, gluten in the dough traps the carbon dioxide gas, preventing it from escaping.
In essence, the bread volume increases as the dough rises.
The collapse point is an indicator of sufficient dough rise.
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