Answer:
observational learning
Explanation:
Observational learning is a behavioral process of learning that involves observing the behavior of others, retaining the observed information and then applying repeating what one has learned through observation.
Cesar crediting his grandfather with being a model for his undertsanding of dogs is an example of observational learning because he observed how his father behaved around dogs and through this he was able to gain an understanding by watching his grandfather.
Answer: Observational learning
Explanation: Observational learning can be explained as a learning process acquired by being attentive to details such as behavior, action and reaction, emotional expression or language and other gestures which precedes or succeeds a behavior. The individual whose behavior is being observed and learnt is called the model. A model could be an individual's parent, guardian, relative or a social personality who possess a certain attribute or character which is learnt or modeled by others.
In the scenario above, Cesar acquired his understanding of dogs from his father, Here his father is the model through which Cesar's understanding of dogs was learnt.
In developing his theory of cognitive development, Schaie focused on changes in the way adults _________ information rather than looking at changes in the way adults _______ information.
The correct answer is use; understand
The theoretical model planted by Schaie is based on the fulfillment of motivational objectives over the life cycle that answered the three questions previously explained: what do I need to know? How do you practice ?; Why is that what? Under these three premises, Shaie proposes 7 stages of cognitive development.
People who are old enough most likely remember September 11, 2001, the fateful day that over two thousand people died in the terrorist attacks on New York City's World Trade Center, the Pentagon in Washington, and in the flight that aborted in Pennsylvania. Describe the memory effect that explains why people are likely to remember this day.
Answer: People are likely to remember this event due to the FLASHBULB MEMORY effect.
The reason why people are likely to remember these events so vividly can be explained through a memory phenomenon called flashbulb memory.
Flashbulb memory can be defined as a memory of a significant and extremely emotional moment or event. It is a highly detailed, exceptionally vivid 'snapshot' in which a surprising event or memory was learned about.
A fixed standard based on a minimum level of subsistence below which families should not be expected to exist is called a. scapegoating. b. absolute deprivation. c. relative deprivation. d. total discrimination.
Answer:
absolute deprivation.
Explanation:
Absolute deprivation is simply described as a minimum level of need to make an individual capable of living and actively participating in society. Often used synonymous with absolute poverty, it means the lack of the adequate resources needed to meet the basic necessities of life. These basic necessities refer to a minimum threshold of a set of supplies which often include food, housing, education, clean water, clothing, and health care.
As a therapist, Dr. Schwindt often uses operant conditioning techniques in treating her clients. She also shows her clients unconditional positive regard, empathy, and genuineness, and analyzes the transference relationship between herself and each client. Dr. Schwindt's therapeutic approach is best described as ____.
a. psychoanalytic
b. client-centered
c. behavioral
d. eclectic
Answer:
The correct answer is letter "D": eclectic.
Explanation:
In Psychology, Eclectic Therapy is an approach that combines different therapeutical methods according to the patient's needs, goals, and expectations. Eclectic Therapy maximizes the knowledge of the therapist by avoiding using only one method of conducting the therapy but implementing parts of different practices that may suit each patient's treatment.
Final answer:
Dr. Schwindt's therapeutic approach is eclectic as it integrates operant conditioning techniques, client-centered elements, and psychoanalytic concepts.
Explanation:
Dr. Schwindt's therapeutic approach is best described as eclectic. This approach combines methods from different schools of thought, which is evident in her use of operant conditioning techniques, associated with behaviorism, and her incorporation of client-centered elements like unconditional positive regard, empathy, and genuineness, which stem from the humanistic approach of Carl Rogers. Additionally, analyzing the transference relationship between the therapist and the client also touches upon psychoanalytic concepts, further supporting the classification of her approach as eclectic.
(Korean) Korean is a 'language isolate,' meaning that it is not linguistically related to other languages. In the following Korean words, you will find the sounds [s] and [(sh)]. Answer all parts of the question below on the following data from Koren:
a. [(sh)i] 'poem' j. [sal] 'flesh'
b. [mi(sh)in] 'superstition' k. [kasu] 'singer'
c. [(sh)inmun] 'newspaper' l. [sanmun] 'prose'
d. [(th)aksa(ng)(sh)ige] 'clock' m. [kasAl] 'hypothesis'
e. [(sh)ilsu] 'mistake' n. [miso] 'smile'
f. [o(sh)ip] 'fifty' o. [susek] 'search'
g. [pa(ng)(sh)ik] 'method' p. [tapsa] 'exploration'
h. [(kan(sh)ik] 'snack' q. [so] 'cow'
i. [ka(sh)i] 'thorn'
Examine the phones [s] and [(sh)].
i. Write out the distributions for these two phones; that is, list the specific phonetic environments in which they occur.
ii. What sort of distribution is present between these two phones: contrastive or complementary
Answer:
No minimal pairs.
Environment [ s ] : beginning; inside.
Environment [ ʃ ] : beginning; inside.
Before [ s ] : [k], [l], [a], [I], [u].
After [ s ] : [a], [u], [I], [ə], [e].
Before [ ʃ ] : [I], [ŋ], [o], [n], [a].
After [ ʃ ] : [i].
The sounds [n], and [ ʃ ] are two allophones of same phoneme, they are in a complimentary distribution: [ʃ] appears only after [I], whereas, [s] appears everywhere else. Hence, y/sy/ must be the basic phoneme.
Answer:
Korean is spoken in Korea.
And the distribution sort is complementary.
Explanation:
An allophone is a variant pronunciations for a phoneme.
i. Korean is spoken in Korea, we see from the following Korean words above that [ʃ] and [s] are allophones of the same phoneme – since they are in complementary distribution.
ii. The question above outlined the basic allophone is [s] and the derived allophone is [ʃ].
It is also observable that the sound [ʃ] occurs before [i], and [s] occurs elsewhere.
When the sound of the word is the aspect that cannot be retrieved, leaving only the feeling of knowing the word without the ability to pronounce it, this is known as __________.
Answer:
The tip of the tongue effect
Explanation:
When the sound of the word is the aspect that cannot be retrieved, leaving only the feeling of knowing the word without the ability to pronounce it, this is known as the tip of the tongue effect and this effects refers to the experience of feeling confident that one knows an answer, yet is unable to produce the word for example in conversation or writing, most people have had the occasional experience of trying, but failing to retrieve someone's name or a word from memory.
Janine was convicted of a felony, as was Troy. Both defendants were convicted of the same crime and under similar situations. Because she is a female, Janine is likely to receive _____ Troy.
Answer:
A lighter sentence than
Explanation:
Studies and cases over time has shown that women tend to receive lighter punishments than men even when they commit the same crime.
The judges most times tends to be lenient with women when dishing out judgement
Game Play As an adventurer, you will be concerned with three things: (1) reaching some stated goal, (2) collecting some random trinket (e.g., gold pieces), and (3) protecting some personal resource (e.g., keeping a health level above 0).
Answer:
As a gamer who tries to experience the visuals of the different environments and follows the very specific pathway to reach a certain goal or objective inside the game. While, the given pathway provides different levels and forms of experiences for the gamer.But, we can just say any person who is playing a game will experience the level of environment that is been visualized on software plate form. As, each game is comprised of different units, components or fragments, and themes that characterizes the whole story line of the game play.As, a person is required to have the knowledge about the three basic terms when we are meant to play a game,Reaching some stated goal.Collecting some random trinket (e.g., gold pieces).Protecting some personal resource (e.g., keeping a health level above 0).
Jefferson has taken three of his clients for a round of golf at his golf club. Here they play golf, relax, and discuss topics from politics to the latest product ideas. Jefferson is sure to answer his clients’ questions and highlight his company’s various products that could be used in their various companies. After the round of golf, the group walks out to the parking lot, and Jefferson is able to customize prices for each of the clients separately. What potential ethical dilemmas did Jefferson put himself in?
Jefferson puts himself in three potential ethical dilemmas - conflict of interest through gift-giving, potential misuse of sensitive topical information, and price discrimination among various clients.
Explanation:Jefferson faces certain potential ethical dilemmas in the described scenario. The first is the potential for conflict of interest. By inviting clients to a round of golf, he is potentially offering gifts to influence their decision, which could be seen as a form of bribery. Second, by discussing sensitive topics such as politics, he may be putting himself in a position where he might use this information improperly. The third ethical dilemma emerges when Jefferson customizes the prices for each client separately, which suggests potential favoritism and could be seen as a form of price discrimination.
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While selecting a test to use in his private practice, Kent discovered that a particular test was not very consistent or stable over time. In other words, a test-taker’s score varied each time he or she took it. Kent can most likely infer that:
Answer:. Kent is most likely to infer that "THE TEST HAS POOR EVIDENCE OF RELIABILITY"
Explanation: For Kent to discover that a particular test is not stable or consistent over time, that means that the test result changes with time. Therefore the test result is not reliable and cannot be categorized.
According to evidential proof of Truth, which states that a statement can only be true, if they is a valid evidence to that statement. Because the result of this test changes with time, they will be no valid evidence to proof a result from such test to be true. This shows that the test has poor evidence to rely on the result to be true.
g Explain Locke's view that we can have knowledge of an external world despite our being directly aware only of sense data. Do you agree with him, or do you side with his critics who say that we can know only the contents of our minds?
Locke understood the world as an extension of our consciousness.
Explanation:
John Locke's beliefs about human consciousness and our understanding of the world that surrounds us is very influential in the development of western thought. He was a prime liberal thinker.
He is seen as the father of liberalism because he believed that humans have the innate ability to make sense of the world around them and to live in harmony in an egalitarian society by questioning their own knowledge that they have.
John Locke argued that while we are directly aware only of sense data, the external world's existence can be inferred through the consistent and predictable nature of our sensory experiences. Despite skepticism, Locke's empiricist view suggests that our experiences provide reliable knowledge of an external world beyond our subjective perceptions.
John Locke's view on our knowledge of the external world begins with the belief that our minds are a blank slate (“tabula rasa”) at birth, and that all our knowledge comes from experience. This experience is obtained through sensation and reflection, wherein our senses provide data from the external world, and our minds reflect on these sensations to form ideas. Locke distinguished between “primary” qualities, which exist independently of our perception (like shape and motion), and “secondary” qualities, which are dependent on our perception (like color and taste). He argued that even though we are directly aware only of our sense data, the consistency and predictability of these sensations allow us to infer the existence of an external world beyond our subjective experiences.
5. Professor Tilton measured the variable "feelings toward drafting women" with the categories strongly agree, agree, indifferent, disagree, and strongly disagree. Professor Tilton was using the ____ level of measurement
Answer:
ordinal
Explanation:
Professor Tilton measured the variable "feelings toward drafting women" with the categories strongly agree, agree, indifferent, disagree, and strongly disagree. Professor Tilton was using the ordinal level of measurement
Answer:
The answer is the ordinal level of measurement.
Explanation:
The ordinal level of measurement is related to rank order. It means that data can be sorted. However, there is no relative degree of difference between them. The ordinal level allows to put different events in order.
Rank orders are a representation of ordinal scales and they are usually utilized in research concerning qualitative phenomena. Ordinal scales only allow to rank items from highest to lowest, as well as ordinal measures are not related to absolute values.
Big Drop Inc. wants to increase employee productivity by eliminating layers of management and changing reporting relationships, as well as cutting staff through layoffs and early retirement buyout programs. This is an example of _____.
The correct answer is organizational restructuring
Organizational Restructuring aims to organize the company to offer a quality structure to its customers, but with a different focus from the Process Redesign. While the redesign involves all the company's processes, the restructuring addresses the organization of the organization's employees, that is, with the positions and hierarchies.
An Organizational Restructuring project goes through a thorough analysis of all the current positions in the company, identifying which are the existing positions, which need to be changed and eventually, which do not exist, but which need to be created. A document describing in detail the functions, responsibilities, degree of hierarchy, subordinates and title of positions, are normally part of this work as a way of making the changes and making clear the activities and responsibilities of each employee.
Sandy is sitting in her room worrying about finals. She suddenly begins thinking about her finals in relation to her failed driver’s test a few years before and panics even more. Why did Sandy think of these two things together?
Sandy's current tension brought back an earlier time when she had experienced comparable stress. Due to her current test-related stress, Sandy is reliving a previous instance of test-related stress, which is known as mood congruence.
What is mood congruence?A psychological phenomenon known as the mood congruency effect shows that people tend to retain information that corresponds with their current mood. Additionally, memories that fit a person's attitude at the moment are more likely to come to mind.
Contrarily, mood incongruence happens when the person's responses or emotional state seem to be at odds with the circumstance. Hallucinations and delusions in the context of psychosis can be categorized as mood incongruent or congruent
To put it simply, when you're happy, you're more likely to remember joyful memories, whereas when you're sad, you're more likely to recall sad and gloomy occurrences.
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One way to detect fraud in research is to ____. a. replicate the study b. verify all the citations in the study c. look for a floor effect d. look for a ceiling effect
Answer:
a. replicate the study
Explanation:
One way to detect fraud in research is to replicate the study. Replication involves carrying out a similar study under similar experimental conditions. Replication of study is useful for some reasons which include; a test of validity or reliability of the previous results, determination of generalizability or the role of extraneous variables among others. When a study is replicated and the results are similar to those obtained in the previous study, such result can be termed reliable and valid. However, if on several replications, the obtained results differs from those of the initial study, it is an indication of fraud.
Replicating the study is one technique to identify research fraud. Replication entails conducting a similar investigation under comparable experimental circumstances. Hence option A is correct.
A study's validity or reliability can be tested, and the generalizability of the results, as well as the contribution of auxiliary factors, can all be determined through a study's replication.
When a study is repeated and the findings are consistent with the earlier study's findings, the results are said to be reliable and valid. However, it is a sign of fraud if, after numerous replications, the resulting results diverge from those of the original study.
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Your son comes home from kindergarten talking about a very sick classmate who has "sticky blood that is funny-shaped." You wonder if this classmate might have
A) cystic fibrosis.
B) Huntington's disease.
C) sickle cell disease.
D) trisomy X.
China has a one-child policy that encourages families to only have one child. Families who have more children may face fines and other restrictions. The policy has been successful in slowing population growth in the country. Do you think policies like this are a good idea?
Answer:
Policies are subjective
Explanation:
The China one-child policy was introduced after ten years of implementing the two-child policy. The one-child policy was implemented to slow down population growth and manage the number of persons that were being born. This was done by providing birth control options namely, contraceptives, sterilization, abortions and adoptions to prevent over 400 million births. The policy did not include the minorities and ingenious people who were allowed to have two children or those that gave birth to a girl on their first try. This policy is misunderstood and hotly contested by many but as of 2008 over 76% of the persons surveyed in China were in support of such a policy.
Answer and explanation:
The setting of policies depends on the situation that forces creating them. They are neither good or bad. In China's situation, in particular, the one-child policy was established to slow its population growth. From 1950 to 1979 China's population almost doubled from 540 million to 969 million. It was in 1979 when the one-child policy was enacted.
The country's birth rate in 2019 declined by 2% from 2018. There are approximately 12 births per 1000 people in China. In 1979 China's average Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was 5% per year. In 2010 its GDP reached a peak of 10%.
Thus, the one-child policy in China's case seems to be successful. However, it does not imply that establishing the same measure in another country will have positive results.
Imagine that a friend has just read a magazine article that discusses flashbulb memories, and your friend argues that people retain a very clear memory of certain emotional events. What would you respond?
Answer:
"No, the article overstates the case; these memories can be inaccurate and can fade with time."
Explanation:
Flashbulb memories are those memories that are learned so shocking and surprising memories. It creates and seemingly the true memory of the learning that is accurate. It is about the event vent but not the event itself.
In old days we captured the photo and after captured the photo flash get off and that moment captured in the picture is called a type of flashbulb memory example. The flashbulb memories are the autobiographical memories.
A small town in West Texas declares that only professed Christians can work for the city or serve in city government. Would this action be constitutional
A small town in West Texas declares that only professed Christians can work for the city or serve in city government. The act can not be considered a constitution as it spread discrimination.
What is Constitution?A constitution is a fundamental document that defines rules and regulations, laws and legislation as well as the power and authority of the government to conduct the functioning of any country.
The constitution defines some elements like equality, justice, and freedom for each and every citizen of the country and allows them some rights and responsibilities.
It prevents discrimination in society on the basis of caste, education, social status as well as gender and provides equal treatment and opportunities to citizens.
In the given case it entails that "only professed Christians can work for the city or serve in city government" which reflects discrimination in the society and consider unconstitutional.
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A young professor becomes obsessed with the latest release of Halo and completely loses sight of his research commitment to his colleagues, falling hopelessly behind schedule and consuming 80% of the department's computing budget. Addictive behavior notwithstanding, this sad tale would never have happened had ___________.
Answer:
Trend monitoring been regularly performed.
Explanation:
A young professor becomes obsessed with the latest release of Halo and completely loses sight of his research commitment to his colleagues, falling hopelessly behind schedule and consuming 80% of the department's computing budget. Addictive behavior notwithstanding, this sad tale would never have happened had trend monitoring been regularly performed.
Answer:
Control checks, process monitoring and proper performance analysis been put in place.
Explanation:
The case of the young professor is obviously the case of misplace priorities.
But for better clarity, let us define what a control check is, process monitoring and performance analysis:
Control checks: This is basically the process of periodically testing the effectiveness of a process to make sure it is performing or acting as designed.
Process Monitoring: This is basically the process of evaluating the extent of utilization of available resources against the level of actualization of set goals. It is basically a stage where we confirm if the level of available resources of been utilized judiciously.
Performance Analysis: This stage is relatively related to process monitoring. However, it is a continuum of the previous stages. it is a phase where we evaluate the performance of the individual undertaking the project against set objectives. This stage has to do more with the personnel involves in the project while process monitoring has to do more with the tools being used.
Relating this back to the question asked, if these there parameters were initially put in place, the sad tale would never had happened.
1) Visceral pain is poorly localized and can be perceived to originate from a region of the body that is different from it's actual location; this is called A) latency. B) tonic reception. C) analgesia. D) adaptation. E) referred pain.
Answer:
E. referred pain.
Explanation:
Referred pain -
It refers to the recognized location of pain , rather than the original site of pain , is referred to as the referred pain .
The condition arises due to the network of interconnecting sensory nerves .
As on the site of injury , various nerves surrounding it gets disrupted and therefore , the signals from the nerves reaching the brain becomes disturbed .
Hence , from the given information of the question ,
The correct answer is E. referred pain .
A researcher is testing a new drug for a condition that has no existing effective treatments. A sample of people with the condition is recruited and randomly divided into two groups – treatment (which receives the new drug) and control (which receives a placebo). The placebo looks exactly like the real drug but it does not contain the active ingredients, and the participants do not know which they are receiving. To ensure this study is ethical, what needs to be included in the research procedures?
Answer: For the study on drugs for the two parties to be ethical ,the following needs to be included in the research procedures.
Identify the Problem.
Review the Literature. Clarify the Problem. Clearly Define Terms and Concepts. . Define the Population. Develop the Instrumentation Plan.
Collect Data. Analyze the Data.
Explanation: The listed points are very essential for any research study . Companies like Pfizer, Novartis, Danone etc. Make use of this process in their research processes.
Some authors claim that ethics in human research is different from ethics in clinical practice. The doctor's obligations to his patient would be different from those of the researcher to the research subject. However, it should not be forgotten that the researcher is the patient's doctor (research subject) most of the time and, as such, must protect the subject as a patient.
Sergio buys a bag of cookies that contains 9 chocolate chip cookies, 5 peanut butter cookies, 4 sugar cookies and 5 oatmeal cookies. What is the probability that Sergio randomly selects a sugar cookie from the bag, eats it, then randomly selects an oatmeal cookie?
Answer: the probability of selecting a sugar cookies is 4/23
The probability of selecting an oatmeal cookies after eating a sugar cookies is 5/22
Explanation: probability is the chances of a possible outcome.
In the bag we have;
9 chocolate chip cookies
5 peanut butter cookies
4 sugar cookies
5 oatmeal cookies
Therefore the total cookies in the bag is
9 + 5 + 4 + 5 = 23
The probability of Sergio to randomly select sugar cookies in the bag is the member of sugar cookies all over the total number of cookies;
4/23
The probability of selecting an oatmeal cookies, after eating one sugar cookies is the number of oatmeal cookies all over the remaining total number of cookies after eating one sugar cookies.
5/22
Who recorded the physiological responses of volunteers who came to their research lab to either masturbate or have intercourse?
a. Masters and Johnson
b. Haselton and Gildersleeve
c. Hucker and Bain
d. Stockton and Murnen
your text suggests that waiting for an elevator is a good example of a ________ reinforcement schedule. continuous fixed ratio variable ratio fixed interval variable interval
Answer: waiting in an elevator is a good example of variable interval reinforcement schedule
Explanation:
Schedule of reinforment (an important component of learning process) is a rule that states the conditions of a response to be reinforced. The goal of reinforcement (either positive or negative) is to fortify a behaviour so that it will likely happen.
Variable interval reinforcement schedule happens when a response is rewarded after an unpredictable amount of responses has moved by. This kind of reinforcement produces slow and steady responses. An example is waiting in an elevator. One can decide to press the button once or fifteen times in succession, but the lift still appears randomly.
Waiting for an elevator exemplifies a fixed interval reinforcement schedule, where reinforcement is provided after a pre-set, constant time interval.
Explanation:The student's question is referring to the concept of reinforcement schedules in psychology, particularly in the context of operant conditioning. In the scenario provided, waiting for an elevator is a good example of a fixed interval reinforcement schedule. This type of schedule provides reinforcement for the first response after a specific, constant amount of time has passed. For example, if an elevator arrives at a set time interval regardless of how many times a button is pressed, it would be analogous to a rat receiving a reinforcement for the first lever press after a set interval of time in a research setting.
In contrast, other schedules like variable ratio and fixed ratio relate to the number of responses before reinforcement, and variable interval varies the time intervals between reinforcements. These schedules generate different patterns of behavior. For instance, variable interval schedules produce moderate, steady response rates since the time until the next reinforcement is unpredictable.
g Sally has apparently gone beyond the end of the standard probationary period without receiving a probationary evaluation. What can Donna do about this, and how might this affect Sally’s status?
Answer:
Donna is to first consult with the HR department to find out the reason behind the delay in not receiving the Sally's probationary evaluation form. If the reason is due to Sally, then Donna should discuss with Sally on that but it is an omission from HR, then they should regularize accordingly.
Explanation:
This is because HR department handles probationary evaluation based on the length of stay for the new staff and availability of receipt of all their required documentations. or it can also be a mere omission from the angle of HR. These are the reasons why the supervisor needs to liaise with the HR department to better information on what might be the delay and it would be handled on a need to know basis.
Greg reasons "I can't cheat. I need a good grade but knowledge is the most important thing. I must try." Which philosophy best depicts Greg's reasoning?
Final answer:
Greg's reasoning falls under the philosophy of Ethics, resonating with Socratic beliefs that knowledge is intrinsically valuable and essential for virtuous living, thus rejecting cheating as it conflicts with the pursuit of true knowledge and the good.
Explanation:
The philosophy that best depicts Greg's reasoning is Ethics, specifically the Socratic view that the pursuit of knowledge is intrinsically linked to living a virtuous life. Greg's statement reflects a commitment to ethical integrity and the importance of knowledge over deceit. This aligns with Socratic and Platonic views where the acquisition of knowledge, particularly knowledge of the good, leads one to act virtuously and justly. Greg believes that cheating would be wrong because it would undermine the ultimate goal of knowledge, which is seen as invaluable to leading a good life. In ethics, the concept of doing the right thing for its own sake is fundamental, and acting with virtue is emphasized over the pursuit of self-interest or purely utilitarian outcomes like getting a higher grade through dishonest means.
Sue was driving along and texting her new boyfriend, not paying attention to her surroundings. She came up to a stop sign and rather than stop, went right through it. Little Johnny was about to cross the street in front of Sue when he saw her driving fast so he hesitated and was not physically injured.
Sue committed a tort by running the stop sign even though no one was injured.
True or False?
Answer:
True
Explanation:
First what is a tort , a tort is a wrong act or an infringement leading to unlawful act. It is just a unlawful act.
Where sue got it wrong is ,she was texting her boyfriend while driving ,which is the first unlawful act she carried out,secondly she got to a stop sign which she was meant to stop, she didn't ,second unlawful act which according to the passage is the question if she committed a tort, yes she did commit a tort although little johnny was not injured physically.
Papa tells Cassie, "There are things you can’t back down on, things you gotta take a stand on. But it’s up to you to decide what them things are." What things do you think Cassie must take a stand on? Why?
Answer:She must take a stand on the incident with Mr. Barnett, and the incident with Lillian Jean.
Explanation:Roll of thunder,hear my cry is a novel that has won several awards and it was written to act against racing which was prominent during the great depression. The novel was published in 1976 by Mildred D. Tailor.
The novel speaks about the life style of people around Mississippi, in the United States of America,where there was high level of Racial discrimination.
THE BOOK HAS ALOT OF LESSONS REGARDING THE EFFECTS OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION.
In what way does operant conditioning differ from classical conditioning?Group of answer choicesIn classical conditioning, learning is fastest during the early trials, while, in operant conditioning, learning is fastest during the later trials.In classical conditioning, the consequence arrives regardless of the animal's behavior, while, in operant conditioning, it only arrives once the animal has made a response.Classical conditioning can be used to train animals to make responses they would not normally make; operant conditioning cannot be used to do this.Extinction occurs in classical conditioning but not in operant conditioning.
Answer: In classical conditioning, learning is fastest during the early trials, while, in operant conditioning, learning is fastest during the later trials.
Extinction occurs in classical conditioning but not in operant conditioning.
Explanation:
The operant conditioning is the process of learning that includes the rewards and punishments that can control and regulate the behavioral responses in the subjects. Through operant conditioning, the association is made between the behavior as well as the consequences of behavior.
The classical conditioning is the process in which a potential biological stimulus and a neutral response stimulus are used to elicit the response in the subject. For example, a smell of food is the conditioned stimulus whereas the food is the conditioned stimulus.
In the case of classical conditioning the subject learns in accordance with the neutral stimuli or conditioned stimulus. The subject requires time to get familiarized with the conditioned stimulus to show up a response, whereas in the operant conditioning during the later trials as the rewards and punishments are the outcomes of the conditioning process.
The extinction of response may occur in the classical conditioning this is because the subject may feel distracted from the conditioned stimuli but the effect of the operant conditioning is more profound because it is based on reinforcement and reward based approach.