Answer:
1. circulate through the slug, engulfing bacteria
Explanation:
A sentinel cell is a cell of the immune system that is in charge of "eating" any kind of parasite in the body. In this case, it circulates through the slug and whenever it sees a bacterium, virus or foreign object, the sentinel cell engulfs it immediately.
Once the sentinel cell has eaten the bacterium, it produces several enzymes and substances that degrade the bacterium.
In most ecosystems, the original source of energy for the living things in the system is __________.
a. the sun
b. the primary producer
c. glucose
d. the heterotrophic
Answer: The correct answer is Sun
Explanation:
Note that the ORIGINAL (i.e natural and ultimate) source of energy is the sun. The sun's energy, called Solar energy is then trapped by a pigment in primary producers called Chlorophyll to produce sugars (glucose) through the process of PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
Aerobic respiration, anaerobic glycolysis, and hydrolysis of phosphocreatine can all be used by vertebrate muscle cells to generate ATP during active periods. In what order are these mechanisms employed?
anaerobic glycolysis, hydrolysis of phosphocreatine, aerobic respiration
anaerobic glycolysis, aerobic respiration, hydrolysis of phosphocreatine
aerobic respiration, anaerobic glycolysis, hydrolysis of phosphocreatine
hydrolysis of phosphocreatine, anaerobic glycolysis, aerobic respiration
hydrolysis of phosphocreatine, aerobic respiration, anaerobic glycolysis
hydrolysis of phosphocreatine, anaerobic glycolysis, aerobic respiration
Hydrolysis of phosphocreatine, anaerobic glycolysis, aerobic respiration
Explanation:
Under active condition the readily available source of ATP is needed by the muscle to fulfill the energy requirements.
Phosphocreatinine is a molecule that stores energy and recharges ADP to ATP during muscle contraction. So, hydrolysis of phosphocreatinine is the first mechanism that is employed.
Since anaerobic glycolysis does not require oxygen.The muscle cells find it convinient mechanism to generate ATP by using up the glucose. Thus , this is the second mechanism which is employed.
Glycolysis is the last mechanism employed to generate ATP because this process needs a complete supply of oxygen. Which depends on the availability and diffusion rate of oxygen into the tissues.
The order in which vertebrate muscle cells employ mechanisms to generate ATP during active periods is hydrolysis of phosphocreatine, anaerobic glycolysis, aerobic respiration.
Explanation:The correct order of the mechanisms employed by vertebrate muscle cells to generate ATP during active periods is hydrolysis of phosphocreatine, anaerobic glycolysis, aerobic respiration.
During short bursts of intense activity, muscle cells rely on hydrolysis of phosphocreatine to rapidly produce ATP. This provides a quick source of energy, but is limited in duration. If activity continues, muscle cells then switch to anaerobic glycolysis, which breaks down glucose to produce ATP without requiring oxygen. Finally, during longer duration activities, muscle cells use aerobic respiration as the main mechanism to generate ATP, which involves the breakdown of glucose and other fuel sources using oxygen.
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Stimulation of appetite occurs mostly from ________________ cues.
Group of answer choices
A. internal
B. physiologic
C. external
D. environmental
Answer:
I would say it is A. Internal cues
Explanation:
Final answer:
Appetite stimulation is predominantly triggered by external cues, which can include visual and olfactory stimuli such as the sight and smell of food.
Explanation:
Stimulation of appetite occurs mostly from external cues such as the sight and smell of food. These cues can ignite feelings of hunger even when physiological needs may not be the primary driver. For instance, seeing an advertisement for food or smelling a meal being cooked can trigger a desire to eat whether or not one is actually in a state of energy deficit. While hunger can be a result of internal cues like low glucose levels aiming to restore homeostasis or a need for a specific nutrient, it's often external factors like the environment, time of day, and presence of food stimuli that play a significant role in stimulating appetite.
A 1-day-old infant with an imperforate anus undergoes a pull-through procedure with an anoplasty. What should postoperative nursing care include?
Answer:
The correct answer is - Encouraging continuation of breastfeeding .
Explanation:
Anoplasty is the reconstruction of the anus which is a surgical procedure to correct ana(l) stenosis or imperforate anus. It involves the enlarging or stretching the opening of the stool is eliminated.
The goal is to prevent constipation to lessen or limiting the trauma to the surgical site. Breast milk produces a softer stool, feeding by the oral means usually started after surgery.
Thus, the correct answer is - Encouraging continuation of breastfeeding .
Ilana is having a baby and it is only three and a half weeks since conception. At this stage, which central nervous system structure(s) will have begun to form?
Answer: Neural tube
Explanation: Central nervous system originates from ectoderm, neuroectoderm gives rise to neural tube, the primordia of brain and spinal cord. Neural tube is the embryonic structure, neural plate folds into neural tube is formed at the dorsal side of embryo.
Which of these is a way to increase the availability of freshwater
Answer:
Option A
Explanation:
Options -
A-avoid water pollution.
B-build thermal power plants.
C-add water features to gardens.
D-avoid drip irrigation systems
Solution -
The largest source of freshwater on planet earth is underground water. The water beneath the surface of earth is very limited. The total fresh water reserve on earth is 3% of the total water on earth. Pollution due to discharge of waste water into the rivers and oceans has caused the degradation of not only surface water but also ground water.
Thus, option A is correct
Drip irrigation is a means to prevent wastage of water during irrigation. Thus, avoiding it will cause further loss of fresh water.
Addition of water feature will increase usage of water, thus it is also incorrect
Building thermal plant will also cause water pollution and wastage. Hence, option B is also incorrect
Answer:
Avoid water pollution.
Explanation:
A police officer felt a soft lumpy object in a suspects back pocket, about the size of a quarter. He was unsure what it was, so he manipulated it with his fingers. At this point he thought the object was a bag of marijuana, so he reached in and pulled it out. He was right. What was the result?
Answer:
Option A, The officer did not have a reasonable suspicion that the item was a weapon; bad frisk
Explanation:
The options for the question are -
a) The officer did not have reasonable suspicion that the item was a weapon; bad frisk.
b) The officer had reasonable suspicion that the item was evidence of a crime; good frisk
c) The officer had reasonable suspicion that the item was a weapon; good frisk
d) The officer was conducting a pat down for officer safety; good frisk
Solution -
When an officer is able to judge correctly that the suspect is a dangerous individual and may be carrying a weapon, then he/she undergo reasonable suspicion. In most of the case an officer presumption is right but in this case the presumption about the suspect carrying a weapon was wrong. Usually such presumptions are based on circumstances. Reasonable suspicion allows a police officer to inspect the suspect.
Minor mutations and/or gene transfers may lead to the development of a new and is a term that describes very closely related organisms that are slight genetic variants of one another.
a) genus
b) species
c) strain
d) strand
Answer:
a
Explanation:
Which of the following hormones is released by the corpus luteum after ovulation and causes a negative feedback loop with the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary?A) progesterone
B) luteinizing hormone
C) gonadotropin releasing hormone
D) estrogen
E) gonadotropin
Answer: Option a: progesterone
Explanation: After ovulation, empty follicle becomes corpus luteum which secrets hormone progesterone. Corpus luteum establishes pregnancy by releasing progesterone hormone after ovulation by making the uterus feasible for implantation by making it thick. Progesterone takes part in the development of endometrium for the stability of pregnancy and helps to feed the developing fetus. During the entire pregnancy, progesterone levels are maintained which doesn't allow more eggs to be developed. If the fertilization doesn't occur, the corpus luteum does not secret this hormone, means the level of this hormone becomes low and menstruation occurs.
Which of these pieces of laboratory equipment should be used to measure liquid from the bottom of the meniscus that forms in the glassware?
Answer: Graduated cylinders, volumetric cylinders or measuring cylinders.
Explanation: these are usually used in measuring the volume of liquids. The process involved in their measurement to ensure accuracy is to observe at eye level from a level surface and then take reading from the bottom meniscus (the curved surface of liquids — a property of liquids in enclosed spaces). the volume on graduated cylinders is shown on measuring devices such as the above mentioned for purpose of accuracy, with three significant digits. For example, 500mL cylinders will have 1ml grading divisions.
Which characteristic of endospores led to confusion when Tyndall tried to replicate Pasteur's experiments regarding spontaneous generation?
Answer:HEAT RESISTANCE
Explanation: Endospores are external coverings produced by some Microorganisms to help them adapt to very harsh weather conditions,it also helps them to avoid predators. Endospores are produced by SPORE FORMING BACTERIA such as CLOSTRIDIUM SPECIES AND SOME BACCILLUS SPECIES. Endospores also make the Bacteria Heat resistant,meaning you will need to heat up to the BOILING POINT for it to be destroyed. The heat resistance was the cause of confusion for Tyndall.
While observing primates at the zoo, you notice that the particular monkey you are watching uses its hands, feet, and tail to move throughout the trees in its enclosure. This is most likely:________
Answer:
Primates may be defined as the mammals including in the order primates.Primates are divided into two suborders known as strepsirrhines and haplorhines.
The members of the primates group includes monkey, apes and lemurs. The monkey noticed in the Zoo is most probably be the New World monkey. These monkeys use their hand and feet for grasping. These monkeys have a long grasping tail.
Both mitosis and meiosis are forms of cell division that produce daughter cells containing genetic information from the parent cell. (a) Describe TWO events that are common to both mitosis and meiosis that ensure the resulting daughter cells inherit the appropriate number of chromosomes. (b) The genetic composition of daughter cells produce by mitosis differs from that of the daughter cells produced by meiosis. Describe TWO features of the cell division processes that lead to these differences.
Answer:
(a)1. the replication of genetic materials at S-phase of interphase of both mitosis and meiosis prior to cell division.( This ensured required amount of genetic material are present in the daughter cells to produce, and enough food source as raw material fro the entire division process.
2.the manner in which the the chromosomes are aligned at the center of the cell before the chromosomes separates. (This ensured that required or exact copies of chromosomes are available in the new daughter cells as the chromosomes migrates to new daughter cells at Metaphase and Anaphase.
(b)Number of cell cycles or division and crossing over
This occurs because of the number of cell divisions that occurs, Mitosis occurs in one cycle of division which multiplied the number of cells formed, and therefore refereed to as multiplication division.(2n)The new daughter cells have exact number of chromosomes as the parent cells. While meiosis occurs in two cycles of Meiosis 1 and 11. This is a reduction division(n) in which the new daughter cells have haploid or half of the parent chromosome numbers.
Crossing over is another feature which increases the chances of variation from the mixing up of genetic materials of both parents in the new daughter cells at a point called chiasmata. This makes the new haploid daughter cells having new genetic composition slightly different from both parents.
The formation of a new cell from the old cell is known as cell division. These cell divisions are as follows:-
MitosisMeosisThese common features in the cell divisions are:-
InterphasecytokinesisThese two events are same in the both types of cell divisions.
The genetic compositions of these two types of cell divisions are different from each other. In mitosis, the daughter cell has the same number of chromosome as the parents and the meiosis cell have the half number of chromosome as compared to the parents.
The anaphase of both cell are different and the crossing over only took place in the meiosis cycle.
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Achondroplastic dwarfism is a dominant genetic trait that causes severe malformation of the skeleton. Homozygotes for this condition are spontaneously aborted (hence, the homozygous condition is lethal) but heterozygotes will develop to be dwarfed. Matthew has a family history of the condition, although he does not express the trait. Jane is an achondroplastic dwarf. Matthew and Jane are planning a family of several children and want to know the chances of producing a child with achondroplastic dwarfism. The genotypes of Matthew and Jane are best represented as:________.
A. Matthew Jane AA Aa.
B. Matthew Jane Aa aa.
C. Matthew Jane aa aa.
D. Matthew Jane aa Aa.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Matthew is not expressing the trait because he must be carrying the recessive gene of Achondroplastic dwarfism compared to Jane who is a dwarf with the genotype Aa
Since Matthew and Jane are planning a family of several children and want to know the chances of producing a child with achondroplastic dwarfism. The genotypes of Matthew and Jane are best represented as option: D. Matthew Jane aa Aa.
What is the genotypesIn this scenario, Matthew does not express the trait of achondroplastic dwarfism, indicating that he does not have the dominant allele for the condition. so , his genotype is represented as aa, with both alleles being the non-mutated version.
Jane, on the other hand, is an achondroplastic dwarf, meaning she has the condition. Since achondroplastic dwarfism is a dominant trait, she must have at least one copy of the dominant allele. However, the fact that homozygotes (having two copies of the dominant allele) for this condition are spontaneously aborted suggests that the homozygous condition is lethal. so, Jane's genotype can be represented as Aa, with one mutated allele and one non-mutated allele.
Hence option d is correct.
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The process by which an individual seeks out environments that correspond to their genotypic characteristics is described as the ______ effect:_____________.
Answer:
Active genotype - environmental effects
Explanation:
There are primarily three types of co-relation between genotype and environment which are as follows –
a) Passive genotype –environment effect – This depicts the relationship between the genetic characteristics acquired by a child from his/her parents and the environment in which he/she is raised.
b) Reactive genotype –environment effect – This represents a relationship between genetically acquired behaviour from parents and the reaction corresponding to such behaviour.
c) Active genotype –environment effect – This represents a relationship between genetic tendency of an individual and the environment condition selected by an individual .
The niche-picking effect describes the process of individuals seeking environments that match their genetic predispositions, highlighting the relationship between genotype, environmental factors, and phenotype. It plays a role in determining physical traits, behaviors, and lifestyle choices.
Explanation:The process by which an individual seeks out environments that correspond to their genotypic characteristics is described as the niche-picking effect. This concept explains how environmental factors and our genetic makeup, or genotype, come together to determine our phenotype—the observable traits or characteristics. Niche-picking is an integral part of how we interact with the environment around us, as individuals with certain genetic predispositions may select, modify, or create environments that suit their predispositions.
For instance, a person with a genetic predisposition towards athleticism might seek out sports or fitness-related environments, which will in turn impact their phenotype, or physical expression of that trait. This concept is essential for understanding the relationship between genetic variation, environmental effects, and natural selection. It highlights how environmental factors not only have an impact on our physical traits but also on behaviors and lifestyle choices, all of which contribute to the ongoing evolutionary process.
Microorganisms are involved in each of the following processes except
Answer:
Smog production
Explanation:
Microorganisms are involved in each of the following processes:
Decomposition: Microorganisms play a vital role in the breakdown of organic matter, such as dead plants and animals, into simpler compounds. They aid in the recycling of nutrients and the release of carbon dioxide back into the environment.
Fermentation: Certain microorganisms, such as yeast and bacteria, are involved in the process of fermentation. This metabolic process converts sugars into alcohol, acids, or gases, and is used in various food production processes, such as bread making and brewing.
Nitrogen fixation: Certain bacteria and cyanobacteria have the ability to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be utilized by plants. This process, known as nitrogen fixation, is crucial for the nitrogen cycle and the availability of essential nutrients for plant growth.
Photosynthesis: Microscopic algae and cyanobacteria are capable of photosynthesis, where they convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into oxygen and organic compounds. Photosynthesis is a fundamental process in the production of oxygen and the cycling of carbon in ecosystems.
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Viral Spikies
A)attach non-specifically to host cell receptors
B)attach specifically to host cell receptors
C)are made of carbohydrate
D)are present in all viruses
Answer:
B)attach specifically to host cell receptors
Explanation:
Viral spikes are one of the envelope proteins. These proteins are coded for by viral genes. Viral spikes project from the envelope surface. They are also called peplomers. One of the functions of these spikes is to specifically interact with the receptors present on the surface of the host cell to mediate the attachment of the virus to the host cell surface. Viral spikes and the host cell surface receptors are complementary to allow their specific binding. For example, the spike protein of the SARS-coronavirus bind specifically to the human host cell receptor ACE2.
Homeostatic regulation usually involves a(n) ________ that detects a particular stimulus, and a(n) ________ that responds to the stimulus by communicating with a(n) ________ whose activity has an effect on the same stimulus.
a) control center; effector; receptor.
b) receiver; communication; effector.
c) receptor; control center; effector.
d) effector; receiver; control center.
Answer:
c) receptor; control center; effector.
Explanation:
Homeostasis maintains the internal body conditions almost constant. It includes specific cells that sense any deviations of internal or external conditions from the normal range. These cells are called receptors. The sensory information from the receptors is delivered to the control center. The central nervous system mainly serves as a control system wherein sensory information from the receptors is processed. The control center commands muscles and/or glands to perform desired responses to restore the homeostasis. Here, muscles and glands serve as effectors.
For example, thermoreceptors sense the rise of body temperature and the brain (control center) commands sweat glands (effectors) to produce sweat.
The process by which family identity, traditions, and commitment emerge through interaction within a particular family, is an important part of which perspective?
Answer:
The correct answer is - interaction-constructionist .
Explanation:
interaction-constructionist is the perspective that involves the the process that helps in the emerging of the family traditions, identity and commitment with the interaction within a specific family.
Example of the this perspective is the religions's proscription against birth control while using it.
Thus, the correct answer is - interaction-constructionist .
Which human activities would most likely increase turbidity? Check all that apply.
Final answer:
Activities that increase erosion, eutrophication, and wastewater discharge are likely to raise the turbidity of water, with agricultural runoff being a significant contributor.
Explanation:
Human activities that most likely increase turbidity in water systems include those that lead to erosion, such as deforestation and poor land management practices. Additionally, activities that contribute to eutrophication, such as the excessive use of fertilizers in agriculture, can also result in increased turbidity due to the growth of algae and other microorganisms. Discharging untreated or partially treated wastewater into water bodies significantly contributes to higher turbidity levels, along with runoff carrying nutrients that promote algal blooms, which can create dead zones.
Which structure receives input from the hypothalamus and basal ganglia and sends axons that release acetylcholine to widespread areas in the cerebral cortex?
Answer:
16
Explanation:
Sickle-cell anemia, in which the red blood cells cannot carry ______ properly and die quickly, occurs most often in African Americans.
Answer:
Oxygen-rich blood
Explanation:
Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic blood disorder in which the red blood cells cannot properly transport oxygen rich blood. The life span of normal red blood cells is 20 days but that of sickle red blood cells is 20days so they die quickly
Why did medicine have a domestic— rather than professional—character in the preindustrial era? How did urbanization change that? quizle
Explanation:
1) Medical Practice was in confusion- Everyone could exercise lacking constraint or drill
2) Medical measures were original- no practical knowledge
3) Mislaid institutional principal- no extensive growth of hospitals
4) Request was unbalanced- least claim due to self-sufficiency (family folk-remedies), economic circumstances (opportunity cost of transportation), and purchase costs (fee for service)
5) Medical education was substandard-apprenticeship, unhindered access, and lacking in science based exercise
Urbanization increased dependence on particular skills of remunerated professionals because..
a. Separated people from families and neighborhoods’- no more home-based medicines
b. Women started working outdoor- no longer thoughtful for the sick
c. Physicians became less expensive and more reachable- telephones, cars, roads reduced opp. cost of time and travel- more reasonable
d. Better topographical closeness of patients and physicians
Blood flows through a vessel at a particular flow rate and velocity. What happens to the velocity of the blood flow through that vessel after it constricts, narrowing its diameter? You may assume that the flow rate is unchanged.
Note: Question is incomplete i have added full question in ask for detail section.
Answer:
Option a) Velocity increases.
Explanation:
When liquid flow from wider vessel to narrow it follow bernoulli's law. It means the velocity will increase. I have attached picture for better understanding.
In a clinical trial of Drug R for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), researchers hypothesize that 200 mg of Drug R will reduce GAD symptoms by 25 percent, as evidenced by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale. The independent variable is ________.
Final answer:
The independent variable in the clinical trial of Drug R is the dosage, specifically 200 mg. Clinical trials often involve comparing a treatment against a placebo to assess its efficacy.
Explanation:
In the clinical trial of Drug R for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), the independent variable is the dosage of the drug, which in this case is 200 mg of Drug R. An independent variable is the variable that researchers manipulate to see if it causes an effect. In clinical trials, it's common to compare the efficacy of a treatment with a placebo to rule out the placebo effect, as was done in the study by Keller et al. (2001) that compared the antianxiety drug Paxil to a placebo.
Susan Kahn found that Jewish women in Israel are deeply compelled to reproduce their family, religion, and the nation. For women who get pregnant using new reproductive technologies, the ethnicity of a sperm donor is less of an issue than that of an egg donor. How do you classify the way they practice descent?
Answer:
The way they classify this practice is known as "Matrilineal"
Explanation:
Matrilineal tells us about the mother's line, this is basically done to restore the traits that are present in mother side. It is an important part of the anthropology. This phenomenon determines the heir of the property after the death of the property owner. In general terms it is the relative, behavior or other traits that has been traced through the mother lineage. They have the exogamic blood kin which is being related to mother line. Also referred as "Those from one womb or one bone".
How did the production of tobacco and sugar in Britain's colonies affect the prices of these products in Europe and the Americas in the eighteenth century?
The production of tobacco and sugar in Britain's colonies increased their supply. This increase in their supply reduced their prices.
Explanation:
This is simply an application of the law of demand and supply.
The law of demand states that the quantity of demanded good reduces as the prices increases. The law of supply states that the quantity of goods supplied increases as the prices increases and vice-versa.
In general, low supply and high demand increase price while high supply and low demand reduces prices.
When Britain's colonies began to produce tobacco and sugar, this drastically reduced their demand in Europe and the Americas and this affected the prices and reduced it.
You are part of a team of doctors doing a Phase 2 study of teixobactin on humans. Assuming protocol had not changed since the mice study, how are you administering the drug?
a) through a nasal spray
b) rectally
c) orally
d) by injection
Answer: Teixobactin is a drug for the treatment of Tuberculosis, currently under preclinical studies
Explanation:
Teixobactin:- It is a secondary metabolite obtained from some species of bacteria, used as an anti- infective agent, especially for the treatment of Tuberculosis. Currently this drug is under preclinical study. This belongs to a new class of antibiotics
Mechanism of Action:- This drug act as a cell wall inhibitor
This drug is usually given by injection, according to the reports of development of identified for preclinical development in tuberculosis in USA
Morris and Ted are brothers who work in similar fields. Morris works at an accounting firm and Ted is a financial analyst. Their sister, Rosa, works for the SEC. What do they have in common?
Answer:
Morris, Ted, and Rosa are all part of user groups that influences the formation of accounting standards.
Explanation:
NOTE that SEC means Securities and Exchange Commission (Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is a U.S. government agency that oversees securities transactions, activities of financial professionals and mutual fund trading to prevent fraud and intentional deception).
Morris, Ted, and Rosa are all part of user groups that influences the formation of accounting standards.The three of them are members of user groups that influence the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). PCAOB is a non-profit organization that regulates auditors of publicly traded companies. They basically minimize audit risks. This is related to the three's fields.Morris and Ted are members of user groups that influence the formation of accounting standards, while Rosa is part of a user group that influences internal controls.Ted is part of a user group that influences internal controls, while Morris and Rosa are members of user groups that influence the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is an independent nonprofit organization that is responsible for establishing accounting and financial reporting standards for companies and nonprofit organizations in the United States.In many species, there are two representatives of each chromosome. In such species, the characteristic number of chromosomes is called the ________ number. It is usually symbolized as ________.
Answer: Diploid; 2n
Explanation:
In many species, there are two representatives of each chromosome. In such species, the characteristic number of chromosomes is called the DIPLOID number. It is usually symbolized as 2n.
The two basic sets of chromosomes is called Homologous chromosomes, being two, it is called DIPLOID NUMBER (if one, it is Haploid number) and symbolized by 2n.
Species like man expresses the diploid number, so is a diploid specie
The characteristic count of paired chromosomes in species is called the diploid number and it's symbolized as 2n. This is typical of diploid organisms, including humans who have a diploid number of 46 from 23 chromosome pairs.
Explanation:In many species, there are indeed two representatives of each chromosome. This is characteristic of diploid organisms. A count of these paired chromosomes is called the diploid number, which is typically symbolized as 2n. Humans, for example, have a diploid number of 46 because we have 23 pairs of chromosomes.
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