The energy of a gamma ray photon can be calculated using Planck's equation. Given the frequency of 5.02*10^20 Hz, substituting this and Planck's constant into the equation results in an energy of approximately 3.33 × 10^-13 Joules.
Explanation:The energy of a gamma ray photon can be calculated using Planck's equation: E = hf, where 'E' stands for energy, 'h' is Planck's constant and 'f' is the frequency of the radiation.
The value of Planck's constant is 6.626 × 10^−34 J⋅s (Joules times seconds), and the frequency provided is 5.02*10^20 Hz. Substituting these values into the Planck's equation:
E = (6.626 × 10−34 J⋅s) (5.02 × 1020 Hz) = 3.33 × 10-13 J (Joules)
Thus, the energy of the given gamma ray photon is approximately 3.33 × 10-13 Joules.
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Which will decrease the rate of a reaction?
a. changing the temperature from 90ºC to 40ºC
b. adjusting the concentration from 30 ng to 60 ng
c. placing the substance in a smaller container
d. grinding the substance into a powder
Answer: Option (a) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Rate of a reaction gets affected by change in temperature as when we decrease the temperature then reactant molecules lose kinetic energy. As a result, there occurs decrease in number of collisions between the molecules.
Hence, rate of reaction also decreases with decrease in temperature.
Whereas when we increase the concentration from 30 mg to 60 mg then there is increase in number of reactant molecules. Therefore, there will be increase in number of collisions between the molecules.
Also, when substance is placed in smaller container then molecules come closer to each other and thus collide more frequently. So, rate of reaction will also increase.
On the other hand, grinding the substance into a powder will also increase the number of reactant particles. Thus, this will also increase the rate of reaction.
Thus, we can conclude that changing the temperature from [tex]90^ºC[/tex] to [tex]40^ºC[/tex] will decrease the rate of a reaction.
How many atoms are in 131.97 liters of water vapor at STP?
6.023 × 1023
3.54846 × 1024
3.548 × 1024
1.0645 × 1025
NextReset
It's D. 1.0645 × 1025
There are approximately 3.548 × 10²⁴ atoms in 131.97 liters of water vapor at STP. Option (2) is correct.
To calculate the number of atoms in 131.97 liters of water vapor at STP, we need to use the ideal gas law and Avogadro's number.
Convert the volume from liters to moles using the molar volume at STP, which is 22.4 liters per mole.
Moles of water vapor = 131.97 liters / 22.4 liters per mole ≈ 5.90 moles
Now, calculate the number of atoms using Avogadro's number (6.023 × 10²³ atoms per mole).
Number of atoms = Moles of water vapor × Avogadro's number
Number of atoms = 5.90 moles × 6.023 × 10²³ atoms per mole
Number of atoms ≈ 3.548 × 10²⁴ atoms
Therefore, there are approximately 3.548 × 10²⁴ atoms in 131.97 liters of water vapor at STP.
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Order these elements from LEAST to GREATEST atomic mass.
A) Li, He N, S
B) He, Li, N, S
C) N, He, Li, S
D) S, N, Li, He
Order these elements from least to greatest atomic mass is He, Li, N, S. Thus option B is correct.
What are elements?Elements are defined as a pure substance made up only of one sort of atom, each of whose nuclei contains the same number of protons.
It can also be defined as a substance that cannot be chemically divided into simpler substances.
There are basically three types of elements.
MetalsNon metalsMetalloidsAtomic masses are defined as the amount of material that makes up an element's atom.
It can also be defined as the relative mass of the element's atom in relation to the mass of an isotope of carbon-12.
To determine the average mass of elements and molecules as well as to resolve stoichiometry issues, the atomic mass is used.
Thus, order these elements from least to greatest atomic mass is He, Li, N, S. Thus option B is correct.
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What are the two most common sources for carbon compounds?
A family of organic compounds soluble in organic solvents but not in water is called
Final answer:
The family of organic compounds that are soluble in organic solvents but insoluble in water are known as lipids. These compounds, which can include fats, oils, and waxes, are characterized by their hydrophobic nature, low melting points, and low boiling points.
Explanation:
The family of organic compounds that are soluble in organic solvents but not in water are generally referred to as lipids. These compounds exhibit low solubility in water due to their largely hydrophobic (non-polar) nature but have high solubility in nonpolar solvents. Lipids include a variety of molecules such as fats, oils, waxes, certain vitamins (like vitamins A, D, E, and K), hormones, and most of the non-protein membrane components.
Lipids are notable for their low melting points and low boiling points, characteristics that are common among organic compounds with non-polar bonds. The structure of lipids, which often includes long chains of hydrocarbons, makes them insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents like dichloromethane.
Not all organic compounds, however, are lipids. Some, like glucose are highly polar and therefore soluble in water despite being organic. Others include different families of organic compounds such as hydrocarbons (alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and arenes), halogen-substituted hydrocarbons, oxygen-containing compounds (such as alcohols, ketones, and carboxylic acids), and nitrogen-containing compounds (like amines and nitriles).
At stp which gas will diffuse more readily than ne
When factor is change when a pure element becomes an ion?
Choose all that apply: Living organisms use atoms from sugar molecules combined with other elements to form: Question 9 options: Lipids Metals Nonmetal atoms Nucleic Acids
The lewis electron-dot structure of n2 has ________ nonbonding electrons pairs, ________ bonding electron pairs, and a bond order of ________.
The lewis electron-dot structure of N₂ has 2 nonbonding electrons pairs, 3 bonding electron pairs, and a bond order of 3.
1. Nonbonding Electron Pairs: Each nitrogen atom in [tex]\( \text{N}_2 \)[/tex] has 5 valence electrons (group 15 in the periodic table). In the Lewis structure, these are represented as dots around the nitrogen atoms. Nitrogen needs 3 more electrons to achieve a stable octet (except in some cases where it can expand its octet), so each nitrogen atom has 2 nonbonding electron pairs (dots).
2. Bonding Electron Pairs: The two nitrogen atoms are bonded together by a triple bond (three pairs of shared electrons). This triple bond consists of 1 sigma bond and 2 pi bonds. Sigma bonds are formed by overlapping of atomic orbitals head-on, while pi bonds are formed by overlapping of atomic orbitals sideways.
3. Bond Order: Bond order is a measure of the number of bonds between two atoms in a molecule. For [tex]\( \text{N}_2 \)[/tex], the bond order is calculated as:
[tex]\[ \text{Bond Order} = \frac{(\text{Number of bonding electrons} - \text{Number of antibonding electrons})}{2} \][/tex]
In [tex]\( \text{N}_2 \)[/tex], each nitrogen atom contributes 3 bonding electrons (one sigma bond and two pi bonds). There are no antibonding electrons in the [tex]\( \text{N}_2 \)[/tex] molecule, so the bond order is:
[tex]\[ \text{Bond Order} = \frac{6}{2} = 3 \][/tex]
A bond order of 3 indicates a triple bond between the two nitrogen atoms.
Therefore, the Lewis structure of [tex]\( \text{N}_2 \)[/tex] shows 2 nonbonding electron pairs on each nitrogen atom, 3 bonding electron pairs (forming the triple bond), and a bond order of 3.
If conducting research for a paper on restricting cell phone usage in automobiles, which source would be most effective to use in your argument?
Answer: A) a recent court case
Is there are 10.0 g of sucrose and 8.0 g of oxygen, how many moles of sucrose are available for this reaction
Answer:
There are 0.0292 moles of sucrose available for this reaction
Explanation:
Number of moles of a compound = [tex]\frac{mass of compound}{molar mass of the compound}[/tex]
Here mass of sucrose is 10.0 g. Molar mass of sucrose is 342.3 g/mol
So moles of sucrose available for this reaction = [tex]\frac{10 g}{342.3 g/mol}= 0.0292 moles[/tex]
What are 4 elements that make up 95 of an organism?
which salt has a pH < 7?
KBr
HCOOK
CaSO4
NH4NO3
Answer:
[tex]NH_{4}NO_{3}[/tex] has pH<7
Explanation:
pH of salt depends on species generated through hydrolysis of the given salt.
Hydrolysis equilibrium of [tex]NH_{4}NO_{3}[/tex] is given below:
[tex]NH_{4}NO_{3}+H_{2}O\rightarrow NH_{4}OH+HNO_{3}[/tex]
[tex]NH_{4}OH[/tex] is a weak base and [tex]HNO_{3}[/tex] is a strong acid. So species obtained through hydrolysis of [tex]NH_{4}NO_{3}[/tex] is a mixture of strong acid and weak base.
Hence the the salt solution will be acidic in nature. That means pH of solution is less than 7.
What is the density of water and diethyl ether g/ml?
Final answer:
Water has a density of 1.0 g/mL. Diethyl ether, being lighter due to weaker dispersion forces, has a commonly reported density of approximately 0.70 g/ml.
Explanation:
The density of a substance is a measure of its mass per unit volume. When referring to liquids and solids, density is commonly expressed in grams per milliliter (g/mL). Specifically, water has a density of 1.0 g/cm3, which is equivalent to 1.0 g/mL, as 1 cm3 is equal to 1 mL. The density of diethyl ether is not given in the reference, but it's known to be lighter than water. Since diethyl ether has relatively weak dispersion forces, which result in a low boiling point and, typically, a lower density compared to water, it's reasonable to assume that its density would be less than that of water. The density value commonly reported for diethyl ether is approximately 0.70 g/mL. This contrast in densities stems from the difference in intermolecular forces and the molecular structure of the substances.
If at 20 ∘C and a partial pressure of 760 mmHg, the solubility of CO2 in water is 0.169 g/100mL, what is the solubility of CO2 in an open bottle of seltzer water at 20 ∘C?
The solubility of [tex]C{O_2}[/tex]in an open bottle of seltzer water is[tex]\boxed{{\mathbf{9}}.{\mathbf{3394g}}{\text{/}}{\mathbf{100}}{\text{ }}{\mathbf{mL}}}[/tex].
Further explanation
Molar solubility is the concentration of pure substance dissolved in saturated solution. It is generally defined as ratio of number of moles of substance dissolved in one litre of solution until the solution becomes saturated. The S.I unit of molar solubility is mol/L.
The equilibrium constant between the compound and its ion, when dissolved in solution, is known as solubility product constant. It is denoted by [tex]{{\text{K}}_{{\text{sp}}}}[/tex]. The solubility product constant is used to calculate the product of concentration of ions at equilibrium. Higher the solubility product constant more will be the solubility of the compound.
The formula to relate concentration (C), volume (V), and number of moles (n) is as follows:
[tex]{\text{C = }}\frac{{\text{n}}}{{\text{V}}}[/tex] …… (1)
Ideal gas law is considered as the equation of state for any hypothetical gas. The expression for the ideal gas equation of gas is as follows:
[tex]{\text{PV}}={\text{nRT}}[/tex] …… (2)
Here,
P is the pressure of the gas.
V is the volume of gas.
n denotes the number of moles of gas.
R is the gas constant.
T is the temperature of gas.
The equation (2) can be written as:
[tex]{\text{P}}=\frac{{\text{n}}}{{\text{V}}}{\text{RT}}[/tex] …… (3)
Substitute C for [tex]\frac{{\text{n}}}{{\text{V}}}[/tex] in equation (2), the formula will become,
[tex]{\text{P}} = {\text{CRT}}[/tex] …… (4)
If the temperature is constant then RT will be constant. Then the equation (4) can be written as follows:
[tex]\frac{{\text{P}}}{{\text{C}}}={\text{constant}}[/tex] …… (5)
If we have initial and final value of pressure and concentration then the equation (5) will be written as follows:
[tex]{{\text{P}}_1}{{\text{C}}_{\text{2}}}={{\text{P}}_2}{{\text{C}}_1}[/tex] …… (6)
Here,
[tex]{{\text{P}}_1}[/tex]is the initial pressure.
[tex]{{\text{P}}_2}[/tex]is the final pressure.
[tex]{{\text{C}}_1}[/tex]is the initial concentration.
[tex]{{\text{C}}_2}[/tex]is the final concentration.
On rearranging equation (6) for [tex]{{\text{C}}_2}[/tex] we get,
[tex]{{\text{C}}_{\text{2}}}=\frac{{{{\text{P}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{C}}_{\text{1}}}}}{{{{\text{P}}_{\text{1}}}}}[/tex] …… (7)
[tex]{{\text{P}}_1}[/tex]is 760 mmHg
[tex]{{\text{P}}_2}[/tex]is[tex]{\text{4}}{\text{.2}} \times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{\text{4}}}\;{\text{mmHg}}[/tex]
[tex]{{\text{C}}_1}[/tex]is 0.169g/100 mL.
Substitute the values of [tex]{{\text{P}}_1}[/tex], [tex]{{\text{P}}_2}[/tex], and [tex]{{\text{C}}_1}[/tex]in equation (7).
[tex]\begin{aligned}{{\text{C}}_2}&=\frac{{\left({{\text{4}}{\text{.2}} \times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{\text{4}}}\;{\text{mmHg}}}\right)\times\left( {{\text{0}}{\text{.169 g/100 mL}}}\right)}}{{\left({{\text{760 mmHg}}}\right)}}\\&={\text{9}}{\text{.3394 g/100}}\;{\text{mL}}\\\end{aligned}[/tex]
The solubility of [tex]{\mathbf{C}}{{\mathbf{O}}_{\mathbf{2}}}[/tex]in an open bottle of seltzer water is 9.3394g/100 mL.
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Answer details:
Grade: Senior School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Solutions
Keywords: ideal gas, pressure, volume, temperature, number of moles, initial, final, equation, 760 mmHg, 9.334g/100mL, 0.169g/100mL.
A solution with a ph of 8 has how many times fewer hydrogen ions than a solution with a ph of 6?
A solution with a pH of 8 has 100 times fewer hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 6 because for each unit of pH, the hydrogen ion concentration changes by a factor of ten.
A solution with a pH of 8 has how many times fewer hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 6? The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning that a difference of one pH unit corresponds to a tenfold difference in hydrogen ion concentration. Since the solution with a pH of 6 is more acidic than the solution with a pH of 8, it has more hydrogen ions. Specifically, for each pH unit difference, there is a tenfold difference in [tex][H^+][/tex] concentration.
Calculating the fold difference for two pH units, we know it's ten to the power of the difference in pH levels. Therefore, the difference is 102 or 100 times. Hence, a solution with a pH of 8 has 100 times fewer hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 6.
What neutral atom is represented by the following configuration: 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,4s2,3d10,4p4?[
The electron configuration represents a neutral atom of Selenium (Se) since it has 34 electrons and, in a neutral state, it should have an equal number of protons hence 34 protons match Selenium on the periodic table.
Explanation:The configuration 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,4s2,3d10,4p4 represents an atom with a total of 34 electrons. Because the atom is neutral, this means it must also have 34 protons. The atom with 34 protons is Selenium (Se). Therefore, the neutral atom that is represented by this electron configuration is Selenium (Se).
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What gas produced from combustion of fossil fuels is causing global warming
The two most abundant elements in earth's core are ?
The most abundant element in the earth core is oxygen the most essential and precious gas. Second most abundant element is silicon.
What are elements?Elements are the basic things in the universe. Everything in the world is made of elements. Elements combines to form molecules, molecules then forms compounds and compounds makes the macrothings.
There are various kinds of elements such as metals, gases, metalloids. etc. These all elements shows their characteristic physical and chemicals behaviours. Based on their electronic properties all the elements are classified into various groups in periodic table.
Oxygen is the most abundant element in the earth core that we all are used to intake for respiration. Oxygen s 8th element in periodic table and it is in P-block.
Silicon is the second most abundant element in the earth core. Silicon is a metalloids in 14th group of p-block and it is 14th element in periodic table. It is used in many electronic devises.
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What are elements that bond to form binary covalent compounds?
a) nonmetals
b) metals
There are two types of chemical compound one is covalent compound and other is ionic compound, covalent compound formed by sharing of electron and ionic compound formed by complete transfer of electron. Therefore, the correct option is option A.
What is chemical Compound?Chemical Compound is a combination of molecule, Molecule forms by combination of element and element forms by combination of atoms in fixed proportion.
An ionic compound is a metal and nonmetal combined compound. Ionic compound are very hard. They have high melting and boiling point because of strong ion bond. Covalent compounds are created when two or more non-metals are combined with less electronegativity difference.
Therefore, the correct option is option A that is non metals.
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Classify blood as a mixture or a pure substance. if blood is a mixture, classify it as either heterogeneous or homogeneous. if blood is a pure substance, identify it as either an element or a compound.
Final answer:
Blood is a homogeneous mixture due to the uniform distribution of various types of cells within plasma, making it different from pure substances like elements and compounds which consist of only one type of atom or chemically combined atoms, respectively.
Explanation:
Blood is classified as a homogeneous mixture because it consists of several types of cells that are uniformly distributed within a liquid called plasma. When you observe blood without the aid of a microscope, it appears to be a uniform liquid, indicating that it is indeed homogeneous despite containing various components such as red and white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. Unlike pure substances like elements and compounds, mixtures such as blood can vary in the exact proportions of their components. Therefore, blood is not a pure substance but a homogeneous mixture because it exhibits a uniform composition throughout.
In summary:
Salt is a compound because it is made up of more than one type of atom chemically combined.Pure water is a compound made from hydrogen and oxygen.Soil is a heterogeneous mixture because it consists of various organic and inorganic substances that are not uniformly distributed.Salt water is a homogeneous mixture because the salt is uniformly distributed through the water.Pure air is a homogeneous mixture of various gases.Carbon dioxide is a compound consisting of carbon and oxygen.Gold is an element because it is made up of one type of atom.Bronze is a heterogeneous mixture because it is an alloy of copper and tin and may contain additional elements.Which two properties give insight into the general attraction of an atom for electrons?
Which example is not a kind of symbiosis? A. estivation B. commensalism C. parasitism D. mutualism
Answer:
C. parasitism
Explanation:
Symbiosis is an interspecific ecological interaction, that is, between organisms of different species, occurring in a compulsory and harmonious manner, allowing reciprocal advantages for the species involved. This association is permanent, causing dependence indispensable to the survival of the parties, and can no longer detach from each other, due to the collaboration that each exerts on the metabolism of its dependent, probably harmful if they were separated.
Parasitism is an association between two organisms, but it is the type of association that does not promote benefits to both living organisms, on the contrary, in parasitism an organism causes a malfunction in the body of another organism, but its development is favored. For this reason, parasitism cannot be considered a kind of symbiosis.
The following characteristics describe which of these? This substance is not uniform in appearance and each part of the mixture contains a combination of different ingredients in different ratios
A. Homogeneous mixture
B. Heterogeneous mixture
C. Pure substance
D. Solution
Which of the following is not a criteria pollutant?
A. nitrogen oxides
B. volatile organic compounds
C. carbon monoxide
D. sulfur oxides
Volatile organic compounds is not a criteria of pollutant.
What is pollutant?
The elements, molecules, and particles that contribute to pollution are known as pollutants; life can be injured by exposure to these substances, and their impacts on people and plants are widely documented.
There are several ways that pollutants can enter the environment, both naturally and through human activity. Depending on the type of pollution, what happens to it once it is released into the air, soil, or water supply.
Secondary pollutants are created when primary pollutants react with outside influences, primary pollutants are released directly into the environment.
Therefore, Volatile organic compounds is not a criteria of pollutant.
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a partially inflated weather balloon has a volume of 1.56 x10^ 3 L and a pressure of 98.9 kPa. what js the volume of the balloon when the balloon is released to a height where the pressure is 44.1 kPa
Is mass conserved when 200 g of water undergoes a physical change? Use complete sentences to support your answer by explaining how this can be demonstrated.
Answer:
Mass is conserved
Explanation:
According to the law of conservation of mass; Mass can neither be created nor be destroyed in a chemical reaction or physical reaction. Physical change means that water changes its phase from liquid to gas in the form of steam or liquid to solid in the form ice. In both cases if the mass of the water is calculated using appropriate formulas for the respective phase then it can be demonstrated that the total mass of water remains same in all three phases.How many grams of cuso4 5h20 are needed to prepare a 0.020 m stock solution?
Final answer:
To determine the mass of CuSO4 · 5H2O needed for a 0.020 M stock solution, the molar mass of the compound and the volume of the solution are required. Assuming a 1-liter volume, approximately 4.9936 grams of CuSO4 · 5H2O are needed to achieve this molarity.
Explanation:
The question being asked is: How many grams of CuSO4 · 5H2O are needed to prepare a 0.020 M stock solution? To answer this, we first need to understand that CuSO4 · 5H2O (Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate) is a hydrated salt and its molar mass is essential in calculating the required mass for a given solution concentration and volume. The molar mass of CuSO4 · 5H2O is approximately 249.68 g/mol. For a 0.020 M (molar) solution, this refers to 0.020 moles of the solute per liter. However, the original question does not specify the volume of the stock solution to be prepared, which is crucial information needed to calculate the mass. Typically, a stock solution might be prepared in a standard volume such as 1 L. If we assume this to be the case, for a 0.020 M solution, 0.020 moles of CuSO4 · 5H2O would be required, which equates to 4.9936 grams (0.020 moles × 249.68 g/mol).
This calculation demonstrates how to determine the mass of a solid substance required to prepare a specific concentration of solution, given the molar mass of the compound and the desired solution volume and molarity. Without explicit details on the intended volume, assumptions must be made, here we assumed 1 liter. It's critical in chemistry calculations to have clear, precise information to ensure accuracy.
Name 3 sets of elements that have been added to the periodic table since mendeleev's time
Mendeleev is the father of periodic table based on the mass number of elements. The elements placed in this old periodic table was, hydrogen and lithium in a group, and Be, Mg, Al, S, Cl, Ca etc.
What is periodic table?Periodic table is a classification of all the elements discovered yet. There are groups which are vertical column with elements of similar properties. The periodic table was first introduced by Dimitri Mendeleev.
But Mendeleev was classified the elements based on the increasing order of mass number. But later it was modified as it is now based on the atomic number of elements.
Due to the discrepancies found in Mendeleev's periodic table Mossley modified the table and proposed that the atomic properties are based on the atomic number.
There were only about 63 elements in the old periodic table which included the elements hydrogen, Li, S, Mg, Ca, Na, N, O,C, some of the transition elements Ti. V, Cr, Mn etc.
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Question 8 1.2 pts an atom of bromine has a mass about four times greater than that of an atom of neon. which choice makes the correct comparison of the relative numbers of bromine and neon atoms in 1,000 g of each element?
An atom of bromine has a mass about four times greater than that of an atom of neon. There are more moles of neon in 1,000 g compared to bromine.
Explanation:An atom of bromine has a mass about four times greater than that of an atom of neon. To compare the relative numbers of bromine and neon atoms in 1,000 g of each element, we need to calculate the number of moles of each element first.
To calculate the number of moles of an element, we divide the given mass by the molar mass of the element. The molar mass of bromine is about 79.90 g/mol, and the molar mass of neon is about 20.18 g/mol.
Therefore, in 1,000 g of bromine, there would be ≅ 1,000/79.90 = 12.52 moles of bromine. And in 1,000 g of neon, there would be ≅ 1,000/20.18 = 49.51 moles of neon. So, there are more moles of neon in 1,000 g compared to bromine.
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