Brown v. Board of Education was argued before the Supreme Court by

Answers

Answer 1
It was argued by Thurgood Marshall if not Oliver Brown
Answer 2

Answer:

Brown v. Board of Education was argued before the Supreme Court by Thurgood Marshall.

Explanation:

Brown v Board of Education was a lawsuit filled before the United States Supreme Court in 1954; the judges finally decided that the legally established racial segregation should not be applied in public schools, because it could not be said that African Americans would receive education at the same level as whites when they had to go to special 'black' schools. In the same year, the same was determined in the case Bolling v Sharpe with regard to Washington D.C., which is not a state and therefore does not fall under the same legislation.

In 1951, the school board of Topeka in Kansas was sued by the ACLU, in the name of the African American student Linda Brown, who had to walk a mile to her school, while a few blocks away was a white school. Her case was supported by the NAACP, whose employee Thurgood Marshall acted as a lawyer for Brown. The district court ruled in favor of the school committee; the judgment referred to a federal ruling from Plessy v. Ferguson, in which it was decided that racial separation was allowed.

The verdict was pronounced on May 17 of that year. All nine judges agreed that inequality resulted without doubt from racial segregation, and thus was contrary to the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. Despite the outcome of the trial, this did not immediately lead to the desegregation of public schools or 'mixed' restaurants or toilets. This only became mandatory when the Civil Rights Act was signed in 1964, ten years later. However, the judgment meant that the desegregation movement had received the support of the judiciary.


Related Questions

If instead of saying, "Julian is afraid of the dark" you say, "Julian sees the boogieman lurking behind
every shadow," you are using​

Answers

descriptive language??
maybe i’m not sure is it multiple choice

The term "vivid language" refers to words that have a tendency to arouse other senses, such as sight, taste, touch, or smell.

Thus, the correct option is A.

What is vivid language?

The term "vivid language" refers to words that have a tendency to arouse other senses, such as sight, taste, touch, or smell. The sense of hearing is the first sense to register a word or phrase when it is spoken. However, some words can also be understood through other senses.

Most writers make several different attempts to engage the reader and arouse emotion. Authors employ figurative language in their writing to give the story a deeper meaning than what is immediately apparent. This helps to make the story more intriguing and memorable.

Your listeners will have a more memorable experience if you use vivid language. An audience member is more likely to fully comprehend and picture what a speaker is saying when they use good vivid language.

Using imagery and rhythm are two typical strategies to increase the vividness of your speech.

Also adding vividness are similes, metaphors, personification, and other figurative language techniques like analogies and alliteration. By contrasting something unfamiliar to the reader with something they are familiar with, the reader is better able to visualize and comprehend.

Poetry uses imagery as a vivid and colorful type of description that engages the senses and the imagination of the audience.

Learn more about vivid language, here

https://brainly.com/question/18916536

#SPJ2

How did the American colonists rebel against Britain?

Answers

Answer:

They boycotted, and they made the declaration of independence.

Hope this helps.

In Griswold v. Connecticut, on what did Justice Goldberg base his concurring opinion? the protection granted by the Constitution the intention of the writers of the Constitution the list of rights in the first eight amendments the human rights safe from government intervention

Answers

Correct answer is "the protection granted by the Constitution."

Griswold v. Connecticut, a 1965 Supreme Court case, dealt with a person's right to use contraceptive pills. This lawsuit is about people's freedom to do whatever they choose without interference from the government.

A Connecticut statute forbids or makes illegal the use of "any medicine, medical substance, or instrument for the purpose of preventing conception."

The state has no right to meddle into person's personal affairs, according to Justice Arthur Goldberg. He based his decision on an individual's constitutional right to be shielded from such circumstances, in this case, the privacy of marital affairs.

To know more about Griswold v. Connecticut, refer to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/9383515

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Edge

What role did Radio Free Europe play in Western countries' Cold War
strategy?​

Answers

The answers : It undermined communist ideology in communist countries.

Answer:

It undermined communist ideology in communist countries.

Jefferson thought that _____ was essential for the people to enjoy their rights in peace and security.

Answers

Answer:

He thought that order was essential

Explanation:

Jefferson thought that order was essential for the people to enjoy their rights in peace and security.

Explanation:

Necessary for human events, one nation must abolish political ties with the other and take separate and equal positions under land authorities under the laws of nature.

So, life, liberty and pursuit of happiness is an important phrase in the American constitution. This phrase was drafted by Thomas Jefferson. Historians have claimed various sources which have inspired Jefferson to come up with this phrase, but many disagree that John Locke inspired him to come up with this phrase.

What are millets? Why they called coarse grain? Give some examples of areas they are grown in.

Answers

Millets are cereal crops and small seed grasses, which are widely used in African and Asian countries. Since ages, these small crops were used for human consumption as well as a fodder for animals. Majorly cultivated in the semiarid tropical regions of Africa and Asia, around 97 percent of world’s overall millet production happens in these regions. These have often been called the coarse grains; however, due to their nutritional contributions, these are now being referred as 'nutria-millets/nutria-cereals'. Today, foxtail millet is grown primarily in eastern Asia. Proso millet is grown in the Soviet Union, mainland China, India and western Europe. In the United States, both millets are grown principally in the Dakotas, Colorado and Nebraska.

I hope this helps

Why was the Embargo Act of 1807 unpopular among New England merchants?
PLEASE ANSWER ASAP

Answers

Answer:

The embargo undermined national unity in the US provoking bitter protest especially in New England commercial centers.  

Explanation:

If your tax payments are less than the amount of income tax you owe, you are entitled to a refund. true or false

Answers

Answer:

The given statement is False.

Explanation:

Every person in a country who earns a specific amount of salary, has to pay a particular percentage of Tax on his money earned in order to avail the facilities provided by the government which include health care facilities, better infrastructure, Education system, etc.

So if the amount of tax that you pay to the government is greater than the amount of income tax you owe, the you are entitled to a refund. But if the tax payments are exactly the same amount of income tax that you owe, then there will be no refunding.

Hello, this isn’t a problem solving question but I’m kind of confused and thinking of a class I should take.

Since I’m going to summer school for not having enough credits from 2 different classes I need to know which one is more important for me to actually move on and at least have a better idea of what I need

Science or civics?

Answers

Answer:

Science for sure!

Explanation:

I would say Science but it actually depends on what you are planning to do as a career or something you want to graduate in specifically, if you are wanting to take Law, Business, or something in that sort of area then civics would be more important than science but if you want to become a doctor or even an engineer science would be ideal for you. Hope I was able to help you!

~ Scarlett

what is human-environmental interaction​

Answers

Hello There!

Human environmental interaction is how people affect the environment around them, and how their environment affects them.

What type of society characterizes south American societies?

Answers

Answer:

society mix of different types of societies

Explanation:

Southern society are not as modernized as northern societies. Where as the north is more industrial, the south is rural.

Segregation and separation of classes in American urban environments occurs because of

Answers

Answer:

there is many possible answers to this question. Many, many, many.  this happened alot because of things in the past. segregation happened because  people viewed blacks as slaves, they thought hat blacks were viewed as less than everyone else. Separation of classes happened because everyone thought that the richer you are, the more superior you are.  

Explanation:

Most of the workers who laid the Central Pacific Railroad were?

Answers

Answer:

Chinese labor was the most vital source for constructing the railroad

Answer:

Chinese

Explanation:

The most common length in time for a home loan is a

Answers

Answer: the average loan term is 30 years.

You're doing research for a public essay on alternative medicine. Which of the following sources has the most reliable information?
A.
a post on a social networking site about the undesired side-effects of different alternative medicines
B.
a recent government report comparing the results of alternative and contemporary medicine for a specified disease
C.
an anonymous article on a medical website that claims the success of alternative medicine
D.
a 2003 study conducted by a medical research center about the effects of alternative medicine​

Answers

Answer:

B. a recent government report comparing the results of alternative and contemporary medicine for a specified disease

Explanation:

Plato

Sources has the most reliable information is a recent government report comparing the results of alternative and contemporary medicine for a specified disease

What is a Public Essay ?

There are a few main ingredients most successful personal essays include a compelling hook, engaging story, interesting characters, immersive setting, and meaningful point.

Public writing is learning how to take an argument, idea or public topic and join an ongoing conversation.

In public writing there are three main contributing traits: audience, purpose and context.

A public essay can be defined as a work that deals with presenting and addressing facts.

That's not to say that a public piece is academic; in fact, there is a big difference between your typical college composition and a public one.

Learn more Public Essay here:

https://brainly.com/question/17112004

#SPJ2

What is the best definition of economic data?

Answers

Final answer:

Economic data refers to the numerical or qualitative facts related to the economy or economics, used by governments, economists, and businesses to understand and predict economic trends. This data includes GDP, unemployment rates, inflation rates, and more.

Explanation:

Economic data are numerical or qualitative facts that relate to the economy or economics. They are often used by governments, economists, and businesses to analyze and predict economic trends and make informed decisions. This data covers a wide range of topics including, but not limited to, unemployment rates, inflation rates, gross domestic product (GDP), and consumer price indices (CPI).

For example, if a country's GDP data shows a consistent increase, it is generally viewed as a sign that the country's economy is doing well. Conversely, rising unemployment rates might indicate economic trouble. These are some of the ways economic data can be interpreted and used.

Learn more about Economic Data here:

https://brainly.com/question/33812621

#SPJ6

A(n) ___ is an alliance or collection of parties.

Answers

Answer:

Coalition  

Explanation:

A Coalition is an alliance for combined action, especially a temporary alliance of political parties forming a government or of states.

Answer:

Coalition is indeed the correct answer.

Explanation:

This excerpt supports the idea that the Sky Chief valued

Answers

Answer:

This excerpt supports the idea that the Sky Chief valued

his daughter more than his grandson. his daughter and his possessions equally. his grandson more than his possessions. his possessions more than his family.

hope this helped

Answer: The chief valued his daughter more than his grandson

Explanation:

As we see those go to grave,
we think of those who stand tall in the battle wave.
As we see those who were slave,
we think of those who thought their cause was brave.
As we see those fight,
we think of those who were right.
As we see the battle began,
we think of how it never ends.
As we see those with pride,
we think of those who died.

What shall I change in this poem?
Shall I just keep it or add another line?​

Answers

Answer:

we'll it's your choice if you'll keep it or add onather line but for me that poem is already beautiful. You can just keep it, well because I'm satisfied with that. :>

Answer:

I think it is great the way it is. It is beautiful.

Explanation:

By ruling in James McCulloch’s favor in McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court agreed that

Congress should not be involved in creating banks.
McCulloch could continue to pay state, not federal, taxes.
Congress had the power to create a federal bank.
McCulloch could run a state bank under federal laws.

Answers

James McCulloch argued that national banks were necessary and proper for Congress to carry out the enumerated powers.

The correct option is:

Option C. Congress had the power to create a federal bank.

The case between Maryland and McCulloch was:

Maryland argued that the US is a sovereign state. The taxation to any business was within its borders.

McCulloch argued that the constitution does not provide taxational commitment to the federal government.

Thus, the supreme court ruled in the favor of congress as a federal bank.

Therefore, option C is correct.

To know more about the federal government, refer to the following link:

https://brainly.com/question/14020042

Final answer:

By ruling in James McCulloch's favor in McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court agreed that Congress had the power to create a federal bank. This case upheld the principle of federal supremacy over state law.

Explanation:

The Supreme Court ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland favored James McCulloch and underscored the idea that Congress had the power to create a federal bank. This was one of the key cases that established the concept of federal supremacy, where federal law supersedes state law when the two are in conflict. The state of Maryland had attempted to impede operations of a branch of the Second Bank of the United States by imposing a tax on all notes of banks not chartered in Maryland. However, the court ruled that the bank was constitutional and Maryland could not tax instruments of the national government employed in the execution of constitutional powers.

Learn more about McCulloch v. Maryland here:

https://brainly.com/question/10776476

#SPJ3

Which of the following was a characteristic of the change in politics reflected by the campaign of 1840?

A- Both parties spoke positively of their opponent.


B- Both parties cooperated in the interest of national unity.


C- The Whigs publicized their candidate, William Henry Harrison, as a man of the people.


D- Candidates focused on their educational backgrounds to appeal to voters.

Answers

Answer: The correct answer is  C- The Whigs publicized their candidate, William Henry Harrison, as a man of the people.

Explanation: His campaign called him a "man of the people" who would feel right at home in a simple log cabin; they used parades, barbecues and other forms of entertainment to reach ordinary voters.

Ramesh borrowed money from the bank to purchase a car. In addition to paying back the borrowed funds, what else will he owe the bank ? A) Reserves
B) Interest C) credit D) Principal

Answers

With a purchase of a car the he will most likely owe B) Interest back to the bank and his Credit will go up if he payed all of the payments on time and with no shortages.
Answer:

Ramesh will owe the bank B) interest.

Explanation:

Money borrowed from financial institutions is called the loan and the terms of payments are specified in the loan agreement. In addition to paying back the loan, the borrower has to pay interest and some other fees if necessary. Depending on the terms, the loan can be paid gradually over a certain period of time.  

Some loans payment lasts up to 30 years while some may take a shorter period. If the plan is to pay monthly, it means that the monthly payment is the loan repayment amount and another potion is the interest cost.

4. Ideally, the beackrest is titled back slightly, so when you turn the wheel your shoulders are ______ the seat.

5. Which of the following is NOT a basic procedure?

Answers

Answer:

Oil maintenance

Explanation:

All the other options should be done every time you get in your vehicle while oil maintenance should be done periodically

Answer: B

Explanation:Touching

How can the U.S. government control financial institution

answers: Voting on a new budget
Loaning money to state governments
Borrowing money from a foreign bank
Passing laws for credit card companies to follow

Answers

Answer:

The best answer from the answer choices, to the question: How can the U.S. government control financial institutions, would be: Passing laws for credit card companies to follow.

Explanation:

Historically in the United States, seldom has the U.S government exerted too much pressure, or control, over banking, or financial institutions, as in general, it is believed that the system should be self-regulatory. However, this ideal came to an end in two historical landmarks that alerted the government that things needed to be placed under a bit of control: the Great Depression of 1929, and later, the Financial Crisis of 2008, where a lot of financial institutions went bankrupt and the economy almost collapsed. Ever since then, regulatory agencies have been established by the U.S government, most prominent of which is the Federal Reserve and the Federal Open Markets Committee (FOMC), among others. These agencies now have the power to establish regulatory laws that place financial institutions under a framework, and one such banking activity that was placed under regulation was credit cards and the companies who issued them. This is why the last answer is the correct one.

Answer:

Passing laws for credit card companies to follow

Explanation:

URGENTTTT I WILL MARK AS BRAINLIEST!!!
all u have to do is fill out the (in parentheses) it’s about a timeline of events that happened when you were younger till now! It could be made up idc!
Thank u so muchhh

Answers

Lol here let me help

Step 3 timeline

Event 1- first day at the park
On May 4,2004
I went to the park for the first time with my aunt. I still have so many pictures

Event 2-first time traveling on a plane
On May 25,2004
I went to maine to go see my aunts and uncles. It was my first time on a boat

Event 3-moving to California
On July 3,2005
I moved to California because my dad got a new job

Event 4- went on a airplane for the first time alone
On March 15,2010
I flew to maine alone and I almost got a cancelled flight and I survived that

Event 5- going to high school
On August 23,2018
First time going to such a big school

The Financial _________ Law requires owners and operators of motor vehicles to be financially responsible for damages they cause when involved in a crash.
Responsibility
Involvement
Duty
Morality

Answers

Answer:

Responsibility

Explanation:

it is the law that best describes it

why is legislature called law factory​

Answers

Answer:

it is called "Ordinances"

Explanation:

Because they make the laws.

Federal vs State government essay

Answers

Each state has their own specific unique laws established individually for their state. In conjunction with those laws that exist over the people in their specific state there are also federal laws that govern the states as well as the people who live in them. These laws that govern the people are known as state laws and federal laws. The U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the land in the United States. “It creates a federal system of government in which power is shared between the federal government and the state governments. Due to federalism, both the federal government and each of the state governments have their own court systems (Comparing State & Federal Courts, 2013)”.

The Constitution provides the federal government the authority it needs to handle the nations international affairs as they deal with foreign policy, this enables the federal government to create and establish the national defense needs of the nation, and it also allows them the power to handle and deal with the issues which are currency related inside the nation. The federal government is superior to state government, and, because of this federal law will override state law.

The Fourteenth Amendment in the United States Constitution designates that the Bill of Rights valid in each state. According to the Constitution federal law is designated to govern items passed in legislation by the United States Congress, and federal law is meant to govern the executive decisions and orders made by the president of the United States. Federal law is also meant to uphold the decisions made by the federal courts according to the rules outlined in the Constitution. The United States Supreme Court is used as the final arbiter for resolution in cases in which the concern is federal law, and federal laws are codified in the United States code and are more powerful and hold a greater weight than the state law (FindLaw, 2012).

State law in short, is the law of the land that governs each state separately. Each state has their own unique designs of laws and each state has their own laws, which are created in their own legislation. The laws that each state creates are created as a bill and passed in each individual state by his or her own state legislature and are approved and signed by the specific state’s governor. The problem with their relationship is that habitually while there is a requirement to exist in general they cannot coexist and when this happens conflicts arise. When conflicts arise the problems are generally taken to federal courts to attempt to find a resolution (The Federal Legal System, 2014).

According to Cornell University Law (2012), “Furthermore, all federal, state, and local officials must take an oath to support the Constitution. This means that state governments and officials cannot take actions or pass laws that interfere with the Constitution, laws passed by Congress, or treaties. The Constitution was interpreted, in 1819, as giving the Supreme Court the power to invalidate any state actions that interfere with the Constitution and the laws and treaties passed pursuant to it.

The general concern with the medical marijuana problem is that although some states have made it a legal substance, which could indeed be used for medical purposes, the fact still remains that even though states have made it legal by federal law, it is a substance that is illegal. Some states have chosen to take the initiative to make marijuana and its sell and distribution legal as long as a doctor is treating those purchasing it and have a legitimate need for it (NCSL, 2014).

Final answer:

Federalism in the United States is a system that divides power between the federal government and state governments. The power balance between the federal government and states has been a topic of debate, with arguments for and against the federal government's level of power. Competitive federalism allows interest groups to influence policy issues at either the federal or state level.

Explanation:

Federalism in the United States is a system that divides power between the federal government and state governments. The federal government has specific powers granted to it by the U.S. Constitution, such as the ability to negotiate treaties with other countries. State governments, on the other hand, have reserved powers and can enforce laws like driving regulations. This division of powers helps maintain a balance between the state and federal governments.

However, the power balance between the federal government and states has been a topic of debate. Some argue that the federal government is too powerful and that states should have more power. Others believe that the federal government should retain its power to ensure national unity and consistency.

Competitive federalism allows interest groups to influence policy issues by taking them to either the federal government or the states. For example, interest groups have used this strategy to advocate for their views on abortion, gun control, and the legal drinking age. Issues like immigration and marriage equality have also seen a shift in the roles played by the federal government and states over time.

24. In the driving environment, your reaction time would about
seconds
A. 3
B. 2.5
C. 2
D. 1.5

Answers

In the driving environment, your reaction time would be about 1.5 seconds.

There are traits like blood type and eye color, and others like speaking English or having a scar. What are the terms used to describe these different types of traits? How are each defined?

Answers

Genetics, considering blood type and eye color are something do to with your genetics. While having a scar and speaking English is a trait. A trait is something that describes you and or a characteristic. I hope this helped.

Answer:

Genetics

Explanation:

The eye color of an individual; is usually determined through genes and structure of pigments surrounding the eye. This helps in controlling the light that gets into the eye. The eye color may change from blue to other different colors. The genetic chromes also contribute to the change of genes.

Although used to reason that a single gene determines genetic mutations, but the science has proven it wrong. Therefore, genetics can result in different changes in an individual’s life.

Other Questions
Leonardo wrote an equation that has an infinite number of solutions. One of the terms in Leonardos equation is missing, as shown below. Which of the following actions might be considered punitive?A.receiving a giftB.sitting in time-outC.receiving a warm smile On October 1, 2016, Acme Fuel Co. sold 100,000 gallons of heating oil to Karn Co. at $3 per gallon. Fifty thousand gallons were delivered on December 15, 2016, and the remaining 50,000 gallons were delivered on January 15, 2017. Payment terms were 50% due on October 1, 2016, 25% due on first delivery, and the remaining 25% due on second delivery. What amount of revenue should Acme recognize from this sale during 2017?a) $75,000b) $150,000c) $225,000d) $300,000 9-6a - 24a2Factor completely Bob's golf score at his local course follows the normal distribution with a mean of 92.1 and a standard deviation of 3.8. What is the probability that the score on his next round of golf will be between 82 and 89? You are going to play two games. The probability you win the first game is 0.60. If you win the first game, the probability you will win the second game is 0.75. If lose the first game, the probability you win the second game is 0.55. What is the probability you win exactly one game? (Round your answer to two decimal places) Which of these is not a tool the United States uses as part of its economic foreign policy?A. Military action against competitorsB. Negotiating or joining trade agreementsC. Providing foreign aid to struggling countriesD. Using sanctions to restrict trade The product of -2 and a number is at most 10.Find the possible numbers.Ons-5On>-5On Multiply each equation by a number that produces oppositecoefficients for x or y.4x + 5y = 73x-2y=-12 Read the first two lines of Elizabeth Bishop's poem "The Fish" below: I caught a tremendous fish and held him beside the boatwhich best describes the tone in these lines?a. afraidb. proudc. sympatheticd. regretfulApex The height of a triangle is 5 m less than its base. The area of the triangle is 42 m. Find the length of the base.7m8 m11 m12 m Recently, your parents read in the newspaper that american factory worker jobs have the lowest income range. what is the best explanation for this fact Choose all that apply.From the lesson, which of the following can lead to an empire's collapse?the forming of other empiresinternal problemsna poor economyno one wants to leadunhappy citizens What is a difference between systemic and pulmonary circulation? A. Systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood to the lungs and pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the body. B. Systemic circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs and pulmonary circulation carries oxygenated blood to the body. C. Systemic circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the body and pulmonary circulation carries oxygenated blood to the lungs. D. Systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood to the body and pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs. An electric shock can result in anything from a slight tingling sensation to immediate cardiac arrest. The severity depends on the amount of current flowing through the body, the current's path through the body, the length of time the body remains in the circuit, and the current's ________. What are the steps to solving the inequality 3b + 8 14? In which type of exercise would fat reserves be used to create ATP Which statement best explains why the development of a new area of science can lead to changes in a theory?A. A new area of science attracts new scientists who study old theories for flaws.B. A new area of science promotes experimentation from a different point of view.C. A new area of science allows old theories to be reworded using new terminology.D. A new area of science encourages scientists to replace old theories with modern ones. please help :')Typist Words Typed Minutes TypingElla 640 16Harper 450 15Owen 560 14Shaquille 540 12who typed quickest??EllaHarperOwenorShaquille the moon landing is considered part of Kennedy's legacy even though it happened during the nixon administration why is this?