Answer:
The complete question is stated below:
An obstetrician knew that there were more live births during the week than on weekends. She wanted to determine whether the mean number of births was the same for each of the five days of the week. She randomly selected eight dates for each of the five days of the week and obtained the following data:
Monday: Tuesday: Wednesday: Thursday: Friday:
10,456 11,621 11,084 11,171 11,545
10,023 11,944 11,570 11,745 12,321
10,691 11,045 11,346 12,023 11,749
10,283 12,927 11,875 12,433 12,192
10,265 12,577 12,193 12,132 12,422
11,189 11,753 11,593 11,903 11,627
11,198 12,509 11,216 11,233 11,624
11,465 13,521 11,818 12,543 12,543
a. Write the null and alternative hypotheses.
b. State the requirements that must be satisfied to use the one-way ANOVA procedure.
c On which day or dates are there more births?
Answer:
a. Null Hypothesis: There is no statistically significant difference between the mean number of babies born alive on Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Thursdays and Fridays.
Alternative Hypothesis: The mean number of babies born alive on each weekday from Monday to Friday are not the same.
b) 1. The dependent variable should be measured at ratio or interval level
2. The independent variable should contain at least two groups that are categorical and independent
3. There must independence of observations between and within the various groups
4. No significant outliers should exist
5. for each group of the independent variable, the dependent variable should be approximately normally distributed.
6. the variances should be homogeneous
c. There are more births on Tuesdays and Fridays
Step-by-step explanation:
a. A Null Hypothesis is one that states that no statistical significance exist between the two variables in the hypothesis. It is the null hypothesis that the researcher tries to disprove. While the alternative hypothesis is simply the opposite of the null hypothesis, it hypothesizes that there is indeed a statistically significant relationship between the variables in question.
b. 1. The dependent variable should be measured at ratio or interval level; among the various levels of measurements such as ordinal, nominal, ratio or interval, the dependent variable must be either on the interval or ratio level.
2. The independent variable should contain at least two groups that are categorical and independent; the independent variable, in this case, the number of live births, should be two groups or more, and they should be categorical.
3. There must independence of observations between and within the various groups; the values observed within each group should be independent of the other. For example, no one pregnant woman should be involved in more than one group.
4. No significant outliers should exist; outliers are single data points within the measured variable that do not follow the usual point pattern of the other values, either values that are too high or too low. they reduce the accuracy of the one-way ANOVA.
5. for each group of the independent variable, the dependent variable should be approximately normally distributed; violations of normality causes the result to be invalid. It can only hold little variations to produce valid results.
6. the variances should be homogeneous; the variances (distribution or spread around the mean) of the two or more test groups must be considered equal.
c. Tuesday with a mean livebirth of 12,237 births and Friday with an average livebirth of 12,002 births have the most number of births.
A 20-minute consumer survey mailed to 500 adults aged 25-34 included a $5 Starbucks gift certificate. The same surveywas mailed to 500 adults aged 25-34 without the gift certificate. There were 65 responses from the first group and 45 fromthe second group. Form a 95 percent confidence interval for the difference of proportions. Does it include zero?
Answer:
[tex](0.13-0.09) - 1.96 \sqrt{\frac{0.13(1-0.13)}{500} +\frac{0.09(1-0.09)}{500}}=0.00129[/tex]
[tex](0.13-0.09) + 1.96 \sqrt{\frac{0.13(1-0.13)}{500} +\frac{0.09(1-0.09)}{500}}=0.0787[/tex]
And the 95% confidence interval would be given (0.00129;0.0787).
We are confident at 95% that the difference between the two proportions is between [tex]0.00129 \leq p_B -p_A \leq 0.0787[/tex]
And as we can see the confidence interval for the difference on this case not contains the 0.
Step-by-step explanation:
Previous concepts
A confidence interval is "a range of values that’s likely to include a population value with a certain degree of confidence. It is often expressed a % whereby a population means lies between an upper and lower interval".
The margin of error is the range of values below and above the sample statistic in a confidence interval.
Normal distribution, is a "probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean".
Solution to the problem
[tex]p_A[/tex] represent the real population proportion for the gift certificate
[tex]\hat p_A =\frac{65}{500}=0.13[/tex] represent the estimated proportion for the gift certificate
[tex]n_A=500[/tex] is the sample size required for the gift certificate
[tex]p_B[/tex] represent the real population proportion for without the gift certificate
[tex]\hat p_B =\frac{45}{500}=0.09[/tex] represent the estimated proportion for without the gift certificate
[tex]n_B=500[/tex] is the sample size required for Brand B
[tex]z[/tex] represent the critical value for the margin of error
The population proportion have the following distribution
[tex]p \sim N(p,\sqrt{\frac{p(1-p)}{n}})[/tex]
The confidence interval for the difference of two proportions would be given by this formula
[tex](\hat p_A -\hat p_B) \pm z_{\alpha/2} \sqrt{\frac{\hat p_A(1-\hat p_A)}{n_A} +\frac{\hat p_B (1-\hat p_B)}{n_B}}[/tex]
For the 95% confidence interval the value of [tex]\alpha=1-0.95=0.05[/tex] and [tex]\alpha/2=0.025[/tex], with that value we can find the quantile required for the interval in the normal standard distribution.
[tex]z_{\alpha/2}=1.96[/tex]
And replacing into the confidence interval formula we got:
[tex](0.13-0.09) - 1.96 \sqrt{\frac{0.13(1-0.13)}{500} +\frac{0.09(1-0.09)}{500}}=0.00129[/tex]
[tex](0.13-0.09) + 1.96 \sqrt{\frac{0.13(1-0.13)}{500} +\frac{0.09(1-0.09)}{500}}=0.0787[/tex]
And the 95% confidence interval would be given (0.00129;0.0787).
We are confident at 95% that the difference between the two proportions is between [tex]0.00129 \leq p_B -p_A \leq 0.0787[/tex]
And as we can see the confidence interval for the difference on this case not contains the 0.
I have four different sweaters. Every day I choose one of the four sweaters at random to wear. Let X be the number of different sweaters I wore during a 5-day week.
(For example, if my 5-day sweater sequence is 3,2,4,4,2 then X = 3 because that week I wore sweaters {2,3.4}.)
Find the mean of X.
The mean of the number of different sweaters worn in a week is 2.76. This is calculated by multiplying each possible outcome (from 1 to 4 different sweaters) by its probability and then adding these up.
Explanation:The random variable X here is the number of different sweaters you wear in a week. To find the mean (expected value) of a random variable, you need to take each possible outcome, multiply it by its probability, and then add up all these products.
Here are the possibilities:
You could wear the same sweater every day - there's 4 ways this can happen, so the probability is 4/(4^5) = 4/1024. You could wear 2 different sweaters - there are 4*3*2^4=192 ways this can happen, so the probability is 192/1024. You could wear 3 different sweaters - there are 4*3*2*3^2=432 ways this can happen, so the probability is 432/1024. You could wear 4 different sweaters - there are 4*3*2*1*4=96 ways this can happen, so the probability is 96/1024. You could wear all 4 different sweaters - there are 4! = 24 ways this can happen, so the probability is 24/1024.
So, the expected value or mean of X is:
1*(4/1024) + 2*(192/1024) + 3*(432/1024) + 4*(96/1024) + 4*(24/1024) = 2.76
So on an average week, you would expect to wear about 2 to 3 different sweaters.
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A cube-shaped water tank having 6 ft side lengths is being filled with water. The bottom is solid metal but the sides of the tank are thin glass which can only withstand a maximum force of 200 lb. How high (in ft) can the water reach before the sides shatter?
(Assume a density of water rho = 62.4 lb/ft3.
Round your answer to two decimal places.)
The distance the in which the water will reach before it shatters will be 1.03ft
Data;
Let the integral run from surface (y = 0) to maximum depth (y = d)ftLet the differential depth = dydtThe area of each depth = 6dy ft^2The Force Acting at any DepthUsing integration, the force at any depth y is 62.4y lb/ft^3
[tex]200 = \int\limits^d_0 {62.4y} \, 6dy\\ 200 = \int\limits^d_0 {374.4y} \, dy\\ 200 = \int\limits^6_0 {374.4y} \, dy\\ 200 = [374.4/2 y^2]_0^d\\200 = 187.2(d^2 - 0)\\200 = 187.2d^2\\d^2 = 200/187.2\\d = 1.03ft[/tex]
From the calculations above, the distance in which the water will reach before it shatters is 1.03ft
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A survey regarding the communication habits of Americans was conducted. The study randomly selected 700 American citizens and asked them a series of questions about their daily communication methods. Three primary methods of communication were identified as social media (M), SMS text messaging (T), cell phone call (C). The results are summarized below.
480 people responded using M or T
300 people use all three primary forms of comunication
465 people responded using M or C
440 people responded using C or T
405 respondents use at least 2 of the primary forms of comunication
There was nobody who used both M and C but did not use T
210 respondents used only forms of communication that differed from the primary 3
385 people use both C and T
a. Create a well labeled Venn diagram representing the survey.
b. How many people in the survey used only 1 of the three primary forms of communication?
c. What is the probability that a survey respondent used SMS text messaging?
d. What is the probability that a survey respondent used exactly 2 of the 3 primary forms of communication?
e. Given that a survey respondent used at least 1 of the 3 primary forms of communication, what is the probability that they used all 3?
f. Given a respondent used social media and standard calling with a cell phone, what is the probability that they also used SMS text messaging?
Answer:
answers and explanation is shown in the attachment
Step-by-step explanation:
The detailed steps and necessary substitution is as shown in the attached files.
A high school baseball player has a 0.212 batting average. In one game, he gets 9 at bats. What is the probability he will get at least 2 hits in the game?
Answer:
59.92% probability he will get at least 2 hits in the game.
Step-by-step explanation:
For each at bat, there are only two possible outcomes. Either he gets a hit, or he does not. The probability of a getting a hit in each at bat is independent. So we use the binomial probability distribution to solve this question.
Binomial probability distribution
The binomial probability is the probability of exactly x successes on n repeated trials, and X can only have two outcomes.
[tex]P(X = x) = C_{n,x}.p^{x}.(1-p)^{n-x}[/tex]
In which [tex]C_{n,x}[/tex] is the number of different combinations of x objects from a set of n elements, given by the following formula.
[tex]C_{n,x} = \frac{n!}{x!(n-x)!}[/tex]
And p is the probability of X happening.
In this problem we have that:
[tex]p = 0.212[/tex]
In one game, he gets 9 at bats. What is the probability he will get at least 2 hits in the game?
This is [tex]P(X \geq 2)[/tex] when [tex]n = 9[/tex]
He either gets less than two hits in the game, or he gets at least two hits. The sum of the probabilities of these events is decimal 1. So
[tex]P(X < 2) + P(X \geq 2) = 1[/tex]
[tex]P(X \geq 2) = 1 - P(X < 2)[/tex]
In which
[tex]P(X < 2) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1)[/tex]
[tex]P(X = x) = C_{n,x}.p^{x}.(1-p)^{n-x}[/tex]
[tex]P(X = 0) = C_{9,0}.(0.212)^{0}.(0.788)^{9} = 0.1171[/tex]
[tex]P(X = 1) = C_{9,1}.(0.212)^{1}.(0.788)^{8} = 0.2837[/tex]
[tex]P(X < 2) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) = 0.1171 + 0.2837 = 0.4008[/tex]
Finally
[tex]P(X \geq 2) = 1 - P(X < 2) = 1 - 0.4008 = 0.5992[/tex]
59.92% probability he will get at least 2 hits in the game.
Sven starts walking due south at 6 feet per second from a point 140 feet north of an intersection. At the same time Rudyard starts walking due east at 4 feet per second from a point 170 feet west of the intersection.
(a) Write an expression for the distance d between Sven and Rudyard t seconds after they start walking.
(b) When are Sven and Rudyard closest? (Round your answer to two decimal places.)
What is the minimum distance between them? (Round your answer to two decimal places.)
Answer:
a) y= y₀+vy*t , x= x₀+vx*t
b) they are closest at t= 29.23 s
c) r min = 63.79 ft
Step-by-step explanation:
a) denoting v as velocities and "₀" as initial conditions , then the position of Sven is given by the coordinate (0,y) where
y= y₀+vy*t
and the position of Rudyard is given by the coordinate (x,0) where
x= x₀+vx*t
b) the distance r between Sven and Rudyard is given by
r²=x²+y²
the distance will be minimum when the derivative of r with respect to the time is 0 . Then taking the derivative of the equation above
2*r*dr/dt = 2*x*dx/dt + 2*y*dy/dt
since dx/dt= vx and dy/dt= vy , then
r*dr/dt = x*vx+ y*vy
dr/dt = (x*vx+ y*vy)/r
assuming that r cannot be 0 , then
dr/dt =0 → x*vx+ y*vy = 0
(x₀+vx*t)*vx + (y₀+vy*t)*vy = 0
-(x₀*vx + y₀*vy) = (vx²+vy²)*t
t= -(x₀*vx + y₀*vy)/(vx²+vy²)
replacing values
t= -(x₀*vx + y₀*vy)/(vx²+vy²) = -[ 140 ft*(-6ft/s) + (-170 ft)*4 ft/s]/[ (-6ft/s)²+ (4 ft/s)²] = 29.23 s
then they are closest at t= 29.23 s
and the minimum distance will be
x = x₀ + vx*t = 140 ft+(-6ft/s)*29.23 s = -35.38 ft
y= y₀+vy*t = (-170 ft)+ 4 ft/s*29.23 s = -53.08 ft
r min = √(x²+y²)= 63.79 ft
r min = 63.79 ft
Note
to prove our assumption that r is not 0 , then x and y should be 0 at the same time. thus
0= y₀+vy*t → t = (-y₀)/vy = -140 ft/(-6ft/s) = 26.33 s
0= x₀+vx*t → t= (-x₀)/vx = -(-170 ft)/4 ft/s = 42.5 s
then r is never 0
The distribution of a sample of the outside diameters of PVC pipes approximates a normal distribution. The mean is 14.0 inches, and the standard deviation is 0.1 inches. About 68% of the outside diameters lie between what two amounts? A. 13.9 and 14.1 inches B. 13.0 and 15.0 inches C. 13.8 and 14.2 inches D. 13.5 and 14.5 inches
Answer:
A. 13.9 and 14.1 inches
See explanation below.
Step-by-step explanation:
Previous concepts
Normal distribution, is a "probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean".
The Z-score is "a numerical measurement used in statistics of a value's relationship to the mean (average) of a group of values, measured in terms of standard deviations from the mean".
Solution to the problem
Let X the random variable that represent the outside diameters of a population, and for this case we know the distribution for X is given by:
[tex]X \sim N(14,0.1)[/tex]
Where [tex]\mu=14[/tex] and [tex]\sigma=0.1[/tex]
If we want the middle 68% of the data we need to have on the tails 16% on each one
For this part we want to find a value a, such that we satisfy this condition:
[tex]P(X>a)=0.84[/tex] (a)
[tex]P(X<a)=0.16[/tex] (b)
Both conditions are equivalent on this case. We can use the z score again in order to find the value a.
As we can see on the figure attached the z value that satisfy the condition with 0.16 of the area on the left and 0.84 of the area on the right it's z=-0.994. On this case P(Z<-0.994)=0.16 and P(z>-0.994)=0.84
If we use condition (b) from previous we have this:
[tex]P(X<a)=P(\frac{X-\mu}{\sigma}<\frac{a-\mu}{\sigma})=0.16[/tex]
[tex]P(z<\frac{a-\mu}{\sigma})=0.16[/tex]
But we know which value of z satisfy the previous equation so then we can do this:
[tex]z=-0.994<\frac{a-14}{0.1}[/tex]
And if we solve for a we got
[tex]a=14 -0.994*0.1=13.9[/tex]
And since the distribution is symmetrical for the upper limit we can use z = 0.994 and we have:
[tex]z=0.994<\frac{a-14}{0.1}[/tex]
And if we solve for a we got
[tex]a=14 +0.994*0.1=14.1[/tex]
So the correct answer for this case would be:
A. 13.9 and 14.1 inches
3)A triangle has all integer side lengths and two of those sides have lengths 9 and 16. Consider the altitudes to the three sides. What is the largest possible value of the ratio of any two of those altitudes
Answer: 2
Step-by-step explanation:
16/9=1.7
=Approximately=2
Answer:
2 is the largest possible value.
Step-by-step explanation:
Given Data:
Length of one side = 9
Length of second side = 16
Let AB and BC sides of triangle be of length 9 and 16 respectively as shown in figure attached.
Now, let sides AD and CF be the respective altitudes.
Also, ∠ABC = ∅ (as shown in figure)
If AD and CF are the respective altitudes then,
we have
AD = 9Sin∅ ;
CF = 16Sin∅;
By dividing both sides, we get
AD/CF = 9/16
This equation shows that is independant of angle ∅.
Now, let ∠BAC = α
Now we have, BE = 9 sinα
and FC = AC sinα
By dividing both sides, we get
BE/FC=9/AC
Similarly we also have,
BE/AD = 16/AC
ABC is a triangle as long as length of AC is ithin range of 8 to 24 i.e, 8≤AC≤24 (because sum of any two sides of triangle should be greater than length of third side)
Using these values we get ranges of:
9/24 ≤ BF/FC ≤ 9/8 ; 2/3 ≤ BE/AD ≤ 2
So,
2 is the largest possible value of the ratio of any two of these altitudes.
What is a real life word problem for the equation y=2x
Answer:
You want to buy some golden apples. Each golden apple cost $2. How much much does golden apples pass cost?
y = total cost
x = amount of apple
Sophia and London work at a dry cleaners ironing shirts. Sophia can iron 40 shirts per hour, and London can iron 25 shirts per hour. Sophia and London worked a combined 11 hours and ironed 365 shirts. Write a system of equations that could be used to determine the number of hours Sophia worked and the number of hours London worked. Define the variables that you use to write the system.
We can define two variables: S represents Sophia's hours, and L represents London's hours. The first equation representing total combined work time is S + L = 11 hours. The second equation, representing total shirts completed, is 40S + 25L = 365 shirts.
Explanation:Let's define our variables as follows: S stands for the hours Sophia worked and L for the hours London worked. Since Sophia and London worked a total of 11 hours, we can write the first equation as S + L = 11. Each worker's production rate times the hours they worked will total the shirts they produced. So, our second equation is 40S + 25L = 365. These two equations can be used to find the number of hours Sophia and London worked respectively.
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Identify the type of data (qualitative/quantitative) and the level of measurement for the data described below. Explain your choice. The average monthly rainfall in inches for a certain city throughout the year Are the data qualitative or quantitative?
A. Quantitative, because numerical values, found by either measuring or counting, are used to describe the data
B. Qualitative, because numerical values, found by either measuring or counting, are used to describe the data °
C. Qualitative, because descriptive terms are used to measure or classify the data 0
D. Quantitative, because descriptive terms are used to measure or classify the data
What is the data set's level of measurement?
A. Nominal, because the data are categories or labels that cannot be ranked.
B. Ordinal, because the data are categories or labels that can be ranked °
C. Ratio, because the differences in the data can be meaningfully measured, and the data have a true zero point.
D. Interval, because the differences in the data can be meaningfully measured, but the data do not have a true zero point.
Answer:
Option A) Quantitative, because numerical values, found by either measuring or counting, are used to describe the data
Option C) Ratio, because the differences in the data can be meaningfully measured, and the data have a true zero point.
Step-by-step explanation:
We are given the following in the question:
"The average monthly rainfall in inches for a certain city throughout the year"
Qualitative or quantitative:
Quantitative data are measures of values or counts and are expressed as numbers. Qualitative data are measures of 'types' and may be represented by a name, symbol, or a number code. They are non-parametric values.Thus, the given quantitative data is quantitative because rainfall is always measured and the output is expressed in numerical values.
Option A) Quantitative, because numerical values, found by either measuring or counting, are used to describe the data
Level of measurement:
Ordinal: These are the qualitative variable whose order plays an important role.Interval: When true zero does not exist. The negative values of such variables make sense.Ratio: When true zero exist. The negative values of such variable does not make any sense.Since,for the given data true zero exist and a negative values make no sense, thus its is ratio.
Option C) Ratio, because the differences in the data can be meaningfully measured, and the data have a true zero point.
The data described is quantitative because it is measured in numerical values. The level of measurement for this data is interval because the differences between data points can be meaningfully measured, but the data lacks a true zero point.
The data about the average monthly rainfall in inches for a certain city throughout the year is a Quantitative Data. This is because the data are numerical values which are obtained through measuring. Quantitative data is based on numbers and can be manipulated using statistical methods. The type of measurement used for this data set is Interval. This is because although the differences in the data (rainfall from one month to the next) can be meaningfully measured, the data do not have a 'true zero' point since there isn't a point where there’s absolutely no rainfall.
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The time taken to deliver a pizza has a uniform probability distribution from 20 minutes to 60 minutes. What is the probability that the time to deliver a pizza is at least 32 minutes?
The results on a certain blood test performed in a medical laboratory are known to be approximately normally distributed, with m=60 and s=18.
a. What percentage of the results are above 45?
b. What percentage of the results are below 85?
c. What percentage of the results are between 75 and 90?
d. What percentage of the results are outside the "healthy range" of 20 to 100?
Answer:
(1) The probability that the time to deliver a pizza is at least 32 minutes is 0.70.
(2a) The percentage of results more than 45 is 79.67%.
(2b) The percentage of results less than 85 is 91.77%.
(2c) The percentage of results are between 75 and 90 is 15.58%.
(2d) The percentage of results outside the healthy range 20 to 100 is 2.64%.
Step-by-step explanation:
(1)
Let Y = the time taken to deliver a pizza.
The random variable Y follows a Uniform distribution, U (20, 60).
The probability distribution function of a Uniform distribution is:
[tex]f(x)=\left \{ {{\frac{1}{b-a};\ x\in [a, b] } \atop {0};\ otherwise} \right.[/tex]
Compute the probability that the time to deliver a pizza is at least 32 minutes as follows:
[tex]P(Y\geq 32)=\int\limits^{60}_{32} {\frac{1}{b-a} } \, dx \\=\frac{1}{60-20} \int\limits^{60}_{32} {1 } \, dx\\=\frac{1}{40}\times[x]^{60}_{32}\\=\frac{1}{40}\times[60-32]\\=0.70[/tex]
Thus, the probability that the time to deliver a pizza is at least 32 minutes is 0.70.
(2)
Let X = results of a certain blood test.
It is provided that the random variable X follows a Normal distribution with parameters [tex]\mu = 60[/tex] and [tex]s = 18[/tex].
The probabilities of a Normal distribution are computed by converting the raw scores to z-scores.
The z-scores follows a Standard normal distribution, N (0, 1).
(a)
Compute the probability that the results are more than 45 as follows:
[tex]P(X>45)=P(\frac{X-\mu}{\sigma}> \frac{45-60}{18})=P(Z>-0.833)=P(Z<0.833)=0.7967[/tex]
The percentage of results more than 45 is: [tex]0.7967\times100=79.67\%[/tex]
Thus, the percentage of results more than 45 is 79.67%.
(b)
Compute the probability that the results are less than 85 as follows:
[tex]P(X<85)=P(\frac{X-\mu}{\sigma}< \frac{85-60}{18})=P(Z<1.389)=0.9177[/tex]
The percentage of results less than 85 is: [tex]0.9177\times100=91.77\%[/tex]
Thus, the percentage of results less than 85 is 91.77%.
(c)
Compute the probability that the results are between 75 and 90 as follows:
[tex]P(75<X<90)=P(\frac{75-60}{18}<\frac{X-\mu}{\sigma}< \frac{90-60}{18})\\=P(0.833<Z<1.67)\\=P(Z<1.67)-P(Z<0.833)\\=0.9525-0.7967\\=0.1558[/tex]
The percentage of results are between 75 and 90 is: [tex]0.1558\times100=15.58\%[/tex]
Thus, the percentage of results are between 75 and 90 is 15.58%.
(d)
Compute the probability that the results are between 20 and 100 as follows:
[tex]P(20<X<100)=P(\frac{20-60}{18}<\frac{X-\mu}{\sigma}< \frac{100-60}{18})\\=P(-2.22<Z<2.22)\\=P(Z<2.22)-P(Z<-2.22)\\=0.9868-0.0132\\=0.9736[/tex]
Then the probability that the results outside the range 20 to 100 is: [tex]1-0.9736=0.0264[/tex].
The percentage of results outside the range 20 to 100 is: [tex]0.0264\times100=2.64\%[/tex]
Thus, the percentage of results outside the healthy range 20 to 100 is 2.64%.
Given the value of cos 50° ? 0.6428, enter the sine of a complementary angle. Use an expression relating trigonometric ratios of complementary angles.
sin 40° = 0.6428
Step-by-step explanation:
The complementary ratio of sine is cos and vice-versa.
sin θ = cos (90 - θ)
cos θ = sin (90 - θ)
So cos 50° = sin (90 - 50)°
= sin 40°
sin 40° = 0.6428
This indicates that the complement of cos 50° is sin 40° which is equal to 0.6428.
Prove each of the following statements below using one of the proof techniques and state the proof strategy you use.
a. The product of an odd and even integer is even.
b. Let m and n be integers. Show that if mn is even, then m is even or n is even.
c. If r is a nonzero rational number and p is an irrational number, then rp is irrational.
d. For all real numbers a, b,and c, max(a, max(b,c)) = max(max(a, b),c).
e. If a and bare rational numbers, then ab is rational too.
f. If a and bare two distinct rational numbers, then there exists an irrational number between them.
g. If m +n and n+p are even integers where m, n,p are integers, then m +p is even.
Answer:
See below
Step-by-step explanation:
a) Direct proof: Let m be an odd integer and n be an even integer. Then, there exist integers k,j such that m=2k+1 and n=2j. Then mn=(2k+1)(2j)=2r, where r=j(2k+1) is an integer. Thus, mn is even.
b) Proof by counterpositive: Suppose that m is not even and n is not even. Then m is odd and n is odd, that is, m=2k+1 and n=2j+1 for some integers k,j. Thus, mn=4kj+2k+2j+1=2(kj+k+j)+1=2r+1, where r=kj+k+j is an integer. Hence mn is odd, i.e, mn is not even. We have proven the counterpositive.
c) Proof by contradiction: suppose that rp is NOT irrational, then rp=m/n for some integers m,n, n≠. Since r is a non zero rational number, r=a/b for some non-zero integers a,b. Then p=rp/r=rp(b/a)=(m/n)(b/a)=mb/na. Now n,a are non zero integers, thus na is a non zero integer. Additionally, mb is an integer. Therefore p is rational which is contradicts that p is irrational. Hence np is irrational.
d) Proof by cases: We can verify this directly with all the possible orderings for a,b,c. There are six cases:
a≥b≥c, a≥c≥b, b≥a≥c, b≥c≥a, c≥b≥a, c≥a≥b
Writing the details for each one is a bit long. I will give you an example for one case: suppose that c≥b≥a then max(a, max(b,c))=max(a,c)=c. On the other hand, max(max(a, b),c)=max(b,c)=c, hence the statement is true in this case.
e) Direct proof: write a=m/n and b=p/q, with m,q integers and n,q nonnegative integers. Then ab=mp/nq. mp is an integer, and nq is a non negative integer. Hence ab is rational.
f) Direct proof. By part c), √2/n is irrational for all natural numbers n. Furthermore, a is rational, then a+√2/n is irrational. Take n large enough in such a way that b-a>√2/n (b-a>0 so it is possible). Then a+√2/n is between a and b.
g) Direct proof: write m+n=2k and n+p=2j for some integers k,j. Add these equations to get m+2n+p=2k+2j. Then m+p=2k+2j-2n=2(k+j-n)=2s for some integer s=k+j-n. Thus m+p is even.
A bacteria culture initially contains 100 cells and grows at a rate proportional to its size. After an hour the population has increased to 380.(a) Find an expression for the number of bacteria after t hours.P(t)
Answer:
P(t) = 100(3.8^t)
Step-by-step explanation:
You want a function P(t) that describes the exponential population growth of a bacteria culture from 100 cells to 380 in one hour, where t is in hours.
Exponential functionThe function can be written in the form ...
population = (initial population) × (growth factor)^(t/(growth period))
Here, the initial population is 100, and the growth factor in a period of 1 hour is 380/100 = 3.8. Since we want t in hours, this is ...
population = 100 × 3.8^(t/1)
P(t) = 100(3.8^t)
The Bagel Club at Middle Township High School sells bagels to teachers for $2 each. Each day they spend $!9 on supplies. How many bagels did the club sell on Thursday if their profit was $55?
I need a good Grade. Plz Help me
Answer:
32
Step-by-step explanation:
32 X 2 = 64. 64 - 9 = 55.
An engineer is comparing voltages for two types of batteries (K and Q) using a sample of 37 type K batteries and a sample of 58 type Q batteries. The mean voltage is measured as 8.54 for the type K batteries with a standard deviation of 0.225, and the mean voltage is 8.69 for type Q batteries with a standard deviation of 0.725. Conduct a hypothesis test for the conjecture that the mean voltage for these two types of batteries is different. Let μ1 be the true mean voltage for type K batteries and μ2 be the true mean voltage for type Q batteries.Use a 0.1 level of significance.
Answer:
Hypothesis Test states that we will accept null hypothesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
We are given that an engineer is comparing voltages for two types of batteries (K and Q).
where, [tex]\mu_1[/tex] = true mean voltage for type K batteries.
[tex]\mu_2[/tex] = true mean voltage for type Q batteries.
So, Null Hypothesis, [tex]H_0[/tex] : [tex]\mu_1 = \mu_2[/tex] {mean voltage for these two types of
batteries is same}
Alternate Hypothesis, [tex]H_1[/tex] : [tex]\mu_1 \neq \mu_2[/tex] {mean voltage for these two types of
batteries is different]
The test statistics we use here will be :
[tex]\frac{(X_1bar-X_2bar) - (\mu_1 - \mu_2) }{s_p\sqrt{\frac{1}{n_1}+\frac{1}{n_2} } }[/tex] follows [tex]t_n__1 + n_2 -2[/tex]
where, [tex]X_1bar[/tex] = 8.54 and [tex]X_2bar[/tex] = 8.69
[tex]s_1[/tex] = 0.225 and [tex]s_2[/tex] = 0.725
[tex]n_1[/tex] = 37 and [tex]n_2[/tex] = 58
[tex]s_p = \sqrt{\frac{(n_1-1)s_1^{2}+(n_2-1)s_2^{2} }{n_1+n_2-2} } = \sqrt{\frac{(37-1)0.225^{2}+(58-1)0.725^{2} }{37+58-2} }[/tex] = 0.585 Here, we use t test statistics because we know nothing about population standard deviations.
Test statistics = [tex]\frac{(8.54-8.69) - 0 }{0.585\sqrt{\frac{1}{37}+\frac{1}{58} } }[/tex] follows [tex]t_9_3[/tex]
= -1.219
At 0.1 or 10% level of significance t table gives a critical value between (-1.671,-1.658) to (1.671,1.658) at 93 degree of freedom. Since our test statistics is more than the critical table value of t as -1.219 > (-1.671,-1.658) so we have insufficient evidence to reject null hypothesis.
Therefore, we conclude that mean voltage for these two types of batteries is same.
In a factory there are 100100 units of a certain product, 55 of which are defective. We pick three units from the 100 units at random. What is the probability that exactly one of them is defective
Answer:
There is a 33.67% probability that exactly one of them is defective.
Step-by-step explanation:
A probability is the number of desired outcomes divided by the number of total outcomes.
Here, we can have different formats. For example, D-ND-ND is the same as ND-D-ND, that is, the ordering is not important. So we use the combinations formula.
Combinations formula:
[tex]C_{n,x}[/tex] is the number of different combinations of x objects from a set of n elements, given by the following formula.
[tex]C_{n,x} = \frac{n!}{x!(n-x)!}[/tex]
Desired outcomes
One defective(one from a set of 55) and two non defective(two from a set of 45). So
[tex]D = C_{55,1}*C_{45,2} = \frac{55!}{54!1}*\frac{45!}{43!2!} = 55*45*22 = 54450[/tex]
Total outcomes
Three from a set of 100. So
[tex]T = C_{100,3} = \frac{100!}{97!3!} = 161700[/tex]
What is the probability that exactly one of them is defective
[tex]P = \frac{D}{T} = \frac{54450}{161700} = 0.3367[/tex]
There is a 33.67% probability that exactly one of them is defective.
The toasters produced by a company have a normally distributed life span with a mean of 5.8 years and a standard deviation of 0.9 years, what warranty should be provided so that the company is replacing at most 10% of their toasters sold? a. 4.3 years b. 5.9 years c. 4.5 years d. 4.6 years
Answer:
d. 4.6 years
Step-by-step explanation:
Problems of normally distributed samples can be solved using the z-score formula.
In a set with mean [tex]\mu[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]\sigma[/tex], the zscore of a measure X is given by:
[tex]Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}[/tex]
The Z-score measures how many standard deviations the measure is from the mean. After finding the Z-score, we look at the z-score table and find the p-value associated with this z-score. This p-value is the probability that the value of the measure is smaller than X, that is, the percentile of X. Subtracting 1 by the pvalue, we get the probability that the value of the measure is greater than X.
In this problem, we have that:
[tex]\mu = 5.8, \sigma = 0.9[/tex]
What warranty should be provided so that the company is replacing at most 10% of their toasters sold?
Only those on the 10th percentile or lower will be replaced.
So the warranty is the value of X when Z has a pvalue of 0.10.
So it is X when [tex]Z = -1.28[/tex]
[tex]Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}[/tex]
[tex]-1.28 = \frac{X - 5.8}{0.9}[/tex]
[tex]X - 5.8 = -1.28*0.9[/tex]
[tex]X = 4.6[/tex]
So the correct answer is:
d. 4.6 years
Final answer:
To find the warranty length, we need to determine the value that corresponds to the 10th percentile of the normally distributed life span. By solving the equation using the z-score formula, we find that the warranty should be provided for at least 4.6 years.
Explanation:
In order to determine the warranty that should be provided to the toasters, we need to find the value that corresponds to the 10th percentile of the normally distributed life span. To do this, we can use a standard normal distribution table or a calculator. The z-score for the 10th percentile is approximately -1.28. Using the formula z = (x - mean) / standard deviation, we can solve for x to find the warranty length.
-1.28 = (x - 5.8) / 0.9
x - 5.8 = -1.28 × 0.9
x - 5.8 = -1.152
x = 5.8 - 1.152
x = 4.648
Therefore, the warranty should be provided for at least 4.648 years, which is approximately 4.6 years. The correct answer is option d. 4.6 years.
If the odds of catching the flu among individuals who take vitamin C is 0.0342 and the odds of catching the flu among individuals not taking vitamin C is 0.2653, then the individuals not taking vitamin C are 7.7573. Times more likely to catch the flu than individuals taking vitamin C. A. True B. False
Answer:
Correct option (A).
Step-by-step explanation:
The probability of an individual catching a flu when he or she has taken vitamin C is, P (F|C) = 0.0342.
The probability of an individual catching a flu when he or she has not taken vitamin C is, P (F|C') = 0.2653.
Th ratio of individuals who caught the flu when they did not take vitamin C to those who took vitamin C is:
[tex]=\frac{P(F|C')}{P(F|C)}\\ =\frac{0.2653}{0.0342} \\=7.7573[/tex]
This implies that:
[tex]P(F|C')=7.7573\times P(F|C)[/tex]
Thus, the the individuals not taking vitamin C are 7.7573. Times more likely to catch the flu than individuals taking vitamin C.
The statement is True.
The statement that individuals not taking vitamin C are 7.7573 times higher at risk of catching flu than those taking it, is true based on the provided numbers in the question.
Explanation:To determine if the statement is true or false, we need to divide the odds of catching the flu among individuals not taking vitamin C by the odds of those taking it:
To do this, you divide 0.2653 (odds for those not taking vitamin C) by 0.0342 (odds for those taking vitamin C). This calculation results in approximately 7.7573.
Therefore, the statement 'individuals not taking vitamin C are 7.7573 times more likely to catch flu than individuals taking vitamin C is true as the calculation matches the provided number in the statement.
Learn more about Odds Calculation here:https://brainly.com/question/34926850
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Suppose that the national average for the math portion of the College Board's SAT is 540. The College Board periodically rescales the test scores such that the standard deviation is approximately 50. Answer the following questions using a bell-shaped distribution and the empirical rule for the math test scores. If required, round your answers to two decimal places. If your answer is negative use "minus sign".
(a) What percentage of students have an SAT math score greater than 615?
(b) What percentage of students have an SAT math score greater than 690?
(c) What percentage of students have an SAT math score between 465 and 540?
(d) What is the z-score for student with an SAT math score of 625?
(e) What is the z-score for a student with an SAT math score of 415?
Answer:
a) 6.68%
b) 0.135%
c) 43.32%
d) 1.7
e) -2.5
Step-by-step explanation:
a)
P(X>615)=P(z>(615-540)/50)
P(X>615)=P(z>1.5)
P(X>615)=P(0<z<∞)-P(0<z<1.5)
P(X>615)=0.5-0.4332
P(X>615)=0.0668
The percentage of students have an SAT math score greater than 615 is 6.68%
b)
P(X>690)=P(z>(690-540)/50)
P(X>690)=P(z>3)
P(X>690)=P(0<z<∞)-P(0<z<3)
P(X>690)=0.5-0.49865
P(X>690)=0.00135
The percentage of students have an SAT math score greater than 690 is 0.135%
c)
P(465<X<540)=P((465-540)/50<z<(540-540)/50))
P(465<X<540)=P(-1.5<z<0)
P(465<X<540)=0.4332
The percentage of students have an SAT math score between 465 and 540 is 43.32%
d)
z=(625-540)/50
z=85/50
z=1.7
The z-score for student with an SAT math score of 625 is 1.7.
e)
z=(415-540)/50
z=-125/50
z=-2.5
The z-score for a student with an SAT math score of 415 is -2.5.
A music school has budgeted to purchase three musical instruments. They plan to purchase a piano costing $3,000, aguitar costing $550, and a drum set costing $600. The mean cost for a piano is $4,000 with a standard deviation of$2,500. The mean cost for a guitar is $500 with a standard deviation of $200. The mean cost for drums is $700 with astandard deviation of 5100. Which cost is the lowest, when compared to other instruments of the same type? Which cost isthe highest when compared to other instruments of the same type. Justify your answer.
Answer:
Lowest Cost is for Drum set, when compared to others instruments of same type.
Highest cost is for Guitar,when compared to others instruments of same type.
Order:
Guitar>Piano>Drum Set
Step-by-step explanation:
Consider the normal distribution for all cases.
Formula we are going to use is:
[tex]z=\frac{\bar x-\mu}{\sigma}[/tex]
where:
[tex]\bar x[/tex] is the purchasing cost
[tex]\mu[/tex] is the mean
[tex]\sigma[/tex] is the standard deviation
For Piano:
[tex]z=\frac{3000-4000}{2500}\\ z=-0.4[/tex]
For Guitar:
[tex]z=\frac{550-500}{200}\\ z=0.25[/tex]
For Drum Set:
[tex]z=\frac{600-700}{100}\\ z=-1[/tex]
Lowest Cost is for Drum set, when compared to others instruments of same type.
Highest cost is for Guitar,when compared to others instruments of same type.
Order:
Guitar>Piano>Drum Set
The drum set, priced at $600, costs the least compared to the average drum set price, being 1.0 standard deviation below the mean. The guitar, priced at $550, costs the most compared to the average guitar price, at 0.25 standard deviation above the mean. These conclusions are drawn using the z-score method to compare the instruments' prices to their respective averages and standard deviations.
To determine which musical instrument costs the least and the most when compared to others of the same type, we calculate how many standard deviations below or above the mean each instrument's cost falls. For the piano, guitar, and drum set, we will use the z-score formula, which is (z = (X - μ) / σ), where X is the observed value, μ is the mean, and σ is the standard deviation.
For the piano, the z-score is ($3,000 - $4,000) / $2,500 = -0.4.
For the guitar, the z-score is ($550 - $500) / $200 = 0.25.
For the drum set, the z-score is ($600 - $700) / $100 = -1.0.
The drum set's cost is the lowest compared to other drums because it is 1.0 standard deviations below the mean. The guitar's cost, being 0.25 standard deviations above the mean, is the highest compared to other guitars. Therefore, Matt's drums cost the least in comparison to his own instrument type, and Becca's guitar costs the most compared to her own instrument type.
A paper company needs to ship paper to a large printing business. The paper will be shipped in small boxes and large boxes. Each small box of paper weighs 45 pounds and each large box of paper weighs 80 pounds. There were twice as many large boxes shipped as small boxes shipped and the total weight of all boxes was 1435 pounds. Determine the number of small boxes shipped and the number of large boxes shipped.
Answer:
your... syllabus is different from mine....
Step-by-step explanation:
which class u study
Find the greatest common factor of the following monomials 32m^5 4m^6
The greatest common factor of 4 and 32 would be 4.
The common factor for m^6 and m^5 would be m^5, since 6 is greater than 5.
The GCF becomes 4m^5
The time needed to complete a final examination in a particular college course is normally distributed with a mean of 80 minutes and a standard deviation of 10 minutes. Answer the following questions:
A) What is the probability of completing the exam in ONE hour or less?
B) what is the probability that a student will complete the exam in more than 60 minutes but less than 75 minutes?
C) Assume that the class has 60 students and that the examination period is 90 minutes in length. How many students do you expect will be unable to compete the exam in the allotted time?
Answer:
A) P=2.28%
B) P=28.57%
C) I expect 10 students to be unable to complete the exam in the alloted time.
Step-by-step explanation:
In order to solve this problem, we will need to find the respective z-scores. The z-scores are found by using the following formula:
[tex]z=\frac{x-\mu}{sigma}[/tex]
Where:
z= z-score
x= the value to normalize
[tex]\mu = mean[/tex]
[tex]\sigma[/tex]= standard deviation
The z-score will help us find the area below the normal distribution curve, so in order to solve this problem we need to shade the area we need to find. (See attached picture)
A) First, we find the z-score for 60 minutes, so we get:
[tex]z=\frac{60-80}{10}=-2[/tex]
So now we look for the z-score on our normal distribution table. Be careful with the table you are using since some tables will find areas other than the area between the mean and the desired data. The table I used finds the area between the mean and the value to normalize.
so:
A=0.4772 for a z-score of -2
since we want to find the number of students that take less than 60 minutes, we subtract that decimal number from 0.5, so we get:
0.5-0.4772=0.0228
therefore the probability that a student finishes the exam in less than 60 minutes is:
P=2.28%
B) For this part of the problem, we find the z-score again, but this time for a time of 75 minutes:
[tex]z=\frac{75-80}{10}=-0.5[/tex]
and again we look for this z-score on the table so we get:
A=0.1915 for a z-score of -0.5
Now that we got this area we subtract it from the area we found for the 60 minutes, so we get:
0.4772-0.1915=0.2857
so there is a probability of P=28.57% of chances that the students will finish the test between 60 and 75 minutes.
C) Finally we find the z-score for a time of 90 minutes, so we get:
[tex]z=\frac{90-80}{10}=1[/tex]
We look for this z-score on our table and we get that:
A=0.3413
since we need to find how many students will take longer than 90 minutes to finish the test, we subtract that number we just got from 0.5 so we get:
0.5-0.3413=0.1586
this means there is a 15.86% of probabilities a student will take longer than 90 minutes. Now, since we need to find how many of the 60 students will take longer than the 90 available minutes, then we need to multiply the total amount of students by the percentage we previously found, so we get:
60*0.1586=9.516
so approximately 10 Students will be unavailable to complete the exam in the allotted time.
Answer:
Part A:
Probability is P(z<-2)=1-0.9772=0.0228
Part B:
P(-2<z<-0.5)=0.2857
Part C:
Number of students unable to complete the exam=60-50=10 students
Step-by-step explanation:
Part A:
Mean=μ=80 min
Standard Deviation=σ=10 min
Formula:
[tex]z=\frac{\bar x- \mu}{\sigma}[/tex]
where:
[tex]\bar x=60\ min[/tex]
[tex]z=\frac{60-80}{10}\\ z=-2[/tex]
Probability is P(z<-2)
From the probability distribution tables (Cumulative Standardized normal distribution table)
Probability is P(z<-2)=1-0.9772=0.0228
Part B:
For 75 min:
[tex]z=\frac{75-80}{10}\\ z=-0.5[/tex]
For [tex]\bar x=60\ min[/tex]
[tex]z=\frac{60-80}{10}\\ z=-2[/tex]
From the probability distribution tables (Cumulative Standardized normal distribution table)
P(-2<z<-0.5)=P(z<-0.5)-P(z<-2)
P(-2<z<-0.5)=(1-0.6915)-(1-0.9772)
P(-2<z<-0.5)=0.2857
Part C:
[tex]\bar x=90\ min[/tex]
[tex]z=\frac{90-80}{10}\\ z=1[/tex]
From the probability distribution tables (Cumulative Standardized normal distribution table)
Probability is P(z<1)=0.8413
Number of students=0.8413*60
Number of students to complete the exam=50.478≅50
Number of students unable to complete the exam=60-50=10 students
For each of the initial conditions below, determine the largest interval a < t < b on which the existence and uniqueness theorem for first order linear differential equations guarantees the existence of a unique solution.
y(-7) = -5.5
y(-0.5) = 6.4.
y(0) = 0.
y(5.5) = -3.14.
y(10) = 2.6.
The largest intervals on which the existence and uniqueness theorem guarantees a unique solution for the given initial conditions.
Explanation:The interval a < t < b on which the existence and uniqueness theorem for first order linear differential equations guarantees the existence of a unique solution depends on the initial conditions. For the given initial conditions:
y(-7) = -5.5: The largest interval is from t = -7 to t = -0.5y(-0.5) = 6.4: The largest interval is from t = -0.5 to t = 0y(0) = 0: The largest interval is from t = 0 to t = 5.5y(5.5) = -3.14: The largest interval is from t = 5.5 to t = 10y(10) = 2.6: The largest interval is from t = 10 to t = 74Consider the bisection method to find a root for f(x) = 0 where f is a continuous function. We take the [0, 1] as the initial interval provided that f(0)f(1) < 0. We take the following practical stopping criteria: |bn − an| ≤ , = 1 × 10−8 . How many steps of the bisection method are needed to obtain an approximation to the root?
Answer: It would take approximately 27 steps to obtain an approximation of the root.
Step-by-step explanation: The bisection method is a numerical procedure to find a root to a equation continuous in an interval [a.b]. It consists in repeatedly halve the interval [a,b], keeping the half for which f(x) changes sign. The repetition will continue until a stopping criteria is reached. To find how many interactions is necessary, we can satisfy the equation:
[tex]\frac{1}{2^{n} }[/tex] · (b - a) ≤ ε, where a and b are the original interval and ε is the stopping criteria.
Substituting the parameters and using log 2 = 0,301, the number of iterations needed is approximately 27.
Consider the motion of a free particle, of mass m, described in polar coordinates r, θ. Let its speed be v₀. Let the particle start at t = 0 at r = rᵢₙ, θ = θᵢₙ, and the distance of the closest approach to the origin be r₀.
Show that if the particle is coming in toward the origin (i.e. r is decreasing) that:
dr/dt = -v₀ [ 1 -r₀²/r² ]^(1/2)
Answer:
As proved in the attached files
Step-by-step explanation:
The detailed step and mathematical derivation and manipulation is as shown in the attachment.
Horalco's garden is shown below. He needs 1 1/3 scoops of fertilizer for each square foot of the garden. How many scoops of fertilizer does Horaclo need for the entire garden? (Garden is 10 1/2 ft by 5 1/2 ft)
Answer: he would need 77 scoops of fertilizer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The measure of Horalco's garden is
10 1/2 ft by 5 1/2 ft. Converting to improper fraction, it becomes 21/2 ft by 11/2 ft. The garden is rectangular in shape and the formula for determining the area of a rectangle is expressed as
Area = length × width.
Therefore, area of the garden is
21/2 × 11/2 = 231/4 ft²
He needs 1 1/3 scoops of fertilizer for each square foot of the garden. Converting to improper fraction, it becomes 4/3 scoops. Therefore, the number of scoops of fertilizer that Horaclo need for the entire garden is
4/3 × 231/4 = 77 scoops of fertilizer.
A bag of peanuts in their shells contains 181 peanuts. 65 of the shells contain one peanut, 111 of the shells contain two peanuts, and the rest contain three peanuts. Of the shells with one peanut, 16 of them are cracked. Of the shells with two peanuts, 30 of them are cracked. None of the shells with three peanuts are cracked. One peanut shell is randomly selected from the bag.
A. What is the probability the shell is cracked?B. What is the probability the shell is not cracked and it contains two peanuts?C. What is the probability the shell is not cracked or it contains two peanuts?D. What is the probability the shell is not cracked given that it contains two peanuts?
Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
Hello!
You have a bag with 181 peanuts in it.
65 of the shells contain one peanut. ⇒ 16 are cracked and 49 are complete.
111 of the shells contain two peanuts. ⇒ 30 are cracked 81 are complete.
5 of the shells have three peanuts and none of them is cracked.
A. What is the probability the shell is cracked?
To calculate the probability of the shell bein cracked you have to add all possible cases in which it is cracked and divide it by the total of peanuts in the bag:
[tex]P(Cracked)= \frac{(16+30)}{181}= 0.25[/tex]
B. What is the probability the shell is not cracked (Cr) and it contains two peanuts(2p)?
This probability is an intersection P(Cr∩2p), to calculate it you have to divide the total of peanuts that fulfill these characteristics and divide it by the total number of peanuts in the bag.
[tex]P(Crn2p)= \frac{30}{181}= 0.17[/tex]
C. What is the probability the shell is not cracked (Cr') or it contains two peanuts(2p)?
This probability is the union between two events, the event "cracked" and the event "two peanuts", symbolically: P(Cr'∪2p), these two events are not mutually exclusive, this means that they can happen at the same time, you have to apply the following formula to calculate it:
[tex]P(Cr'u2p)= P(Cr') + P(2p) - P(Cr'n2p)[/tex]
Since these events aren't mutually exclusive, some of them fulfill both categories, this means they are counted when you calculate the probability of "not cracked" and again when you calculate the probability of "2 peanuts" therefore you need to subtract their intersection to obtain the correct probability.
[tex]P(Cr'u2p)= \frac{(49+81+5)}{181} + (\frac{111}{181} ) - (\frac{81}{181} )= 0.76+0.61-0.45=0.92[/tex]
D. What is the probability the shell is not cracked given that it contains two peanuts?
This is a conditional probability, this means that both events are dependant and the occurrence of "2p" modifies the probability of the peanut shell to be "Cr'", symbolically: P(Cr'/2p) and you calculate it using the following formula:
[tex]P(Cr'/2p)= \frac{P(Cr'n2p)}{P(2p)}= \frac{0.45}{0.61}= 0.74[/tex]
I hope it helps!
A) The probability the shell is cracked is 25.4%.
B) The probability the shell is not cracked and it contains two peanuts is 44.75%.
C) The probability the shell is not cracked or it contains two peanuts is 91.16%.
D) The probability the shell is not cracked given that it contains two peanuts is 72.97%.
Since a bag of peanuts in their shells contains 181 peanuts. 65 of the shells contain one peanut, 111 of the shells contain two peanuts, and the rest contain three peanuts, and, of the shells with one peanut, 16 of them are cracked, and of the shells with two peanuts, 30 of them are cracked, while none of the shells with three peanuts are cracked, and one peanut shell is randomly selected from the bag, to determine A) what is the probability the shell is cracked; B) what is the probability the shell is not cracked and it contains two peanuts; C) what is the probability the shell is not cracked or it contains two peanuts; and D) what is the probability the shell is not cracked given that it contains two peanuts; the following calculations must be performed:
A)
181 = 10016 + 30 = X46 x 100/181 = X25.4 = XB)
181 = 100111 - 30 = X81 x 100 / 181 = X44.75 = XC)
181 = 100111 + 5 + 49 = X165 x 100 / 181 = X91.16 = XD)
111 = 100111 - 30 = X81 x 100 / 111 = X72.97 = XLearn more in https://brainly.com/question/18373730