While the total amount of energy remains constant as per the law of conservation of energy, the energy available within an ecosystem decreases as you move up the energy pyramid due to loss of energy as heat in metabolic processes.
Explanation:According to the law of conservation of energy, energy cannot be created or destroyed. However, when energy is transferred through the trophic levels from the producer (at the bottom of the energy pyramid) to consumers (at the top), some energy is lost as heat due to metabolic processes like respiration. This loss of energy explains why there is less energy at the top of an energy pyramid compared to the bottom. Only about 10% of the energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next, a concept referred to as the 10% rule in ecology. Therefore, while the total amount of energy remains constant (as dictated by the law of conservation), the available energy within a given ecosystem decreases as you move up the energy pyramid.
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Energy decreases at each trophic level of an energy pyramid because it's used for life processes and lost as heat; not all consumed biomass is assimilated.
The law of conservation of energy stipulates that energy in the universe is constant - it cannot be created or destroyed, but only change forms. In an energy pyramid, the reason there is less energy at the top compared to the bottom is due to energy transformations and losses. As energy moves up the pyramid from one trophic level to the next, some of it is used for life processes, such as movement and respiration, and is released as heat into the environment. Additionally, not all parts of an organism are consumed by the next level, and not everything consumed is fully digested or assimilated. These factors contribute to the decrease of available energy as one moves up the trophic levels.
What is a B cell? Apex
Answer:
Explanation:
B cell is also called B lymphocyte. It is a type of leucocytes or white blood cell. Some of the B cells mature in the bone marrow into the plasma cells and some mature as memory cells. The plasma cells make antibodies which fight against the disease-causing pathogens which entered the body. Thus, B cells are associated with the immune system of the body.
Answer:
Laying the viral antigens activate specialized white blood cells called B cells. The B cells change into plasma cells, which can then create specific antibodies to attach to the viral antigens. Antibodies make the viruses clump together, so they are then easier for white blood cells to destroy.
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The great white shark carchardon carcharias belongs to what genus?
Answer:
Carcharodon it is the answer hope it helps u
Answer: Lamnidae.
Explanation:The Lamnidae are the family of mackerel or white sharks. They are large, fast-swimming sharks, found in oceans worldwide.
In what process is mRNA synthesized
During transcription, the RNA polymerase read the template DNA strand in the 3'→5' direction, but the mRNA is formed in the 5' to 3' direction. The mRNA is single-stranded and therefore only contains three possible reading frames, of which only one is translated.
Answer:
Transcription is the process by which DNA is copied (transcribed) to mRNA, which carries the information needed for protein synthesis. Transcription takes place in two broad steps. ... The pre-messenger RNA is then "edited" to produce the desired mRNA molecule in a process called RNA splicing.
Explanation:
1) Based on the graph above, what might have happened to
the gray wolf population during the time period shown on the
graph?
Answer:
More and more staeted showing up
Explanation:
which statement is true of succession ?
The correct answer is C. Most communities never become completely stable.
Here's why the other options are incorrect:
A and B: While some ecosystems can take a long time to reach relative stability (e.g., rainforests), complete stability is rarely achieved due to various factors like natural disturbances (storms, volcanoes), climate change, and even human interventions.
D: Most communities are constantly evolving and changing in response to various internal and external pressures. They constantly adapt and adjust their species composition, interspecies relationships, and overall dynamics.
Therefore, option C emphasizes the dynamic nature of ecological communities and their inherent tendency to evolve over time rather than reaching a fixed, unchanging state.
What is the scientific study of the universe including the observation and interpretation of celestial bodies and phenomena?
Answer:
The answer is Astronomy. It means the study and interpretation of celestial bodies.
Explanation:
ASTRONOMY is the scientific study of the universe, including the observation and interpretation of celestial bodies and phenomena.
Astronomy can be defined as the study of all features of the universe far away from the Earth's atmosphere.Astronomy studies the characteristics and phenomena involving any type of celestial body (ie., nebulae, galaxies, stars, planets, asteroids, etc).Astronomers are professionals that investigate the physical properties and interrelationships of celestial bodies in space based on observational approaches.In conclusion, ASTRONOMY is the scientific study of the universe, including the observation and interpretation of celestial bodies and phenomena.
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what type of organisms undergo alcoholic fermentation?
The answer is yeast. I hope this helps : )
Both male and female gametes are created during the process of meiosis. The formation of male gametes or sperm is called spermatogenesis. After telophase II of spermatogenesis, there would be __________ male gametes created that are all genetically __________.
Answer:
Both male and female gametes are created during the process of meiosis. The formation of male gametes or sperm is called spermatogenesis. After telophase II of spermatogenesis, there would be four male gametes created that are all genetically haploid.
Explanation:
Telophase II is the final step in Meiosis II. In Telophase II of the spermatogenesis chromosomes travels to opposite poles and are covered by a nuclear envelop. The two parent cells result four daughter cells which are haploid (1n).
What is a photographic record of light waves
Answer:
When the sound waves modulate a beam of light, the sound track, which may be of variable density or of variable width, is a photographic record of the varying light.
Explanation:
In motion-picture technology, the sound track ,narrow band, usually along the margin of the film, that carries the photographic or magnetic sound record. For sound reproduction, a beam of light is passed through the sound track onto a photocell connected, through an amplifier, to a loudspeaker. This optical system is the basic plan of sound reproduction in sound motion pictures. In stereophonic sound recording, a number of such bands may be used on the same film.
The Sun is a natural source for visible light waves and we can see the reflection of this sunlight off the objects around us. The color of an object that we see is the color of light reflected. All other colors are absorbed. Light bulbs are another source of visible light waves.
A diseased cell is no longer able to produce proteins. Which cell structure is most likely malfunctioning? nucleus cytoplasm ribosome mitochondrion
Answer:
The answer is Ribosome.
Explanation:
Protein synthesis in a cell is called as transcription. Ribosomes are sites where protein synthesis takes place. A ribosome is composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. These are present in the cytoplasm of a cell or attached to endoplasmic reticulum. If the cell is unable to produce protein most likely its ribosynthetic Machinery is not functional.
Answer: ribosomes on edge
Explanation:
i just took the test
What is the purpose of a hypothesis?
A. It specifies the procedure for a scientific experiment.
B. It is a prediction of whether an experiment will give useful results.
C. It tells other scientists what kind of research they should be doing.
D. It is a possible answer with an explanation for a scientific question.
Answer:
d
Explanation:
It is a prediction of whether an experiment will give useful results.
Answer: B
I learned it at school during my Critical Thinking Through Science class.
HELP! What are sporophytes and gametophytes?
A.Two different forms a plant can have
B.Two different kingdoms in the domain Eukarya
C.Two different kinds of seeds
D.Two different types of vascular systems
Answer:
A: Two different forms a plant can have
Explanation:
Rather than saying forms, I would say that Sorophytes and Gametophytes are a type of plant generation. Plants can either be diploids - Sorophytes (these kind contain 2 chromosomes set and use meiosis to produce spores) and haploids (they use mitosis to divide the cells)
Sporophytes and gametophytes are two distinct stages in a plant's life cycle, with the sporophyte being diploid and the gametophyte being haploid. Homosporous and heterosporous plants display different reproductive structures that influence their lifecycle and development. The correct option is A.
Sporophytes and gametophytes are two different stages in the life cycle of plants. The sporophyte is the diploid (2n) stage that produces spores, while the gametophyte is the haploid (1n) stage that produces gametes.
In homosporous plants, the gametophyte is dominant and produces both male and female gametangia on the same individual. In contrast, heterosporous plants produce two different types of spores—microspores (male) and megaspores (female)—giving rise to separate male and female gametophytes.
This alternation of generations between sporophyte and gametophyte stages is a key characteristic of plant reproduction, contributing to their evolutionary diversity and reproductive strategies.
What kind of evidence-structural or molecular- is most helpful in making decisions about relationships between species? Explain why.
Answer:
Molecular evidence.
Explanation:
Different species of bacteria may look similar structurally/morphologically and can only be told apart through molecular sequencing of biomolecules such as DNA or proteins. This genetic sequencing will compare the sequences of the two species and the differences can be perceived and biologists can tell how far apart the species are.
Final answer:
Both structural and molecular evidence are critical in determining relationships between species. Molecular evidence often provides a more detailed understanding of evolutionary connections that is less likely to be influenced by environmental factors. Homologous structures that share both morphological and molecular similarities suggest a common ancestry, making molecular evidence a robust framework for phylogeny.
Explanation:
Importance of Structural and Molecular Evidence in Determining Relationships Between Species
When it comes to making decisions about relationships between species, both structural and molecular evidence play crucial roles. Structural evidence, or morphological characteristics (form and function), has been a foundation for understanding evolutionary relationships historically. However, with the advent of molecular biology, genetic evidence has become equally, if not more, important. Genetic information provides a more detailed and precise understanding of the evolutionary connections between organisms. It is because genetic similarities and differences are often indicative of shared ancestry or divergent evolution.
Structural similarities can sometimes be misleading due to convergent evolution, where unrelated species evolve similar traits independently due to similar selective pressures rather than shared ancestry. On the other hand, molecular evidence, such as DNA and RNA sequences, can provide more direct and quantifiable measures of evolutionary relationships through comparisons of genetic codes that are less likely to be influenced by environmental factors.
For example, homologous structures, which are features that are similar in form and function due to shared ancestry, can be identified through both structural and molecular similarities. These can be traced back to a common ancestor, providing strong evidence for evolutionary relationships. In summary, while morphological evidence can offer valuable insight, molecular evidence typically provides a more robust framework for determining phylogenetic relationships between species.
do sharks have bad vision
Answer:
No
Explanation:
We now know that sharks have keen vision despite believing they had fragile vision in the past. According to research, sharks may be more than ten times as sensitive to light as humans. Because of how their eyes are built, scientists also think that sharks may be farsighted, meaning they see better at a distance than up close.
Look at the figure above. From which winds do most tropical storms start?
A. Trade
B. Tropical storms form from each type of wind equally.
C. Westerlies
D. Polar easterlies
Answer:
trade northeasternly. Tropics are by the equator in most cases
Explanation:
With the help of the figure, trade winds (northeasterly) storms start tropical storms.
What are trade winds?The constant east-to-west predominant winds that blow in the equatorial region of the Earth have been known as the trade winds but rather easterlies.
What are tropical storms?Strong winds, a spiraling arrangement of cyclones that can produce heavy rain and squalls, a low-pressure center, and just a closed lower pressure circulation are the characteristics of a tropical cyclone, which is a fast revolving storm system.
Therefore, with the help of the figure, trade winds (northeasterly) storms start tropical storms.
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What is the difference between a fixed, hinge, gliding, and ball-and-socket joint?
The difference between a fixed, gliding, and ball-and-socket joint lies in their structure and the type of movement they allow.
Fixed Joints (Synarthroses): These joints, also known as synarthroses, do not allow any movement. They are characterized by bones that are held together by dense connective tissue. Examples include the sutures between the bones of the skull.
Ginglymus: Joints permit movement in only one plane, allowing flexion and extension. They are similar of a door. Examples include the elbow joint (between the humerus and ulna) and the knee joint (between the femur and tibia).
Gliding Joints (Arthrodial Joints): Gliding joints allow bones to slide past each other in any direction, but the range of motion is limited. The bones are held together by ligaments, and the joint surfaces are flat or slightly curved. Examples include the joints between the carpal bones in the wrist and the tarsal bones in the ankle.
Ball-and-Socket Joints (Spheroidal Joints): These joints offer the greatest range of motion, allowing movement in all three planes flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and rotation. The rounded head of one bone fits into the cup-like socket of another bone. Examples include the shoulder joint (between the humerus and scapula) and the hip joint (between the femur and pelvis).
Each type of joint is specialized for specific functions and is found in different parts of the body where those movements are required. The structure of each joint, including the shape of the bone ends and the type of connective tissue present, determines the kind of movement that is possible."
The old library is made of brick. It has ivy growing up all of its walls. What type of response is the ivy showing?
Question 7 options:
phototropism
thigmotropism
hydrotropism
gravitropism
Ivy shows thigmotropism, if it is growing up all of the walls of the library thigmotropism refers to a plant's growth moving or changing direction in response to contact, hence option B is correct.
What is thigmotropism?A hard surface that can alter the direction of a plant's growth or the growth of one of its organs is typically the orienting factor.
Thigmotropism can occur in a variety of ways, including the opening or closing of plant parts like petals or leaves, coiling of the plant around a surface, and others.
Tendrils coiling in the direction of an object they contact is an illustration of thigmotropism. On the other hand, Mimosa pudica leaflets' folding motion can be viewed as an illustration of thigmonastism.
Therefore, Ivy showing thigmotropism, hence option B is correct.
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Which of the following are major influences on weather and climate?
I. the cycling of water in and out of the atmosphere
II. the physical weathering of rocks and soil
III. uneven heating of the Earth by the Sun's energy
IV. global patterns of atmospheric movement
A.
II, III, and IV only
B.
I, III, and IV only
C.
I, II, and IV only.
D.
I, II, and III only
Answer: B
Explanation:
Answer:
B. I, III, and IV only
Explanation:
It is very common to have confusion between what is weather and what is climate. However, these are two different phenomena, even if they are interrelated and are influenced by the same phenomena as:
the cycling of water in and out of the atmosphereuneven heating of the Earth by the Sun's energyglobal patterns of atmospheric movementOn a daily basis, the weather forecast is the estimate of what is expected to occur in terms of temperature and rainfall in a short period. In this sense, the weather is constantly changing: on a certain day it can be sunny in the morning, but it can rain at night, or we can have a rainy week and a sunny week. The succession of the types of weather recorded for a given period is the climate. Thus, to define the climate more accurately, it is necessary to consider the average of the climatic variables over a long period.
what is a phenotype
Answer:
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
A phenotype is the observable characteristics of an organism, resulting from its genes and environmental influences. The genotype is its genetic makeup, which interacts to produce the phenotype. Therefore, the phenotype is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.
Explanation:A phenotype is the set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism. These observable traits result from the genetic makeup (genotype) of a cell or organism and the environmental factors that influence these genes. Genetic variation within a population results in different phenotypes.
For example, two alleles for a given gene in a diploid organism are expressed and interact to produce physical characteristics. The observable traits expressed by an organism are referred to as its phenotype. An organism's underlying genetic makeup, consisting of both physically visible and non-expressed alleles, is called its genotype. Therefore, genotype influences the phenotype, but phenotype is the observable result of this interaction.
The phenotype of an organism can also be affected by the environment. For instance, the color of a flower might depend not only on its genes but also on factors like sunlight, nutrients, and temperature.
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According to Darwin, which organisms are more likely to survive
The ___ ___ is responsible for maintaining homeostasis within any cell.
Answer:
The structure most responsible for maintaining cell homeostasis is the cell membrane.
Explanation:
The cell membrane primarily maintains homeostasis within a cell by controlling what enters and exits the cell. Homeostasis refers to maintaining a stable internal cell environment. In a broader context, homeostasis in the body involves maintaining equilibrium around a particular set point.
Explanation:The cell membrane, also referred to as the plasma membrane, is primarily responsible for maintaining homeostasis within any cell. This is accomplished through controlling what enters and exits the cell, thus preserving a stable internal environment. Processes such as passive transport (diffusion, osmosis) and active transport (endocytosis, exocytosis) help in achieving this stable state.
Homeostasis refers to a dynamic state of balance within parameters that are compatible with life. It is the activity of cells throughout the body to maintain the physiological state within a narrow range. Homeostasis is regulated by negative feedback loops and, much less frequently, by positive feedback loops that work to prevent an excessive response to stimuli.
In the broader body context, the goal of homeostasis is the maintenance of equilibrium around a specific value, known as a set point. For instance, in response to a rise in blood glucose levels after a meal, adjustments are made to lower these levels, either by diverting the nutrient to tissues that need it or storing it for later use.
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During respiration, members of the animal kingdom use ______ and then release ______ as a waste gas. A) oxygen:hydrogen B) carbon dioxide:oxygen C) oxygen:carbon dioxide D) carbon dioxide:water vapor
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Animals take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide as waste
During respiration, members of the animal kingdom use oxygen and then release carbon dioxide as a waste gas. The correct answer is C) oxygen:carbon dioxide.
In summary, during respiration, animals use oxygen and release carbon dioxide as a waste gas. The process of cellular respiration involves the conversion of glucose into energy, CO₂, and water in the mitochondria. The correct answer to the question is C) oxygen:carbon dioxide. Organisms such as animals and plants take in oxygen from the air during breathing and gaseous exchange processes. The oxygen is used for cellular respiration to release energy from organic nutrients such as glucose. In the process of cellular respiration, animals oxidize glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy, in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
This process occurs within the mitochondria of cells, often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell due to its role in energy production. The chemical reaction for respiration can be represented as carbohydrates and oxygen being converted to CO₂ and water, releasing energy in the process. This respiration process is vital for the release of energy from food. It is how animals, including humans, convert the energy from the food they eat into a form that cells can use. Plants and animals contribute to the cycling of carbon by taking in carbon dioxide during photosynthesis and releasing it again into the atmosphere through cellular respiration and decay processes, maintaining a balance in the ecosystem.
Can someone please help me with these?
Which of the following can be used to determine the temperature of a star?
A. Line spectra
B. Blackbody spectrum
C. Light from sunspots
D. The star's magnetic field
Answer:is line spectra
Explanation:
Answer:
C. light from sunspots
Explanation:
All BUT one factor contributes to biological evolution. That is
A. The answer is Mitosis
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are all adaptations good?
it just as it is tempting to take natural selection to extreme so no not all
The genetic condition of an organism that has two identical alleles for a given trait.
"An organism in which the two copies of the gene are identical — that is, have the same allele — is called homozygous for that gene. An organism which has two different alleles of the gene is called heterozygous."
The genetic condition of an organism that has two identical alleles for a given trait is called homozygous.
Explanation:In the language of genetics, the genetic condition of an organism that has two identical alleles for a given trait is called homozygous.
For example, if an organism has two alleles for flower color, and both alleles are the same, such as two dominant alleles (YY) or two recessive alleles (yy), then the organism is homozygous for flower color.
Homozygous individuals will have the same physical appearance regardless of whether they have two copies of the trait or one copy of the dominant trait and one copy of the recessive trait.
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When many organisms or species live together in an ecosystem, which of the following may take place?
In ecosystems where multiple organisms or species coexist, interactions like predation, competition, and symbiosis occur, influencing community dynamics and leading to outcomes such as the competitive exclusion of less adapted species.
Explanation:When many organisms or species live together in an ecosystem, a number of interactions may take place which are crucial in shaping the community's structure and dynamics. These interactions include predation, herbivory, competition for resources, and various forms of symbiosis such as commensalism, mutualism, and parasitism. For instance, if two species occupy the same ecological niche in an area and compete for the same resources, typically one species may become predominant and the other may become locally extinct—a concept known as competitive exclusion.
Community structure can also be influenced by the roles of specific species, categorized as foundation or keystone species, as well as by the process of succession which leads to a stable community over time. The variety of species in a given area, or biodiversity, affects how these interactions play out, with some ecosystems like tropical rainforests having incredibly high diversity, while others, like the glaciers of Antarctica, having less diversity but still a significant variety of life forms.
24 POINTS PLS ANSWER ALL WILL MARK BRAINLIEST
1.) Synthesis
2.) Respiration
3.) Excretion
4.) Respiration
5.) Reproduction
6.) Homeostasis
7.) Structure
8.) Kingdom, Genus, Species
9.) Similarity
10.) Kingdom
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Which of the following is an example of a sedimentary rock? Granite Limestone Marble Slate
Limestone is an example of sedimentary rock. Thus, the correct option is B.
What are sedimentary rocks?Sedimentary rocks are one of the three type of rocks, apart from igneous and metamorphic rocks.
These rocks are formed on the surface of the earth or near it. They cover around 75% of the earth's crust
They are formed due to geological processes such as sedimentation, erosion, precipitation, weathering, lithification and dissolution.
Sedimentary rocks are formed by being deposited in layers, which is known as bedding. Sedimentary basins are large structures where these sedimentary rocks are deposited.
These rocks contain iron in its oxide forms, carbonate, silicate and even organic matter. This organic matter comes usually from the dead remains of organisms.
Fossils are majorly found in the sedimentary rocks amongst the three types of rocks.
Examples of sedimentary rocks include limestone, sandstone, clay, chalk and shale.
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