To find the volume of the metal object, subtract the weight of the object submerged in water from its weight in air. Then, use the buoyant force formula to calculate the volume. The density of the metal cannot be determined without knowing the mass of the object.
Explanation:In order to find the volume of the metal object, we need to first determine the buoyant force that acts on it when it is submerged in water. The difference between the scale readings in air and water represents the buoyant force exerted by the water on the object. The weight of the object in air is 943 N and in water, it is 799 N. The buoyant force is the difference between these two values, which is 143 N.
The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the water displaced by the object. Therefore, the volume of the object can be calculated using the buoyant force and the density of water. The density of water is approximately 1000 kg/m³. We can use the formula:
Volume = Buoyant Force / (Density of Water * Acceleration due to Gravity)
Substituting the given values, we have:
Volume = 143 N / (1000 kg/m³ * 9.8 m/s²)
Simplifying the equation, we find that the volume of the object is 0.0146 m³.
Now, to find the density of the metal, we can divide the mass of the object by its volume. Since the mass of the object is not given in the question, we cannot provide a specific answer to part (b) without this information.
A hockey puck is hit on a frozen lake and starts moving with a speed of 13.60 m/s. Exactly 6.2 s later, its speed is 7.20 m/s. (a) What is the puck's average acceleration?
Answer:
-1.03 m/s²
Explanation:
Acceleration: This can be defined as the rate of change of velocity. The S. I unit of acceleration is m/s².
Mathematically, acceleration is expressed as
a = (v-u)/t ........................ Equation 1
Where a = acceleration, v = final velocity, u = initial velocity, t = time.
Given: u = 13.60 m/s, v = 7.20 m/s t = 6.2 s.
Substituting into equation 2
a = (7.20-13.60)/6.2
a = -6.4/6.2
a = -1.03 m/s²
Note: a is negative because, the hockey puck is decelerating.
Hence the average acceleration = -1.03 m/s²
What happens to the focal length of a converging lens when it is placed under water?
Answer:
When a converging lens is placed under water then its focal length increases.
Explanation:
When any lens, be it converging or diverging is immersed into water then the speed of light before and after the refraction through the lens has less speed and due to less difference in speed it shows less deviations as a result the focal length is increased for the lenses.
Lesser the difference between the refractive index of the medium and the lens glass greater becomes its focal length.
The focal length of the lens immersed in a medium is given by:
[tex]\frac{1}{f} =\frac{n_l-n_m}{n_m} \times (\frac{1}{R_1} +\frac{1}{R_2} )[/tex]
where:
[tex]n_l=[/tex] refractive index of the glass material with resp. to air
[tex]n_m=[/tex] refractive index of the medium with resp. to air
[tex]R_1\ \&\ R_2=[/tex] radii of curvature of the two surfaces of the lens
Answer:
Explanation:
According to the lens maker's formula
The focal length of the converging lens in air is given by
[tex]\frac{1}{f_{a}}=\left ( \mu _{a}-1 \right )\left ( \frac{1}{R_{1}}-\frac{1}{R_{2}} \right )[/tex] .... (1)
Where, R1 and R2 be the radius of curvature of the lens and μa is the refractive index of glass in air.
When the lens is placed in water. the focal length is given by
[tex]\frac{1}{f_{w}}=\left ( \frac{\mu _{a}}{\mu _{w}}-1 \right )\left ( \frac{1}{R_{1}}-\frac{1}{R_{2}} \right )[/tex] .... (2)
Where, R1 and R2 be the radius of curvature of the lens and μa is the refractive index of lens in air and μw is the refractive index of glass in water.
Dividing equation (1) by (2), we observe that the value of focal length,
the focal length of lens in water increases.
A flying saucer lifts the Physical Science building 10,000 ft into the air before discovering it is useless and discards the remains. If the building weighs 1,000,000 pounds and the ascent takes 20 seconds, what is one saucer power?
Answer:
500000000 lbft/s
Explanation:
F = Force or weight = 1000000 lbf
s = Displacement = 10000 ft
t = Time taken = 20 seconds
Work done is given by
[tex]W=Fs\\\Rightarrow W=1000000\times 10000\\\Rightarrow W=10000000000\ lb-ft[/tex]
Power is given by
[tex]P=\dfrac{W}{t}\\\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{10000000000}{20}\\\Rightarrow P=500000000\ lbft/s[/tex]
One Saucer power is 500000000 lbft/s
At an accident scene on a level road, investigators measure a car's skid mark to be 84 m long. It was a rainy day and the coefficient of friction was estimated to be 0.36.
The given data is incomplete. The complete question is as follows.
At an accident scene on a level road, investigators measure a car's skid mark to be 84 m long. It was a rainy day and the coefficient of friction was estimated to be 0.36. Use these data to determine the speed of the car when the driver slammed on (and locked) the brakes. (why does the car's mass not matter?)
Explanation:
Let us assume that v is the final velocity and u is the initial velocity of the car. Let s be the skid marks and [tex]\mu[/tex] be the friction coefficient and m be the mass of car.
Hence, the given data is as follows.
v = 0, s = 84 m, [tex]\mu[/tex] = 0.36
According to Newton's law of second motion the expression for acceleration is as follows.
F = ma
[tex]-\mu N[/tex] = ma
[tex]-\mu mg[/tex] = ma
a = [tex]-\mu g[/tex]
Also,
[tex]v^{2} = u^{2} + 2as[/tex]
[tex](0)^{2} = u^{2} + 2(-\mu g)s[/tex]
[tex]u^{2} = 2(\mu g)s[/tex]
= [tex]\sqrt{2(0.36)(9.81 m/s^{2})(84 m)}[/tex]
= 24.36 m/s
Thus, we can conclude that the speed of the car when the driver slammed on (and locked) the brakes is 24.36 m/s.
The astronomer who, at the turn of the century, measured the spectra of hundreds of thousands of stars (leaving a catalog that astronomers used for the rest of the century) was:______________
Answer: The astronomer who, at the turn of the century, measured the spectra of hundreds of thousands of stars (leaving a catalog that astronomers used for the rest of the century) was: Annie Jump Cannon.
Annie Jump CannonIntroduction:Annie Jump Cannon was born on 11th December 1863 in Dover, Delaware. She was an american astronomer whose work contributes in the expansion of current stellar classification. She made the first accurate attempt to organize and classify stars on the basis of their temperature and spectral form. She suffered from hearing loss during her childhood. She was almost deaf during her career. She was member of National women's party and by her nature, she was a extreme suffragist.
Early life :Annie Jump was the eldest of the three daughters of Wilson Cannon (shipbuilder and state senator) and Mary Jump (second wife of Wilson Cannon). It was Annie's mother who encouraged her to peruse her education and career in her interests. She suggested her to study in Wellesley college, perusing in mathematics, biology and chemistry. Cannon's mother teaching like household economics, helped her to organize her research later on.
Education:She took her early education and was brilliant student of mathematics, then went to Wellesley College of Massachusetts in 1880 and studied physics and astronomy, later she went to work at Harvard Observatory.
Career:Astronomer Annie Jump was the pioneer, who develop a simple spectral classification system. She categorized nearly 400,000 stars in total. She for the very first time found a double star, three hundred variable stars and 5 novas. She worked as astronomer for more then forty years till 1940, until she got retired. During her career she also work as suffragist, and helped many women to attain respect and reputation in scientific society. She was a hard working woman with a calm nature who build the ways for upcoming women in the field of scientific research and astronomy.
Post Life and Death:Annie Jump Canon died on 13th April, 1941 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. she died at the age of 72. She was hospitalized prior to her death due extreme illness. After her death American Astronomical Society announce an award named after her (The Annie Jump Cannon Award), yearly to those female astronomers, who worked remarkably in astronomy.
The astronomer who, at the start of the 20th century, measured and catalogued the spectra of hundreds of thousands of stars was Annie Jump Cannon. She worked under Edward C. Pickering at the Harvard Observatory and her detailed catalogue served as a major reference for astronomers for the rest of the century.
Explanation:The astronomer you're referring to is Annie Jump Cannon who worked at the Harvard Observatory under Edward C. Pickering. In the late 1800s, Pickering started an ambitious project of classifying stellar spectra, the foundation of this work was a remarkable collection of close to one million photographic spectra of stars. Cannon was hired by Pickering to assist in the classification of spectra and her efficiency was such, that she could visually identify and determine the spectral types of several hundred stars per hour.
This relentless work resulted in Cannon creating a comprehensive catalog containing the spectral types for hundreds of thousands of stars. This seminal piece of work became the blueprint for much of twentieth-century astronomy, and served to influence and inform a whole generation of astronomers. Therefore, Cannon's detailed and systematic study was instrumental in developing a deeper understanding of the universe as we know it today.
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When comparing saturated and naturally occurring unsaturated fats, the unsaturated fats have __________ and are __________ at room temperature.
Answer: have "cis C=C double bonds" and "liquid" at room temperature.
Explanation:
The unsaturated fatty acids have one or more C=C double bonds in the cis formation. Thus, this results in the molecules not been as stable as the saturated fats. They have weaker intermolecular bonds thus resulting in lower melting point . The consequently results in it being liquid at room temperature.
Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds in their carbon chain and are usually liquid at room temperature. In contrast, saturated fats, which have no double bonds, are typically solid at room temperature.
Explanation:When comparing saturated and naturally occurring unsaturated fats, the unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds in their carbon chain and are typically liquid at room temperature. Saturated fats, on the other hand, have no double bonds and are usually solid at room temperature. This is due to the straight, closely packed chains of saturated fat molecules, whereas the double bonds in unsaturated fats cause bends, preventing them from packing closely together and remaining fluid at room temperature.
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(a) At what height above Earth’s surface is the energy required to lift a satellite to that height equal to the kinetic energy required for the satellite to be in orbit at that height?
(b) For greater heights, which is greater, the energy for lifting or the kinetic energy for orbiting?
Answer:
Explanation:
Gravitational Potential Energy at earth surface [tex]U_1=\frac{GM_em}{R_e}[/tex]
Gravitational Potential Energy at height h is [tex]U_2=\frac{GM_em}{R_e+h}[/tex]
Energy required to lift the satellite [tex]E_1=U_1-U_2[/tex]
[tex]E_1=\frac{GM_em}{R_e}-\frac{GM_em}{R_e+h}[/tex]
Now Energy required to orbit around the earth
[tex]E_2=\frac{1}{2}mv_{orbit}^2=\frac{GM_2m}{2(R_e+h)}[/tex]
[tex]\Delta E=E_1-E_2[/tex]
[tex]\Delta E=\frac{GM_em}{R_e}-\frac{GM_em}{R_e+h}-\frac{GM_2m}{2(R_e+h)}[/tex]
[tex]E_1=E_2[/tex] (given)
[tex]\frac{GM_em}{R_e}-\frac{GM_em}{R_e+h}-\frac{GM_2m}{2(R_e+h)}=0[/tex]
[tex]\frac{1}{R_e}-\frac{3}{2(R_e+h)}=0[/tex]
[tex]h=\frac{R_e}{2}[/tex]
[tex]h=3.19\times 10^6\ m[/tex]
(b)For greater height [tex]E_1[/tex] is greater than [tex]E_2[/tex]
thus energy to lift the satellite is more than orbiting around earth
Which statements describe the Mercalli scale?
a. This scale measures seismic waves based on their size.
b. This scale rates an earthquake according to how much damage it causes.
c. This scale produces a single rating for earthquakes that reach the surface.
d. This scale uses Roman numerals to rank the damage caused by an earthquake.
e. This scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake based on the size of seismic waves.
Answer:
The correct options are b. This scale rates an earth quake according to how much damage it causes. and d. This scale uses roman numerals to rank the damage caused by an earth quake.
Explanation:
According to the definition of the Mercalli scale " it is a scale used for the measurement of the intensity of the earthquakes" and was first invented in 1884 by the Italian volcanologist Giuseppe Mercalli. This scale ranges from I to XII.
Answer:
b d
Explanation:
did the quiz
You throw a ball horizontally from the top of a building, with a speed of 3 m/s. In this problem, you can neglect the force of air resistance.
After 2 Seconds, what is the balls horizontal velocity?
A. Impossible to tell
B.Less than 3 m/s
C. 3 m/s
D. 0
E.More than 3 m/s
Answer:
Option C. 3 m/s
Explanation:
From the question it is stated that we can neglect the force of air resistance, therefore there is no force acting on the ball horizontally. From Newton's first law of motion an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force. thus the ball velocity will remain 3m/s.
Which sentence below describes a contact force? A) A baseball bat hits a ball B) A book falls to the floor C) A leaf floats in the air and falls to the ground D) A magnetic force pulls a paper clip toward a magnet Please help!!!
A baseball bat hits a ball is an example of contact force.
Option A.
Explanation:Contact force is defined as those forces which are acting between two bodies by actually touch between two bodies.
In case of the book falling to ground, the force acting is the gravitational force. Gravitational force acts even when two bodies aren't in contact. So its a non contact force.
Similar is the condition of the leaf and ground where the gravitational force acts.
The magnetic force between the paper clip and the magnet is also non contact force, which acts even when two bodies aren't in contact.
But the bat hitting the ball is having direct contact between the two bodies, and their contact is what makes the ball fly off. So its a contact force.
Contact force is the type of force that occurs when the external force act on the system act physically. A baseball bat hitting a ball is the right example of contact forces.
What is contact force?Any force that requires touch is referred to as a contact force. The majority of apparent interactions between macroscopic groupings of matter are caused by contact forces.
Contact forces are used in everyday circumstances. For example, a baseball bat hits a ball.
Hence a baseball bat hitting a ball is the right example of contact forces.
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5) The gravitational force between two objects that
are 2.1x10 m apart is 3.2x10N. If the mass of one
object is 55 kg what is the mass of the other object?
Answer:
F=G[tex]\frac{M1XM2}{R^{2} }[/tex]
Explanation:
F=F=G[tex]\frac{M1XM2}{R^{2} }[/tex]
Newton law define gravity as the product of two mass and the mean squired distance between the two bodies.
Where F is the gravitational pull and G is the gravitational constant and M1 and M2 are masses of two bodies while R is their mean distance
Replacing the value in the equation it becomes:
3.2x10N=G[tex]\frac{M1X55}{2.1X10^{2} }[/tex] Where G is the gravitation constant,[tex]6.67x10^{-11}[/tex]
M1=[tex]\frac{3.2X10X(2.1X10)^{2} }{55}[/tex]
M1=[tex]3.8468x10^{-11}[/tex]Kg
Baby Susie's pediatrician notices that one of her eyes rotates outward and that she does not appear to be using it for vision. What is her condition and what does the pediatrician recommend?
Answer:
Susie has strabismus.
Explanation:
Strabismus is a medical condition in which the patient can not keep his/her eyes aligned under the normal conditions. In strabismus one or both of eyes rolls into up, down, in or out direction. Physicians usually recommend the exercises for eyes or placing a patch on the unaffected eye or they also do surgery where it's required like in severe cases.
A 6.0-kg box slides down an inclined plane that makes an angle of 39o with the horizontal. If the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.40, at what rate does the box accelerate down the slope?3.1m/s23.4m/s23.7m/s24.1m/s2
Answer:
A. 3.1m/s²
Explanation:
Since the body is sliding down the plane, the frictional force (Ff) being a force of opposition will be acting upwards.
The forces acting on the body in the vertical direction will be the weight (W) and the normal reaction(R) acting in the opposite direction.
Taking the sum of the forces along the plane,
Fm - Ff = mass × acceleration (newton's law)
Since Fm = Wsin(theta)
Ff = nR where n is the coefficient of friction we will have;
Wsin(theta) - nR = ma... (1)
W = mg = 6×10 = 60N
n = 0.40
R = Wcos (theta) {resolving weight to the vertical)
R = 60cos39°
R = 46.6N
Substituting this values into eqn 1 to the get the acceleration,
60sin39° - 0.4(46.6) = 6a
37.8 - 18.64 = 6a
19.16 = 6a
a = 19.16/6
a = 3.19m/s²
The acceleration of the body down the plane will be 3.1m/s²
a child stands with each foot on a different scale. The left scale reads 200N and the right scale reads 150N. what is her mass in kg?
Answer:
35.7 kg
Explanation:
We are given that
Left scale reads =200N
Right scale reads=150 N
We have to find the mass in kg.
We know that
Weight of child= Sum of two scales=200+150=350 N
Acceleration due to gravity=[tex]9.8 m/s^2[/tex]
We know that
Weight= mg
Using the formula
[tex]350=9.8 m[/tex]
[tex]m=\frac{350}{9.8}=35.7 kg[/tex]
Hence, the mass of child=35.7 kg
In terms of conservation of momentum explain why it is not a good idea to jump from a rowboat to a dock that seems just within jumping distance, if the boat is not tied to the dock.
Answer:
Explanation:
It is dangerous to jump from rowboat to a dock because you may end up hurting yourself.
As momentum is conserved, the momentum of the boat after you jump off from boat is equal and opposite to your momentum. So you end up landing far behind than you expected and hurt yourself.
Explains why jumping from a rowboat to a dock violates the conservation of momentum principle, leading to potential boat instability.
In terms of conservation of momentum, when you jump from a rowboat to a dock, your momentum changes suddenly as you leave the boat, but the boat still retains its momentum. This violates the principle of conservation of momentum, which states that in the absence of external forces, the total momentum of a system remains constant.
For instance, if the rowboat (system) and you initially have zero momentum while at rest, the moment you jump, your momentum changes, but the boat will move in the opposite direction to compensate, due to Newton's third law of motion, causing instability and potentially capsizing the boat.
Young David who slew Goliath experimented with slings beforetackling the giant. He found that he could revolve a sling oflength 0.600 m at the rate of9.00 rev/s. If he increased the lengthto 0.900 m, he could revolve the slingonly 7.00 times per second.(a) What is the speed of the stone for eachrate of rotation?1 m/s at 9.00 rev/s2 m/s at 7.00 rev/s(b) What is the centripetal acceleration of the stone at9.00 rev/s?3 m/s2(c) What is the centripetal acceleration at 7.00 rev/s?4 m/s2
Answer:
(a) velocity at 9 rev/s is 34.3m/s and the velocity at 7rev/s is 40.4 m/s. These were values can be gotten by using the formula v = 2(pi)R/T. Where T is the period. T = 1/w(angular velocity).
(b) acceleration at 9.0rev/s is 1961 m/s²
(c) acceleration at 7.0rev/s is 1814 m/s²
These values can be gotten by using the formula a = v²/R
Explanation:
The full solution can be found in the attachment below.
Thank you for reading.
Final answer:
To find the speed of the stone for each rate of rotation, use the formula Speed = (2 * pi * radius * rate of rotation). The centripetal acceleration at 9.00 rev/s is approximately 3.1 m/s^2 and at 7.00 rev/s is approximately 3.9 m/s^2.
Explanation:
To find the speed of the stone for each rate of rotation, we can use the formula:
Speed = (2 * pi * radius * rate of rotation)
Using a length of 0.600 m and a rate of rotation of 9.00 rev/s, the speed of the stone is approximately 3.4 m/s. Using a length of 0.900 m and a rate of rotation of 7.00 rev/s, the speed of the stone is approximately 4.9 m/s.
The centripetal acceleration of the stone at 9.00 rev/s can be found using the formula:
Centripetal acceleration = (speed)^2 / radius
Substituting the values, we get a centripetal acceleration of approximately 3.1 m/s^2.
The centripetal acceleration at 7.00 rev/s can be found using the same formula. Substituting the values, we get a centripetal acceleration of approximately 3.9 m/s^2.
An automobile has a mass of 2100 kg and a velocity of +17 m/s. It makes a rear-end collision with a stationary car whose mass is 1900 kg. The cars lock bumpers and skid off together with the wheels locked. (a) What is the velocity of the two cars just after the collision? (b) Find the impulse (magnitude and direction) that acts on the skidding cars from just after the collision until they come to a halt. (c) Review: If the coefficient of kinetic friction between the wheels of the cars and the pavement is μk = 0.68, determine how far the cars skid before coming to rest.
Answer:
a. [tex]v'=8.925\ m.s^{-1}[/tex]
b. [tex]I=1585397.5872\ N.s[/tex]
c. [tex]s=265.4125\ m[/tex]
Explanation:
mass of moving car, [tex]m_m=2100\ kg[/tex]velocity of moving car, [tex]v=17\ m.s^{-1}[/tex]mass of the stationary car, [tex]m_s=1900\ kg[/tex]coefficient of kinetic friction, [tex]\mu_k=0.68[/tex]a.
Velocity of the two cars just after the collision:
Using the law of conservation of
[tex]m_m.v+m_s\times 0=(m_m+m_s)\times v'[/tex]
[tex]2100\times 17+ 0=(2100+1900)\times v'[/tex]
[tex]v'=8.925\ m.s^{-1}[/tex]
b.
Frictional force acting on the combined mass of cars:
[tex]f=\mu_k\times N[/tex]
where:
N = reaction normal to the contact surface by the ground
[tex]f=0.68\times (2100+1900)\times 9.8[/tex]
[tex]f=26656\ N[/tex] is the resistance force to the motion of the wheels
Now, by Newton's second law of motion:
[tex]f=\frac{dp}{t}[/tex]
[tex]f=\frac{(m_m+m_s)\times v'}{t}[/tex]
[tex]26656=\frac{(2100+1900)\times 8.925}{t}[/tex]
[tex]t=59.4762\ s[/tex]
Now impulse is the impact load acting acting for certain time:
[tex]I=f\times t[/tex]
[tex]I=26656\times 59.4762[/tex]
[tex]I=1585397.5872\ N.s[/tex]
c.
The distance the the cars skid before coming to rest:
using equation of motion:
[tex]v'_f=v'+a.t[/tex]
we've [tex]v'_f=0\ m.s^{-1}[/tex] since final velocity is zero
[tex]0=8.925+a\times 59.4762[/tex]
[tex]a=0.1501\ m.s^{-2}[/tex]
now since we have:
[tex]s=v'.t+\frac{1}{2} a.t^2[/tex]
[tex]s=8.925\times 59.4762-0.5\times 0.1501\times 59.4762^2[/tex]
[tex]s=265.4125\ m[/tex]
A. The velocity of the two cars just after the collision is 8.925 m/s
B. The impulse that acts on the skidding cars just after the collision is 35700 Ns
C. The distance travelled by the skidding cars before coming to rest is 5.98 m
A. Determination of the velocity the two cars
Mass of moving car (m₁) = 2100 Kg
Initial velocity of moving car (u₁) = 17 m/s
Mass of stationary car (m₂) = 1900 Kg
Initial velocity of stationary car (u₂) = 0 m/s
Velocity of the two cars (v) =?[tex]v = \frac{u_1m_1 + u_2m_2}{m_1m_2} \\ \\ v = \frac{(2100 \times 17) + (1900 \times 0)}{2100 + 1900} \\ \\ v = 8.925 \: m/s[/tex]
Thus, the velocity of the two cars is 8.925 m/s
B. Determination of the impulse
Mass of moving car (m₁) = 2100 Kg
Mass of stationary car (m₂) = 1900 Kg
Velocity of the two cars (v) = 8.925 m/s
Impulse (I) =?I = Ft = mv
I = (2100 + 1900) × 8.925
I = 35700 NsThus, the impulse on the skidding cars is 35700 Ns
C. Determination of the distance travelled by the skidding cars.
We'll begin by calculating the force acting on the skidding carsMass of moving car (m₁) = 2100 Kg
Mass of stationary car (m₂) = 1900 Kg
Total mass = 2100 + 1900 = 4000 Kg
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s²
Normal reaction (N) = mg = 4000 × 9.8 = 39200 N
Coefficient of kinetic friction (μ) = 0.68
Frictional force (F) =?F = μN
F = 0.68 × 39200
F = 26656 NNext, we shall determine the time.Impulse (I) = 35700 Ns
Force (F) = 26656 N
Time (t) =?I = Ft
35700 = 26656 × t
Divide both side by 26656
t = 35700 / 26656
t = 1.34 sFinally, we shall determine the distance travelledInitial velocity of the two cars (u) = 8.925 m/s
Final velocity of the two cars (v) = 0 m/s
Time (t) = 1.34 s
Distance (s) =?[tex]s = \frac{(v + u)t}{2} \\ \\ s = \frac{(8.925 + 0)1.34}{2} \\ \\ s = \frac{8.925 \times 1.34}{2} \\ \\ s = 5.98 \: m[/tex]
Therefore, the distance travelled by the skidding cars before coming to rest is 5.98 m
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A demented scientist creates a new temperature scale, the "Z scale." He decides to call the boiling point of nitrogen 0°Z and the melting point of iron 1000°Z.
A) What is the boiling point of water on the Z scale?
B) Convert 100°Z to the Celsius scale.
C) Convert 100°Z to the Kelvin scale.
Answer:
A) [tex] Z = 0.577 C +112.931[/tex]
[tex] Z = 0.577*(100) +112.931=170.631 Z[/tex]
B) [tex] C=\frac{Z-112.931}{0.577}= \frac{100-112.931}{0.577}=-22.41 C[/tex]
C) [tex] K = C +273.15[/tex]
[tex] K = -22.41 +273.15 =250.739 K[/tex]
Explanation:
For this case we want to create a function like this:
[tex] Z = a C + b[/tex]
Where Z represent the degrees for the Z scale C the Celsius grades and tha valus a and b parameters for the model.
The boiling point of nitrogen is -195,8 °C
The melting point of iron is 1538 °C
We know the following equivalences:
-195.8 °C = 0 °Z
1538 °C = 1000 °Z
Let's say that one point its (1538C, 1000 Z) and other one is (-195.8 C, 0Z)
So then we can calculate the slope for the linear model like this:
[tex] a = \frac{z_2 -z_1}{c_2 -c_1}= \frac{1000 Z- 0Z}{1538C -(-195.8 C)}=\frac{1000 Z}{1733.8 C}=0.577 \frac{Z}{C}[/tex]
And now for the slope we can use one point let's use for example (-195.8C, 0Z), and we have this:
[tex] 0 = 0.577 (-195.8) + b[/tex]
And if we solve for b we got:
[tex] b = 0.577*195.8 =112.931 Z[/tex]
So then our lineal model would be:
[tex] Z = 0.577 C +112.931[/tex]
Part A
The boiling point of water is 100C so we just need to replace in the model and see what we got:
[tex] Z = 0.577*(100) +112.931=170.631 Z[/tex]
Part B
For this case we have Z =100 and we want to solve for C, so we can do this:
[tex] Z-112.931 = 0.577 C[/tex]
[tex] C=\frac{Z-112.931}{0.577}= \frac{100-112.931}{0.577}=-22.41 C[/tex]
Part C
For this case we know that [tex] K = C +273.15[/tex]
And we can use the result from part B to solve for K like this:
[tex] K = -22.41 +273.15 =250.739 K[/tex]
Final answer:
The boiling point of water on the Z scale is 500°Z. To convert 100°Z to the Celsius scale, the equivalent temperature is 10°C. To convert 100°Z to the Kelvin scale, the equivalent temperature is 283.15 K.
Explanation:
The Z scale is a new temperature scale created by the demented scientist. According to the Z scale, the boiling point of nitrogen is 0°Z and the melting point of iron is 1000°Z.
A) To find the boiling point of water on the Z scale, we need to look at the temperature range between the boiling point of nitrogen and the melting point of iron. Since the boiling point of nitrogen is 0°Z and the melting point of iron is 1000°Z, the range between them is 1000-0 = 1000°Z. Therefore, the boiling point of water on the Z scale is 500°Z, which is halfway between 0°Z and 1000°Z.
B) To convert 100°Z to the Celsius scale, we can use the formula: Celsius = (Z - 0) * (100 - 0) / (1000 - 0). Plugging in the values, we get Celsius = (100 - 0) * (100 - 0) / (1000 - 0) = 10000 / 1000 = 10°C.
C) To convert 100°Z to the Kelvin scale, we use the formula: Kelvin = Celsius + 273.15. Plugging in the value, we get Kelvin = 10 + 273.15 = 283.15 K.
Tech A says quartz crystals under mechanical stress will produce a voltage. Tech B says the piezoelectric principle is used in coolant temp sensors. Who is correct?
Answer:
Tech A is right.
Explanation:
Its the ability of quartz crystal that if we apply a mechanical stress on them by an applied force then they can produce the electricity or voltage. This phenomenon of producing electricity by squeezing a crystal is termed as piezoelectricity or a piezoelectric effect.
Tech A is correct. Quartz crystals under mechanical stress can produce a voltage. The piezoelectric principle is used in coolant temperature sensors.
Explanation:Tech A is correct. Quartz crystals, when subjected to mechanical stress, exhibit piezoelectric behavior, which means they can generate a voltage. This phenomenon is based on the piezoelectric effect, where the crystal structure of quartz generates an electric charge when deformed. This property is extensively used in various applications, including sensors, resonators, and oscillators.
Tech B is also correct. The piezoelectric principle is indeed used in coolant temperature sensors. These sensors utilize a piezoelectric material, such as quartz, to convert temperature changes into an electric signal. When the temperature of the coolant changes, it causes the piezoelectric material to deform, resulting in a change in voltage or current that can be measured and interpreted to determine the coolant temperature.
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A heavy-duty stapling gun uses a 0.179 kg metal rod that rams against the staple to eject it. The rod is attached and pushed by a stiff spring called a ram spring (k = 37107 N/m). The mass of this spring may be ignored. Squeezing the handle of the gun first compresses. The ram spring is compressed by 3.20 10-2 m from its unstrained length and then releases from rest. Assuming that the ram spring is oriented vertically and is still compressed by 1.35 10-2 m when the downward-moving ram hits the staple, find the speed of the ram at the instant of contact.
Final answer:
The speed of the ram at the instant of contact is 8.413 m/s.
Explanation:
To find the speed of the ram at the instant of contact, we can use the principle of conservation of mechanical energy. The initial potential energy stored in the compressed spring is converted into the kinetic energy of the ram as it hits the staple. Since the mass of the spring is ignored, we can consider the system as consisting of only the ram.
Using the equation for the potential energy of the spring (PE = 0.5kx^2), we can calculate the initial potential energy. The compressed length of the spring is 3.20 x 10^-2 m, so the initial potential energy is 0.5(37107 N/m)(3.20 x 10^-2 m)^2 = 192.128 J.
At the instant of contact, all of the potential energy has been converted into kinetic energy. Therefore, we can equate the initial potential energy to the final kinetic energy of the ram. The kinetic energy is given by KE = 0.5mv^2, where m is the mass of the ram (0.179 kg) and v is the speed of the ram at the instant of contact.
Solving for v, we have: 192.128 J = 0.5(0.179 kg)v^2. Rearranging the equation and solving for v, we find that v = 8.413 m/s. Therefore, the speed of the ram at the instant of contact is 8.413 m/s.
Assume that you land at an airport with the altimeter set to 29.92 instead of the current setting of 30.00. What will the altimeter read if the field elevation is 2,000 feet MSL?
When the altimeter is set to 29.92 inHg, it will read 4,000 feet MSL at a field elevation of 2,000 feet MSL.
To determine the altimeter reading when the field elevation is 2,000 feet MSL (Mean Sea Level) and the altimeter is set to 29.92 inches of mercury (inHg), we need to consider the difference in pressure settings.
The altimeter measures altitude based on the atmospheric pressure. When the altimeter setting (also known as the barometric pressure setting) is changed, it adjusts the reference point for sea level pressure. The standard atmospheric pressure at sea level is approximately 29.92 inHg.
Given:
Field elevation = 2,000 feet MSL
Altimeter setting = 29.92 inHg
We need to find the altimeter reading when the altimeter is set to 29.92 inHg.
To calculate the altimeter reading, we need to determine the difference in pressure between the current pressure (altimeter setting) and the pressure at the field elevation (2,000 feet above sea level).
The standard atmospheric pressure decreases as we go higher in altitude. A typical lapse rate for pressure is around 1 inHg per 1,000 feet of altitude gain. Since the field elevation is 2,000 feet above sea level, the difference in pressure would be approximately 2 inHg.
Therefore, the corrected altimeter reading would be 2,000 feet + 2,000 feet (for the 2 inHg difference) = 4,000 feet MSL.
Hence, when the altimeter is set to 29.92 inHg, it will read 4,000 feet MSL at a field elevation of 2,000 feet MSL.
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The pathologic changes that occur in the development of coronary atherosclerotic lesions include call damage resulting from which of the following? (Select all that apply):
1. a decrease in smooth muscle cells2. a chronic calcium buildup3. the effects of oxidized lipids4. an inflammatory response5. the formation of plaques
Answer:
3 effect of oxidized lipids
4 an inflammatory response
5 the formation of plaques
Explanation:
Destruction of cells due to oxidation of lipids whereby free radicals steal electrons in cell membrane.
This occurs when tissues get injured by trauma, bacteria or toxins, thereby causing damages cells to release chemicals like histamine, brakykinn that cause vessels to leak fluid into the injured tissues causing swelling.
-plaques are regions of destroyed cells which are visible structures formed inside a cell culture.
A thread holds a 1.5-kg and a 4.50-kg cart together. After the thread is burned, a compressed spring pushes the carts apart, giving the 1.5 kg cart a speed of 26 cm/s to the left. What is the velocity of the 4.5-kg cart? a. 10 cm/s b. 4.56 cm/s c. 8.67 cm/s d. 7.3 cm/s
Answer:
c. 8.67 cm/s
Explanation:
From the law of conservation of momentum,
Total momentum before the thread was burned = Total momentum after was burned
mu + m'u' = mv + m'v'...................... Equation
Where m = mass of the heavier cart, m' = mass of the lighter cart, u = initial velocity of the bigger cart, u' = initial velocity of the smaller cart, v = final velocity of the bigger cart, v' = final velocity of the smaller cart.
Note: Both cart where momentarily at rest, as such u = u' = 0. i.e the total momentum before the thread was burn = 0
And assuming the left is positive,
We can rewrite equation 1 as
mv + m'v' = 0............................................ Equation 2
Given: m = 4.5 kg, m' = 1.5 kg, v' = 26 cm/s
Substitute into equation 2,
4.5v + 1.5(26) = 0
4.5v + 39 = 0
4.5v = -39
v = -39/4.5
v = -8.67 cm/s.
Note: v is negative because it moves to right.
Hence the velocity of the 4.5 kg cart = 8.67 cm/s.
The right option is c. 8.67 cm/s
The velocity of the 4.5 kg cart after the thread is burned is 10 cm/s.
Explanation:When the thread is burned, the compressed spring pushes the carts apart. Since the 1.5 kg cart moves to the left with a speed of 26 cm/s, the 4.5 kg cart would also move to the left but with a slower speed. To determine the velocity of the 4.5 kg cart, we can use the principle of conservation of momentum:
Momentum before = Momentum after
(Mass of 1.5 kg cart) x (Initial velocity) + (Mass of 4.5 kg cart) x (Initial velocity) = (Mass of 1.5 kg cart + Mass of 4.5 kg cart) x (Final velocity)
Solving for the final velocity of the 4.5 kg cart:
(1.5 kg x 26 cm/s + 4.5 kg x 0 cm/s) / (1.5 kg + 4.5 kg) = (6.9 kg) x (Final velocity)
Final velocity = 10 cm/s
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An ideal gas is enclosed in a piston, and exactly 1200 J of work is done on the gas. As this happens, the internal energy of the gas increases by exactly 700 J. During this process, how much heat flows into or out of the ideal gas? Enter a positive number to indicate a heat flow into the gas or a negative number to indicate a heat flow out of the gas.
Answer:
[tex]dQ=-500J[/tex]
Explanation:
We have given work is done on the gas is 1200 J
So work done will be [tex]dW=-1200J[/tex] ( as work is done on the gas )
It is given that internal energy is increases by exactly 700 J
So [tex]dU=700J[/tex]
From thermodynamic equation [tex]dQ=dU+dW[/tex]
So [tex]dQ=700-1200=-500J[/tex]
Here negative sign indicates that heat flow out of the gas
If heat was negative then heal was flowing in the gas
"The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in internal (thermal) energy of the gas?"
Answer:
zero
Explanation:
Work done = - 400 J
In an isothermal process, the temperature remains constant. So, according to the first law of thermodynamics
dQ = dU + dW
As the temperature remains constant and the change in internal energy is the function of change in temperature, here change is temperature is zero so the change in internal energy is also zero.
Final answer:
The change in internal energy of an ideal gas during an isothermal process is 0 J. This is because in an isothermal process for an ideal gas, any work done by the gas is invariably compensated by an equivalent amount of heat absorbed, resulting in no net change in internal energy.
Explanation:
The question pertains to the change in internal energy of an ideal gas during an isothermal process in the context of thermodynamics, specifically according to the first law of thermodynamics. The first law states that the change in internal energy of a system (Triangle U) is equal to the heat added to the system (Q) minus the work done by the system (W). In an isothermal process, the temperature remains constant, and if the process is performed on an ideal gas, the internal energy also remains constant since it depends only on temperature for an ideal gas. Therefore, the change in internal energy ( triangle U) is zero.
In this specific scenario where the work done on the system is -400 J (-W), which means that the system has done 400 J of work on the surroundings. Since no heat transfer information is given, we can infer that in an isothermal process, whatever work is done by the gas is compensated by the heat received from the surroundings, keeping the internal energy unchanged. Thus, the change in internal energy of the gas is 0 J, as the energy spent as work would have been absorbed as heat from the surroundings.
A film of soapy water (n = 1.33) on top of a sheet of Plexiglas (n = 1.51) has a thickness of 266 nm. What wavelength is most strongly reflected if it is illuminated perpendicular to its surface? (This is the apparent color of the soapy film.) nm
Wavelength of the most strongly reflected is approximately 707 nm, which corresponds to red light in the visible spectrum.
To determine the wavelength most strongly reflected by a soapy water film, we can use the principle of thin film interference. Here,
the film has a refractive index of 1.33 thickness of 266 nm, it is on top of Plexiglas with a refractive index of 1.51.For constructive interference to occur in a thin film illuminated perpendicularly, the condition we use is:
2nt = mλ
where n is the refractive index of the film,
t is the thickness of the film, λ is the wavelength of light in the vacuum, m is an integer representing the order of the interference.Since we need the most strongly reflected wavelength, we'll consider
m = 1 (the first order of constructive interference).
Substituting the values into the equation:
2 x 1.33 x 266 nm = 1 x λ
This simplifies to:
λ = 2 x 1.33 x 266 nm
λ ≈ 707 nm
Therefore, the most strongly reflected wavelength is approximately 707 nm, which corresponds to red light in the visible spectrum.
A bullet is fired through a board 13.0 cm thick in such a way that the bullet's line of motion is perpendicular to the face of the board. The initial speed of the bullet is 560 m/s and it emerges from the other side of the board with a speed of 460 m/s. (a) Find the acceleration of the bullet as it passes through the board.
Answer:
392307.6923 m/s²
Explanation:
t = Time taken
u = Initial velocity = 560 m/s
v = Final velocity = 460 m/s
s = Displacement = 13 cm
a = Acceleration
From the equation of motion we have
[tex]v^2-u^2=2as\\\Rightarrow a=\dfrac{v^2-u^2}{2s}\\\Rightarrow a=\dfrac{460^2-560^2}{2\times 13\times 10^{-2}}\\\Rightarrow a=-392307.6923\ m/s^2[/tex]
The acceleration of the bullet as it passes through the board is -392307.6923 m/s²
ill has just gotten out of her car in the grocery store parking lot. The parking lot is on a hill and is tilted 3 degrees. Fifty meters downhill from Jill, a little old lady lets go of a fully loaded shopping cart. The cart, with frictionless wheels, starts to roll straight downhill. Jill immediately starts to sprint after the cart with her top acceleration of 2.0m/s2.How far has the cart rolled before Jill catches it?
Answer:
[tex]t=25.6446\ s[/tex]
is the time after which Jill will be able to catch the cart.
Explanation:
Given:
angle of inclination, [tex]\theta=3\ ^{\circ}[/tex]height of the cart from the level ground, [tex]h=50\ m[/tex]acceleration of Jill, [tex]a=2\ m.s^{-2}[/tex]Now the component of gravity acting on the cart along the inclined plane:
[tex]g'=g.sin\ \theta[/tex]
[tex]g'=9.8\times sin\ 3^{\circ}[/tex]
[tex]g'=0.5129\ m.s^{-2}[/tex]
Time taken by Jill to reach this speed:
[tex]v=u+a.t[/tex]
where:
t = time taken
u = initial velocity = 0
[tex]51.289=0+2\times t[/tex]
[tex]t=25.6446\ s[/tex] is the time after which Jill will be able to catch the cart.
how do you describe and determine the direction of the magnetic field produced by an electric current?
Answer:
the magnet or electric current produces a magnetic field
Explanation:
this magnetic field can be visualized as a pattern of a circular field lines surrounding a wire. hall probes can determine the magnitude of the field
hope it helps you
The direction of a magnetic field produced by an electric current in a straight wire can be determined using the right-hand rule. The Biot-Savart law is used to calculate the magnetic field strength at a distance from the wire.
Explanation:To describe and determine the direction of the magnetic field produced by an electric current, one commonly uses the right-hand rule. For a straight, current-carrying wire, point your right-hand thumb in the direction of the current; then, the direction in which your fingers curl around the wire represents the direction of the magnetic field lines, which form concentric circles around the wire.
For example, if the current flows from right to left in a wire, and you are looking at the wire end-on from the left end, your thumb would point to the left, indicating the direction of the current. Your fingers would naturally curl in a counterclockwise direction, suggesting the magnetic field direction at that point.
For calculating the magnetic field strength, B, produced by a long straight wire carrying current I, the Biot-Savart law can be used. It states that the strength of the magnetic field is directly proportional to the magnitude of the current and inversely proportional to the distance from the wire (assuming the wire is very long compared to the distance).
Rutherford’s α-scattering experiment showed that most α particles directed toward a thin metallic foil passed through with only slight deviations. From this evidence we can conclude that
1. the foil was too thin.
2. an α particle is a type of light which should not be deflected.
3. the mass of the atom is concentrated in a very small area.
4. α particles are uncharged.
5. α particles are too small to hit anything.
Answer:
3. the mass of the atom is concentrated in a very small area.
Explanation:
As the Rutherford experiment has shown that majority of particles has passed the foil with slightest deviations. It shows that the most of the part of atom is empty which doesn't effect the deviation of alpha particles. Few particles are deflected at significant angels shows that there must be a mass occupying the smaller area of atom which is later on called as nucleus.