Answer:Extended care
Explanation: Extended care can be best explained as services that meet the health needs of a client who no longer need acute hospital care. It involves skilled nursing care in the client's home or in a nursing home, and hospice care for dying clients. Primary care is provided by the family doctor, the nurse, or any health care facility that is the first contact for the client.
Given what you have learned about primate dental functional morphology, and the information just provided, what do you predict as the diet of the primate Skull A? What do you predict as the diet of primate Skull B? g
Answer:
a. Because tooth shape varies with fracture properties of the foods that primates eat, relationships between dental form and function can teach us about the diets of our distant ancestors.
b. Most plant parts and animals have not evolved to be eaten (with a few exceptions, such as primate-dispersed angiosperm fruits). They are typically protected from being broken by either stress-limited or displacement-limited defenses. Stress-limited foods include hard-brittle items, such as some nuts and palm fronds, which require substantial stress (force per unit area) to initiate a crack, but once a crack starts, it is easily propagated. Displacement-limited foods, on the other hand, are typically tough items that may require little work to start a crack, but substantial energy to spread the crack through. Examples include raw meat and many mature leaves. This dichotomy is clearly an over-simplification, but it serves us well for understanding the challenges that teeth face during chewing.
Explanation:
DENTAL FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY
An understanding of relationships between tooth form and function requires a way of comparing dental morphology between species with different diets. Researchers have developed several approaches to quantifying functional aspects of occlusal shape in primates.
The traditional approach has been the study of shearing quotients (Kay, 1984). This involves calculation of the summed lengths of crests running up and over individual cusps relative to the mesiodistal length of the tooth as a whole (Figure 3). The longer the crests (i.e., taller or sharper the cusps), the higher the shearing quotient (SQ). Among closely related primates, folivores have higher SQs than frugivores, and among fruit-eaters those that consume hard objects have the lowest SQ values. This fits well with our predictions for occlusal morphology given the fracture properties of leaves, fruit flesh, and hard objects. We should therefore be able to infer diets of fossil species based on where they fall on a plot of molar-crest length against tooth length for living primates with known food preferences (Figure 3).
Sugar has been implicated by many people in some major health problems. One scientifically proven effect of sugar on health is that: a. the link between sugar intake and colon cancer is weaker when total calorie intakes exceed the daily need b. sugar consumed in large amounts leads to obesity, even when calorie intake does not exceed calorie needs c. fructose suppresses the human appetite in the same way that glucose does d. consuming sweetened soft drinks every day for a few weeks results in significant changes in blood lipids e. eating large amounts of pure sugar puts a strain on the appendix, leading to diabetes
Consuming sweetened soft drinks every day for a few weeks can result in significant changes in blood lipids. Consuming large amounts of sugar can lead to obesity, even when calorie intake does not exceed calorie needs. The other options mentioned in the question are not scientifically proven effects of sugar on health.
Explanation:A scientifically proven effect of sugar on health is that consuming sweetened soft drinks every day for a few weeks results in significant changes in blood lipids. This means that regular consumption of sugary drinks can negatively affect the levels of fats in the blood, potentially increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Another effect of sugar on health is that sugar consumed in large amounts leads to obesity, even when calorie intake does not exceed calorie needs. Excessive sugar intake can contribute to weight gain and increase the risk of obesity-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
It is important to note that the other options mentioned in the question, such as the link between sugar intake and colon cancer when calorie intakes exceed the daily need, fructose suppressing appetite, and eating large amounts of pure sugar putting a strain on the appendix leading to diabetes, are not scientifically proven effects of sugar on health.
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QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION 1. Using the health problem analysis framework, illustrate how infant (and specifically neonatal) mortality rates are affected by "better babies or better care." 2. What is the public health "science" underlying the Outcome Oriented Perinatal Surveillance System
Answer:
The neonatal period is the first 28 days of life. It is the period when new born babies are vulnerable to health problems. Considering health problem analysis framework, Infant or neonatal mortality is rampant at this stage of life, as babies(one month or below) have low chances of surviving. Better care or better babies care focus intensive care for neonates, and reducing their mortality rate.
Public health science outcome-orientated perinatal surveillance system can be explained as an objective, understandable, and acceptable basis for establishing monitoring evaluation, and regulatory strategies for hospitals with units for maternity and newborns. It is also the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation and data related to newborn babies in Hospitals, for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice.
Explanation:
Health problems are situations or conditions of people which are considered undesirable. It is measured as death, disease and disability.
Neonatal mortality rates can be influenced by factors like genetics, prenatal care, and maternal health, as well as the quality of healthcare services. The Outcome Oriented Perinatal Surveillance System is a public health strategy that focuses on the results of obstetric and newborn care.
Explanation:Infant and specifically neonatal mortality rates can be impacted by factors such as 'better babies or better care,' in reference to the health problem analysis framework. 'Better babies' implies a focus on genetics, prenatal care, and mothers' health during pregnancy. A decrease in neonatal mortality could signify advances in these areas. 'Better care' refers to improvements in healthcare services, like the quality of delivery procedures, newborn care, and postnatal check-ups.
The Outcome Oriented Perinatal Surveillance System is a public health approach that emphasizes the results or outcomes of obstetric and newborn care. It uses scientific methods drawn from epidemiology to monitor and measure different outcomes, such as neonatal mortality, with the ultimate aim of improving patient care.
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Which drug would be most likely to block pain sensation during a minor medical procedure? Group of answer choices A drug that decreases the permeability of K+ channels at rest. A drug that raises the resting membrane potential of pain sensing neurons. A drug that activates ligand gated sodium channels. A drug that opens Cl- channels at rest. A drug that decreases the threshold of the voltage gated sodium channels on pain sensing neurons.
Answer:
1. A drug that raises the resting membrane potential of pain sensing neurons
2. A drug that opens Cl- channels at rest.
Explanation:
The pain is felt when the sensation of pain is perceived by the brain that is the sensation lies in the neurotransmission of the pain impulse to the brain. The drugs are prepared in a way that interferes with the transmission of the impulse.
The action potential in a neuron is generated when the neuron membrane is depolarised therefore the drug which could block the neuron from depolarization will be most effective.
Also, the drug which could open the chlorine ions will be most effective as the chloride ion influx will cause hyperpolarization which will be difficult to be depolarised.
Thus, the selected options are correct.
What are some of the key aspects of the innovative care delivery design that occurred in Valencia, Spain? (Hint: visit the required readings from this week).
The question is incomplete. The complete question has been attached below.
Answer:
Option (2), (4) and (6).
Explanation:
More than 50% of the European population is affected by the different chronic diseases. The government as well as private sector involved to provide financial help for the diseases person.
The care delivery design is basically made by keeping that the chances of the diseases will increase in the future and can affect the financial condition of the nation. The private financial condition and benefits must be given by the public sectors as well. Some sort of payment must be made and keeping the value of the citizen. The payments might be risk adjusted as well.
Thus, the correct answer is option (2), (4) and (6).
Share details about one area from the iCARE Self-Assessment 1 where you have significant opportunity for improvement during your BSN program. How will you work to improve your own professionalism in this area?
Answer:
By studying the self-assessment of iCARE, I can surely agree with others on the need to improve my self-care and well-being.
The paradox of nursing would be to provide for everyone to the best of our knowledge, however most nurses can say to the best of our knowledge that we don't care about ourselves.
The cardiovascular facility which I work is very challenging; there are many CMET emergencies (heart medical emergency team) as well as codes, CITs (campus police).
The client frequency is very significant, it can also be over whelming.
The times you're caught up and feel like you have some downtime to take a break; there might be occasions when a coworker struggles in a situation where their patient has become unsafe or drowns in their assignment and you feel the need to step in and support, particularly when they're a younger nurse.
In the work world, it's a struggle to take care of yourself. I just believe it's important to look at each other in the workplace and check in and see if someone has a bad day and just need some help.
One area from iCARE Self-Assessment 1 where I can significantly improve is reflective practice. By journaling, participating in peer reviews, practicing mindfulness, and continuing education, I will enhance my professionalism and clinical judgment.
Reflective practice involves consistently analyzing and thinking about one's own experiences to improve future actions.
To improve my professionalism in this area, I plan to employ the following strategies:
Journaling: I will maintain a journal where I record my daily clinical experiences, including what I did well and areas where I can improve.Peer Review: I will participate in regular peer review sessions to receive constructive feedback from my classmates and coworkers.Meditation and Mindfulness: Practicing mindfulness will help me be more aware of my emotional responses and how they influence my interactions with patients and colleagues.Continuing Education: Attending workshops and seminars focused on reflective practice and emotional intelligence to stay updated on the best practices in the field.Incorporating these strategies will better equip me to handle challenging situations, improve my clinical judgment, and foster a collaborative work environment.
What is the probability of a stroke over the next 10 years for Art Speen, a 69-year-old smoker who has a systolic blood pressure of 176? If required, round your answer to two decimal places. Do not round intermediate calculations.
Answer:
Explanation:
Age =69
Systolic blood pressure =176
Smoker =1
Regression Equation
Risk = -109.6 + 1.313 *69 + 0.2770*176 + 4.25 *1=29.36
The predicted probability of stroke is 29 (times 100).
The 10-year stroke risk for Art Spen, a 69-year-old smoker with a systolic blood pressure of 176, is approximately 15.6%. This was calculated using the Framingham Stroke Risk Score, a commonly used measure for assessing the risk of stroke.
The Framingham Stroke Risk Score takes into account a number of risk factors, including blood pressure, smoking status, diabetes status, and a history of cardiovascular disease. Art Spen's risk factors include his age, smoking status, and high blood pressure.
It is important to note that the Framingham Stroke Risk Score is just an estimate of a person's risk of stroke. The actual risk may be higher or lower depending on other factors that were not included in the score, such as family history of stroke, cholesterol levels, and physical activity level.
Art Spen can take steps to reduce his risk of stroke by quitting smoking, lowering his blood pressure, and eating a healthy diet. He should also talk to his doctor about other ways to reduce his risk, such as taking medication or getting regular exercise.
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Pair up with someone whose birthday you do not know. Find out their birthday using binary search, asking whether their birthday is earlier or later in the year than each of your guesses. How many guesses might be required to guarantee you find out their birthday
Answer:
the best you can do is ask something that splits the search space — the potential birthdays, in this case — in half.
Explanation:
For this case, you’ll need to split the 365 days in a year in half 9 times to isolate a single day. 365 –> 183 (1) –> 92 (2) –> 41 (3) –> 21 (4) –> 11 (5) –> 6 (6) –> 3 (7) –> 2 (8) –> 1 (9). The easy way to figure this out is to realize that 512, or 29, is the smallest power of 2 greater than 365.
Usually, when people find out that I work with computers, they ask me to fix theirs. They don’t really care about what I actually do; to the average person, programming is opaque. But now I see another avenue for our skills: parlor tricks.
– I’ll guess your birthday with just 9 yes-or-no questions! (binary search)
– I’ll name a number in 2 seconds bigger than anything you can name in 10! (Busy Beaver or any other non-computable function)
– Draw any map you want, however complicated, and give me just four (different) colored crayons. No matter what the map looks like, I’ll fill it in so that no adjacent countries have the same color! (four-color theorem)
– Here’s an easy problem: I’ll give you ten numbers, and I’ll guarantee that some of them, when added together, sum to 100,000. But I’ll bet you can’t figure out which ones in 5 minutes. Only ten numbers in all! (subset sum is NP-Complete)
– You give me a bunch of cities and highways between the cities. I’ll immediately tell you whether it’s possible to start at one city, drive on every highway between every city exactly once, and end up back at the original city! (Eulerian cycle)
– Any others?
Binary search can help determine a person's birthday efficiently within a logarithmic number of guesses. This method guarantees accuracy using a systematic approach based on adjusting guesses. The concept relates to the efficiency of cryptographic attacks based on probabilities.
Binary search is a search algorithm that finds the position of a target value within a sorted array. To use binary search to find a person's birthday, you can start by guessing the middle of the year and then adjust your guess based on whether the birthday is earlier or later in the year, repeating this process until you pinpoint the exact birthday.
Using binary search guarantees that you will find the person's birthday within a logarithmic number of guesses, specifically log₂(n), where 'n' is the number of possible birthdays in a year. Since there are 365 possible days in a year, using binary search can guarantee finding a birthday in at most ⌈log₂(365)⌉ = 9 guesses.
Birthday attack refers to a cryptographic attack exploiting probabilities. In this context, binary search efficiently reduces the number of guesses needed to find a birthday by following a systematic approach.
How did the Pima regain their water rights? What has this accomplishment meant to the Pima? Why does Dr. Don Warne think that it might help the Pima become healthier?
In the text "Bad Sugar," we learn that the Pima are a tribe of Native Americans who have extremely high levels of diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes among them is as high as 50%. They refer to this as "bad sugar."
Dr. Don Wayne argues that part of the reason for this is the stress and the poverty that results from their social situation. Stress can cause chemicals such as cortisol, epinephrine and adrenaline, which cause sugar to rise and lead to a built up of glucose. It can also be linked to the food that they receive from the government. However, in recent years, the Pima have been able to regain some control over their land, particularly over the water of the Gila river thanks to the Arizona Water Settlements Act of 2004. This accomplishment has allowed the Pima to have more availability of resources, more successful agriculture and a stronger sense of community. All of these factors might help the Pima improve their health, and more importantly, prevent new cases of diabetes.
The Pima or Akimel O'odham (river people) and Maricopa people regained their water rights when the Arizona water settlement act was passed by Congress, in 2004.
The Act helped the Pima people to gain access to more water rights.
Dr. Warne also highlighted the improvement in cases of type II diabetes.
The problem originated mainly in 1935 when the Pima people were not given primary access to water over the non-tribal communities by the court in Tucson.
As a primary care physician of the Pima Indian population, Dr. Donald Warne was concerned about the rising cases of diabetes in the population of Pima people.
Dr. Warne was concerned about the type II diabetes risk associated with this population, which results when blood sugar levels rise and lead to several medical disorders. The re-gain of water right by the Gila River population helped in -
Controlling the rising epidemic and chronic health disorders. It has also aided in the cultural and economic boons in the agricultural industry. This provided access to 653,000 acre-foot water to Gila River tribal community. Also, to build a new irrigation system, the Gila River Indian Community received more than $850 million of federal funds.Other medical professionals were also concerned about the exponential rise in the rate of diseases due to malnutrition and less access to water.
In conclusion, regain of the water rights in 2004 due to the Arizona water settlement act helped improve the health conditions of the Pima people and the Gila River tribal community.
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