A 79.7 kg base runner begins his slide into second base while moving at a speed of 4.77 m/s. The coefficient of friction between his clothes and Earth is 0.635. He slides so that his speed is zero just as he reaches the base. The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s 2 . What is the magnitude of the mechanical energy lost due to friction acting on the runner? Answer in units of J.

Answer:

a) 8.83*10⁵ m/s  b) 2.80*10⁶ m/s

Explanation:

a) Assuming no other forces acting on the proton, the acceleration on it is produced by the electric field.

By definition, the  force due to the electric field is as follows:

F = q*E = e*E (1)

where e is the elementary charge, the charge carried by only one proton, and is e = 1.6*10⁻¹⁹ C.

According to Newton's 2nd law, this force is at the same time, the product of the mass of the proton, times the acceleration a:

F = mp*a (2)

From (1) and(2), being left sides equal, right sides must be equal too:

[tex]F = e*E = mp*a[/tex]

Solving for a:

[tex]a = \frac{e*E}{mp} =\frac{1.6e-19C*1.36e5N/C}{1.67e-27kg} =1.3e13 m/s2[/tex]

⇒ a = 1.3*10¹³ m/s²

As we have the value of a (which is constant due to the field is uniform), the displacement x, and we know that the initial velocity is 0, in order to get the value of the speed, we can use the following kinematic equation:

[tex]vf^{2} -vo^{2} = 2*a*x[/tex]

Replacing by v₀ = 0, a= 1.3*10¹³ m/s² and  x = 0.03 m, we can find vf as follows:

[tex]vf =\sqrt{2*(1.3e13 m/s2)*0.03m} = 8.83e5 m/s[/tex]

⇒ vf = 8.83*10⁵ m/s

b) We can just repeat the equation from above, replacing x=0.03 m by x=0.3 m, as follows:

[tex]vf =\sqrt{2*(1.3e13 m/s2)*0.3m} = 2.80e6 m/s[/tex]

⇒ vf = 2.80*10⁶ m/s

To find the speed of the proton after traveling a certain distance in a uniform electric field, we can use the equations of motion and the equation for force. By plugging in the known values and solving for acceleration, we can then use the equation for speed to find the desired velocity.

To find the speed of the proton, we can use the equation:

F = ma

where F is the force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration.

The force on the proton is given by:

F = qE

where q is the charge of the proton and E is the electric field strength.

Plugging in the values, we get:

qE = ma

Solving for acceleration, we have:

a = qE/m

For the first part of the question, with a distance of 3.00 cm, we can use the equation:

v^2 = u^2 + 2as

where v is the final velocity, u is the initial velocity (which is 0), a is the acceleration, and s is the distance.

Plugging in the known values, we have:

v^2 = 0 + 2 * (qE/m) * s

Simplifying:

v = sqrt(2 * (qE/m) * s)

For the second part of the question, with a distance of 30.0 cm, we can use the same equation:

v^2 = u^2 + 2as

Plugging in the known values:

v^2 = 0 + 2 * (qE/m) * s

Simplifying:

v = sqrt(2 * (qE/m) * s)

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Answer:

The beat frequency is 2 Hz.

Explanation:

Given that,

Frequency of A = 440 Hz

Frequency of E = 659 Hz

Suppose, piano tuners tune pianos by listening to the beats between the harmonics of two different strings. When properly tuned, the note A should have a frequency of 440 Hz and the note E should be at 659 Hz.

We need to calculate the third harmonic of A

Using formula of harmonic

[tex]f_{3}=n\times f[/tex]

Put the value into the formula

[tex]f_{3} =3\times440[/tex]

[tex]f_{3}=1320\ Hz[/tex]

We need to calculate the second harmonic of E

Using formula of harmonic

[tex]f_{2}=n\times f[/tex]

Put the value into the formula

[tex]f_{2} =2\times659[/tex]

[tex]f_{2}=1318\ Hz[/tex]

We need to calculate the beat frequency

Using formula of beat frequency

[tex]f_{b}=f_{3}-f_{2}[/tex]

Put the value into the formula

[tex]f_{b}=1320-1318[/tex]

[tex]f_{b}=2\ Hz[/tex]

Hence, The beat frequency is 2 Hz.

The beat frequency indicating proper tuning of the E string relative to the A string tuned to 440 Hz should be zero. This corresponds to a situation where the harmonics of both strings match exactly, with the second harmonic of the E string (659.26 Hz) aligning with the third harmonic of the A string (660 Hz), reducing the beat frequency to zero.

To determine the beat frequency that indicates proper tuning for the E string of a guitar, we must consider the fundamental frequencies of the A and E strings. The A string is tuned to 440 Hz. The E string above it should be tuned to a fundamental frequency of 329.63 Hz.

When the A and E strings are played together, harmonics of these frequencies are heard. The second harmonic of the E string would be 2 * 329.63 Hz = 659.26 Hz. This is very close to the 660 Hz, which is the third harmonic of the A string (3 * 440 Hz = 1320 Hz). For the strings to resonate without beats, the harmonics should match as closely as possible. Any difference in these harmonic frequencies would cause beats corresponding to the frequency difference.

Therefore, if the second harmonic of the E string (659.26 Hz) matches the third harmonic of the A string (660 Hz) closely, there will be no beats. In this ideal case, the beat frequency would be 660 Hz - 659.26 Hz = 0.74 Hz. However, for the E string to be perfectly in tune, we would want the beat frequency to be zero, indicating no difference between the expected harmonic frequency and the actual harmonic frequency.

Answer:

(a). D(t) = (√2gh)t - 1/2gt²

(b). D(t) = tk [(√2gh) + g(tk - 2t) / 2]

Explanation:

we would be using the equation of motion to determine the distance D

from the question;

H-boris = h₀ + V₀ (t - tk) - 1/2g(t -tk)²

H-arabella = h₀ + V₀t - 1/2gt²

(a). the vertical displacement is given;

D(t) = H-arabella - H-boris

D(t) = h₀ + V₀t -1/2gt₂ - (h₀ + V₀(t-tk) -1/2g(t-tk)₂)

D(t) = h₀ + V₀t - 1/2gt₂ - h₀ where 0 ∠ t ∠ tk

this gives D(t) = V₀t -1/2gt²

where V₀ = √2gh

∴ D(t) = (√2gh)t - 1/2gt²

(b). We already know vertical displacement as;

D(t) = H-arabella - H-boris

D(t) = h₀ + V₀t -1/2gt₂ - (h₀ + V₀(t-tk) -1/2g(t-tk)₂)

= V₀tk - 1/2gt² + 1/2g(t -tk)²

  = V₀tk + 1/2gtk² - gttk

  = √2gh tk + 1/2gt² - gttk

this gives D(t) = tk [(√2gh) + g(tk - 2t) / 2]

cheers i hope this helps.

Answer:

The net work produced is 30.37 KJ

The efficiency of cycle is 72.3%

Explanation:

For the net work produced, we have the formula:

Work = (Th - Tc)(Sh - Sc)(M)

Where,

Th = higher temperature = 800° C + 273 = 1073 k

Tc = lower temperature = 25° C + 273 = 298 k

Sh = specific entropy at higher temperature

Sc = specific entropy at lower temperature

M = molar mass of air

Using, ideal gas table to find entropy. The table is attached.

therefore,

Work = (1073 k - 298 k)(3.0485235 KJ/kg.k - 1.69528 KJ/kg.k)(0.02896 kg)

Work = (775 k)(1.3532435 KJ/kg.k)(0.02896 kg)

Work = 30.37 KJ

Now, for the efficiency (n), we have a formula:

n = 1 - Tc/Th

n = 1 - (298 k)/(1073 k)

n = 0.723 = 72.3 %

Answer:

Power of the string wave will be equal to 5.464 watt

Explanation:

We have given mass per unit length is 0.050 kg/m

Tension in the string T = 60 N

Amplitude of the wave A = 5 cm = 0.05 m

Frequency f = 8 Hz

So angular frequency [tex]\omega =2\pi f=2\times 3.14\times 8=50.24rad/sec[/tex]

Velocity of the string wave is equal to [tex]v=\sqrt{\frac{T}{\mu }}=\sqrt{\frac{60}{0.050}}=34.641m/sec[/tex]

Power of wave propagation is equal to [tex]P=\frac{1}{2}\mu \omega ^2vA^2=\frac{1}{2}\times 0.050\times 50.24^2\times 34.641\times 0.05^2=5.464watt[/tex]

So power of the wave will be equal to 5.464 watt

Answer:

The rate at which radar must rotate is 0.335 rad/s.

Explanation:

Given that,

Velocity = 65 m/h = 29.0576 m/s

Angle = 15°

Suppose, the radius given by

[tex]r=(100\cos2\theta)\ m[/tex]

We need to calculate the rate at which radar must rotate

Using formula of linear velocity

[tex]v=r\omega[/tex]

[tex]\omega=\dfrac{v}{r}[/tex]

Where, v = velocity

r = radius

Put the value into the formula

[tex]\omega=\dfrac{29.0576}{100\cos30}[/tex]

[tex]\omega=0.335\ rad/s[/tex]

Hence, The rate at which radar must rotate is 0.335 rad/s.

To solve this problem we will apply the principle of conservation of energy and the definition of kinematic energy as half the product between mass and squared velocity. So,

[tex]KE_i = KE_f[/tex]

[tex]KE_f = \frac{1}{2} mv^2[/tex]

Here,

m = Mass

V = Velocity

Replacing,

[tex]KE_f = \frac{1}{2} (12000)(11)^2[/tex]

[tex]KE_f = 72600J[/tex]

Therefore the  final kinetic energy of the two car system is 72.6kJ

The final kinetic energy of two car system is 72,600 Joules.

To understand more, check below explanation.

The energy is neither be created nor be destroyed only transfer from one form to another form.

So that,

      Initial kinetic energy = Final kinetic energy

It is given that, mass,m = 1200kg , speed, v = 11m/s.

As we know that,

        Kinetic energy[tex]=\frac{1}{2}*m*v^{2}[/tex]

Substute above values in above formula.

        [tex]K.E=\frac{1}{2}*1200*(11)^{2} \\\\K.E=600*121=72,600J[/tex]    

Hence, the final kinetic energy of two car system is 72,600 Joules.

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To find the distance from the line where the electric field strength is 2000 N/C, we can use the formula for the electric field of an infinitely long charged wire. The distance from the line where the electric field strength is 2000N/C is d = lambda / 2 x 10^6 m.

To find the distance from the line where the electric field strength is 2000 N/C, we can use the formula for the electric field of an infinitely long charged wire:

E = k * (lambda / d)

Where E is the electric field strength, k is the Coulomb's constant, lambda is the charge density of the wire, and d is the distance from the wire. In this case, since the line of charge is infinite, the charge density is simply the charge per unit length.

To solve for the distance d, we can rearrange the formula: d = k * (lambda / E)

Plugging in the given values, the distance d is:

d = (9.0 x 10^9 Nm^2/C^2) * (lambda / 2000 N/C)

So, the distance from the line where the electric field strength is 2000 N/C is d = lambda / 2 x 10^6 m.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Point charge is Placed at the center of a spherical Gaussian surface and according to Gauss law electric flux through Gaussian surface is given by [tex]\frac{1}{\epsilon _0}[/tex] times the charge enclosed

where [tex]\epsilon _0=[/tex]permittivity of free space

So unless we take charge outside of the surface flux will not change for the Gaussian surface

So Statement A,B,C and E are false

Option D is correct because we take the charge outside of the Gaussian surface                    

The electric flux depends on the charge enclosed by the Gaussian surface and the location of the charges. If the volume of the surface changes, but the charge remains inside, the flux remains the same. If the charge is moved off-center or outside the surface, or if a second charge is added outside the surface, the flux will change.

The electric flux depends on the charge enclosed by the Gaussian surface. So, if the sphere is replaced by a cube of the same volume with the charge at the center, the electric flux will not change. However, if the cube is one-tenth the volume of the original sphere, the electric flux will decrease by a factor of 10, since the charge is still at the center.

If the point charge is moved off center, but still inside the original sphere, the electric flux will not change, as long as the charge remains enclosed by the Gaussian surface.

If the point charge is moved to just outside the sphere, the electric flux will increase, as some electric field lines are now passing through the Gaussian surface.

If a second point charge is placed just outside the sphere, the electric flux through the Gaussian surface will increase even more, as the electric field lines from both charges are now passing through the surface.

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Answer:

T = 295.57 s

Explanation:

given,

mass of the rocket = 200 Kg

mass of the fuel = 100 Kg

acceleration = 35 m/s²

time, t = 35 s

time taken by the rocket to hit the ground, = ?

Final speed of the rocket when fuel is empty

using equation of motion

v = u + a t

v = 0 + 35 x 35

v = 1225 m/s

height of the rocket where fuel is empty

v² = u² + 2 a s

1225² = 0 + 2 x 35 x h₁

h₁ = 21437.5 m

After 35 s the rocket will be moving upward till the final velocity becomes zero.

Now, using equation of motion to find the height after 35 s

v² = u² + 2 g h₂

0² = 1225² + 2 x (-9.8) h₂

h₂ = 76562.5 m

total height = h₁ + h₂

          = 76562.5 m + 21437.5 m = 98000 m

now, time taken by before the rocket hit the ground

using equation of motion

[tex]s = u t +\dfrac{1}{2}at^2[/tex]

[tex]-13500 = 1225 t -\dfrac{1}{2}\times 9.8 \times t^2[/tex]

negative sign is used because the distance travel by the rocket is downward.

4.9 t² - 1225 t - 13500 = 0

[tex]t = \dfrac{-(-1225)\pm \sqrt{1225^2 - 4\times 4.9 \times (-13500)}}{2\times 4.9}[/tex]

t = 260.57 s

neglecting the negative sign

total time the rocket was in air

T = t₁ + t₂

T = 35 + 260.57

T = 295.57 s

Time for which rocket was in air is equal to 295.57 s.

Final answer:

The distance from the train station where the car catches up with the train is 250 miles.

Explanation:

To find the distance from the train station where the car catches up with the train, we need to determine the time it takes for the car to catch up.

Let's assume the car catches up with the train after t hours. Since the train leaves 2 hours before the car, the train has already been traveling for t + 2 hours.

Distance traveled by the train = speed of the train × time = 50t + 100 miles

Distance traveled by the car = speed of the car × time = 70t miles

Since the car catches up with the train, the distances traveled by both must be equal. Equating the distances, we get:

50t + 100 = 70t

20t = 100

t = 5

Now, substitute the value of t back into one of the distance formulas to find the distance from the train station:

Distance from the train station = speed of the train × time = 50 × 5 = 250 miles

Final answer:

The car catches up with the train in 5 hours, and they are 350 miles from the station when the car catches up.

Explanation:

The problem you presented is related to finding when two objects, moving at different constant speeds, meet. To solve this, we use the concept of relative speed.

The train travels for 2 hours before the car starts, so by that time, the train would have covered a distance of (50 mi/hr × 2 hr) = 100 miles. When the car starts, it has to cover not only the distance to the train but also the additional distance the train covers as the car approaches.

Let's consider the time it takes for the car to catch up with the train to be 't' hours. In that time, the car would travel 70t miles, and the train would travel an additional 50t miles.

Since the car needs to cover the initial 100 miles plus whatever distance the train covers in 't' hours, we can set up the equation:

70t = 100 + 50t

Subtracting 50t from both sides gives us:

20t = 100

Dividing both sides by 20:

t = 5

So, the car catches up with the train in 5 hours. To find out how far from the station they are when the car catches up with the train:

x = 70 mi/hr × 5 hr = 350 miles

Answer:

0.43 s

Explanation:

We have the following parameters:

Initial velocity, u = 7.4 m/s

Acceleration of gravity, g = 9.8 [tex]m/s^2[/tex]

Distance, s = 43 in + 10 ft = 1.092 m + 3.048 m = 4.14 m

Time, t = ?

Using the equation of motion [tex]s=ut +\frac{1}{2}gt^2[/tex], we have

[tex]4.14 = 7.4t + 0.5\times9.8t^2[/tex]

[tex]4.9t^2 + 7.4t - 4.14 =0[/tex]

Using the quadratic formula [tex]\dfrac{-b\pm\sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}[/tex] where a = 4.9, b = 7.4 and c = - 4.14, and solving for the positive value of t only, we have

[tex]t = 0.43[/tex] s

Answer:

The change of the bar's length is [tex] 3.9\times10^{-4} m[/tex]

Explanation:

The bar length is a function of temperature T above room temperature:

[tex] L(T)=1.0000+2.4\times10^{-5} T[/tex]

So, if we evaluate at T= 16.1 C above room temperature

[tex]L(16.1)=1.0000+2.4\times10^{-5} (16.1)[/tex]

[tex]L=1.00039 m [/tex]

Now we can find the change of the bar length with the difference of L and Lo (the length at room temperature)

[tex]L- L_0=1.00039-1.0000 = 3.9\times10^{-4} m[/tex]

Answer:

[tex] v_f = 13m/s + 0.75 \frac{m}{s^2} * 16 s= 13 m/s +12m/s = 25 m/s[/tex]

Explanation:

For this case we know that the initial velocity is given by:

[tex] v_i = 7 \frac{m}{s}[/tex]

The final velocity on this case is given by:

[tex] v_f = 13 \frac{m}{s}[/tex]

And we know that it takes 8 seconds to go from 7m/s to 13m/s. We can use the following kinematic formula in order to find the acceleration during the first interval:

[tex] v_f = v_i +at[/tex]

If we solve for the acceleration we got:

[tex] a = \frac{v_f -v_i}{t} = \frac{13 m/s -7 m/s}{8 s}= 0.75 \frac{m}{s^2}[/tex]

So for the other traject we assume that the acceleration is constant and the train travels for 16 s. The initial velocity on this case would be 13m/s from the first interval and we can find the final velocity with the following formula:

[tex] v_f = v_ i +a t[/tex]

And if we replace we got:

[tex] v_f = 13m/s + 0.75 \frac{m}{s^2} * 16 s= 13 m/s +12m/s = 25 m/s[/tex]

Answer:

12J

Explanation:

Kinetic Energy before collision = 1/2mv1^2 = 1/2×2×4^2 = 16J

Velocity after collision (v2) = m1v1/m1+m2 = 2×4/2+2 = 8/4 = 2m/s

Kinetic Energy after collision = 1/2mv2^2 = 1/2×2×2^2 = 4J

Kinetic Energy lost = 16J - 4J = 12J

Answer:

Lost in kinetic energy = 12 J

Explanation:

From the law of conservation of momentum,

Total momentum before collision = Total momentum after collision

mu+m'u' = V(m+m')..................................... Equation 1

Where m = mass of first body, u = initial of the first body, m' = mass of the second body, u' = initial velocity of the second body, V = common velocity.

Making V the subject of the equation,

V = mu+m'u'/(m+m')........................... Equation 2

Where m = 2.0 kg, m' = 2.0 kg, u = 4.0 m/s, u' = 0 m/s ( stationary).

Substitute into equation 2

V = (2×4 + 2×0)/(2+2)

V = 8/4

V = 2 m/s.

Total kinetic energy before collision = 1/2mu² = 1/2(2)(2)² = 16 J.

Total Kinetic energy after collision = 1/2V²(m+m') = 1/2(2²)(4) = 4 J.

Thus

Lost in kinetic energy = 16 - 4

Lost in kinetic energy = 12 J

The aqueous solution with the highest concentration of particles will have the lowest freezing point.

The freezing point of a solution is determined by the concentration of solute particles in the solution. The greater the concentration of particles, the lower the freezing point. In this case, the aqueous solution with the lowest freezing point will have the highest concentration of particles.

Out of the options given, the aqueous solution with the highest concentration of particles is 0.60 m aqueous sucrose. Therefore, aqueous sucrose (0.60 m) will have the lowest freezing point.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Single turn implies that N=1

The rectangle is 6cm (0.06m) wide and 10 cm (0.1m) long.

Current in loop is 3A

Magnetic Field B= 4×10^-3T

To take the maximum torque then, sinθ=1

Then

τ=NiABsinθ

Where N is number of turns, and in this case N is 1

i is current in coil and it this case it is 3Amps.

A is area of of coil

And in this case it is a rectangle

Area of rectangle is Lenght × breadth

A= 0.06×0.1= 0.006m^2

And B is magnetic field given as B=4×10^-3T

And θ is angle between the field and the normal to the coil.

a. Torque parallel to the short side of the loop,

The length of the short side is 6cm=0.06m.

This is actually the maximum possible torque, when the field is in the plane of the loop.

τ=NiABsinθ

τ=1×3×0.006×4×10^-3

τ=0.072 ×10^-3

τ=7.2 ×10^-5Nm

b. Torque parallel to the long side of the loop,

The length of the short side is 10cm=0.1m.

This is actually the maximum possible torque, when the field is in the plane of the loop.

τ=NiABsinθ

τ=3×0.006×4×10^-3

τ=0.072 ×10^-3

τ=7.2 ×10^-5Nm.

c. Torque perpendicular to the plane. When the field is perpendicular to the loop the torque is zero.

If the torque is perpendicular to the plane, we said theta is the angle between the normal and the magnetic field

Then if the torque is perpendicular to the normal, then the angle between the torque and the normal is 0, the sinθ = 0

τ=NiABsinθ

Since sinθ =0

Then,

τ=0Nm

Answer:

all areas of knowledge that wish to understand the physical, chemical and biological process must know electrostatics

Explanation:

Electrostatic interactions, have many rare manifestations in nature, which causes many reasons to study them.

- Lightning is a very striking form of electricity

- The biological processes are governed by currents of inanes and potential differences

- The transfer of nutrients and fertilizers to plants is with ion exchange, electrostatic forces

- all modern electronics is based on electricity

- the electric charge in very dry places, creates high currents that can create fires or kill people

In summary all areas of knowledge that wish to understand the physical, chemical and biological process must know electrostatics

A non-physicist might be interested in electrostatic interactions due to their real-world applications, such as photocopiers and air filters, as well as their significance in biological systems.

A non-physicist might be interested in electrostatic interactions for a couple of reasons. First, electrostatic interactions play a significant role in several real-world applications, such as photocopiers, laser printers, ink-jet printers, and electrostatic air filters. Understanding these interactions can help in understanding how these technologies work and how they can be improved. Second, electrostatic interactions are also important in biological systems, where they affect the interactions between molecules. This knowledge is relevant in fields like medicine and biology.

Explanation:

It is known that inside a sphere with uniform volume charge density the field will be radial and has a magnitude E that can be expressed as follows.

           E = [tex]\frac{q}{4 \p \epsilon_{o}R^{3}}r[/tex]

    V = [tex]-\int_{0}^{r}E. dr[/tex]

        = [tex]-\int_{0}^{r}\frac{q}{4 \p \epsilon_{o}R^{3}}r dr[/tex]

        = [tex](\frac{q}{4 \p \epsilon_{o}R^{3}})(\frac{r^{2}}{2})[/tex]

        = [tex]\frac{-qr^{2}}{8 \pi \epsilon_{o}R^{3}}[/tex]

At r = 1.45 cm = [tex]1.45 \times 10^{-2}[/tex]  (as 1 m = 100 cm)

     V = [tex]\frac{2.50 \times 10^{-15} \times 1.45 \times 10^{-2}}{8 \times 3.1416 \times 8.85 \times 10^{-12} \times 2.36 \times 10^{-2}}[/tex]

         = [tex]6.905 \times 10^{-6}[/tex] mV

Thus, we can conclude that value of V at radial distance r = 1.45 cm is  [tex]6.905 \times 10^{-6}[/tex] mV.

Answer:

a) [tex]\Delta s=5\ m[/tex] is the distance between deer and the vehicle

b) [tex]u'=22.36\ m.s^{-1}[/tex] is the maximum speed the driver can be at and still not hit the deer.

Explanation:

Given:

a)

Now the distance travelled after application of the brakes till the vehicle stops:

[tex]v^2=u^2+2a_m.s[/tex]

(assuming that the brakes are applied with maximum acceleration)

where:

[tex]s=[/tex] displacement of the vehicle after braking till it stops

[tex]v=[/tex] final velocity of the vehicle = 0 (stops)

putting the values:

[tex]0^2=20^2-2\times 10\times s[/tex]

[tex]s=20\ m[/tex]

Now before the application of the brakes 0.5 second is taken to react and the vehicle travels during this time as well.

So, distance covered before applying the brakes:

[tex]s'=u.t'[/tex]

[tex]s'=20\times 0.5[/tex]

[tex]s'=10\ m[/tex]

The distance between the deer and the vehicle:

[tex]\Delta s=x-(s+s')[/tex]

[tex]\Delta s=35-(20+10)[/tex]

[tex]\Delta s=5\ m[/tex]

b)

The maximum speed the driver can have with the vehicle and still not hit the deer is given as:

[tex]v^2=u'^2+2. a_m.(x-s')[/tex]

because s' is the distance covered before braking during the reaction time.

[tex]0^2=u'^2-2\times 10\times (35-10)[/tex]

[tex]u'=22.36\ m.s^{-1}[/tex] is the maximum speed the driver can be at and still not hit the deer.

Using the equations of motion under constant acceleration, a) the distance between the driver and the deer when the car comes to a stop is 5 m and b) the maximum speed the driver could have and still not hit the deer is approximately 23.45 m/s.

The subject of the question, Problem-Solving Strategy 2.1 Motion with constant acceleration, involves using the equations of motion under constant acceleration. Let's break down the problem into two parts:

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Incomplete question as we have not told to find any quantity so I have chosen  some quantities to find.So complete question is here

A 2.00-kg object is attached to a spring and placed on a frictionless, horizontal surface. A horizontal force of 20.0 N is required to hold the object at rest when it is pulled 0.200 m from its equilibrium position (the origin of the x axis). The object is now released from rest from this stretched position, and it subsequently undergoes simple harmonic oscillations.

Find (a) the force constant of the spring

 (b) the frequency of the oscillations

 (c) the maximum speed of the object.

Answer:

(a) [tex]k=100N/m[/tex]

(b) [tex]f=1.126Hz[/tex]

(c) [tex]v_{max}=1.41m/s[/tex]

Explanation:

Given data

Mass of object m=2.00 kg

Horizontal Force F=20.0 N

Distance of the object from equilibrium A=0.2 m

To find

(a) Force constant of the spring k

(b) Frequency F of the oscillations

(c) The Maximum Speed V of the object

Solution

For (a) force constant of the spring k

From Hooke's Law we know that:

[tex]F=kx\\k=F/x\\where\\x=A(amplitude)\\So\\k=F/A\\k=(20N/0.2000m)\\k=100N/m[/tex]

For (b) frequency F of the oscillations

The frequency of the motion for an object in simple harmonic motion is expressed as:

[tex]f=\frac{1}{2\pi } \sqrt{\frac{k}{m} }\\ f=\frac{1}{2\pi } \sqrt{\frac{100N/m}{2.0kg} }\\f=1.126Hz[/tex]

For (c) maximum speed V of the object

For an object in simple harmonic motion the maximum values of the magnitude velocity is given as:

[tex]v_{max}=wA\\ where\\w=\sqrt{\frac{k}{m} }\\ so\\v_{max}=\sqrt{\frac{k}{m} }A\\v_{max}=\sqrt{\frac{100N/m}{2.0kg} }(0.200m)\\v_{max}=1.41m/s[/tex]

Answer:

a. 1.174 rad[/tex] or 67.3 degree

b. t = 49.28 s

Explanation:

Let [tex]v_v[/tex] be the vertical component of the boat velocity with respect the the river, pointing North. Let [tex]v_h[/tex] be the horizontal component of the boat velocity with respect to the river, pointing West, aka upstream. Since the total velocity of the boat is 4.4m/s

[tex]v_v^2 + v_h^2 = 4.4^2 = 19.36[/tex]

The time it takes for the boat to cross 200m-wide river at [tex]v_v[/tex] rate is

[tex]t = 200 / v_v[/tex] or [tex]v_v = 200 / t[/tex]

This is also the time it takes for the boat to travel 35m upstream, horizontally, at the rate of [tex] v_h - 0.99[/tex] m/s

[tex]t = \frac{35}{v_h - 0.99}[/tex]

[tex]v_h - 0.99 = 35/t[/tex]

[tex]v_h = 35/t + 0.99[/tex]

We can substitute [tex]v_v,v_h[/tex] into the total velocity equation to solve for t

[tex]\frac{200^2}{t^2} + (\frac{35}{t} + 0.99)^2 = 19.36[/tex]

[tex]\frac{40000}{t^2} + \frac{35^2}{t^2} + 2*0.99*\frac{35}{t} + 0.99^2 = 19.36[/tex]

From here we can multiply both sides by [tex]t^2[/tex]

[tex]40000 + 1225 + 69.3t + 0.9801t^2 = 19.36t^2[/tex]

[tex]18.38 t^2 - 69.3t - 41225 = 0[/tex]

[tex]t= \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}[/tex]

[tex]t= \frac{69.3\pm \sqrt{(-69.3)^2 - 4*(18.3799)*(-41225)}}{2*(18.38)}[/tex]

[tex]t= \frac{69.3\pm1742.31}{36.7598}[/tex]

t = 49.28 or t = -45.51

Since t can only be positive we will pick t = 49.28

[tex]v_h = 35 / t + 0.99 = 35 / 49.38 + 0.99 = 1.7 m/s[/tex]

The angle, relative to the flow of river direction is

[tex]cos(\alpha) = \frac{v_h}{v} = \frac{1.7}{4.4} = 0.3864[/tex]

[tex]\alpha = cos^{-1}(0.3864) = 1.174 rad[/tex] or 67.3 degree

Answer:

[tex]-70\hat{i} m+19\hat{j}m+21\hat{k} m[/tex]

Explanation:

We are given that

Displacement along x- axis =-[tex]70\hat{i}[/tex] m

Displacement along y-axis=[tex]19\hat{j}[/tex]m

Displacement along z-axis=[tex]21\hat{k} m[/tex]

Where [tex]\hat{i},\hat{j},\hat{k}[/tex] are unit vector along x, y and z-axis

We have to find the displacement from start to end in unit vector notation.

Total displacement from start to end=Displacement along x-axis+displacement along y-axis+displacement along z- axis

Total displacement from start to end=[tex]-70\hat{i} m+19\hat{j}m+21\hat{k} m[/tex]

Hence, the displacement of the sign from start to end=[tex]-70\hat{i} m+19\hat{j}m+21\hat{k} m[/tex]

Answer: 3.35 m/s

Explanation:

This problem is related to the Conservation of Momentum principle, which states the following:

"If two objects or bodies are in a closed system and both collide, the total momentum of these two objects before the collision will be the same as the total momentum of these same two objects after the collision".

Of course, the momentum of each object may change after the collision, however, the total momentum of the system does not change.  In addition, according to this law it is established that the initial momentum [tex]p_{o}[/tex] must be equal to the final momentum [tex]p_{f}[/tex]:

[tex]p_{o}=p_{f}[/tex] (1)

Where:

[tex]p_{o}=m_{1}V_{1}+m_{2}V_{2}[/tex] (2)

[tex]p_{f}=m_{1}U_{1}+m_{2}U_{2}[/tex] (3)

Being:

[tex]m_{1}=282 kg[/tex] the mass of the first car

[tex]V_{1}=3.70 m/s[/tex] the initial velocity of the first car

[tex]m_{2}=155 kg[/tex] the mass of the second car

[tex]V_{2}=-1.38 m/s[/tex] the initial velocity of the second car

[tex]U_{1}=1.10 m/s[/tex] the final velocity of the first car

[tex]U_{2}[/tex] the final velocity of the second car

Substituting (2) and (3) in (1):

[tex]m_{1}V_{1}+m_{2}V_{2}=m_{1}U_{1}+m_{2}U_{2}[/tex] (4)

Isolating [tex]U_{2}[/tex]:

[tex]U_{2}=\frac{m_{1}(V_{1}-U_{1})+m_{2}V_{2}}{m_{2}}[/tex] (5)

Solving:

[tex]U_{2}=\frac{282 kg(3.70 m/s-1.10 m/s)+(155 kg)(-1.38 m/s)}{155 kg}[/tex] (6)

Finally:

[tex]U_{2}=3.35 m/s[/tex]

Answer:

3.35

Explanation:

Answer:

The distinction can be understood by their individual definitions given below.

Explanation:

A meteoroid is a small rocky/metallic body that can be found in outer space (space beyond the Earth's atmosphere). Their sizes are much smaller than asteroids (often called planetoids) and even more smaller than that of any planets or their moons. They generally originate from comets, asteroids (fragments of them) and even from planets or moons when there occurs heavy collisions.

A meteor is basically what we know to be "shooting stars". When a meteoroid, asteroid, etc. passes through the Earth's atmosphere, they heat up and begin to glow because of the frictional force experienced due to gas molecules in the atmosphere. But the important thing is that they do not reach the surface of the Earth as they completely burn out long before coming close. If some object does manage to reach the Earth's surface, we then call it a meteorite.

(These definitions are not restricted to the Earth but applies to all panets and moons.)

(Also check the gif provided here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteoroid)

Answer:

[tex]\theta=119.8138^{\circ}[/tex]

Explanation:

Given:

a)

From the vector addition rule we know:

[tex]R^2={A^2+B^2+2A.B\cos\theta}[/tex]

where

[tex]\theta=[/tex] angle between the two vectors with their tail at common point.

b)

Putting respective values:

[tex]7.6^2=7.1^2+5^2+7.1\times 5\times \cos \theta[/tex]

[tex]\theta=119.8138^{\circ}[/tex]

To add the two vectors, draw them graphically and connect the tip of one vector to the tail of the other. The angle between the original two vectors can be determined using the adjacent and hypotenuse sides of a right triangle.

To add the two vectors, draw the first vector as a line segment with a length of 7.1 units and draw the second vector as a line segment with a length of 5.0 units. Place the tail of the second vector at the tip of the first vector. The sum of the two vectors is the line segment connecting the tail of the first vector to the tip of the second vector. This sum vector should have a length of 7.6 units, as mentioned in the question.

Using the sketch from Part (a), draw a horizontal line from the tail of the first vector to the tip of the second vector. Next, draw a vertical line from the tip of the first vector to the tip of the second vector. Connect the tail of the first vector to the tip of the second vector to form a right triangle. The angle between the original two vectors is the angle opposite to the horizontal line. To determine this angle, we can use the trigonometric inverse function. Let's call the angle 'theta'. We have the adjacent side as 5.0 units and the hypotenuse as 7.6 units. Using the arccosine function (inverse cosine), we can calculate theta using the equation: theta = arccos(5.0/7.6).

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Answer:

(a) [tex]t=\frac{H}{v_0}[/tex]

(b) [tex]H=\frac{v_0^2}{g}[/tex]

Explanation:

Let the two balls collide at a height x from the ground. Therefore, ball 2 travels a distance of (H-x) before colliding with ball 1.

Using the following Newton's law of motion,

[tex]S=ut+\frac{1}{2}at^2[/tex]

where,

[tex]S[/tex] = displacement

[tex]u[/tex] = initial velocity

[tex]a[/tex] = acceleration

[tex]t[/tex] = time

we can write the equations of motion of the two balls(ball 1 and ball 2 respectively):

[tex]x=v_0t-\frac{1}{2}gt^2[/tex]     ......(1)   ([tex]a=-g[/tex], ball is moving against gravity)

[tex]H-x=\frac{1}{2} gt^2[/tex]      .......(2)    (initial velocity is zero; [tex]a=+g[/tex])

Substituting [tex]x[/tex] from equation (1) in (2),

[tex]H-v_0t+\frac{1}{2}gt^2=\frac{1}{2}gt^2[/tex]

or, [tex]t=\frac{H}{v_0}[/tex]      ......(a)

(b) Now, it is said that the collision will occur when ball 1 is at it's highest point. That is, it's final velocity must be zero.

This time we shall have to use another equation of motion given by,

[tex]v^2=u^2+2aS[/tex]

where, [tex]v[/tex] = final velocity

therefore, we get for ball 1,

[tex]0=v_0^2-2gx[/tex]       ([tex]u=v_0,v=0,a=-g[/tex])

or, [tex]x=\frac{v_0^2}{2g}[/tex]

Putting the value of [tex]x[/tex] in equation (2) and rearranging, we get,

[tex]\frac{g}{2v_0^2}H^2-H+\frac{v_0^2}{2g}=0[/tex]

which is a quadratic equation, whose solution is given by,

[tex]H=\frac{+1\pm\sqrt{(-1)^2-(4\times\frac{g}{2v_0^2} \times\frac{v_0^2}{2g}) } }{2\times\frac{g}{2v_0^2} }[/tex]

[tex]=\frac{v_0^2}{g}[/tex]

(a) The time at which the balls collide is H/[tex]v_{0}[/tex]

(b) The height H is equal to [tex]\frac{v_{0} ^{2} }{g}[/tex]

Let the balls collide at a height x above the ground.

Then the distance traveled by the ball thrown above is x.

And the distance traveled by the ball dropped from height H is (H-x).

(i) Both the balls will take the same time to travel respective distances in order to collide.

[tex]H-x=\frac{1}{2}gt^{2}[/tex]

[tex]x = v_{0}t - \frac{1}{2}gt^{2}[/tex]

We get:

[tex]x=v_{0}t-(H-x)[/tex]

[tex]t=\frac{H}{v_{0}}[/tex] , is the time after which the balls collide.

(ii) Let the ball thrown up attains its maximum height x at the time of thecollision

[tex]v^{2} = u^{2}-2gx[/tex] here v is the final velocity which is 0 when the ball attains maximum height

[tex]0=v_{0} ^{2}-2gx[/tex]

[tex]x=\frac{v_{0} ^{2} }{2g}[/tex] is the maximum height attained.

Now, the ball thrown downward travels distance (H-x) just before collision:

[tex]H-x=\frac{1}{2}gt^{2}[/tex]

[tex]H-\frac{v_{0} ^{2} }{2g}=\frac{1}{2}g\frac{H^{2} }{v_{0} ^{2} }[/tex]

Solving the quadratic equation we get:

[tex]H=\frac{v_{0} ^{2} }{g}[/tex]

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Answer:

Distance traveled by projectile in horizontal direction will be 4.95 m  

Explanation:

We have given horizontal velocity of the projectile v = 9 m/sec

We have to find the distance traveled by projectile in 0.550 sec in horizontal direction.

We know that distance is equal to multiplication of speed and time

So distance traveled in horizontal direction will be equal to [tex]d=v\times t=9\times 0.550=4.95m[/tex]

So distance traveled by projectile in horizontal direction will be 4.95 m  

Answer:

4.95 m

Explanation:

Horizontal velocity of projectile, u = 9 m/s

time, t = 0.550 s

The horizontal distance, d = horizontal velocity x time

d = 9 x 0.55

d = 4.95 m

Thus, the horizontal distance traveled is 4.95 m.

Answer

given,

length of tube = 120 cm

a) Open at both ends.

distance between two successive nodes or anti nodes = λ/2

for first possibility =  λ/2 = 120

                          λ  =2 x 120 = 240 cm

for second Possibility, distance between two node or antinode acting symmetrically

                       λ = 120 cm

for three nodes in the tube, distance between them is equal to

[tex]\dfrac{3}{2}\lambda = 120[/tex]

[tex]\lambda = 80 cm[/tex]

b) Open at one end

 First possibility, The distance between one node or anti node

  [tex]\dfrac{\lambda}{4} = 120[/tex]

             λ = 480 cm

 Second Possibility, distance between two node or anti node is equal to

[tex]\dfrac{3}{4}\lambda = 120[/tex]

    λ = 160 cm

Third possibility, distance between three nodes and three anti nodes is equal to

[tex]\dfrac{5}{4}\lambda = 120[/tex]

   λ = 100 cm

Explanation:

A.

Displacement,S; Θ = S/r

= 180/360 * 2π * 3500

= 10995.6 m

Θ = 10995.6/3500

= 3.142

B.

Angular speed,w = Θ/t

= 3.142/1.503102

= 2.09 rad/s

Velocity = w * r

= 2.09 × 3500

= 7315 m/s.

C.

The same as B.

The airplane's Motion in a Circle displacement is 7.0km, its average velocity is 0.0467 km/s, and its average speed is 0.0737 km/s.

The airplane is flying half a circle, which is essentially semi-circular motion. Under this condition, we can calculate the values asked in the question as follows:

(a) Displacement: Displacement is a vector quantity and represents the shortest distance between the initial and the final points of an object's path. But since the airplane is rounding half the circle, the displacement is essentially the diameter of the circular path. The diameter will be two times the radius, therefore 2*3.50km = 7.00 km.

(b) Average velocity: Average velocity is the total displacement divided by the total time. So, the average velocity would be 7.00km / (1.50*10^2) s = 0.0467 km/s.

(c) Average speed: Average speed is defined as the total distance traveled by the object divided by the total time taken. Here, the airplane travels half the circumference of the circle in the given time. The formula for the circumference of a circle is 2*pi*r, so half the circle's circumference will be pi*3.50 km. Then, Average speed = (pi*3.50 km) / (1.50*10^2) s = 0.0737 km/s.

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