The correct options are as follows:
17. C.
Radioactive decay refers to the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by giving out radiations. The radiations emit can be in form of alpha or beta particles or gamma rays. Radioactive decay is a random process, that is, one can not predict when it would happen. Radioactive decay occurs when the nucleus of an atom decay and no longer have enough binding energy to hold the atomic sub particles together.
18. B.
Radioactive decay occurs when the nucleus no longer have enough energy to hold the sub particles in the nucleus together. This situation always occur when there are excess protons or neutrons in the nucleus of the atom. In the nucleus of an atom, two forces are usually at work, nuclear and electrostatic forces. While proton experience both of these forces, neutron only experience the nuclear force. These two forces that are in opposition bring about radioactive decay.
Radioactive decay occurs when the nucleus of an atom decays. The correct answer is
C: when the nucleus decays.Radioactive decay occurs due to the electric force and nuclear forces being in opposition to each other.
B: The electric force and nuclear forces are in opposition to each other. What is Radioactive decayRadioactive decay involves the spontaneous transformation of unstable atomic nuclei into more stable configurations, resulting in the emission of particles or electromagnetic radiation.
Reasons
In an atomic nucleus, protons are positively charged particles, and they experience repulsive electric forces due to their like charges. However, nuclear forces, specifically the strong nuclear force, help hold the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus. When the balance between these forces is disrupted, such as when the nucleus becomes unstable, radioactive decay can occur as the nucleus seeks a more stable configuration.
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Which catalyzed reaction breaks up ozone?
Answer:
B. O₃ + O → CS + 2O₂
Explanation:
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what is the maximum number of moles of h2o that can be produced when 2.0 moles of nh3 are completly reacted. Formula: 4NH3+5O2-->4NO+6H2O
When 2.0 moles of NH₃ are completely reacted according to the balanced chemical equation 4NH₃ + 5O₂ -> 4NO + 6H₂O, 3 moles of H₂O are produced using the mole ratio from the equation.
The question asks about a chemical reaction between ammonia (NH₃) and oxygen (O₂) to produce nitrogen oxide (NO) and water (H₂O). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is 4NH₃(g) + 5O₂(g)
ightarrow 4NO(g) + 6H₂O(l). To find the maximum number of moles of H₂O produced when 2.0 moles of NH₃ are completely reacted, we use the mole ratio from the balanced equation.
According to the balanced equation, 4 moles of NH₃ produce 6 moles of H₂O. Therefore, we set up the following proportion: (6 moles H₂O) / (4 moles NH₃) = x moles H₂O / (2 moles NH₃). By cross-multiplying and solving for x, we find that 3 moles of H₂O will be produced.
Maximum 3 moles of H₂O can be produced from 2.0 moles of NH₃.
To determine the maximum number of moles of H₂O that can be produced when 2.0 moles of NH₃ are completely reacted, we can use the balanced chemical equation provided:
4NH₃ + 5O₂ → 4NO + 6H₂OFrom the balanced equation, we can see that for every 4 moles of NH₃ that react, 6 moles of H₂O are produced.
Therefore, if we have 2.0 moles of NH₃, we can calculate the maximum number of moles of H₂O produced by cross-multiplying and dividing:(2.0 moles NH₃) x (6 moles H₂O / 4 moles NH₃) = 3 moles H₂OTherefore, the maximum number of moles of H₂O that can be produced when 2.0 moles of NH₃ are completely reacted is 3 moles.
#1: Which element has the same number of energy levels as bromine (Br) and the same number of valence electrons as barium (Ba)?
A. potassium (K)
B,. beryllium (Be)
c. cadmium (Cd)
D. calcium (Ca)
Option D: Calcium (Ca)
The atomic number of bromine is 35 thus, the electronic configuration will be:
[tex]Br:[Ar]3d^{10}4s^{2}4p^{5}[/tex]
Here, [Ar] defines electronic configuration of argon noble gas with stable electronic configuration and atomic number 18.
The energy level is defined by principal quantum number, n. Since, the valence electrons in bromine are in 4p thus, energy level will be 4 (principal quantum number).
Now, atomic number of barium is 56 and its electronic configuration is as follows:
[tex]Ba:[Xe]6s^{2}[/tex]
Here, [Xe] defines electronic configuration of xenon noble gas with stable electronic configuration and atomic number 54. The valence electronic shell is [tex]6s^{2}[/tex] thus, number of valence electrons are 2.
A. Potassium (K): Atomic number is 19 thus, electronic configuration will be:
[tex]K:[Ar]4s^{1}[/tex]
Here, [Ar] defines electronic configuration of argon noble gas with stable electronic configuration and atomic number 18.
Now, the energy level is same as that of Br but valence electron is 1 which is not equal to that of Ba.
Thus, this is incorrect option.
B. Beryllium (Be): Atomic number is 4 thus, electronic configuration will be:
[tex]Be:[He]2s^{2}[/tex]
Here, [He] defines electronic configuration of helium noble gas with stable electronic configuration and atomic number 4.
Now, the number of valence electrons are same as that of Ba but the energy level is not same as that of Br.
Thus, this is incorrect option.
C. Cadmium (Cd): Atomic number is 48 thus, electronic configuration will be:
[tex]Cd:[Kr]4d^{10}5s^{2}[/tex]
Here, [Kr] defines electronic configuration of krypton noble gas with stable electronic configuration and atomic number 36.
Now, the number of valence electrons are same as that of Ba but the energy level is not same as that of Br.
Thus, this is incorrect option.
D. Calcium (Ca): Atomic number is 20 thus, electronic configuration will be:
[tex]Ca:[Ar]4s^{2}[/tex]
Here, [Ar] defines electronic configuration of argon noble gas with stable electronic configuration and atomic number 18.
Now, it has energy level same as that of Br and number of valence electron is also same as that of Ba thus, it is correct option.
Therefore, calcium (Ca) is the correct element.
The percent composition of methyl butanoate is 58.8% C, 9.8% H, and 31.4 % O and its molar mass is 102 g/mol. What is its empirical formula? What is its molecular formula?
Help please!
Which of the following is true for compounds?
A.They can consist of no more than two types of elements.
B. They can be created by chemical reactions.
C. They all have the same properties regardless of their elemental composition.
D.They can be separated into their component elements through physical means.
A compound is a substance composed of two or more different atoms chemically bonded to one another, for example, water (H₂O) consists of 2 atoms of hydrogen (H) and 1 atom of oxygen (O), so it is the compound. Water is created by chemical reaction:
2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
Consider three 1 L flasks at STP. Flask A contains NH3 gas, flask B contains NO2 gas, and flask C contains N2 gas. Which contains the largest number of molecules? In which flask are the molecules least polar and therefore most ideal in behavior?
Answer:
highest velocity
Explanation:
flask a
A crystalline material containing 30 grams of barium chloride crystals was placed into an oven at 400 degrees c and heated for two hours. It was then cooled and weighed. the new mass was less than before it was heated, containing 20 grams if barium chloride. How is this possible?
Explanation:
When 30 grams of barium chloride crystals when heated at 400 degree Celsius and again weighed again which comes to be 20 grams. This means that water of crystallization associated with the barium chloride crystal got vaporized when heated at 400 degree Celsius.
Water of crystallization: Water molecules associated to a crystal structure of a compound.
[tex]BaCl_2.2H_2O\overset{400^o C}\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O[/tex]
Hence, the sample of barium chloride crystals was hydrated.
Final answer:
The decrease in mass of barium chloride crystals after heating likely resulted from the loss of water of crystallization or the evaporation of volatile impurities.
Explanation:
The difference in mass of the barium chloride crystals before and after heating indicates that some part of the compound or its adherents has been lost during the heating process. Barium chloride itself is stable at high temperatures, but if it was hydrated barium chloride (BaCl2·xH2O), the heating could cause the water of crystallization to evaporate, which would result in a decrease in the mass.
Another possibility is that there might be impurities or other volatile substances in the crystalline material that could have evaporated or decomposed, resulting in less mass after the heating process.
CHEM
Calculate the molarity (M) ov the following solutions
a. 2.0 moles of glucose in 4.0L of solution
b. 4.0 g of KOH in 2.0 L of solution
c. 5.85 g NaCl in 400. mL of solution ...?
The molarity of the solutions are found by dividing the number of moles of solute by the volume of solution in liters. For glucose, the molarity is 0.5 M; for KOH, it is approximately 0.03565 M; and for NaCl, it is approximately 0.25025 M.
The question asks for the calculation of the molarity of different solutions. Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute divided by the volume of solution in liters.
Calculations:
a. For 2.0 moles of glucose in 4.0L of solution, the molarity (M) is calculated as follows:
M \\= moles of solute / volume of solution in liters
M \\= 2.0 moles / 4.0 L
M \\= 0.5 M
b. For 4.0 g of KOH in 2.0 L of solution, we first need to calculate the number of moles of KOH, which involves finding the molar mass (KOH has a molar mass of approximately 56.11 g/mol):
Moles of KOH \\= mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol)
Moles of KOH \\= 4.0 g / 56.11 g/mol
Moles of KOH \\= ~0.0713 moles
Thus, the molarity of KOH is:
M \\= 0.0713 moles / 2.0 L
M \\= 0.03565 M
c. For 5.85 g of NaCl in 400 mL (or 0.400 L) of solution, firstly convert the mass of NaCl into moles (NaCl has a molar mass of approximately 58.44 g/mol):
Moles of NaCl \\= mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol)
Moles of NaCl \\= 5.85 g / 58.44 g/mol
Moles of NaCl \\= ~0.1001 moles
The molarity of NaCl is:
M \\= 0.1001 moles / 0.400 L
M \\= 0.25025 M
In summary, the molarity of the given solutions are:
0.5 M of glucose
0.03565 M of KOH
0.25025 M of NaCl
Which pair of atomic orbitals has the same energy in a krypton atom?
1s and 2s
2s and 2p
3px and 4px
4pz and 4py
Answer:
4pz and 4py
Explanation:
The electron configuration of Kr is:
[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶
4p has 3 subatomic orbitals: 4px, 4py and 4pz
As there are a total of 6 electrons each of the three 4p orbitals have two electrons with opposite spins. Hence 4py and 4pz have equal energy. Option D is correct.
Option A, 1s and 2s is incorrect, as the energy of the 1st orbital is lower than that of the 2nd orbital.
Option B, 2s and 2p is incorrect, as the energy of the s suborbital is lower than that of the p, even though they both belong to the same orbital.
Option C, 3px and 4px is incorrect, as the energy of the 3rd orbital is lower than that of the 4th orbital.
Ionic compounds are normally in which physical state at room temperature?
a. solid
b. liquid
c, gas
d. plasma
Answer: Option (a) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Ionic compounds have atoms bonded through ionic bonds.
An ionic bond is formed when there is transfer of electrons from one atom to another. Also, ionic compounds have opposite charge on their atoms hence, they are attracted by strong intermolecular forces.
Thus, compound whose atoms are holded by strong intermolecular forces of attraction are solid.
Therefore, we can conclude that ionic compounds are normally in solid physical state at room temperature.
Which equation represents the combined gas law?
Answer:
[tex]\frac{P_1*V_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2*V_2}{T_2}[/tex]
Explanation:
The combined gas law is the combination of three different laws applied to gases:
Gay-Lussac's Law:
[tex]\frac{P_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2}{T_2}[/tex]
Boyle-Mariotte's Law:
[tex]P_1*V_1=P_2*V_2}[/tex]
Charles's Law:
[tex]\frac{V_1}{T_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2}[/tex]
The result of the combination is:
[tex]\frac{P_1*V_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2*V_2}{T_2}[/tex]
Which of the following units of volume would be the best to measure the amount of water in your swimming pool?
Liter,
Milliliter,
Nanometer,
Kilo Liter
The concentration of an aqueous solution of iron(II) chloride is 0.0550 M. What is the molarity of each ion in this solution?
Answer:
[tex][Fe^{2+} ][/tex]=0.0550 M
[tex][Cl^{-} ][/tex]=0.110 M
Explanation:
Its all due to stoichiometry: the compound is [tex]FeCl_{2}[/tex], thus upon ionizationm there will be two chloride anions for each iron cation:
[tex]FeCl_{2} \rightarrow[Fe^{2+} ]+2[Cl^{-} ][/tex]
Which statement is true about a polyatomic ion?
Polyatomic ions contains more than two atoms with a net charge upon it. They are formed by covalent bonding between atoms. Hence option C is correct.
What is a polyatomic ion?
A polyatomic ion is cation or anion containing more than two atoms. Polyatomic ions containing a negative charges are anions whereas polyatomic ions with a net positive charge is called cations.
For example, ammonium ion NH₄⁺ is a polyatomic ion with a positive charge called ammonium ion. It is formed by accepting a hydrogen from a source. This is called protonation.
Similarly, deprotonation of a polyatomic compound leads to the formation of negative charge in polyatomic ions. For example CO₃⁻ is formed by the deprotonation of HCO₃.
Thus it is clear that polyatomic ions are covalent compounds such as ammonium, carbonate, nitrate ions etc. Thus option C is correct.
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Your question is incomplete. But most probably your complete question was the following:
Which statement is true about a polyatomic ion?
a. It is made up of a crystal lattice.
b. It contains a single atom
c. It is made of atoms that are covalently bonded together.
d. It contains multiple atoms with no charge.
Final answer:
A polyatomic ion is an ion composed of more than one atom bonded together that has a positive or negative charge. It can form ionic bonds with other ions to create ionic compounds.
Explanation:
A polyatomic ion is an ion composed of more than one atom bonded together. It has a positive or negative charge and can form ionic bonds with other ions to create ionic compounds.
For example, the nitrate ion (NO3) consists of one nitrogen atom and three oxygen atoms, and carries an overall charge of 1-. Another example is the carbonate ion (CO3), which consists of one carbon atom and three oxygen atoms and has an overall charge of 2-.
Polyatomic ions can be made up of atoms from the same element or different elements, and they have characteristic formulas, names, and charges that should be memorized.
as the elements in group 18 are considered in order of increasing atomic number, the ionization energy of each successive element
1) decreases
2) increases
3) remains the same
Balance this equation. If a coefficient of "1" is required, choose "blank" for that box.
C2H4 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
By balancing the equation, we ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. The balanced equation is:
C₂H₄ + 3O₂ → 2CO₂ + 2H₂O
Let's break down the equation and explain how it is balanced step by step:
C₂H₄ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
To balance the equation, we need to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides.
Starting with carbon (C), we have 2 carbon atoms on the left side (in C₂H₄) and 1 carbon atom on the right side (in CO₂). To balance the carbon, we place a coefficient of 2 in front of CO₂:
C₂H₄ + O₂ → 2 CO₂ + H₂O
Next, let's move on to hydrogen (H). We have 4 hydrogen atoms on the left side (in C₂H₄) and 2 hydrogen atoms on the right side (in H₂O). To balance the hydrogen, we place a coefficient of 2 in front of H₂O:
C₂H₄ + O₂ → 2 CO₂ + 2 H₂O
Finally, we'll look at oxygen (O). On the left side, we have 2 oxygen atoms from O2, and on the right side, we have 4 oxygen atoms from 2CO₂ and 2H₂O. To balance the oxygen, we need to have the same number of oxygen atoms on both sides. Since we have 2 oxygen atoms in O₂, we need to multiply it by 2 to get 4 oxygen atoms:
C₂H₄ + 2 O₂ → 2 CO₂ + 2 H₂O
Now the equation is balanced, with an equal number of atoms of each element on both sides.
Hence, the balanced equation is C₂H₄ + 2 O₂ → 2 CO₂ + 2 H₂O
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Which of the following distinctions are used to identify sedimentary rock? Select all that apply.
conditions it was formed under
when it was formed
where is was formed
how many layers it consists of
what it is composed of
Answer: Conditions it was formed under, where it was formed, and what it is composed of.
Explanation:
What is the relationship between where the element is located within a "block" in the Periodic table and the superscripted value (like the exponent) appearing at the end of the electron configuration for an element ?
Answer:
The relationship between where elements is located in a block and super scripted value appearing at the end of the electronic configuration is that it gives information on the group the element exist in each block.
Explanation:
Blocks in the periodic table are divided as S, P, D AND F blocks. Representing elements with a electronic configuration gives information on the block that the elements falls on . For example Sodium and fluorine configurations are as follows ;
Sodium → 1s²2s²2p∧6 3s∧1
flourine → 1s²2s²2p∧5
The outer shell that ends the configuration determines the block it belongs. In this case sodium belongs to the s block while fluorine belongs to the p blocks. Then the super scripted value which is 1 for sodium depict it belong to group 1 of the s blocks. The super scripted value for fluorine which is 5 shows the element belongs to group 5 in the p blocks.
The block in which an element is located in the Periodic Table determines the type of subshell the last electron occupies. The superscript at the end of the electron configuration indicates the number of electrons in the corresponding subshell.
Explanation:The location of an element within a block in the Periodic Table determines the type of subshell that the last electron occupies. The electron configuration details in what order the electrons fill up in different orbitals in an atom. In an electron configuration, the superscripted value - often referred to as the exponent - indicates the number of electrons in a particular subshell.
For instance, if an element is located in the 's block', the superscript value will represent the number of electrons in an 's' orbital. Similarly, if an element is located in the 'p block', the superscript value at the end of the electron configuration will denote the number of electrons in a 'p' orbital. In a d block, the d orbital's electron count is represented, and for the f block, the f orbital's.
This connection between electron configuration, blocks in the Periodic Table, and location of an element is a fundamental concept in the study of atomic structure and chemistry.
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If the valence electrons were removed, what would be the ion charge of the element?
Na = _____
-1
+1
-3
+3
Answer:
Sodium (Na) will become Na+
Explanation:
Every atom is neutral in its natural form, meaning they have the same number of protons and electrons. When an electron is removed from an atom, it becomes a cation (positive ion) with a charge of +1. If the atom looses two electrons the new charge of the resulting ion will be +2. On the other hand if an atom gains one electron the resultiong anion (negative ion) will have a charge of -1. Loosing two electrons will form an ion with charge -2.
Which is a product in the following chemical reaction? CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
CH4
H4
H2O
O2
The correct answer is H20.
In a chemical reaction, there are always two sides, the reactant side and the product side. The reactants are the elements that are reacting together. They are always written at the left side of a chemical equation, with a plus sign written in between two elements. The products are the new compounds that are formed from the reaction of reactants. They are always written at the right side of a chemical equation and a plus sign is used to join them if they are more than one. An arrow pointing to the products usually connect the two side of the equation. For the question give above, the reactant are CH4 and O2 and the products are CO2 and H2O.
Wht is the ph of an aqueous with a hydrogen ion concentration of {h } = 4.5 x 10-8m
Manganese has a total of 25 electrons, but the following orbital notation for manganese is incorrect. Explain the error in terms of the rules for electron arrangements. Manganese: 1s is filled. 2s is filled. 2p is filled. 3s is filled. 3p is filled. 3d is shown with five orbitals. The first two orbital have two electrons. Orbitals three through five in the 3d sublevel have one electron each.
which is the best example of how electromagnetic energy is used in everyday life
Answer:
X-ray in the hospital
Explanation:
#1: Which of the following statements best describes why strong acids and strong bases are good electrolytes?
A. Strong acids and strong bases make water less pure.
B. Strong acids and strong bases combine to form salts.
C. Strong acids and strong bases neutralize each other.
D. Strong acids and strong bases completely dissociate in water.
Answer:The correct answer is option D.
Explanation:
Electrolyte: An electrolyte is defined as those compound which dissociates into ions when dissolved in water and these ions in the solution will facilitate the movement of the electrons from the solution. Thus making it electrical conductive solution.
Good electrolytes are those electrolytes which completely dissociates or ionizes in water.Like strong acid, strong base, water soluble ionic salts(not of weak acid or weak base).
[tex]HCl(aq)\rightarrowH^+(aq)+Cl^-(aq)[/tex]
HCL; Strong acid gets completely ionized in water.
[tex]KOH(aq)\rightarrow K^+(aq)+OH^-(aq)[/tex]
KOH; Strong base gets completely ionized in water.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.
an earthquake causes a one 100 mile square area to be fractured into four different geographical areas. two of the areas have a river running through them, the other two have ponds, which of the following is a likely scenario based on the new geography?
The new geographical area would be more fertile land as it becomes rich with water, the biodiversity of that area increases; many new species of Birds and animal came in that area.
Flying animals will be able to cross back and forth between the two areas easily.
Which reaction is a single replacement reaction?
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2
KOH + HCl → KCl + H2O
Cu + 2AgNO3 → 2Ag + Cu(NO3)2
The example of a single replacement reaction is as follows: Cu + 2AgNO3 → 2Ag + Cu(NO3)2. Details about single replacement reaction can be found below.
What is a single replacement reaction?A single replacement reaction is a reaction that involves the displacement of only one element by another element.
In the reaction between copper and silver nitrate as follows: Cu + 2AgNO3 → 2Ag + Cu(NO3)2
Copper displaces silver to form copper nitrate, hence, it can be said to be an example of a single replacement reaction.
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Water is a very unique substance because it can exist in all three phases of matter (solid, liquid, gas) within the normal temperature ranges found on Earth.
When one observes the phase of matter of water, one observes a ________ property of matter.
Physical Because changing phases such as solid, liquid, gas are physical forms.
What are elements are common to most matter
In order for combustion to occur, what needs to happen? A. A fuel sits in the presence of a small amount of oxygen. B. The ignition point for a given fuel is met. C. The temperature of the fuel is lowered. D. Oxygen is removed from the area.
B. The ignition point for a given fuel is met.
Combustion is a process in which there is reaction between a substance and oxygen which gives off heat. Thus, the source of oxygen is called the oxidizer while the substance is called the fuel. However, the fuel can be inform of liquid, solid or gas and the process of combustion releases heat.
Calculate the mass in amu of 75 atoms of aluminum
The mass in amu of 75 atoms of aluminum is ; 2023.5 amu
Given that ;
1 atom of aluminum = 26.98 atomic mass unit
Determining the mass of 75 aluminum atom
= 26.98 amu * 75 atoms of aluminum
= 2023.5 amu
Atomic mass unit is the mass of (1/12) the mass of an atom of carbon-12 ( the reference standard for isotopes of elements ). from the amu table 1 atom of aluminum = 26.98 amu
Hence we can conclude that the mass in amu of 75 atoms of aluminum is = 2023.5 amu
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