1. Select two categories of records that are exempt from public disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act.

a. Environmental impact statements
b. National security documents
c. Documents with confidential information
d. Documents written by past presidents
e. Bills that were rejected in congressional committees

2. The Government in the Sunshine Act ______ all agency meetings to be ______ to the public unless they meet certain criteria. If a person is going to be ______, if ______ agency action would be frustrated, or if the meeting involves ______ litigation or rulemaking, then the meeting may be ______.
3. Which law requires the government to reassess the impact on business and continue to look for less burdensome means of achieving a governmental goal?

a. Government in the Sunshine Act
b. Freedom of Information Act
c. Regulatory Flexibility Act
d. Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act

4. The Regulatory Flexibility Act relieved small businesses of certain record-keeping requirements under agency rules and federal statutes.
True or False?
5. The Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act gives Congress days to review new federal regulations to be sure that they do not unduly burden small businesses.
True or False?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

1)  b. National security documents

   c. Documents with confidential information

2)   i - requires

    ii - open

   iii - accused of a crime

   iv - future

   v - future

  vi - closed

3) c. Regulatory Flexibility Act

4) True

5) True, 60days

Explanation:

1) Two categories of records that are exempt from public disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act are; "National security documents  & Documents with confidential information".

2) The Government in the Sunshine Act requires all agency meetings to be open to the public unless they meet certain criteria. If a person is going to be accused of a crime, if future agency action would be frustrated, or if the meeting involves future litigation or rule making, then the meeting may be closed.

3) The law which requires the government to reassess the impact on business and continue to look for less burdensome means of achieving a governmental goal is Regulatory Flexibility Act.

4)  It is true that the Regulatory Flexibility Act relieved small businesses of certain record-keeping requirements under agency rules and federal statutes.

5) The Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act gives Congress 60 days to review new federal regulations to be sure that they do not unduly burden small businesses.

Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

1. Categories of records that are exempt from public disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act are:

1. National security documents

2. Documents with confidential information

The above stated are exempted from the freedom of information act.

2. The Government in the Sunshine Act requires all agency meetings to be open to the public unless they meet certain criteria. If a person is going to be accused of a crime , if national defence agency action would be frustrated, or if the meeting involves legal litigation or rule making, then the meeting may be kept private.

3. C. Regulation Flexibility Act: This act is used to balance the social goals of federal regulations with the needs and capabilities of small businesses and other small entities in the American society.

It was enacted in September 1980 which requires agencies  to consider the impact of their regulatory proposals on small entities and analyze effective  alternatives that minimize small entity impacts, and make their analyses available for  public comment.

4. The Regulatory Flexibility Act relieved small businesses of certain record-keeping requirements under agency rules and federal statutes. True or False?

False- this is because the regulatory flexibility act requires agencies to examine public policy issues using  an analytical process that identifies barriers to small business competitiveness and seeks a  level playing field for small entities, not an unfair advantage.

5. The Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act gives Congress days to review new federal regulations to be sure that they do not unduly burden small businesses. True or False?

False


Related Questions

LLAP Company manufactures a specialized hoverboard. LLAP began 2017 with an inventory of 240 hoverboards. During the year, it produced 1,200 boards and sold 1,300 for $800 each. Fixed production costs were $319,000, and variable production costs were $375 per unit. Fixed advertising, marketing, and other general and administrative expenses were $150,000, and variable shipping costs were $20 per board. Assume that the cost of each unit in beginning inventory is equal to 2017 inventory cost.

Required

1. Prepare an income statement assuming LLAP uses variable costing.

2. Prepare an income statement assuming LLAP uses absorption costing. LLAP uses a denominator level of 1,100 units. Production-volume variances are written off to cost of goods sold.

3. Compute the breakeven point in units sold assuming LLAP uses the following:

a. Variable costing

b. Absorption costing (Production = 1,200 boards)

4. Provide proof of your preceding breakeven calculations.

5. Assume that $44,000 of fixed administrative costs were reclassified as fixed production costs. Would this reclassification affect the breakeven point using variable costing? What if absorption costing were used? Explain.

6. The company that supplies LLAP with its specialized impact-resistant material has announced a price increase of $20 for each board. What effect would this have on the breakeven points previously calculated in requirement 3?

Answers

Answer:

Part 1 : Income statement assuming LLAP uses variable costing

                                                                                                 $

Sales ($800×1300)                                                                1040000

Less Cost of Goods Sold

Opening Stock ($375 × 240)                        90000

Add Cost of Goods Manufactured             450000

Less Closing Stock ($375×140)                   (52500)            (487500)      

Gross Profit                                                                             552500

Less Periodic Costs

Fixed Production Costs                                                        ( 319000)

Fixed Advertising, Marketing, Admin                                   (150000)

Shipping Cost( $ 20 × 1300)                                                   (26000)

Net Income                                                                               57500

Part 2 : Income statement assuming LLAP uses absorption costing

                                                                                                 $

Sales ($800×1300)                                                                1040000

Less Cost of Goods Sold

Opening Stock ($665 × 240)                       159600

Add Cost of Goods Manufactured             769000

Less Closing Stock ($665×140)                   (93100)  

Add Under - Applied Overheads                 29000             864500                                                                                                        

Gross Profit                                                                             175500

Less Periodic Costs

Fixed Advertising, Marketing, Admin                                   (150000)

Shipping Cost( $ 20 × 1300)                                                   (26000)

Net Loss                                                                                     (500)

Part 3 and Part 4 : Breakeven point in units sold assuming LLAP uses:

   a. Variable costing

B.E.P (Units) = Fixed Costs/Contribution per unit

                    =($319000+$150000)/($800-$375-$20)

                    =$469000/$405

                    =1159

   b. Absorption costing (Production = 1,200 boards)

B.E.P (Units) = Fixed Costs/Contribution per unit

                    =($319000+$150000)/($800-$375-$20)

                    =$469000/$405

                    =1159

Part 5 : Effect of Re-classification of $44,000 of fixed administrative costs as fixed production costs on:

     a. Breakeven point using variable costing

There is no effect. The $44000 is still a fixed overhead for Break-even calculation

     b.Breakeven point using Absorption costing

There is no effect. The $44000 is still a fixed overhead for Break-even calculation

Part 6 : Effect of a price increase of $20 for each board on Breakeven point in units sold assuming LLAP uses:

   a. Variable costing

B.E.P (Units) = Fixed Costs/Contribution per unit

                    =($319000+$150000)/($800-$375-$20-20)

                    =$469000/$385

                    =1219

Therefore this  increases the Break Even Point by 60 units

   b. Absorption costing (Production = 1,200 boards)

B.E.P (Units) = Fixed Costs/Contribution per unit

                    =($319000+$150000)/($800-$375-$20-20)

                    =$469000/$385

                    =1219

Therefore this  increases the Break Even Point by 60 units

Explanation:

Part 1

Variable Costing System assumes that all Fixed Manufacturing costs are periodic costs. Thus Fixed Manufacturing costs are not used for product valuation but only for Profit calculation.

Part 2

Absorption Costing System assumes that all Fixed Manufacturing costs are product costs. Thus Fixed Manufacturing costs are used for product valuation as well as for Profit calculation.

Part 3

For Break Even purposes Variable Costing and Absorption Costing will produce the same results.

Part 5

The $ 44000 fixed administrative cost  reclassified as fixed production cost is still a Fixed Overhead for Break-even point Calculation purposes.

Part 6

The $20 charge further increases variable cost per unit. This lowers the contribution per unit and increases the Break Even Point.

Reclassification of administrative costs wouldn't affect variable costing's breakeven, but could lower it under absorption costing. Price increase lowers breakeven.

1. Income Statement using Variable Costing:

  Sales Revenue:

  Sales = 1,300 * $800 = $1,040,000

  Variable Costs:

  Variable Production Costs = 1,200 * $375 = $450,000

  Variable Shipping Costs = 1,300 * $20 = $26,000

  Total Variable Costs = $450,000 + $26,000 = $476,000

  Contribution Margin = Sales Revenue - Total Variable Costs

  Contribution Margin = $1,040,000 - $476,000 = $564,000

  Fixed Costs:

  Fixed Production Costs = $319,000

  Fixed Advertising, Marketing, and Other G&A Expenses = $150,000

  Total Fixed Costs = $319,000 + $150,000 = $469,000

  Operating Income = Contribution Margin - Total Fixed Costs

  Operating Income = $564,000 - $469,000 = $95,000

2. Income Statement using Absorption Costing:

  Sales Revenue = $1,040,000

  Cost of Goods Sold:

  Beginning Inventory = 240 * $375 = $90,000

  Cost of Goods Manufactured = 1,200 * $375 = $450,000

  Total Cost of Goods Available for Sale = $90,000 + $450,000 = $540,000

  Cost of Goods Sold = (1,300 - 240) * $375 = $451,500

 

  Gross Profit = Sales Revenue - Cost of Goods Sold

  Gross Profit = $1,040,000 - $451,500 = $588,500

  Operating Expenses:

  Fixed Production Costs = $319,000

  Fixed Advertising, Marketing, and Other G&A Expenses = $150,000

  Total Operating Expenses = $319,000 + $150,000 = $469,000

  Operating Income = Gross Profit - Total Operating Expenses

  Operating Income = $588,500 - $469,000 = $119,500

3. Breakeven Point in Units Sold:

  a. Variable Costing:

  Breakeven Point = Fixed Costs / Contribution Margin per Unit

  Breakeven Point = ($319,000 + $150,000) / ($800 - $375 - $20)

  Breakeven Point = $469,000 / $405 = 1,157.41 units (rounded to nearest whole number)

  b. Absorption Costing (Production = 1,200 boards):

  Breakeven Point = Fixed Costs / Contribution Margin per Unit

  Breakeven Point = ($319,000 + $150,000) / ($800 - $375)

  Breakeven Point = $469,000 / $425 = 1,103.53 units (rounded to nearest whole number)

4.Proof of Breakeven Calculations:Breakeven point represents the level of sales at which total revenue equals total costs, resulting in zero profit. It can be calculated using either variable or absorption costing methods.

5.Reclassification of Fixed Administrative Costs:Reclassifying $44,000 of fixed administrative costs as fixed production costs would not affect the breakeven point under variable costing since fixed administrative costs are not considered in determining the contribution margin. However, under absorption costing, this reclassification would reduce the amount of fixed costs allocated to each unit produced, potentially lowering the breakeven point.

6. Effect of Price Increase on Breakeven Points: A $20 increase in the price of each board would increase the contribution margin per unit, leading to a lower breakeven point in units sold for both variable and absorption costing. This is because higher selling prices increase revenue without affecting variable costs, thereby improving the contribution margin and reducing the number of units needed to cover fixed costs and break even.

Steve is a baseball fan. He regularly goes to games right after work without eating food. Therefore, he hopes that the food and drink vendors will visit his section of the stand frequently. Bart, on the other hand, regularly has dinner elsewhere before he attends games and has a lower level of desired service from the food and drink vendors at the ballpark.
In this example, Steve and Bart have different ____________ that shape their desired level of service.

A. Personal service philosophies
B. Personal needs
C. Predicted service levels
D. Derived service expectations
E. Adequate service expectations

Answers

Answer:

The answer is B.Personal needs.

Explanation:

Final answer:

Option B. Steve and Bart have different personal needs, which dictate their desired level of service from food and drink vendors at a ballpark. The concept of preferences in economics is related to the utility and satisfaction derived from consuming goods and services.

Explanation:

In the scenario with Steve and Bart, their different levels of service need at the ballpark are influenced by their unique personal needs. These needs emerge from their habits, with Steve directly coming to the games after work feeling hungry, hence having a higher demand for food services. Conversely, Bart having dinner beforehand has lower demand for these services during the game. This illustrates the concept of preferences and how individual choices are shaped by the various goods and services they desire, which can be influenced by immediate needs such as hunger or thirst, and choices like having a meal before an event.

The distinction between needs and wants is also crucial here. Needs, especially non-contingent needs, are essential for our survival and well-being, whereas wants are desires for goods and services that provide us with utility or satisfaction. In economics, utility is a measure of the satisfaction or benefit derived from consuming goods and services, and is subjective. The law of diminishing marginal utility states that as we consume more of a good, the additional satisfaction we get from each new unit tends to decrease.

You are given a two-asset portfolio with a fixed correlation coefficient. If the weights of the two assets are varied the expected portfolio return would be ____ and the expected portfolio standard deviation would be

Answers

Options

A. Nonlinear, elliptical

B. Nonlinear, Circular

C. Linear, elliptical

D. Linear, Circular

E. Circular, elliptical

Answer: C. Linear, elliptical

Explanation:An asset is any investment made by a person or an organisation that is capable of yielding future benefits in the future.

Portfolio is a group of Financial assets such as bonds,stocks, Financial and non Financial Securities such as real estates etc.

A two-portfollio is a portfolio owned by an organisation or a person containing two assets.

Correlation coefficient is a statistical measure that is used to establish the strength of the Relationship between two the relative movements of two variables.

In the Wall Street Journal (last March) it was reported that the unemployment rate decreased from 4.1% to 3.9% from January 2019 to February 2019 in the United States. This unambiguously shows that the U.S. economy must have expanded and the labor market remained robust.

a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer:

The statement in the question given is false

Explanation:

Job finding by individuals without jobs is not the only way in which the rate of unemployment can be reduced; it can also get reduced , reason being that due to discouragement and some other factors, the jobless are no longer looking for employment, thus they are withdrawing from the labor force altogether.

If the situation described above is true, then a diminishing unemployment rate is necessarily a sign of economic expansion, although could indicate a structural weakness of the job market.

Thus, the statement in the question given is false.

Glavine Corporation incurred the following costs while manufacturing its product. Materials used in product $125,000 Depreciation on plant 60,000 Property taxes on store 7,500 Labor costs of assembly-line workers 110,000 Factory supplies used 23,000 Advertising expense 45,000 Property taxes on plant 19,000 Delivery expense 21,000 Sales commissions 35,000 Salaries paid to sales clerks 50,000 Work-in-process inventory was $27,000 at January 1 and $15,500 at December 31. Finished goods inventory was $65,000 at January 1 and $50,600 at December 31.(a) Compute cost of goods manufactured.

(b) Compute cost of goods sold.

Answers

Answer:

Part (a) Compute cost of goods manufactured.

Direct Materials                                                                          125,000

Direct Labor                                                                                110,000

Prime Cost                                                                                 235,000

Add Manufacturing Overhead Expenses:

Depreciation on Plant                                                                 60,000

Factory Supplies                                                                         23,000

Property Taxes on Plant                                                              19,000

Total Manufacturing Costs                                                       337,000

Add Opening Work In Process Inventory                                  27,000

Less Closing Work In Process Inventory                                  (15,500)

Cost of goods manufactured                                                   348,500

Part (b) Compute cost of goods sold.

Opening Stock of Finished Goods Inventory                            65,000

Add Cost of Goods Manufactured                                           348,500

Less Closing Stock Of Finished Goods Inventory                   (50,600)

Cost of goods sold                                                                    362,900

Explanation:

Part (a) Compute cost of goods manufactured.

Cost of goods manufactured = Direct Materials + Direct Labor + Manufacturing Overheads

IGNORE NON-MANUFACTURING OVERHEADS FOR THIS PART OF CALCULATION !

Part (b) Compute cost of goods sold.

Cost of Goods Sod = Opening Stock of Finished Goods + Cost of Goods Manufactured - Closing Stock of Finished Goods

Answer:

Cost of Goods Sold   $ 362,500

Explanation:

Glavine Corporation

Cost Of Goods Sold Statement

Materials used $125,000

Labor costs of assembly-line workers 110,000  

Factory Overhead  $ 102,000

Factory supplies used 23,000

Depreciation on plant 60,000

Property taxes on plant 19,000

Total Manufacturing Costs  $ 337,000

Add Work-in-process inventory was $27,000 at January 1

Cost of Goods Available for Manufacture $ 364,000

Less Work-in-process inventory   $15,500 at December 31.

Cost of Goods Manufactured $ 348,500

Add Finished goods inventory was $65,000 at January 1

Cost of Goods Available for Sale  $ 413,500

Less Finished goods inventory $50,600 at December 31

Cost of Goods Sold   $ 362,500

These all expenses are related to Sales and included in the income statement. They are not related to the manufacturing of the product.

Advertising expense 45,000

Property taxes on store 7,500 ****

It is considered to be the Sales Store

Delivery expense 21,000

Sales commissions 35,000

Salaries paid to sales clerks 50,000

Shares of common stock of the Samson Co. offer an expected total return of 16.2 percent. The dividend is increasing at a constant 5.6 percent per year. The dividend yield must be:_________

Answers

Options:

A. 5.60%.

B. 10.60%.

C. 16.20%.

D. 21.80%.

E. 2.89%.

Answer:D. 21.80%

Explanation:The Dividend yield is the total amount earned by dividing the amount of dividend per share by the stock price per share for a given Company,it generally represented in percentage. The Shares of common stock of the Samson Co. that offers an expected total return of 16.2 percent, and a dividend increase of 5.6% per year will be expected to give a total yield(Which is the total amount earned from this investment during the period under review)

Total yield will be 16.2%+5.6%=21.8%.

A firm wishes to maintain an internal growth rate of 6.5 percent and a dividend payout ratio of 25 percent. The current profit margin is 6 percent, and the firm uses no external financing sources. What must total asset turnover be?

Answers

Answer: source Amnesia

Explanation:

Source amnesia is the inability to remember where, when or how previously learned information has been acquired, while retaining the factual knowledge. This branch of amnesia is associated with the malfunctioning of one's explicit memory. It is likely that the disconnect between having the knowledge and remembering the context in which the knowledge was acquired is due to a dissociation between semantic and episodic memory – an individual retains the semantic knowledge (the fact), but lacks the episodic knowledge to indicate the context in which the knowledge was gained.

Shire Computers predetermined overhead rate is based on direct labor cost. Management estimates the company will incur $747,500 of overhead costs and $575,000 of direct labor cost for the year. During March, Shire began and completed Job 13-56. What is the predetermined overhead rate for the year

Answers

Answer:

Estimated manufacturing overhead rate= $1.3 per direct labor dollar

Explanation:

Giving the following information:

Management estimates the company will incur $747,500 of overhead costs and $575,000 of direct labor cost for the year.

To calculate the estimated manufacturing overhead rate we need to use the following formula:

Estimated manufacturing overhead rate= total estimated overhead costs for the period/ total amount of allocation base

Estimated manufacturing overhead rate= 747,500/575,000= $1.3 per direct labor dollar

Final answer:

The predetermined overhead rate for Shire Computers is 130% of the direct labor cost, calculated by dividing the estimated overhead costs by the estimated direct labor costs for the year.

Explanation:

The predetermined overhead rate for Shire Computers is calculated based on the estimated overhead costs and direct labor costs for the year. To find this rate, you divide the estimated overhead costs by the estimated direct labor costs, then multiply by 100 to get a percentage.

The formula is as follows: Predetermined Overhead Rate = (Estimated Overhead Costs / Estimated Direct Labor Costs) × 100. Using the provided numbers, the calculation would be ($747,500 / $575,000) × 100, which gives us a predetermined overhead rate of approximately 130% of the direct labor cost.

If the bidders at a first-price auction have true values of $78, $72, $66, and $65, the item will sell for a. ​$78 b. ​$72 c. ​just over $72 d. ​Just above $78

Answers

Answer:

a. ​$78

Explanation:

In a first-price auction, all bidders simultaneously submit sealed bids, with that approach, no bidder knows the bid of any other participant and then the bidder with the highest bid purchases the item for the specified amount. If the highest value is $78, the item will sell for exactly $78.

LOL Music Store uses the perpetual inventory system to account for its merchandise. On November 17, it purchased $1,000 of merchandise with terms of 2/5,n60. If payment is made on November 21, demonstrate the required journal entry to record the payment by selecting all of the correct actions below. (Check all that apply).

Credit Purchase Discounts $20

Credit Cash $980

Debit Accounts Payable $1,000

Credit Cash $1,000

Debit Merchandise Inventory $20

Credit Merchandise Inventory $20

Credit Accounts Payable $1,000

Answers

Final answer:

The correct journal entry to record the payment on November 21, using the perpetual inventory system, is to debit Accounts Payable, credit Purchase Discounts, and credit Cash.

Explanation:

The correct journal entry to record the payment on November 21, using the perpetual inventory system, is as follows:

Debit Accounts Payable $1,000Credit Purchase Discounts $20Credit Cash $980

The first entry, debit to Accounts Payable and credit to Purchase Discounts, reflects the reduction in the liability of the company due to the prompt payment discount.

The second entry, credit to Cash, reflects the actual payment made by the company.

Two merchant companies have entered into a contract for the sale of goods but have had no prior dealings that would establish a course of conduct between them. The UCC will allow gap fillers to apply to their contract regarding missing terms in each of the following situations except when

Answers

Answer:

they have failed to specify the price of the goods to be delivered.

Explanation:

If there is a buyer and seller conflict where paperwork between the two them do not agree, the the UCC makes provision for gap fillers. Gap fillers supplements agreement that has failed between the parties and includes that delivery of goods is within a reasonable time.

However UCC gap cannot be used to account for situations where the price of the goods has not been specified. The price can only be agreed between the parties involved.

Gap fillers is effective when time of payment is not settled, place of delivery is not provided, and when quality or grade of goods is not stated.

Final answer:

Gap fillers in the UCC supply missing terms in a contract to ensure fairness, but they cannot be used when they would result in illegality, such as in the enforcement of a minimum price contract that restricts competition among dealers.

Explanation:

The question pertains to the use of gap fillers under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) when a contract for the sale of goods has been created without specific terms being defined. Gap fillers are provisions within the UCC that supply missing terms in a contract, allowing for a fair and efficient transaction between parties who have not established a prior course of dealing.

However, the UCC will not allow gap fillers to apply when doing so would violate a legal requirement or a fundamental principle of law. A clear example of this would be the illegality of a minimum price contract, which would restrict competition among dealers. Such a requirement is not just a missing term that can be gap-filled because it goes against public policy by hindering market competition.

Therefore, the application of gap fillers is limited by the legal framework within which commercial transactions occur. They are designed to facilitate trade by making assumptions about missing terms that are reasonable and lawful but cannot contravene explicit legal prohibitions.

Presented below are selected account balances for Homer Winslow Co as of December 31, 2014.

Instructions: Prepare closing entries for Homer Winslow Co on December 31,2014. (Omit explanations)

Inventory 12/31/14 $60,000 Cost of Goods Sold $225,700

Common Stock 75,000 Selling Expenses 16,000

Retained Earnings 45,000 Administrative

Expenses 38,000

Dividends 18,000 Income Tax

Expense 30,000

Sales Returns

and Allowances 12,000

Sales Discounts 15,000

Sales Revenue 410,000

Answers

Answer:

Sales Revenue 410,000 debit

        Income Summary    410,000 credit

--to close revenues accounts--

Income Summary               95,000 debit

      Administrative Expenses          38,000  credit

      Income Tax Expense                30,000  credit

      Sales Returns and Allowances 12,000  credit

      Sales Discounts                         15,000 credit

--to close expenses and other--

Income Summary     18,000 debit

Dividends                                   18,000 credit

--to close dividends--

Income summary    297,000 debit

   Retained Earnings      297,000 credit

--to close the income summary against RE--

Explanation:

We have to close against income summary he temporary accounts:

To close this accounts we need to post them in their opposite side of the normal balance. Revenues will be debited while expenses credited.

At last, we solve for the income summary balance and close it against retained earnings

410,000 - 95,000 - 18,000 = 297,000

Management fraud (e. g., fraudulent financial reporting) is a relatively rare event. However, when it does occur, the frauds (e. g., Enron and WorldCom) can have a significant effect on shareholders, employees, and other parties. AU 240, Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit, provides the relevant guidance for auditors.


Required:
a. What is the auditor's responsibility for detecting fraud?
b. Describe the three conditions that are generally present when fraud occurs?
c. What are the objectives of the " brainstorming" meeting that is held among the engagement team members?
d. What is the required documentation for identified risk factors?

Answers

A. ANSWER:

The Auditors major responsibility for detecting fraud is to flag it and report it.

EXPLANATION:

He or she may:

Report it to the audit committee or

to the highest level of management (if they are not involved in the fraud), or

to the shareholders if the fraud was and or is being committed by those in senior management

It is also the Auditors responsibility to:

Detect any error leading to a material misstatement. A material misstatement is information in the financial statements that is sufficiently incorrect that it may impact the economic decisions of someone relying on those statements

If the error is immaterial, it should be reported to those charged with governance.

        Here there is no responsibility to detect them.

At the Planning Stage consider in advance, the risk of material misstatement due to fraud and error  

B. ANSWER

The three conditions generally present when fraud occurs are:

Opportunity

Incentive

Rationalization

EXPLANATION

1. Opportunity:

Opportunity refers to circumstances that allow fraud to occur. In the fraud triangle, it is the only component that a company exercises complete control over. Examples of conditions that provide opportunities for committing fraud include but are not limited to: Weak internal controls, lack of integrity at management level, inadequate accounting policies.

2. Incentive:

This is alternatively called pressure, or motive. It refers to an employee’s mindset towards committing fraud. Examples of things that provide incentives for committing fraud include:

Bonuses based on a financial metric

Common financial metrics used to assess the performance of an employee are revenues and net income. Bonuses that are based on a financial metric creates pressure for employees to meet targets which, in turn, may cause them to commit fraud to achieve the objective.

Investor and analyst expectations

The need to meet or exceed investor and analyst expectations can create pressure to commit fraud.

Personal needs

Personal needs may include wanting to earn more money, the need to pay personal bills, a gambling addiction, etc.

3. Rationalization

Rationalization refers to an individual’s justification for committing fraud. Examples of common rationalizations that fraud committers use include:

“They treated me wrong”

An individual may be spiteful towards their manager or employer and believe that committing fraud is a way of getting payback.

“Upper management is doing it as well”

Lack of integrity at the top may cause an individual to follow in the footsteps of those higher in the corporate hierarchy.

“There is no other solution”

An individual may believe that they might lose everything (for example, losing a job) unless he or she commits fraud.

C. ANSWER

The objectives of the "Fraud Brainstorming" meeting that is held among the engagement team members are to:  

Share insights about the entity and its environment and the entity's business risksProvide an opportunity for the team members to discuss how and where the entity might be susceptible to fraudEmphasize the importance of maintaining professional skepticism throughout the audit regarding the potential for material misstatement due to fraud            

EXPLANATION

Auditors are required to hold discussions ( "brainstorming sessions) with the audit team about the entity's financial statements' susceptibility to material misstatements In planning the audit, the engagement partner or manager should communicate with members of the audit team regarding the potential for misstatement due to fraud .     The brainstorming session can be held separately, or concurrently with the discussion required as part of understanding the entity and its environment  

D. ANSWER

The required documents for identified risk factors are:

A record of the discussion  among  the  engagement  team  where  required and the significant decisions reached;A record holding the key  elements  of  the  understanding  obtained  regarding  each  of  the  aspects of the entity and its environment specified and of each of the internal control components the  sources  of  information  from  which  the  understanding  was  obtained; and the risk assessment procedures performed;the  identified  and  assessed  risks  of  material  misstatement  at  the  financial  statement  level  and  at  the  assertion  level ; andthe risks identified, and related controls about which the auditor has obtained an understanding      

       

Final answer:

Auditors are responsible for detecting material misstatement due to fraud in financial statements. Three conditions present during fraud are pressure, opportunity, and rationalization, known as the fraud triangle. The brainstorming meeting aims to discuss possible risk areas and plan accordingly, and auditors should document their findings and responses thoroughly.

Explanation:

In the context of an audit, the auditor's responsibility for detecting fraud involves planning and performing the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether caused by error or fraud.

Three conditions generally present when fraud occurs are known as the fraud triangle, which includes pressure or incentive, opportunity, and rationalization. Pressure or incentive could be financial or personal needs, opportunity might arise due to weak internal controls, and rationalization is the mindset that excuses the fraudulent behavior.

The brainstorming meeting among the engagement team members aims to discuss how and where the entity's financial statements might be susceptible to material misstatement due to fraud, and to design procedures accordingly.

The required documentation for identified risk factors includes a written record of the identification and assessment of the risks of material misstatement, the auditor’s response to those risks, and the basis for the conclusions about the risks related to each of these.

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Stellar Corporation engaged in the following cash transactions during 2017. Sale of land and building $194,800 Purchase of treasury stock 46,900 Purchase of land 44,700 Payment of cash dividend 91,800 Purchase of equipment 58,200 Issuance of common stock 157,000 Retirement of bonds 102,900Compute the net cash provided (used) by investing activities

Use the information presented for Martinez Corporation to compute the net cash used (provided) by financing activities

Answers

Answer:

The cash provided by investing activities is $91900

Explanation:

The net cash provided or (used) by investing activities is computed thus:

Sale of land and building                     $194800

Purchase of land                                    ($44700)

Purchase of equipment                          ($58200)

Net cash provided by investing activities $91900

The purchase of treasury refers to purchase of own shares from shareholders,hence it is a financing activity

Payment of dividends to shareholders is also a financing activity

Issuance of common stock and retirement of bonds are also financing activity-related,as a result they do not feature in the above computation of cash provided or used by investing activities

Les Stanley established an insurance agency on July 1, 20Y5, and completed the following transactions during July: Opened a business bank account in the name of Stanley Insurance Inc., with a deposit of $50,500 in exchange for common stock. Borrowed $23,000 by issuing a note payable. Received cash from fees earned, $28,500. Paid rent on office and equipment for the month, $2,600. Paid automobile expense for the month, $2,000, and miscellaneous expense, $800. Paid office salaries, $4,200. Paid interest on the note payable, $110. Purchased land as a future building site, $59,000. Paid dividends, $3,800.

Answers

Answer:

A. Net Income = $22,790

B. Shareholders' equity balance is = $69,490

Explanation:

Requirement A:

Les Stanley

Income Statement

For the year ended, July 31, 2015

Revenues:

Fees Earned $28,500 (1)

Expenses:

Rent expenses $2,600 (3)

Automobile Expense $2,000 (4)

Office Salaries $4,200 (5)

Miscellaneous expense$ 800 (6)

Interest Expense $ 110 (7)

Total Expenses $5,710

Net Income $22,790

Note - 1: Fees earned = $28,500 (Journal 3)

2. Common stock = $50,500 (Journal 1)

3. Rent expense (Journal 4)

4. Automobile expense (Journal 5)

5. Office salaries (Journal 7)

6. Miscellaneous expense (Journal 6)

7. Interest on payable (Journal 8)

8. Dividends (Journal 10)

Requirement B:

Les Stanley

Statement of shareholders equity

For the year ended, July 31, 2015

Particulars Share R. E* Total

Balances, July 1, 2015 $0 0 $0

Add: Issued Capital $50,500 (2) 0 $50,500

Add: Net Income $0 $22,790 $22,790

Less: Dividends (8) $0 $(3,800) $(3,800)

Balances, July 31, 2015 $50,500 $18,990 $69,490

Therefore, shareholders' equity balance is = $69,490

Final answer:

The question is about understanding and tracking the financial transactions made by a business owner, Les Stanley, for his company, Stanley Insurance Inc., in its first month.

Explanation:

The subject of the question regards tracking and understanding financial transactions

in a business, specifically Stanley Insurance Inc. Les Stanley started his business in July and made certain financial decisions. He opened a bank account with $50,500, borrowed $23,000 through a note payable, gained $28,500 from earned fees, paid several expenses amounting to $9,710 in total. He also made a significant purchase of a land costing $59,000, and paid dividends of $3,800.

Business accounting is a key skill in managing the financial health of a company, and these transactions encapsulate that.

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Supporters of socially responsible businesses claim that by becoming socially responsible, businesses can expect ________. more government regulation less government regulation more government interference more strict enforcement of laws

Answers

The answer is less government regulation.

The other three are all restricting the businesses, even thought this statement was made by supporters of socially responsible businesses and the result should be positive.

I hope this helps!

Answer:

less government regulation

Skidmore Music Company had the following transactions in March: Sold instruments to customers for $16,300; received $11,200 in cash and the rest on account. The cost of the instruments was $8,700. Purchased $4,300 of new instruments inventory; paid $1,600 in cash and owed the rest on account. Paid $610 in wages to employees who worked during the month. Received $4,200 from customers as deposits on orders of new instruments to be sold to the customers in April. Received a $270 bill for March utilities that will be paid in April.

Answers

Answer:

1. a) Dr Account receivable  16300

           Cr  Sales revenue            16300

  b) Dr Cash    11200

          Cr   Account receivable  11200

2. Dr Inventory   4300

       Cr Cash                      1600

       Cr Accounts payable   2700

3. Dr Wages expense   610

      Cr  Cash                       610

4. Dr Cash   4200

     Cr  Advance from customer  4200

5. Dr utilities expense   270

      Cr  Utilities payable       270.  

xercise 19-3 Correct answer. Your answer is correct. Barnes Company reports the following operating results for the month of August: sales $320,000 (units 5,000); variable costs $216,000; and fixed costs $70,500. Management is considering the following independent courses of action to increase net income. Compute the net income to be earned under each alternative. 1. Increase selling price by 10% with no change in total variable costs or sales volume. Net income $Entry field with correct answer 65500 2. Reduce variable costs to 56% of sales. Net income $Entry field with correct answer 70300 3. Reduce fixed costs by $22,000. Net income $Entry field with correct answer 55500

Answers

Answer:

1.$352,000

2.$33,500

3. $227,500

Explanation:

1.

$320,000 x 10% = 32,000

$320,000 + $32,000= $352,000

2.

Reduce variable costs to 56% of sales.

$320,000 x 56%= $179,200

Sales $320,000 - VC $ 216,000= $104,000

CM $104,000 - FC $70,500 = $33,500

By reducing the variable costs to 56% of sales we would get a net income of $ 33,500

3.

Reduce fixed costs by $22,000.

Sales $320,000 - VC $ 22,000=$298,000

CM $298,000 - FC $70,500 = $227,500

Being "on time" in business situations generally means being about ________________. about thirty minutes late. about five minutes early. at the time of the appointment. at the time of appointment or within 15 minutes after.

Answers

Being "on time" in business situations generally means being about "five minutes early".

Option: B

Explanation:

Either in business or in any government sector being on time is one of the key to grab best opportunity. Here in business being on time means atleast 5 minute early on the spot, if someone became late than with apology it is acceptable only upto 5-10 minutes immediately after a start. While the one who is late more than 15 minute they need to inform coordinators or head through phone call or text and with reason. Reaching too early also may become boring and non-interest sometimes, especially when meeting starts.

Final answer:

In a business context, being 'on time' usually refers to arriving about five minutes before a scheduled appointment. This is a demonstration of respect and professionalism. It is almost always considered inappropriate to arrive late.

Explanation:

In most professional business situations, being 'on time' typically signifies arriving approximately five minutes early to a scheduled appointment. It gives you enough time to settle in, prepare, and present yourself as a responsible individual. Arriving late tends to communicate disregard for others' time, and should be avoided unless an unavoidable circumstances arise. Keep in mind, though, expectations may vary in different cultures and contexts, but timeliness in general is key to maintaining professionalism in business settings

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An owner of a local salon realized that by decreasing the prices that she charges for haircuts, her revenue has increased. This implies that a. ​The demand for her haircuts is elastic b. ​The demand for her haircuts is unitary elastic c. ​The demand for her haircuts is inelastic d. ​The demand for her haircuts is perfectly inelastic

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is letter "A": ​The demand for her haircuts is elastic.

Explanation:

Elasticity is a feature of certain goods and services that affect their quantity demanded after a change in prices. The price elasticity of demand is calculated by dividing the percentage of change in quantity demanded by the percentage of change in price. Results equal to or greater than one (1) imply the demand for that product is elastic while results lower than 1 means the demand is inelastic.

Thus, if a salon owner realizes her revenue increased after decreasing the haircut prices, it implies the demand for haircuts is elastic.

Compute the time-before-deadline for each incoming job. Give the order in which the six jobs will finish, and identify any jobs that fail to meet their dead-line. It may help to draw a timeline

Answers

Answer:

The question is not complete the completed one and the solution is attached herewith.

Explanation:

On April 1, Adventures Travel Agency, Inc. began operations. The following transactions were completed during the month. 1. Issued common stock for $24,000 cash. 2. Obtained a bank loan for $7,000 by issuing a note payable. 3. Paid $11,000 cash to buy equipment. 4. Paid $1,200 cash for April office rent. 5. Paid $1,450 for supplies. 6. Purchased $600 of advertising in the Daily Herald, on account. 7. Performed services for $18,000: cash of $2,000 was received from customers, and the balance of $16,000 was billed to customers on account. 8. Paid $400 cash dividend to stockholders. 9. Paid the utility bill for the month, $2,000. 10. Paid Daily Herald the amount due in transaction (6). 11. Paid $40 of interest on the bank loan obtained in transaction (2). 12. Paid employees’ salaries, $6,400. 13. Received $12,000 cash from customers billed in transaction (7). 14. Paid income tax, $1,500.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Date     Transaction                     Debit                   Credit

01.04     Cash                              $24000

              Common stock                                         $24000

02/04     Cash                                $7000

               Notes Payable                                         $7000

03/04     Equipment                       $11000

               Cash                                                           $11000

04/04      Operating Expense          $1200

                Cash                                                           $1200

05/04       Equipment Expense          $1450

                  Cash                                                           $1450

06/04      Advertising                           $600

                Accounts Payable                                        $600

07/04      Accounts Receivable            $16000

               Cash                                       $2000

             Services performed                                           $18000

08/04     Equity                                      $400

               Cash                                                                  $400

09/04      Accounts Payable                   $2000

                 Cash                                                                  $2000

10/04      Accounts Payable                   $600

             Cash                                                                       $600

11/04     Accounts payable                     $7000

            Cash                                                                          $7000

12/04    Salaries and wages Expense    $6400

             Cash                                                                           $6400

13/04   Cash                                           $12000

           Service Revenue                                                          $12000

14/04   Tax Expense                            $1500

             Cash                                                                             $1500

               

Journal entries are the entries that let the companies or firms record the daily transaction in the book in order to maintain the record of the transactions avoiding chaos in the calculation of the deficit and surplus.

A journal entry is an act of reporting or staying abreast of any economic or quasi-activity. An accounting journal records transactions and reflects an industry's card payment amounts. Each recording in the journal entry can be either a negative or a positive.

The journal entries have been attached below.

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The economic entity assumption states that economic events must be reported to the IASB. of different entities can be combined if all the entities are corporations. of every entity can be separately identified and accounted for. of a sole proprietorship cannot be distinguished from the personal economic events of its owners.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is that the every entity could be separately accounted as well as identified for.

Explanation:

The accounting guideline or the principle, which allows the accountant who keep the transactions of the sole proprietor of the business separate from the personal transactions of the owner, though the sole proprietorship is not legally separate from the owner.

So, the assumption of the economic entity, states or define that the every entity could be separately accounted as well as identified for or in short, it is that entity to kept separate from the owner activities.

Final answer:

The Economic Entity Assumption in accounting suggests that the financial activities of a business can be identified separately from the personal financial activities of its owners. This principle applies to all types of businesses, including sole proprietorships. It allows for better clarity and accuracy in the financial reporting of businesses.

Explanation:

The Economic Entity Assumption is a key principle in accounting that states that the activities of a business or other entity can be kept separate and distinct from the personal financial activities of its owners or other businesses. In other words, the financial transactions of a business are to be recorded separately from the personal transactions of the owner(s). This principle applies even in the case of a sole proprietorship, where the business may not be a separate legal entity from the owner.

So, in response to your question, the economic events of a sole proprietorship can absolutely be distinguished from the personal economic events of its owners. They are treated as separate entities for accounting purposes, irrespective of the legal structure of the business.

This assumption allows for more clarity and accuracy in financial reporting, as well as making the lives of business owners, accountants, and other stakeholders easier. It simplifies the process of analyzing the financial health and performance of a business by excluding irrelevant personal financial information.

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Judy has been having a very difficult time at work. Her supervisor is constantly making her work long hours and is usually very critical of her behavior. This constant negativity is taking a toll on Judy and she is starting to experience hatred toward her job. According to the theory of emotional regulation, Judy needs to do which of the following to control her spiraling emotions?a. Vent…letting it out clears the soul.b. Drink…a little alcohol count help her chill out.c. Dance…a hobby is always a good diversion.d. Curse…a few choice words will help.

Answers

Answer:

.c. Dance…a hobby is always a good diversion

Explanation:

In psychology, the term Emotional regulation refers to a person's ability to manage their emotions and respond adequately to them.

People always use different emotional regulation techniques, some of the ones experts recommend are: talking with friends, doing exercise, doing something you enjoy doing, writing, creating art.

On the other hand, psychologists don't recommend the use of drugs or alcohol, verbal or physical violence.

In this example, Judy has been having a very difficult time at work and this is taking a toll on Judy and she's starting to experience hatred toward her job. According to the theory of emotional regulation, we can see that, from the options given, the one that psychologists recommend is to do something you enjoy doing (a hobby) like dancing. Therefore, this is the right answer.

Handy Home sells windows and doors in the ratio of 8:2 (windows:doors). The selling price of each window is $200 and of each door is $500. The variable cost of a window is $125 and of a door is $350. Fixed costs are $900,000.
(1) Determine the selling price per composite unit.
(2) Determine the variable costs per composite unit.
(3) Determine the break-even point in composite units.
(4) Determine the number of units of each product that will be sold at the break-even point.

Answers

Answer:

Instructions are listed below.

Explanation:

Giving the following information:

The proportion of windowws= 0.8

The proportion of doors= 0.2

The selling price of each window is $200 and each door is $500. The variable cost of a window is $125 and of a door is $350. Fixed costs are $900,000.

1) To determine the composite price, we need to multiply the selling price of each product for the proportion of sales. Then sum them.

weighted average selling price= (selling price* weighted sales participation)

weighted average selling price= (0.8*200) + (0.2*500)= $260

2) We need to the same with the variable cost:

weighted average variable cost= (variable cost* weighted sales participation)

weighted average variable cost= (0.8*125) + (0.2*350)= $170

3) Break-even point (units)= Total fixed costs / (weighted average selling price - weighted average variable expense)

Break-even point (units)= 900,000/ (260 - 170)

Break-even point (units)= 10,000 units

4) To determine the number of units of each product, we need to multiply the break-even point in units for the proportion of sales:

Windows= 10,000*0.8= 8,000

Doors= 10,000*0.2= 2,000

The selling price per composite unit is $260, and the variable cost per composite unit is $170. The break-even point for Handy Home is 10,000 composite units. At this point, 8,000 windows and 2,000 doors will be sold.

Determining the selling price per composite unit, variable costs per composite unit, break-even point in composite units, and the number of units of each product that will be sold at the break-even point for Handy Home.

1. Selling Price per Composite Unit

Handy Home sells windows and doors in the ratio of 8:2. The selling price for each window is $200 and for each door is $500.

Total Revenue from Windows: 8 * 200 = $1600Total Revenue from Doors: 2 * 500 = $1000Total Revenue for Composite Unit: $1600 + $1000 = $2600Selling Price per Composite Unit: $2600 / 10 = $260

2. Variable Costs per Composite Unit

The variable cost for each window is $125 and for each door is $350.

Total Variable Cost from Windows: 8 * 125 = $1000Total Variable Cost from Doors: 2 * 350 = $700Total Variable Cost for Composite Unit: $1000 + $700 = $1700Variable Cost per Composite Unit: $1700 / 10 = $170

3. Break-Even Point in Composite Units

Fixed Costs: $900,000

Contribution Margin per Composite Unit: 260 - 170 = $90Break-Even Point in Composite Units: 900,000 / 90 = 10,000 units

4. Number of Units of Each Product Sold at the Break-Even Point

Windows: 10,000 * 8/10 = 8,000 unitsDoors: 10,000 * 2/10 = 2,000 units

Danny "Dimes" Donahue is a neighborhood’s 9-year-old entrepreneur. His most recent venture is selling homemade brownies that he bakes himself. At a price of $2.75 each, he sells 100. At a price of $2.25 each, he sells 300. Instructions: Round your answer to 1 decimal place. a. What is the elasticity of demand? . b. Is demand elastic or inelastic over this price range? . c. If demand had the same elasticity for a price decline from $2.25 to $1.75 as it does for the decline from $2.75 to $2.25, would cutting the price from $2.25 to $1.75 increase or decrease Danny’s total revenue? .

Answers

Answer:

To calculate the elasticity of demand, we need to use mid point elasticity theory.

According to mid point theory,

Ed = [(Q2 - Q1) / {(Q1 + Q2) / 2}] / [(P2 - P1) / {(P1 + P2) / 2}]

Where, Ed = Elasticity o demand

Q1 = Initial quantity = 100

Q2 = New Quantity = 300

P1 = Initial price = $2.75

P2 = New price = $2.25

Ed = [(300 - 100) / {(100 + 300) / 2}] / [(2.25 - 2.75) / {(2.75 + 2.25) / 2}]

Ed = - 5.

a. So, the elasticity of demand is - 5 or in absolute term 5.

b. As the value of elasticity is more than 1, that means, the elasticty over the price range in elastic.

c. From theory, we knew that, when the demand is elastic, then a decrease in price causes a increase in total revenue. Because, as the demand elasticity is elastic, so the increase in output is higher than decrease in price.

Total revenue will increase

The elasticity of demand is calculated as -5. The rise in output is greater than the drop in price because the demand elasticity is elastic.

Midpoint theory implies that

Ed is equal to [(Q2 - Q1)/(Q1 + Q2) / 2]. / [(P2 - P1) / {(P1 + P2) / 2}]

Where Ed = Demand's Elasticity

Q1 = 100 for the initial quantity

Q2 = 300, New Quantity

P1: The starting fee is $2.75.

P2: $2.25 is the new pricing.

Ed = [(300 - 100) / {(100 + 300) / 2}] / [(2.25 - 2.75) / {(2.75 + 2.25) / 2}]

Ed = - 5.

a. Accordingly, the demand elasticity is -5, or in absolute terms, 5.

b. Since the elasticity value is greater than 1, the elasticity throughout the price range is also greater.

c. According to theory, when demand is elastic, a drop in price results in an increase in overall income. The rise in output is greater than the drop in price because the demand elasticity is elastic.

The degree to which demand reacts to a change in an economic component is known as the elasticity of demand. The most prevalent economic component considered when calculating elasticity is price. Income level and the accessibility of substitutes are further considerations. Elasticity gauges how demand changes in response to shifting economic conditions.

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The Sunshine Company's manufacturing costs for the third quarter of 2015 were as follows: Direct materials and direct labor $600,000 Other variable manufacturing costs 100,000 Depreciation of factory building and manufacturing equipment 50,000 Sales Commissions 20,000 What amount should be considered product costs for external reporting purposes

Answers

Answer:

$750,000

Explanation:

Product costs are those costs that are incurred during production process, that is process of forming the product. It includes direct and indirect cost incurred during manufacturing.

Sales commission not however not considered part of product cost, but as part of operations expense. Commissions are paid to employees as incentive for driving sales, so it does not contribute to the product cost.

Product cost = Direct materials and direct labour+ Variable manufacturing costs+ Depreciation

Product cost = 600,000+ 100,000+ 50,000

Product cost= $750,000

When Resisto Systems, Inc., was formed, the company was authorized to issue 5,000 shares of $100 par value, 8 percent cumulative preferred stock, and 100,000 shares of $2 stated value common stock. Half of the preferred stock was issued at a price of $105 per share, and 60,000 shares of the common stock were sold for $11 per share. At the end of the current year, Resisto has retained earnings of $382,000. a. Prepare the stockholders’ equity section of the company’s balance sheet at the end of the current year.

Answers

Answer:

                               Resisto Systems

              Stockholder Equity As on MM DD, YYYY

Common Share paid-in Capital                                   $120,000

Preferred Shares paid-in Capital                                 $250,000

Additional paid-in capital above par Common           $540,000

Additional paid-in capital above par Preferred           $12,500

Retained Earning                                                          $382,000  

Total Stockholder Equity                                              $1,304,500

Explanation:

The stockholders' equity section is reported on the Equity and Liabilities section of the balance sheet. Equity and Liabilities section are equal to the total assets value on the balance sheet. The Stockholders Equity section is  consists of the capital from common and preferred shares and any additional paid-in capital over par value. Retained earnings is also a part of this section. The retained earnings is the net balance of opening retained earnings, net income earned during the period and dividends paid during the period.

Preferred share issued = 5,000 x 0.5 = 2,500

Common Share paid-in Capital = 60,000 x $2 = $120,000

Preferred Shares paid-in Capital = 2500 x $100 = $250,000

Additional paid-in capital above par Common = ( $11 - $2 ) x 60,000 = $540,000

Additional paid-in capital above par Preferred = ( $105 - $100 ) x 2,500 = $12,500

The College of Business is deciding between two photocopier options. The first is to lease a high-end machine for $8,400/year. The lease is all-inclusive so the only additional costs are the cost of paper, which is $0.01/sheet. The other option is to purchase a machine. The cost is $5,000 and the per sheet cost increases (toner, maintenance) to $0.02.

Which option is preferred if the annual copy volume is expected to be 270,000? b. What if the copy volume is reduced to 240,000? c. At what volume is the College indifferent between the two options?
What if the copy volume is reduced to 240,000?
At what volume is the College indifferent between the two options?

Answers

Answer:

At 270, 000 copies, option 2 is preferred

At 240, 000 copies, option 2 is preferred.

the college will be indifferent when the volume is 340, 000

Explanation:

When deciding which option to choose, the college of business need to consider that the cost is divided into two: fixed and variable costs.

Fixed costs: Fixed costs are the costs that do no change regardless of the number of copies that will be made. In this instance, fixed costs are the Lease value for option 1 and the cost price of the machine for the second option.

Variable Costs: Variable costs are the costs that will vary depending n the number of copies that will be made. In this instance, variable costs will be the total cost of making copies (per sheet cost x number of copies made)

Option 1: to lease the machine

Fixed cost = $8, 400

Variable cost (@270, 000 copies) = $0.01 x 270, 000 = $2, 700

Total cost = $11, 100

Option 2: to purchase the machine

Fixed cost = $5, 000

Variable cost (@270, 000 copies) = $0.02 x 270, 000 = $5, 400

Total cost = $10, 400

Between option 1 and Option 2, at 270, 000 copies, option 2 is preferred as it has a lesser cost.

Option 1: to lease the machine

Fixed cost = $8, 400

Variable cost (@240, 000 copies) = $0.01 x 240, 000 = $2, 400

Total cost = $10, 800

Option 2: to purchase the machine

Fixed cost = $5, 000

Variable cost (@240, 000 copies) = $0.02 x 240, 000 = $4, 800

Total cost = $9, 800

Between option 1 and Option 2, at 270, 000 copies, option 2 is preferred as it has a lesser total cost.

Now we need to determine at which volume will the college be indifferent between the two option, i.e. when the costs that will be incurred for Option 1 are equal to the costs that will be incurred for Option 2

$8, 400 + 0.01x = $5, 000 + 0.02x  

$8, 400 - $5, 000 = 0.02x – 0.01x

$3, 400 = 0.01x

$340, 000 = x

The college will be indifferent between the 2 options when the volume is 340, 000 copies.  

Proof:  

Option 1: $8, 400 + [0.01 x 340, 000] = $11, 800

Option 2: $5, 000 + [0.02 x 340, 000] = $11, 800

An optimizing consumer currently spends money on many goods. The last ticket to a baseball game she bought cost $15 and gave her 10 utils of satisfaction. If this same consumer spends $10 on a movie ticket and is still optimizing utility, how many utils will she receive from the purchase

Answers

Answer:

Number of utils that will be received from the purchase is 6.667 utils.

Explanation:

At Optimum:

Pa / Pb = MUa / MUb

Where;

Pa = Price of the baseball game = 15

Pb = Price of the movie ticket = 10

Now,

15/10 = 10/MUb

1.5 = 10/MUb

MUb = 6.667 utils

Thus, the number of utils that will be received from the purchase is 6.667 utils.

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