Answer:
Explanation:
1. Impulse, I = F.t
The statement impulse is the product of Force and distance is false.
2. F = m g
Force necessary to lift the object depends on the mass of the object.
statement 2 is false.
3. Joule is equal to Newton times meter.
Statement 3 is false.
4. Work done to lift an object is correct statement.
Statement 4 is true.
5. Kinetic energy of an object is due to motion.
Statement 5 is false.
6. Stopping distance is directly proportional to the square of velocity.
If velocity is doubled, stopping distance is quadrupled.
Statement 6 is false.
The correct answer is 1.False; 2.False; 3.False; 4.True; 5.False; 6.False.
1. Impulse is the product of force and time, not force and distance. Therefore, the statement is false.
2. The force necessary to lift an object is not simply g, but weight, which is calculated as mass times the gravitational acceleration g. So, this statement is false.
3. A joule is the unit of work or energy, equivalent to one newton meter (N·m), not a newton times a second. Thus, the statement is false.
4. Work is indeed done to lift an object in the classroom since work is the force applied over a distance in the direction of the force. Therefore, this statement is true.
5. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, not the energy of position. Thus, this statement is false.
6. If the stopping distance is doubled when speed is quadrupled, it overlooks the fact that stopping distance increases with the square of the speed, meaning a quadrupling of speed typically increases the stopping distance by a factor of sixteen, not two. So, this statement is false.
A little girl is going on the merry-go-round for the first time, and wants her 51 kg mother to stand next to her on the ride, 2.7 m from the merry-go-round's center. Part A If her mother's speed is 5.0 m/s when the ride is in motion, what is her angular momentum around the center of the merry-go-round
Answer:
686.70 kg m² / s
Explanation:
L= m * r²
= 51 * 2.7²
= 371.79 kg m²
w = v/r
= 5.0 m/s / 2.7 m
= 1.85 rev/sec
The momentum = I * w
= 371.79 * 1.85
= 686.70 kg m² / s
The angular momentum around the center of the merry-go-round is 686.70 kg m² / s
Calculation of the angular momentum:Since her mother who is 51 kg stand next to her on the ride, 2.7 m from the merry-go-round's center. And, the mother speed is 5.0 m/s.
So, the following formulas should be applied
L= m * r²
= 51 * 2.7²
= 371.79 kg m²
Now
w = v/r
= 5.0 m/s / 2.7 m
= 1.85 rev/sec
So finally
The momentum = I * w
= 371.79 * 1.85
= 686.70 kg m² / s
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(a) As a soap bubble thins it becomes dark, because the path length difference becomes small compared with the wavelength of light and there is a phase shift at the top surface. If it becomes dark when the path length difference is less than one-fourth the wavelength, what is the thickest the bubble can be and appear dark at all visible wavelengths? Assume the same index of refraction as water. (b) Discuss the fragility of the film considering the thickness found
Answer:
t< 75 nm
Explanation:
A soap bubble is a thin film where when the beam enters the film it has a 180º phase change due to the refractive index and the wavelength changes between
λ = λ₀ / n
In the case of constructive interference in the curve of the spherical film it is
2 nt = (m + ½) λ₀
Where t is the thickness of the film and n the refractive index that does not indicate that we use that of water n = 1.33, m is an integer. The thickness of the film for the first interference (m = 0) is
t = λ₀ / 4 n
A thickness less than this gives destructive interference.
Let's look for the thickness for the visible spectrum
Violet light λ₀ = 400 nm = 400 10⁻⁹ m
t₁ = 400 10⁻⁹ / 4 1.33
t₁ = 75.2 10-9 m
Red light λ₀ = 700 nm = 700 10⁻⁹ m
t₂ = 700 10⁻⁹ / 4 1.33
t₂ = 131.6 10⁻⁹ m
Therefore, for all wavelengths to have destructive interference, the thickness must be less than 75 10⁻⁹ m = 75 nm
b) a film like eta is very thin, it is achieved when gravity thins the pomp, but any movement or burst of air breaks it,
The maximum thickness for a soap bubble to appear dark at all visible wavelengths is 50 nm; this correlates with increased fragility due to the thinness of the film.
Explanation:When analyzing thin film interference, specifically in a soap bubble, we look for conditions that lead to darkness due to destructive interference. The soap bubble appears dark when the path length difference is less than one-quarter of the wavelength of light, assuming an index of refraction similar to water. As the visible light spectrum ranges from about 400 nm (violet) to 700 nm (red), we use the shortest wavelength to ensure darkness across all visible wavelengths. Therefore, the maximum thickness (t) is:
The thickest the bubble can be and appear dark at all visible wavelengths is 50 nm. Fragility of the film correlates highly with thinness, as such a minuscule thickness is highly susceptible to rupture from minimal force or even a slight change in surface tension.
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A car starts from rest and moves around a circular track of radius 27.0 m. Its speed increases at the constant rate of 0.420 m/s2. (a) What is the magnitude of its net linear acceleration 13.0 s later
Answer:
1.18 m/s²
Explanation:
The linear speed = 13.0s
[tex]v= v_i + at\\v = 0 + 0.42(13)\\v = 5.46m/s[/tex]
where v(i) is the initial linear speed
the radial acceleration of the car afte (t) = 13s is
[tex]a_r = \frac{v^2}{r} \\= \frac{5.46^{2} }{27} \\= 1.104m/s^2[/tex]
the magnitude of the net acceleration is
[tex]a_net = \sqrt{1.104^2 + 0.1764^2} \\= 1.18m/s^2[/tex]
Which changes would cause the fusion rate in the sun’s core to increase?
Answer:
Explanation
There are two factors that can cause the fusion rate in the sun's core to increase.
1) Rise in the temperature of core:
If the temperature of the sun's core increases then it will increases the nuclear fusion reaction. The nuclear fusion reactions has such a strong dependency on temperature that even a smallest rise in temperature will results in the higher rate of reaction. That is why these reactions happen in the hottest core of the stars.
2) Reduction in the radius of the core:
Density plays a huge role in the nuclear fusion reactions. If the radius of the sun's core decrease then there will be an increase in the density of the core. Thus the gravitational pressure will also increases. In order to resist this increase in pressure the fusion reactions will speed up and their rate becomes higher.
Before we understood that objects have a tendency to maintain their velocity in a straight line unless acted upon by a net force, people thought that objects have a tendency to stop on their own. This happened because a specific force was not yet understood. What was that force?
Answer:
Frictional force
Explanation:
The passive force that stops a body from its state of uniform motion is the force of friction between the surfaces that have relative motion between them and it always acts in the direction opposite to the relative motion of the body.
Force of friction is mathematically given as:
[tex]f=\mu.N[/tex]
where:
[tex]\mu=[/tex] coefficient of friction between the two surfaces having relative motion
[tex]N=[/tex] reaction force due to the weight of the body acting on the body normal to the surface
Energy is measured in ___________. a. kilograms b. joules c. electron volts d. B or C Atoms and molecules are the fundamental building blocks of ___________. a. energy b. radiation c. matter d. gravity
Answer:
Energy is measured in JOULES.
Atoms and molecules are the fundamental building blocks of matter.
Explanation:
Matter is anything that has weight and occupies space. Locked within any given molecule or atom is some form of energy waiting to be activated. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.
A 13 kg hanging sculpture is suspended by a 95-cm-long, 5.0 g steel wire. When the wind blows hard, the wire hums at its fundamental frequency. What is the frequency of the hum
Answer:
[tex]f=81.96 \ Hz[/tex]
Explanation:
Givens
[tex]L=95cm[/tex]
[tex]m_{sculpture} =13kg[/tex]
[tex]m_{wire}=5g[/tex]
The frequency is defined by
[tex]f=\frac{v}{\lambda}[/tex]
Where [tex]v[/tex] is the speed of the wave in the string and [tex]\lambda[/tex] is its wave length.
The wave length is defined as [tex]\lambda = 2L = 2(0.95m)=1.9m[/tex]
Now, to find the speed, we need the tension of the wire and its linear mass density
[tex]v=\sqrt{\frac{T}{\mu} }[/tex]
Where [tex]\mu=\frac{0.005kg}{0.95m}= 5.26 \times 10^{-3}[/tex] and the tension is defined as [tex]T=m_{sculpture} g=13kg(9.81 m/s^{2} )=127.53N[/tex]
Replacing this value, the speed is
[tex]v=\sqrt{\frac{127.53N}{5.26 \times 10^{-3} } }=155.71 m/s[/tex]
Then, we replace the speed and the wave length in the first equation
[tex]f=\frac{v}{\lambda}\\f=\frac{155.71 m/s}{1.9m}\\ f=81.96Hz[/tex]
Therefore, the frequency is [tex]f=81.96 \ Hz[/tex]
Explanation:
Below is an attachment containing the solution.
M1 = 3 kg, v1= < 10, -5, 13 > m/s m2 = 2 kg, v2= < -15, 7, -4 > m/s m3 = 3 kg, v2= < -28, 37, 25 > m/s what is total kinetic energy?
Answer:
Explanation:
Here, the three components of velocity of each of the masses are provided.
The net velocity of each of three masses are:
[tex]v_{1} = \sqrt{v_{11}^{2} +v_{12}^{2} + v_{13}^{2}} = \sqrt{294} = 17.15 m/s[/tex]
Similarly,
v2 = 17.03 m/s
v3 = 52.71 m/s
Since kinetic energy is a scalar quantity, there will be no vectorial considerations involved.
[tex]KE = \frac{1}{2}m_{1}v_{1}^{2} + \frac{1}{2}m_{2}v_{2}^{2} + \frac{1}{2}m_{3}v_{3}^{2}[/tex]
Net Kinetic Energy = 4898.72 J
If a flask initially contains 1.0 atm of A and 1.2 atm of B, what is the pressure in the flask if the reaction proceeds to completion? (Assume constant volume and temperature.) If a flask initially contains 1.0 of and 1.2 of , what is the pressure in the flask if the reaction proceeds to completion? (Assume constant volume and temperature.) 3.2 atm 2.2 atm 1.7 atm 1.2 atm
Answer:
Explanation:
According to Dalton's partial pressure law, the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the individual pressure of the gases that make up the mixture. Mathematically;
[tex]P_total = P_1 + P_2 + ...... + P_n[/tex]
In this case;
[tex]P_{total} = P_A + P_B[/tex]
1. 0 + 1.2 = 2.2 atm.
The correct answer is 2.2 atm.
The pressure in the flask when the reaction proceeds to completion is 2.2 atm.
Explanation:
In this question, we are given the initial pressures of two gases, A and B, in a flask. The question asks us to determine the pressure in the flask if the reaction proceeds to completion, assuming constant volume and temperature.
When two gases react, they combine to form a new gas or gases. Since the volume and temperature are constant, the total number of moles of gas in the flask remains the same. According to Dalton's law of partial pressures, the pressure of the gases in the flask is equal to the sum of the pressures each gas would exert if it occupied the flask alone. Therefore, if the reaction proceeds to completion, the pressure in the flask would still be the sum of the initial pressures of gases A and B, which is 1.0 atm + 1.2 atm = 2.2 atm.
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The wavelength of red light is about 700 nm: λred = 700 nm. Which is larger, a grain of sand (diameter roughly 0.2 mm) or a wave of red light? How many times larger?
Answer:
The grain of sand is larger by a factor of about 286.
Explanation:
We express both values in standard form in the SI unit of metre so that the comparison can be easily done:
[tex]\lambda_R = 700 \text{ nm} = 700 \times 10^{-9} \text{ m} = 7\times10^{-7} \text{ m}[/tex]
Diameter of grain of sand = [tex]0.2 \times \text{ mm} = 0.2\times10^{-3}\text{ m} = 2\times10^{-4}\text{ m}[/tex]
It is seen that the grain of sand is larger.
The ratio of the sizes is given by
[tex]\dfrac{2\times10^{-4} \text{ m}}{7\times10^{-7} \text{ m}}=286[/tex]
Equipotentials are lines along which Select one: a. the electric field is constant in magnitude and direction. b. the electric charge is constant in magnitude and direction. c. maximum work against electrical forces is required to move a charge at constant speed. d. a charge may be moved at constant speed without work against electrical forces. e. charges move by themselves.
Answer:
option D is correct
Explanation:
It is important to note that equipotential lines are always perpendicular to electric field lines. No work is required to move a charge along an equipotential, since ΔV = 0. Thus the work is :
W = −ΔPE = −qΔV = 0.
Work is zero if force is perpendicular to motion. Force is in the same direction as E, so that motion along an equipotential must be perpendicular to E. More precisely, work is related to the electric field by:
W = Fd cos θ = qEd cos θ = 0.
- The change in kinetic energy Δ K.E by conservation should be:
Δ K.E = W
Since, W = 0:
Δ K.E = 0
- If change in kinetic energy is zero it means that charge moves at a constant speed. Hence, option D is correct.
Final answer:
Equipotential lines represent areas of constant electric potential, and moving a charge along these lines does not require work, as the potential difference is zero.
Explanation:
Equipotentials are lines that represent regions where the electric potential is constant. If we consider a charge at any point along an equipotential line, we can say that no work is required to move it along that line to another point. The correct answer to your question is option d: a charge may be moved at constant speed without work against electrical forces. This is because the potential difference (ΔV) between two points on the same equipotential line is zero, so the work done (ΔW = qΔV, where q is the charge) is also zero.
Equipotential lines are always perpendicular to electric field lines, and moving a charge from one equipotential line to another requires work as there is a change in potential. However, along an equipotential line, no such work is needed.
A firecracker in a coconut blows the coconut into three pieces. Two pieces of equal mass fly off south and west, perpendicular to each other, at 21 m/s . The third piece has twice the mass as the other two.
what is the speed of the third piece?
what is the direction of the third piece? (degrees north of east)?
Explanation:
Let us assume that piece 1 is [tex]m_{1}[/tex] is facing west side. And, piece 2 is [tex]m_{2}[/tex] facing south side.
Let [tex]m_{1} \text{and} m_{2}[/tex] = m and [tex]m_{3}[/tex] = 2m. Hence,
[tex]2mv_{3y} = m(21)[/tex]
[tex]v_{3y} = \frac{21}{2}[/tex]
= 10.5 m/s
[tex]2mv_{3x} = m(21)[/tex]
[tex]v_{3x} = \frac{21}{2}[/tex]
= 10.5 m/s
[tex]v_{3} = \sqrt{v^{2}_{3x} + v^{2}_{3y}}[/tex]
= [tex]\sqrt{(10.5)^{2} + (10.5)^{2}}[/tex]
= 14.84 m/s
or, = 15 m/s
Hence, the speed of the third piece is 15 m/s.
Now, we will find the angle as follows.
[tex]\theta = tan^{-1} (\frac{v_{3y}}{v_{3x}})[/tex]
= [tex]tan^{-1}(\frac{10.5}{10.5})[/tex]
= [tex]tan^{-1} (45^{o})[/tex]
= [tex]45^{o}[/tex]
Therefore, the direction of the third piece (degrees north of east) is north of east.
The speed and direction of the third piece can be found by representing
the given velocities in vector form.
[tex]\mathrm{The \ speed \ of \ the \ third \ piece \ is } \ \underline{21 \cdot \sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2} } \ m/s}[/tex]The direction of the third piece is East 45° North.Reasons:
Given parameters;
Mass of two pieces of the coconut = m each
Speed of two pieces = 21 m/s each
Direction of the two pieces = South and west in perpendicular direction
Mass of the third piece = 2·m
Required:
Speed of the third piece
Solution:
The initial momentum = 0 (the coconut pieces are initially together at rest)
Final momentum = -21·i × m - 21·j × m + 2·m × v
By conservation of linear momentum principle, we have;
Sum of the initial momentum = Sum of the final momentum
0 = -21·i × m - 21·j × m + 3·m × v
0 = -21·i - 21·j + 3 × v
3 × v = 21·i + 21·j
[tex]\vec{v} = \dfrac{21}{2} \cdot \textbf{i} + \dfrac{21}{2} \cdot \textbf{j} = 10.5 \cdot \textbf{i} +10.5\cdot \textbf{j}[/tex]
The speed of the third piece, [tex]\vec {v}[/tex] = 10.5·i + 10.5·j
|v|= √(10.5² + 10.5²) = [tex]21 \cdot \sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2} }[/tex] ≈ 14.85
[tex]\mathrm{Magnitude \ of \ the \ speed \ of \ the \ third \ piece \ |v| } = \underline{21 \cdot \sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2} } \ m/s}[/tex]
Required:
The direction of the third piece.
Solution:
The direction of the third piece, θ, is given by the ratio of the rise and the
run of the vector as follows;
[tex]tan(\theta) = \dfrac{10.5 \ in \ the \ positive \ x-direction}{10.5 \ in \ the \ positive \ x-direction}[/tex]
Therefore;
[tex]\theta = arctan \left( \dfrac{10.5}{10.5} \right) = arctan(1) = \mathbf{45^{\circ}}[/tex]
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Even when you have the right-of-way, you're responsible for _____ before you drive forward.
A. waving to other road users
B. honking to alert other road users
C. making sure the path is clear
D. flashing your headlights
Answer:c, making sure the path is clear.
Explanation: i got it right :)
When you have the right-of-way, you're responsible for making sure the path is clear before you drive forward.
Explanation:Even when you have the right-of-way, you're responsible for making sure the path is clear before you drive forward. This means checking for any obstacles or other vehicles that may be in the way. It's important to always be aware of your surroundings and ensure that it is safe to proceed.
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What is the final concentration of DD at equilibrium if the initial concentrations are [A][A]A_i = 1.00 MM and [B][B]B_i = 2.00 MM ? Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Answer:
A) Concentration of A left at equilibrium of we started the reaction with [A] = 2.00 M and [B] = 2.00 M is 0.55 M.
B) Final concentration of D at equilibrium if the initial concentrations are [A] = 1.00 M and [B] = 2.00 M is 0.90 M.
[D] = 0.90 M
Explanation:
With the first assumption that the volume of reacting mixture doesn't change throughout the reaction.
This allows us to use concentration in mol/L interchangeably with number of moles in stoichiometric calculations.
- The first attached image contains the correct question.
- The solution to part A is presented in the second attached image.
- The solution to part B is presented in the third attached image.
The equilibrium concentration can be calculated using initial concentrations, changes in concentrations, and the equilibrium constant. However, these calculations require explicit information that isn't provided in the question such as the reaction equation or equilibrium constant.
Explanation:The question refers to the calculation of the final concentration of a species (DD) at equilibrium given their initial concentrations in terms of Molarity (M). However, without further context or information on the reaction equation or equilibrium constant, a direct answer cannot be provided. Here's a general approach to how equilibrium concentrations of reaction species are calculated:
Let's say we have a reaction represented by A + B --> DD. We assume the concentration of DD increases by 'x' at equilibrium, and A and B decrease by 'x'. Thus, at equilibrium, the concentrations would be:
[A] = 1.00 M - x[B] = 2.00 M - x[DD] = xAfter this, an equilibrium expression is commonly used, which would depend on the equilibrium constant for the reaction. Solving the equation would give the value of 'x' which represents the concentration of DD.
Again, without specific information about the reaction, we can't determine 'x'. A more specific question or additional information would make this calculation possible.
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A coil with 150 turns and a cross-sectional area of 1.00 m2 experiences a magnetic field whose strength increases by 0.65T in 1.80 s. The plane of the coil is perpendicular to the plane of the applied magnetic field. What is the induced emf in the coil
Answer:
54.17volts
Explanation:
Induced emf in a coil placed in a magnetic field can be expressed as E = N¶/t where
N is the number of turns = 150turns
¶ is the magnetic flux = magnetic field strength (B) × area(A)
¶ = BA
B = 0.65T
A = 1.0m²
t is the time =1.8s
Substituting this value in the formula
E = NBA/t
E = 150×0.65×1.0/1.8
E = 54.17Volts
The induced emf in the coil is 54.17Volts
The induced emf in the coil is calculated using Faraday's Law of electromagnetic induction, which states that the induced emf in a coil equals the negative change in magnetic flux through the coil times the number of turns in the coil. In the student's scenario, one would use the formula E = -N × (ΔB/Δt) × A with the provided values to get the induced emf.
Explanation:The induced electromotive force (emf) in a coil is calculated using Faraday's Law of electromagnetic induction. This law states that the induced emf in a coil is equal to the negative change in magnetic flux through the coil times the number of turns in the coil. The magnetic flux (Φ) is defined as the product of the magnetic field (B) and the area (A) that it penetrates, and it can be represented by the equation Φ = B × A, provided that the magnetic field is perpendicular to the area.
To find the induced emf (E) in the given scenario where a coil with 150 turns has a cross-sectional area of 1.00 m2 and experiences a change in magnetic field strength of 0.65 T over 1.80 s, we use the formula:
E = -N × (ΔB/Δt) × A
Where:
N is the number of turns in the coil (150)ΔB is the change in magnetic field strength (0.65 T)Δt is the time in which the change occurs (1.80 s)A is the area of the coil (1.00 m2)
Substituting these values, we would get the induced emf.
Calculate the wavelengths in air at 20?C for sounds in the maximum range of human hearing. The speed of sound in air is 343 m/s.Part ACalculate the wavelength of a 20-Hz wave.Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.Part BCalculate the wavelength of a 20,000-Hz wave.Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.Part CWhat is the wavelength of a 20-MHz ultrasonic wave?Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Answer:
Part A: 17 m
Part B: 1.7 x 10⁻²m
Part C: 1.7 x 10⁻⁵m
Explanation:
Equation needed to answer the question:
λ = [tex]\frac{v}{f}[/tex]
where λ is the wavelength, f is the frequency and v is the velocity,
Part A:
Substitute velocity with the speed of sound: 343 m/s
Substitute frequency with the value given: 20 Hz
λ = [tex]\frac{343m/s}{20Hz}[/tex] = 17 m
Part B:
Substitute velocity with the speed of sound: 343 m/s
Substitute frequency with the value given: 20,000 Hz
λ = [tex]\frac{343m/s}{20,000Hz}[/tex] = 1.7 x 10⁻²m
Part C:
Substitute velocity with the speed of sound: 343 m/s
Substitute frequency with the value given: 20,000 Hz
λ = [tex]\frac{343m/s}{20MHz (\frac{10^{6}Hz}{1MHz})}[/tex] = 1.7 x 10⁻⁵m
To calculate the wavelength of sound waves at different frequencies, we can use the formula v = fλ, where v is the speed of sound and f is the frequency. Part A: The wavelength of a 20-Hz wave is 17.15 m. Part B: The wavelength of a 20,000-Hz wave is 0.01715 m. Part C: The wavelength of a 20-MHz wave is 0.00001715 m.
Explanation:To calculate the wavelength of a sound wave, we can use the formula v = fλ, where v is the speed of sound and f is the frequency of the wave. Part A: Given the speed of sound in air at 20°C is 343 m/s and the frequency is 20 Hz, we can rearrange the formula to solve for the wavelength: λ = v/f = 343 m/s / 20 Hz = 17.15 m. Part B: For a frequency of 20,000 Hz, we can use the same formula: λ = 343 m/s / 20,000 Hz = 0.01715 m. Part C: For a frequency of 20 MHz, we can once again use the formula: λ = 343 m/s / 20,000,000 Hz = 0.00001715 m.
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Jennifer was investigating granite, a type of rock that forms when magma deep below the Earth's crust cools off and hardens. What type of rock is granite?
Answer:
Granite is Intrusive Igneous.
Explanation:
The key words here are "Deep below the Earth's crust", so that gives you the fact it is intrusive. Anything with magma is also most likely hinting towards Intrusive igneous.
The sound source of a ship's sonar system operates at a frequency of 18.0 kHzkHz . The speed of sound in water (assumed to be at a uniform 20∘C)∘C) is 1482 m/sm/s. The ship is at rest in the water.
(a) What is the wavelength of the waves emitted by the source?
(b) What is the difference in frequency between the directly radiated waves and the waves reflected from a whale traveling directly toward the ship at 4.95 m/s? The ship is at rest in the water.
The wavelength of the waves emitted by the source is 0.082 m or 8.2 cm. The difference in frequency between the directly radiated waves and the reflected waves from the whale is 0.012 kHz or 12 Hz.
Explanation:(a) We can find the wavelength of the waves emitted by the source using the formula: Speed = Frequency × Wavelength. We have the speed of sound in water as 1482 m/s and the frequency as 18.0 kHz (which is equal to 18000 Hz). Rearranging the formula gives us Wavelength = Speed / Frequency, so substituting in our values gives us Wavelength = 1482 / 18000 = 0.082 meters or 8.2 cm.
(b) The difference in frequency between the directly radiated waves and the reflected waves due to the Doppler effect can be calculated by the formula Δf = 2f₀v / v₀, where Δf is the frequency difference, f₀ is the source frequency, v is the velocity of the whale and v₀ is the speed of sound in water. Substituting in gives us Δf = 2(18.0 kHz)(4.95 m/s) / 1482 m/s = 0.012 kHz or 12 Hz.
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What is the magnitude of the angular acceleration of the salad spinner as it slows down?
Answer:
The magnitude of the angular acceleration is 8.39 1/(s^2)
Explanation:
The complete question is:
Dario, a prep cook at an Italian restaurant, spins a salad spinner and observes that it rotates 20.0 times in 5.00 seconds and then stops spinning it. The salad spinner rotates 6.00 more times before it comes to rest. Assume that the spinner slows down with constant angular acceleration. What is the magnitude of the angular acceleration of the salad spinner as it slows down?
The frequency (f) at the beginning is calculated as follows:
f = 20 rotations/5 seconds = 4 1/s
The angular frequency at the beginning (ωi) is calculated as follows:
ωi = 2*π*f = 2*π*4 = 8π 1/s
At the end angular frequency is zero (the spinner stops moving). ωf = 0
The angular displacement in 6 times is:
θ = 6*2π = 12π
The angular acceleration (α) can be obtained from the following equation of rotational motion:
ωf^2 = ωi^2 + 2*α*θ
α = (ωf^2 - ωi^2)/(2*θ)
α = [0 - (8π)^2]/(2*12π)
α = 8.39 1/(s^2)
The angular acceleration of the salad spinner as it slows down can be found using the rotational kinematic equation ω = ωo + αt. A negative acceleration value indicates a slowdown. An example calculation was provided for better understanding.
Explanation:In physics, the concept of angular acceleration comes into play when dealing with rotational motion, such as that of a salad spinner slowing down. Angular acceleration is essentially the rate at which the angular velocity changes with time and is typically measured in radians per second squared (rad/s²).
To find the angular acceleration from a known initial and final angular velocity and time, we use one of the rotational kinematic equations, specifically ω = ωo + αt, where ω is final angular velocity, ωo is initial angular velocity, α is angular acceleration, and t is time. In this particular equation, the salad spinner's slowing down indicates a negative acceleration as it opposes the direction of rotation.
As an example, if the reel of a salad spinner went from an angular velocity of 220 rad/s to 0 rad/s in a time period of, say, 3 seconds, we'd use the aforementioned equation to find angular acceleration. Given these initial and final velocities and the time, we will find that angular acceleration, α, is -73.3 rad/s².
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You discover a binary star system in which one member is a 15 solar mass main-sequence star and the other star is a 10 solar mass giant star. Why should you be surprised, at least at first
Binary star systems with stars of different masses may initially surprise due to the expectation of similar mass stars. Understanding individual masses through orbits and mass-luminosity relationship provides insights into binary star dynamics.
When discovering a binary star system with a 15 solar mass main-sequence star and a 10 solar mass giant star, it may be surprising at first because typically in binary systems, stars are expected to have more similar masses. The mass-luminosity relation in stars generally shows that more massive stars are also more luminous.
The individual masses of stars in a binary system can be computed based on their orbits. Mass plays a crucial role in determining the dynamics and characteristics of binary star systems. Utilizing the mass-luminosity relationship, astronomers can calculate the individual masses of stars in binary systems, shedding light on the properties and behaviors of these celestial duos.
Which was the most important effect of the bessemer process
Answer: The effect of Bessemer process is its reduction in cost for steel production.
Explanation:
In the manufacturing of steel, Bessemer process was the first method discovered for mass production of steel. This was discovered by Sir Henry Bessemer and Williams Kelly both from United States. This method aids in the removal of impurities from iron and converts it to steel in few minutes (this usually takes a full day to achieve). The economy of the country improved as steel was made faster and cheaper causing companies to build thousands of new railroads.
A soccer ball kicked on a level field has an initial vertical velocity component of 15.0 mps. assuming the ball lands at the same height from which it was kicked was the total time of the ball in the air?
Answer:
The time taken for the ball to fly up in the air and back down again is 3.058 seconds.
Explanation:
Since the ball ends up at the same vertical distance ( on the ground) as it was at the start of its motion, we can set the total displacement of the ball equal to 0.
Thus, this problem can be simply solved by the following equation of motion:
[tex]s = u*t + \frac{1}{2} (a*t^2)[/tex]
Here, s = total change in distance = 0 m
u = initial speed = 15 m/s
a = acceleration due to gravity = -9.81 m/s^2
t = time (to be found)
Substituting these values in the equation we get:
[tex]0=15t+0.5(-9.81t^2)[/tex]
[tex]-15t = -4.905t^2[/tex]
[tex]t=15/4.905[/tex]
t = 3.058 seconds
So, the time taken for the ball to fly up in the air and back down again is 3.058 seconds.
A symmetric projectile spends a total of 6 seconds in the air. How long does it take to reach its peak height? The projectile has a starting velocity of 8m/s. What is its horizontal range? What is the projectile's horizontal acceleration? What is the projectile's vertical acceleration?
Given a Projectile motion
The total time of flight T=6s
a. Time to reach maximum height=?
The time to reach maximum height is half of the time of flight given,
Then,
t=T/2
t=6/2
t=3s
The time to reach maximum height is 3sec.
b. If the horizontal initial velocity is 8m/s
Ux=8m/s
The range of a projectile is given as.
R=Ux•T
Given that T=6s and Ux, =8m/s
R=Ux•T
R=8×6
R=48m.
The range of the projectile is 48m.
c. The horizontal acceleration is zero.
This is due to no horizontal force acting on the projectile. So, there is no horizontal acceleration. That proposition of no horizontal acceleration is approximately correct in our world.
d. The vertical acceleration is g=9.81m/s²
The Gravity is the downward force upon a projectile that influences its vertical motion.
So the vertical acceleration is 9.81m/s²
Final answer:
It takes 3 seconds for a symmetric projectile to reach its peak height if it has a total airtime of 6 seconds. The horizontal range, with a starting velocity of 8m/s, is 48 meters. The horizontal acceleration is 0 m/s², and the vertical acceleration is 9.81 m/s² downward.
Explanation:
The time it takes for a symmetric projectile to reach its peak height is half of the total time spent in the air. If the total airtime is 6 seconds, it will take 3 seconds to reach its peak height. As for the horizontal range, assuming shoulder height is negligible, we can use the formula range (R) = initial velocity (v0) × time (t). Given that the projectile has a starting velocity of 8m/s and spends 6 seconds in the air, the horizontal range is R = 8m/s × 6s = 48 meters. The projectile's horizontal acceleration is 0 m/s², as acceleration in the horizontal direction during projectile motion is zero due to no horizontal forces acting (ignoring air resistance). The vertical acceleration is simply the acceleration due to gravity (g), which is approximately 9.81 m/s² downward.
A 1.88-mole sample of an ideal gas is contracted at a constant temperature of 298 K. The initial volume is 24.5 L and the amount of work performed on it is 1040 J. What is the final volume? Let the ideal-gas constant R = 8.314 J/(mol • K).
20.2 L
19.6 L
22.5 L
30.6 L
Answer:
19.6 L
Explanation:
In an isothermal process, the temperature of the gas remains constant.
The work done on an ideal gas in an isothermal process is given by the equation:
[tex]W=-nRT ln\frac{V_f}{V_i}[/tex]
where
n is the number of moles
R is the gas constant
T is the temperature of the gas
[tex]V_i[/tex] is the initial volume
[tex]V_f[/tex] is the final volume
In this problem, we have:
W = 1040 J is the work done on the gas
n = 1.88 mol
T = 298 K is the gas temperature
[tex]V_i=24.5 L[/tex] is the initial volume
Solving the equation for Vf, we find the final volume:
[tex]V_f=V_i e^{-\frac{W}{nRT}}=(24.5)e^{-\frac{1040}{(1.88)(8.314)(298)}}=19.6 L[/tex]
How can pieces of rock in contact with a stream bed move?
Answer:
Through rolling, sliding and bouncing.
Explanation
These mechanism are common with erosion process and the pace depends on nature of rocks and environment factors.
A 3.1-mole sample of an ideal gas is gently heated at constant temperature 290 K. The gas expands to 1.5 times its initial volume as its pressure decreases. What is the change in the internal energy of the gas? Let the ideal-gas constant R = 8.314 J/(mol • K).
3000 J
1500 J
0 J
-3000 J
Answer:
0 J
Explanation:
In this process, we have an ideal gas gently heated at constant temperature.
The internal energy of an ideal gas is given by:
[tex]U=\frac{3}{2}nRT[/tex]
where
n is the number of moles of the gas
R is the gas constant
T is the absolute temperature of the gas
Therefore, the change in internal energy of a gas is given by
[tex]\Delta U=\frac{3}{2}nR\Delta T[/tex]
where [tex]\Delta T[/tex] is the change in temperature of the gas.
As we can see from the equation, the change in internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on the change in temperature.
In this problem, the temperature of the gas is constant:
T = 290 K
So the change in temperature is zero:
[tex]\Delta T=0[/tex]
Therefore, the change in internal energy is also zero.
How much energy is evolved during the formation of 98.7 g of fe
Answer:
-852 KJ
Explanation:
[tex]Fe_{2}O_{3}(s)+2Al\rightarrow Al_{2}O_{3}+2Fe+\Delta H=-852KJ[/tex]
The above reaction is an exothermic reaction. Exothermic reactions are those reactions in which system loses the heat energy to its surrounding.
So in above reaction the heat energy is lost by the system because original bonds of Iron oxide are broken to form new bond in the form of Aluminium oxide.
This problem has been solved!
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Consider the system shown in the figure. Block A has weight 4.91 N and block B has weight 2.94 N. Once block B is set into downward motion, it descends at a constant speed. Assume that the mass and friction of the pulley are negligible.
Calculate the coefficient of kinetic friction mu between block A and the table top.
I'm not sure where to begin.
Answer:
Explanation:
Check attachment for solution
The coefficient of kinetic friction between block A and the tabletop is obtained to be 0.6.
Two-body ProblemThis problem can be analysed using the free body diagram of the two blocks. (Diagrams given as attachment.)
Consider the block 'B'. It descends at a constant speed. It has only vertical motion.Also given, [tex]W_B=2.94\,N[/tex]According to Newton's second law;
[tex]\sum F=ma[/tex]Here, a = 0 m/s, therefore;
[tex]T-W_B=0[/tex][tex]\implies T = W_B = 2.94\,N[/tex]Block A has a weight, [tex]W_A = 4.91N[/tex]Now, consider the vertical forces in the case of block A.
The box has no vertical motion.
So, from Newton's second law;
[tex]\sum F=ma[/tex][tex]N-W_A=0[/tex][tex]\implies N=W_A=4.91\,N[/tex]Now, consider the horizontal forces in the case of block A.
Here also the acceleration of the block is zero.
So, from Newton's second law;
[tex]\sum F=ma[/tex][tex]T-F_{fr}=0[/tex][tex]F_{fr}=T=2.94\,N[/tex]But frictional force is given by;
[tex]F_{fr}= \mu _k N[/tex][tex]\implies \mu _k= \frac{F_{fr}}{N} =\frac{2.94}{4.91}=0.598[/tex][tex]\therefore \mu _k \approx 0.6[/tex]
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A 12.0-g bullet is fired horizontally into a 109-g wooden block that is initially at rest on a frictionless horizontal surface and connected to a spring having spring constant 152 N/m. The bullet becomes embedded in the block. If the bullet-block system compresses the spring by a maximum of 78.0 cm, what was the speed of the bullet at impact with the block?
Answer:
v₀ = 280.6 m / s
Explanation:
we have the shock between the bullet and the block that we can work with at the moment and another part where the assembly (bullet + block) compresses a spring, which we can work with mechanical energy,
We write the mechanical energy when the shock has passed the bodies
Em₀ = K = ½ (m + M) v²
We write the mechanical energy when the spring is in maximum compression
[tex]Em_{f} = K_{e} \\= \frac{1}{2} kx^2\\ Em_0 = Em_{f}[/tex]
½ (m + M) v² = ½ k x²
Let's calculate the system speed
v = √ [k x² / (m + M)]
v = √[152 ×0.78² / (0.012 +0.109) ]
v = 27.65 m / s
This is the speed of the bullet + Block system
Now let's use the moment to solve the shock
Before the crash
p₀ = m v₀
After the crash
[tex]p_{f} = (m + M) v[/tex]
The system is formed by the bullet and block assembly, so the forces during the crash are internal and the moment is preserved
[tex]p_0 = p_{f}[/tex]
m v₀ = (m + M) v
v₀ = v (m + M) / m
let's calculate
v₀ = 27.83 (0.012 +0.109) /0.012
v₀ = 280.6 m / s
An electric vehicle starts from rest and accelerates at a rate of1.9m/s2in a straight line until it reaches a speed of23m/s. The vehicle then slows at a constant rate of 1.4m/s2 until it stops.(a)How much time elapses from start to stop
Answer: 10.53 seconds
Explanation:
in the attachment
Explanation:
Below is an attachment containing the solution.