[03.04]Based on the electronegativity values shown in the table below, which element would you expect to form a nonpolar covalent compound when combined with chlorine (Cl)? Pauling scale periodic table showing Cl is 3.0; Cu is 1.9; F is 4.0; Li is 1.0; N is 3.0 Cu F Li N

Answer:

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Explanation:

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Arranging the given  elements in order of decreasing atomic sizes ;

The arrangement of elements based on Atomic numbers is a periodic trend ( because elements are categorized/ put in different patterns  in the periodic table based on their atomic sizes ).  while

A group trend groups elements in vertical order based on their characteristics and not atomic size.

Hence we can conclude that Arranging the various elements in order of decreasing atomic sizes is ; Sodium > Aluminum > Sulfur > Chlorine

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Final answer:

Molecular orbitals are formed when atomic orbitals overlap, where in-phase combinations create bonding orbitals and out-of-phase combinations create antibonding orbitals, influencing the stability of the molecule.

Explanation:

The formation of molecular orbitals (MOs) occurs when atomic orbitals overlap and combine, which can be visualized through the molecular orbital theory. Bonding molecular orbitals are created by the in-phase combinations of atomic wave functions, leading to an increase in stability of the molecule as electrons in these orbitals help to hold the atoms together. Conversely, antibonding molecular orbitals result from out-of-phase combinations and contain electrons that make the molecule less stable. The interaction between atomic orbitals is most significant when they are of similar energy.

For instance, molecular orbitals can form from the overlap of two s atomic orbitals from adjacent atoms. An in-phase overlap leads to a lower energy bonding orbital (σ MO), while an out-of-phase overlap results in a higher energy antibonding orbital (σ* MO). When considering molecules with more than two atoms, such as water (H2O), molecular orbital theory provides a more accurate model compared to other theories, explaining the actual bond angles and electron distribution that can be observed experimentally.

Final answer:

To convert 709 mm Hg to cm H₂O, first convert mm Hg to cm Hg and then multiply by 13.6 to account for the difference in density, resulting in a barometric pressure of 964.24 cm H₂O.

Explanation:

To convert the pressure reading from a mercury barometer (mm Hg) to a water barometer reading (cm H₂O), we need to use the ratio of densities of mercury and water. Given that the density of mercury is approximately 13.6 times greater than the density of water, we can calculate the height of the water column that would exert the same pressure as the mercury column.

First, we convert the given pressure in mm Hg to cm Hg since the resulting pressure in water is to be found in cm H₂O. We know that 1 cm Hg = 10 mm Hg, so we have:

709 mm Hg * (1 cm Hg / 10 mm Hg) = 70.9 cm Hg

Now, to convert to cm H₂O, since the density of mercury is 13.6 times that of water, a column of water will need to be 13.6 times higher than a mercury column to exert the same pressure. Therefore:

Barometric pressure = 70.9 cm Hg * 13.6 = 964.24 cm H₂O

The barometric pressure in cm H₂O is 964.24 cm.

Final answer:

The correct electron configuration for carbon is 1s²2s²2p², with two unpaired electrons in separated 2p orbitals, following Hund's rule and the Pauli exclusion principle.

Explanation:

The correct electron configuration for carbon is 1s²2s²2p². Carbon has an atomic number of 6, meaning it has six electrons. Two electrons fill the 1s orbital, the next two fill the 2s orbital, and the remaining two are found in the 2p orbital. According to Hund's rule, the lowest-energy configuration for an atom with electrons within a set of degenerate orbitals is that with the maximum number of unpaired electrons. Therefore, carbon has two unpaired electrons in the 2p orbital, with one electron in each of the two 2p orbitals that have the same n, l, and m₀ quantum numbers, but different ms quantum numbers, adhering to the Pauli exclusion principle. In its valence shell, carbon has an electron configuration of 2s²2p², which is similar to other elements in the same column of the periodic table.

A mole is the amount of substance that contains as many elementary chemical units as present in 12 gram of Carbon 12. 79.707 mole of Tungsten contains [tex]\bold{ 4.8 \times 10^2^5}[/tex]

Mole:

It is the quantity of substance that contains as many elementary chemical units as present in 12 gram of Carbon 12.

[tex]\bold{1mole = 6.02 \times 10^2^3}[/tex]

Number of mole [tex]\bold{ = \frac{ 4.8 \times 10^2^5 }{6.02\times 10^2^3} }[/tex]

Number of moles = 79.707 mole  

Hence, we can conclude that  79.707 mole of Tungsten contains [tex]\bold{ 4.8 \times 10^2^5}[/tex] atoms.

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To find the number of moles in 4.8 × 1025 atoms of tungsten, you divide the number of atoms by Avogadro's number, which results in 79.73 moles of tungsten.

To determine the number of moles in 4.8 × 1025 atoms of tungsten, we use the concept of Avogadro's number. Avogadro's number (6.02 × 1023 atoms/mol) is the number of atoms in one mole of any substance. Therefore, the conversion factor from atoms to moles is 1 mole/6.02 × 1023 atoms.

The calculation would be as follows:

Therefore, the number of moles of tungsten is given by:

(4.8 × 1025 / 6.02 × 1023) moles = 79.73 moles

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Answer: The simplest formula for monosaccharides is [tex](CH_2O)_6;n=6[/tex]

Explanation:

Monosaccharides are defined as the sugars that are present in the simplest forms or which cannot be further hydrolyzed. They are the the basic units os sugar.

This class of sugars consist of carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms.

The general formula for a monosaccharide is [tex](CH_2O)_n;n\geq 3[/tex]

We are given a sugar having chemical formula [tex]C_6H_{12}O_6[/tex]

So, the simplest form of the given sugar will be [tex](CH_2O)_6;n=6[/tex]

true

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There are four major components found in wood, and these are:

cellulose

lignin

starch

protein

Among the four, I believe that cellulose and lignin are the most difficult to degrade because they contain large amount of cross-linked heavy hydrocarbons.

Answer:

cellulose

lignin

Dipeptide is shaped when two amino acids are consolidated by a substance bond called peptide bond. R gathering or "variable gathering" speaks to the side chain on the amino corrosive and this recognizes the assortment of a specific amino corrosive among others.  

Further Explanation:  

first amino acids shaped:  

The manner in which amino acids are integrated has changed during the historical backdrop of Earth. The Hadean age speaks to the time from which Earth initially shaped. The consequent Archean age (around 3,500 million years back) is known as the period of microbes and archaea.  

amino acids begin:  

Fundamental amino acids can't be made by the body. Accordingly, they should originate from sustenance. The 9 basic amino acids are: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.  

amino acids prove evolution:  

That two species and their normal predecessor have comparative DNA is solid proof supporting development. Protein amino corrosive groupings can likewise be utilized to analyze similitudes between species. Proteins are produced using amino acids and the grouping of these amino acids is constrained by qualities.  

Variable grouping:

A gathering variable (likewise called a coding variable, bunch variable or by factor) sorts information inside information records into classes or gatherings. It tells a PC framework how you've arranged information into gatherings. All out factors: a class like "Male" or "Female" and "Control Group" or "Trial Group."

Subject: chemistry

Level: High School

Keywords: first amino acids shaped, amino acids begin, amino acids prove evolution,  Variable grouping.  

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3.5 moles of oxygen are required to produce 2.33 moles of water

Stoichiometry in Chemistry learn about chemicals mainly emphasizes quantitative, such as the calculation of volume, mass, number, which is related to numbers, molecules, elements, etc.

A reaction coefficient is a number in the chemical formula of a substance involved in the reaction equation. The reaction coefficient is useful for equalizing reagents and products.

In the reaction there are also manifestations of reagent substances namely gas (g), liquid (liquid / l), solid (solid / s) and solution (aqueous / aq).

The concentration of a substance can be expressed in several quantities such as moles, percent (%) weight/volume,), molarity, molality, parts per million (ppm) or mole fraction. The concentration shows the amount of solute in a unit of the amount of solvent.

The mole itself is the number of particles contained in a substance amounting to 6.02.10²³

Mole can also be sought if the amount of substance mass and its molar mass is known

[tex]\large{\boxed{\boxed{\bold{mol=\frac{mass}{molar\:mass}}}}[/tex]

Reaction that happens :

C₃H₇SH (l) + 6 O₂ (g) ⇒3 CO₂ (g) + SO₂ (g) + 4 H₂O (g)

And because C₃H₇SH (l) ) is excess reactant, O₂ functions as a limiting reagent, so the determination of H₂O mole based on O₂ mole

From the coefficient of the equation above, it shows that the ratio of mol O₂: mol H₂O = 6: 4

So to produce 2.33 moles of H₂O, O₂ is needed as much as:

mole O₂ = 6/4 x 2.33

mole O₂ = 3,495 = 3.5 mole

The mass of one mole of raindrops

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Keywords: mole, excess, limiting reactants, H₂O

The combustion reaction of octane with oxygen forms carbon dioxide and water vapor. The chemical equation is represented as: 2C8H18(l) + 25O2(g) ➖ 16CO2(g) + 18H2O(g). Each compound's state of matter is indicated in parentheses.

The chemical equation for the reaction of liquid octane (C8H18) with oxygen gas (O2) to form carbon dioxide gas (CO2) and water vapor (H2O) is as follows:

2C8H18(l) + 25O2(g) ➖ 16CO2(g) + 18H2O(g)

In this equation, the phases of each compound are indicated in parentheses. C8H18 is in the liquid phase (l), while O2, CO2, and H2O are all in the gaseous phase (g).

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The balanced equation is C₈H₁₈ (l) + 12.5 O₂ (g) → 8 CO₂ (g) + 9 H₂O (g). This reaction exemplifies a combustion reaction.

Liquid octane reacts with oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction, with phases identified, is:

C₈H₁₈ (l) + 12.5 O₂ (g) → 8 CO₂ (g) + 9 H₂O (g)

This reaction is a typical example of a combustion reaction, where a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy.

The name for the set of rules based on mathematical proportions controlling artistic creation is called 'the canon'. It provides a standard of beauty for artists and has been influential from ancient times to the Renaissance and beyond.

The set of rules, based on precise mathematical proportions, imposing strict controls on the artistic process and the appearance of the images created, is known as the canon. This concept has roots in ancient histories and practices, such as those of the Pythagoreans, ancient Egyptians, and was notably explored during the Renaissance by Leonardo da Vinci with the Vitruvian Man. A canon operates as a standard of beauty, guiding artists in achieving a harmonious balance and proportion in their work, whether it's in paintings, sculptures, or architecture. While artists like Zuccaro and Danti debated the application of mathematical proportions and an absolute canon, they recognized the importance of understanding these principles. Thus, even those who were naturally gifted in the arts could enhance their work through knowledge of the canon, and those not born to it could learn and apply these principles to achieve artistic standards.

Final answer:

C4H6Br2 has 12 valence electrons.

Explanation:

Each hydrogen atom (group 1) has one valence electron, carbon (group 14) has 4 valence electrons, and oxygen (group 16) has 6 valence electrons, for a total of [(2)(1) + 4 + 6] = 12 valence electrons.

The gas most responsible for the greenhouse effect on Earth is carbon dioxide (CO₂). While methane is more potent molecule for molecule, the abundance of CO₂ makes it a foremost contributor to global warming.

The gas most responsible for the greenhouse effect on Earth is carbon dioxide (CO₂). While the most common greenhouse gases are water vapor (H₂O), carbon dioxide, methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O), carbon dioxide is being added to the atmosphere in significant amounts through human activities. These activities lead to higher concentrations of CO₂, causing more heat to be trapped in the atmosphere and enhancing the natural greenhouse effect, which consequently leads to global climate change.

When comparing carbon dioxide to methane in terms of effectiveness at heating the atmosphere, methane is a more potent greenhouse gas molecule for molecule, but the abundance and longevity of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere make it a major player in the greenhouse effect.

It is important to note that gases like nitrogen (N₂) and oxygen (O₂), despite making up a large part of the atmosphere, do not significantly contribute to the greenhouse effect.

Answer:

The mass and atomic number

Explanation:

There are two numbers that are written in front of the symbol. The mass number (written above) and the atomic number (written below). In mass number is equal to the sum of protons and neutrons, the atomic number is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus. The unstable nuclei are due to excess of protons or neutrons. Radioactive atoms tend to emit them intermittently and randomly.

Answer:

fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), astatine (As), and tennessine (Ts)

Explanation: